EP3056630B1 - Roof tile - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a roof tile.

To cover the roof of a building, it is customary to use roofing tiles that overlap each other to form together a roofing surface allowing rain water to flow to the lower part of the roof; each tile generally covering at least one adjacent tile located on one of its sides and an adjacent tile located directly below, these successive overlays preventing the passage of water between the tiles.

In the case of a so-called two-sided roof, the roof has two opposite slopes, which meet at their vertices along a ridge located at the top of the roof and called ridge. To cover this ridge or ridge, it is customary to use so-called ridge tiles which are arranged in line along the ridge and which simultaneously cover the first row of pan tiles at the top of each section of the roof, to the right and to the left. In addition, each ridge tile covers the next ridge tile, which is directly adjacent thereto, to ensure continuity in sealing.

As such, it is known from the document EP 2 644 798 to propose a ridge tile made of molded cellulose impregnated with bitumen, where this ridge tile has an arcuate central wall and two lateral wings extending the longitudinal edges of the central wall, where these wings have flat embossings provided in the middle of the wings to receive fixing means of the tile on the roof elements, these fixing means being of the nail, tip or screw type. This tile conforms to the preamble of claim 1. In the case of a roof with two sides or a pan (roof single-sided), the or each pan of the roof also has side edges on the right and left, called banks , and extending from the ridge to the bottom edge of the pan. To cover these banks, it is customary to use so-called shear tiles, which are arranged in line along the banks and which cover or be covered by the tiles directly adjacent to the shore in the direction of the width of the roof pan; the right bank tiles being distinct from the left bank tiles. In addition, each edge tile covers the next tile in the direction of the slope, which is located directly below, to ensure continuity in sealing.

In the case of a so-called four-sided roof or two hipped roof, the roof has two sides or a pan and a rump arranged in two different directions and meeting along a sloping ridge, extending from top to bottom along the intersection of the two sides or pan and rump. To cover this sloping edge, it is customary to use so-called hip tiles, which are arranged in line along the ridge from top to bottom. In addition, each hip covers the next hip in the direction of the slope, which is located directly below, to ensure continuity in sealing.

Thus, four models of tiles, roof tiles, right bank tiles, left bank tiles and hip tiles, are used to respond to different configurations.

The object of the present invention is to propose a single tile model that makes it possible to meet these four covering configurations (right bank, left bank, hip and ridge), thus simplifying the laying operations.

For this purpose, it proposes a roof tile comprising a central wall of arcuate or angular shape extending in a longitudinal direction and having two opposite longitudinal edges, as well as a front end and a rear end, said tile being remarkable in that it further comprises two lateral wings extending the longitudinal edges of the central wall, said lateral wings having, on their respective longitudinal free edges, retaining flaps, and in that the central wall has a given overall width and each wing has a given overall width, the overall widths of the two wings being identical between the two wings, where the ratio between the overall width of the central wall and the overall width of a wing is between 0.75 and 1.3, preferably between 1.0 and 1.2.

It is understood by "overall width" of a part of the tile (central wall or wing), the widest width of this part, the width corresponding to the dimension of this part taken transversely, in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the tile. For the central wall, the width is measured between its longitudinal edges, while for the wings the width is measured between the relevant longitudinal edge of the central wall and the longitudinal flange.

If the central wall or the wing has a constant width, then the overall width corresponds to this constant width. If the central wall or wing has a variable width along the longitudinal direction, then the overall width corresponds to the largest measured width.

Thus, for use as a ridge tile, the tile according to the invention has its central wall covering the ridge, while these lateral wings will cover the first row of pan tiles at the top of each pan of the roof.

For use as a straight edge tile, the tile according to the invention has its central wall covering the right bank, while its left side wing will be covered by a pan tile directly to its left, and its side wing right will hang in the void along the pinion to provide protection from the top of the pinion.

For use as a left bank tile, the tile according to the invention has its central wall covering the left bank, while its right side wing will be covered by a pan tile directly to its right, and its side wing left will hang in the void along the pinion to provide protection from the top of the pinion.

In both uses as a border tile, the retaining flaps make it possible to retain the tile according to the invention with the directly adjacent pan tile.

For use as a hip roof tile, the tile according to the invention has its central wall overlapping the sloping edge, while these lateral wings will cover the pan or rump tiles directly adjacent to the edge.

Thus, a tile according to the invention allows four uses with one and the same type of tile.

According to one feature, the side wings are substantially flat.

According to a possibility of the invention, the tile is symmetrical about a median plane parallel to the longitudinal direction.

