EP3055639A1 - Élément de protection équipé d'une couche de découplage - Google Patents

Élément de protection équipé d'une couche de découplage

Info

Publication number
EP3055639A1
EP3055639A1 EP14801916.9A EP14801916A EP3055639A1 EP 3055639 A1 EP3055639 A1 EP 3055639A1 EP 14801916 A EP14801916 A EP 14801916A EP 3055639 A1 EP3055639 A1 EP 3055639A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
protective element
armor plate
armor
layer
decoupling layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP14801916.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3055639B1 (fr
Inventor
Barbara Platschek
Robert Bayer
Torsten Jäger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Krauss Maffei Wegmann GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Krauss Maffei Wegmann GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Krauss Maffei Wegmann GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Krauss Maffei Wegmann GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP3055639A1 publication Critical patent/EP3055639A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3055639B1 publication Critical patent/EP3055639B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0414—Layered armour containing ceramic material
    • F41H5/0428—Ceramic layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0442—Layered armour containing metal
    • F41H5/0457—Metal layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a protective element for protecting an object from military threats with an armor plate, which has a threat side pointing in the direction of a threat and an object side pointing in the direction of the object to be protected. Further objects of the invention form a protective element arrangement and a vehicle body with such a protective element.
  • Protective elements for the protection of objects, such as vehicles, bunkers, containers, etc. against military threats, such as more punctual impinging armor-piercing ammunition bodies or rather surface-impacting splinters, which arise, for example, during the detonation of a mine, are known from the prior art in various designs.
  • protective elements made of a particularly hard material are mostly used, by means of which good protection against these rather punctiform ammunition bodies can be achieved.
  • the use of ceramics or ultrahard armor steels has proven particularly useful in recent years.
  • Such a protective element is known, for example, from EP 0 251 395 A1.
  • the protective element On the threat side, the protective element has a harder but brittle ceramic layer for protection against armor-piercing ammunition and, on its object side facing the object to be protected, several layers of an aluminum alloy for protection against splinters.
  • an aluminum alloy for protection against splinters.
  • the invention is therefore based on the invention to provide a simple in construction, effective against armor-piercing ammunition as well as against splinters protective element.
  • this object is achieved by a decoupling layer arranged on the threat side. Due to the arrangement of a decoupling layer on the threat side of the armor plate, an armor-piercing ammunition as well as a splinter initially strikes the decoupling layer. For an armor-piercing ammunition, the decoupling layer does not represent any appreciable resistance. The armor piercing ammunition striking the protective element penetrates the coupling layer largely undisturbed and is trapped on the underlying, much harder armor plate. When a rather flat meeting of a splitter on the decoupling layer results in a shock wave, which is initiated by the splitter on the decoupling layer in the armor plate.
  • the shockwave propagates faster within the decoupling layer than the splitter penetrates into the decoupling layer, the shockwave runs in front of the penetrating splitter in the direction of the armor plate located behind it.
  • the resistance of the protective element is thus increased by simple means such that both armor piercing ammunition and splinters are held in a simple manner.
  • the armor plate is designed as a tank steel plate or as a ceramic armor plate.
  • the armor steel plate can consist of ultra-hard steel armor.
  • a ceramic armor plate this can be formed by a flat ceramic plate or several smaller ceramic elements, which are encapsulated by means of a potting compound to a composite armor plate.
  • aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, silicon carbide, boron carbide and titanium diboride may be considered as ceramic materials.
  • the decoupling layer is arranged directly on the armor plate.
  • a direct arrangement a defined transmission of the shock wave is achieved when a splitter hits the decoupling layer on the armor plate.
  • the decoupling layer is glued to the armor plate, screwed or clamped.