This symmetry is advantageous for the multiple uses provided with this tile.

In a particular embodiment, the wings define between them, in a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal direction, an angle of between 75 and 105 °, preferably between 85 and 95 °.

This inclination between the wings makes it possible to respond geometrically optimally to the various uses mentioned above.

According to one characteristic, along each longitudinal edge of the central wall, the corresponding wing forms with the central wall an angle of between 90 and 160 °, preferably between 120 and 150 °.

Such a characteristic offers an advantageous geometric conformation to meet the different uses.

In a particular embodiment, the central wall comprises at least one longitudinal portion of frustoconical, cylindrical or angular surface.

It is understood by "longitudinal section of angular surface" a longitudinal section of substantially triangular cross section, so that the section has two flat slopes, symmetrical and inclined at a non-zero angle; these two flat slopes may be contiguous and contiguous along an edge, or may be arranged on either side of a narrow plate.

In a particular embodiment, the tile has a stepped conformation with a front step and a raised rear step with respect to the front step, where the front step extends from the front end to substantially the middle of the tile and is extended by the rear step which extends to the rear end, the two steps being separated by a step extending over the entire width of the tile, between the two longitudinal free edges of the wings, so that the walking It is divided into three contiguous sections, with two lateral sections across the respective wings and a central section following the periphery of the central wall.

In this embodiment, the central wall comprises two longitudinal sections of frustoconical surface, cylindrical or angular, with a front section on the front step which is extended by a rear section on the rear step.

Optionally, the overall width of the tile is substantially constant along the longitudinal direction, for optimal overlays of adjacent tiles.

According to another possibility of the invention, the tile has a front end and a rear end and an opposite outer face and an inner face, and the outer face has on the rear end at least one interlocking zone, the groove or rib type, and the inner face has on the front end at least one complementary nesting zone, the rib or groove type, said interlocking zones being of complementary shapes so that the front end of a tile can cover and nest on the rear end of an adjacent tile.

Preferably, the tile is made of terracotta, particularly well suited for the four uses provided for the tile, namely as ridge tile, right bank tile, left bank tile or hoop tile.

• la figure 1 est une vue schématique en perspective d'une première tuile conforme à l'invention ;
• la figure 2 est une vue schématique en perspective d'une seconde tuile conforme à l'invention ;
• la figure 3 est une vue schématique partielle en perspective de tuiles conformes à la figure 2, en situation sur une toiture à deux pans et utilisés comme tuiles faîtières ;
• la figure 4 est une vue schématique partielle en perspective de tuiles conformes à la figure 2, en situation sur un pan de toiture et utilisés comme tuiles de rive droite ; et
• la figure 5 est une vue schématique partielle en perspective de tuiles conformes à la figure 2, en situation sur un pan de toiture et utilisés comme tuiles de rive gauche.

Other features and advantages of the present invention will appear on reading the following detailed description of two nonlimiting exemplary embodiments, with reference to the appended figures in which:

• the figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a first tile according to the invention;
• the figure 2 is a schematic perspective view of a second tile according to the invention;
• the figure 3 is a partial schematic perspective view of tiles conforming to the figure 2 , in situation on a roof with two sides and used as roof tiles;
• the figure 4 is a partial schematic perspective view of tiles conforming to the figure 2 , in situ on a roof and used as right bank tiles; and
• the figure 5 is a partial schematic perspective view of tiles conforming to the figure 2 , in situ on a roof and used as left bank tiles.

In a first embodiment illustrated on the figure 1 , the tile is numbered "1a". In a second embodiment illustrated on the figure 2 , the tile is numbered "1b". Unless otherwise expressly or implicitly stated, organs, parts, devices or elements structurally or functionally identical or similar shall be designated by identical reference marks on the Figures 1 and 2 .

In both embodiments, the tile 1a or 1b according to the invention is of the monobloc type, or made in one piece, especially terracotta.

Each tile 1a, 1b extends in a longitudinal direction A and has a plane of symmetry vis-à-vis a median plane parallel to the longitudinal direction A. The tile 1a or 1b has a front end 11 and a rear end 12.

The tile 1a or 1b comprises a central wall 2 extending in the longitudinal direction A of the tile, this central wall 2 having two longitudinal edges 23, 24 opposite, respectively the longitudinal right edge 23 and the left longitudinal edge 24.

Each tile 1a, 1b comprises two lateral wings 3, 4 extending the longitudinal edges 23, 24 of the central wall 2. More specifically, each tile 1a, 1b comprises a right wing 3 extending the longitudinal right edge 23 and a left wing 4 extending the left longitudinal edge 24.

The difference between the two tiles 1a, 1b is that the tile 1b according to the second embodiment has a stepped conform with a front step 61 and a rear step 62 raised with respect to the front step 61, where the front step 61 is extends from the front end 11 to substantially the middle of the tile 1b and is extended by the rear step 62 which extends to the rear end 12. The two steps 61, 62 are thus separated by a step 5, of height substantially equivalent to the thickness of the lower step 61, which extends over the entire width of the tile 1b.

Thus, the step 5 is divided into three contiguous sections 53, 52, 54, with a rectilinear lateral section 53 across the wing 3, another straight lateral section 54 across the wing 4 and a framed central section 52. by the two lateral sections 53, 54 and following the periphery of the central wall 2.

• soit deux tuiles de pan adjacentes et emboitées l'une sur l'autre, sous réserve que chaque gradin 61, 62 soit aussi long qu'une telle tuile de pan, autrement dit que la tuile 1b ait une longueur sensiblement équivalente à deux fois la longueur d'une telle tuile de pan ;
• soit une tuile de pan adjacente comportant également une telle marche, sous réserve que cette tuile de pan avec marche soit sensiblement aussi longue que la tuile 1b.

The tile 1b according to the second embodiment allows an assembly with:

• two adjacent pan tiles nested one on the other, provided that each step 61, 62 is as long as such a pan tile, that is to say that the tile 1b has a length substantially equivalent to twice the length of such a pan tile;
• either an adjacent pan tile also including such a step, provided that this pan tile with step is substantially as long as the tile 1b.

In the first embodiment, the central wall 2 comprises a single longitudinal frustoconical surface section. The width of the frustoconical portion of the central wall 2 decreases in the direction from the front end 11 of the tile 1a to the rear end 12 of the tile 1a.

In the second embodiment, the central wall 2 comprises two longitudinal sections of frustoconical surface, with a front section on the front step 61 which is extended by a rear section on the rear step 62; the rear section overhanging the front section at the central section 52 of the step 5. The width of each frustoconical section decreases in the direction from the front end 11 of the tile 1b to the rear end 12 of the tile 1b . The two sections are of substantially equivalent geometry and dimensions.

The wings 3, 4 are substantially flat and have, on their respective longitudinal free flanges, retaining flaps 31, 41. These retaining flaps 31, 41 thus form the longitudinal edges of the tile 1a or 1b.

In the second embodiment, the wings 3, 4 each have a flat front portion on the front step 61 which is extended by a flat rear portion on the rear step 62; the rear portion overlooking the front portion at section 53 or 54 of the wing 3, 4 concerned.

In both embodiments, along each longitudinal edge 23, 24 of the central wall 2, the corresponding flange 3, 4 forms with the central wall 2 a given angle A1. This angle A1 is taken between the wing 3, 4 concerned and the tangent to the central wall 2 at the corresponding longitudinal edge 23, 24. Due to the symmetry of the tile 1, this angle A1 is the same for each wing 3, 4. This angle is between 90 and 160 °, preferably between 120 and 150 °.

In both embodiments, the wings 3, 4 are not parallel and they define between them, in a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal direction A, an angle A2 between 75 and 105 °, preferably between 85 and 95 °.

Each tile 1a, 1b has a constant overall width LT, which corresponds to the transverse dimension taken between the longitudinal edges of the wings 3, 4.

In both embodiments, the ratio between the overall width (or greater width) of the central wall 2 and the overall width (or greater width) of a wing 3, 4 is between 0.75 and 1, 3, preferably between 1.0 and 1.2; so that the central wall 2 and each wing 3, 4 are almost as wide.

Each tile 1a, 1b also has an opposite outer face and an inner face, the outer face (visible in the figures) being intended to be on the outside, facing the weather, while the inner face is intended to be on the inside and come to bear against a structural element of the roof.

The outer face has on the rear end 12 a rib 13 projecting and following the arcuate contour of the central wall 2 and the rear edges of the wings 3, 4. The inner face has on the front end 11 a groove (not visible ) recessed and following the arcuate contour of the central wall 2 and the front edges of the wings 3, 4. This rib 13 and this groove form complementary interlocking zones provided so that the front end 11 of a tile 1a , 1b can cover and nest on the rear end 12 of an adjacent tile 1a, 1b. It is of course conceivable that the outer face has on the rear end 12 several protruding ribs and that the inner face has on the front end 11 several recessed grooves, adapted to cooperate by interlocking with several ribs of an adjacent tile.

As illustrated on the figure 3 , the tile 1 can be used as a ridge tile, with its central wall 2 positioned on the roof FA of the roof, and with its wings 3, 4 which cover the first row of pan TP tiles at the top of each pan PA; each wing 3, 4 extending in the direction of the slope of the corresponding PA pan, and having a width sufficient to overlap pan pan tiles of the first row of each pan PA.

As illustrated on the figure 4 , the tile 1 can be used as a straight edge tile, with its central wall 2 positioned on the right bank RD of a roof PA pan, and with its left wing 4 covered by a pan TP tile directly to its left, and its right wing 3 extending along the pinion. The retaining flap 41 allows the left wing 4 to be retained and blocked by the adjacent pan tile TP.

As illustrated on the figure 5 , the tile 1 can be used as a left bank tile, with its central wall 2 positioned on the left bank RG of a roof PA pan, and with its right wing 3 covered by a pan TP tile directly to its right, and its left wing 4 extending along the pinion. The retaining flap 31 allows the right wing 3 to be retained and blocked by the adjacent pan tile TP.

For use not shown as a hip tile, tile 1 is used in the same manner as in use as a ridge tile.

Claims (11)

1. A roof tile (1a; 1b) comprising a central wall (2) of arcuate or angular shape extending in a longitudinal direction (A) and having two opposite longitudinal rims (23, 24) as well as a front end (11) and a rear end (12), said tile (1) further including two lateral wings (3, 4) lengthening the longitudinal rims (23, 24) of the central wall (2), wherein the central wall (2) has a given overall width and each wing has a given overall width, the overall widths of the two wings (3, 4) being identical between the two wings (3, 4), said tile (1a; 1b) being characterized in that said wings (3, 4) have, on their respective free longitudinal flanges, retainer flaps (31, 41) curved upwards so as to allow one of the wings (3, 4) to be retained and blocked by a directly adjacent section tile (TP) when the tile (1a, 1b) is used as an edge tile, and in that the ratio between the overall width of the central wall (2) and the overall width of a wing (3; 4) is comprised between 0.75 and 1.3, preferably between 1.0 and 1.2.
2. The tile (1a; 1b) according to claim 1, wherein said lateral wings (3, 4) are substantially flat.
3. The tile (1a; 1b) according to claims 1 or 2, wherein the tile (1) is symmetrical along a median plane parallel to the longitudinal direction (A).
4. The tile (1a; 1b) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the wings (3, 4) define therebetween, in a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal direction (A), an angle (A2) comprised between 75 and 105°, preferably between 85 and 95°.
5. The tile (1a; 1b) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, along each longitudinal rim (23; 24) of the central wall (2), the corresponding wing (3; 4) forms with the central wall (2) an angle (A1) comprised between 90 and 160°, preferably between 120 and 150°.
6. The tile (1a; 1b) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the central wall (2) includes at least one longitudinal segment of an angular, cylindrical or truncated-cone shaped surface.
7. The tile (1b) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the tile (1) has a stepped conformation with a front step (61) and a rear step (62) raised relative to the front step (61), wherein the front step (61) extends from the front end (11) to substantially the middle of the tile (1b) and is lengthened by the rear step (62) which extends to the rear end (12), the two steps being separated by a treads (5) extending over the entire width of the tile (1b), between the two free longitudinal flanges of the wings (3, 4), so that the tread (5) is divided into three contiguous portions (53, 52, 54), with two lateral portions (53, 54) across the respective wings (3, 4) and a central portion (52) following the circumference of the central wall (2).
8. The tile (1b) according to claims 6 and 7, wherein the central wall (2) includes two longitudinal segments of an angular, cylindrical or truncated-cone shaped surface, with a front segment on the front step which is lengthened by a rear segment on the rear step.
9. The tile (1a; 1b) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the overall width (LT) of the tile (1a; 1b) is substantially constant along the longitudinal direction (A).
10. The tile (1a; 1b) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the tile (1a; 1b) has a front end (11) and a rear end (12) as well as an outer face and an inner face opposite to each other, and the outer face has on the rear end (12) at least one interlocking area (13), of the groove or rib type, and the inner face has on the front end (11) at least one complementary interlocking area, of the rib or groove type, said interlocking areas having complementary shapes so that the front end (11) of a tile (1) can cover and fit on the rear end (12) of an adjacent tile (1).
11. The tile (1a; 1b) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the tile (1a; 1b) is made of terracotta.

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