  • the decoupling layer is applied directly to the armor plate. For example, it can be sprayed on, painted on or be infused. It is particularly advantageous if the decoupling layer is attached over the entire surface of the armor plate.
  • the thickness of the decoupling layer can be between 0.5 mm and 50 mm, preferably between 0.5 mm and 10 mm and even more preferably between 2 mm and 6 mm.
  • the decoupling layer consists of a plastic or rubber material. Such materials have a much higher modulus of elasticity than the armor plate. As a result, a kind of damping effect is achieved.
  • the decoupling layer comprises rubber, polymers, elastomers, natural and / or synthetic rubber, wherein a decoupling layer of an elastomer material is also distinguished over relatively long temperature ranges by good decoupling properties.
  • the decoupling layer may consist of non-foamed polyurethane.
  • the plastic or rubber material of the decoupling layer is formed fiber-free.
  • the plastic or rubber has a homogeneous composition.
  • the plastic or the rubber additives to increase the fire resistance, fire resistance, scratch resistance, abrasion resistance and / or coloration are examples of the plastic or the rubber additives to increase the fire resistance, fire resistance, scratch resistance, abrasion resistance and / or coloration.
  • a reliable decoupling is achieved if the material of the decoupling layer has a Shore hardness of 70 to 95, in particular of 90. It is also advantageous for the decoupling properties if the material of the decoupling layer has a rebound resilience of 30% to 50%.
  • the material of the decoupling layer has a bending coefficient of 2000 psi to 7000 psi.
  • the material of the decoupling layer has a basis weight of 0.8 to 1, 5 kg / m 2 per mm thickness, in particular from 1, 0 to 1, 2 kg / m 2 per mm thickness.
  • the decoupling layer is preferably arranged over the entire surface of the armor plate.
  • a further development of the invention provides, in the case of an armor plate consisting of armor steel, that the armor plate has a hardness of at least 380 Brinell, preferably at least 500 Brinell and more preferably at least 600 Brinell.
  • the armor plate has a hardness of at least 380 Brinell, preferably at least 500 Brinell and more preferably at least 600 Brinell.
  • the thickness of the armor plate is preferably between 2 mm and 20 mm. It is preferably between 2 mm and 12 mm and more preferably between 4 mm and 10 mm. These thicknesses have proven especially in trained as armor steel plates armor plates.
  • An embodiment which is advantageous in terms of a compact design provides that the protective element has a multilayer structure in which chem the armor plate forms the thickest single layer.
  • the thickness of the armor plate may amount to at least 15%, preferably at least 50% and more preferably at least 75% of the thickness of the protective element.
  • the ratio of the thickness of the armor plate to the thickness of the decoupling layer is at least 1 and / or at most 10, more preferably at least 2 and at most 5.
  • the protective element has a protective layer covering the decoupling layer for protection against fire and / or environmental influences.
  • the resistance of the protective element against environmental influences and fire can be increased. Also results in an extension of the lifetime of the protective element. Maintenance intervals are shortened.
  • the damping effect of the decoupling layer can be improved by the protective layer, since the impact of a splitter is transferred from the protective layer to a larger surface of the decoupling layer than would be the case with a direct impact on the decoupling layer.
  • the thickness of the protective layer is preferably 0.05 to 5 mm, more preferably 0.1 to 1 mm. In this thickness range, a good protective effect for the protective element against environmental influences sets in and the weight of the protective element is not unnecessarily increased.
  • the protective layer is made of fiber composite material, metal or sand.
  • fiber composite material metal or sand.
  • Particularly advantageous are glass fiber composite material, Aluminum and steel proven, the steel is preferably thinner and softer than the armor plate.
  • the armor plate is harder than the protective layer and the protective layer is harder than the decoupling layer.
  • the protective layer is harder than the decoupling layer.
  • the armor plate forms the hardest layer of the protective element.
  • the protective layer advantageously forms on the threat side, the outermost layer of the protective element, so that the underlying layers are protected by the protective layer.
  • the protective layer is preferably arranged directly on the decoupling layer. It can be glued to the decoupling layer, screwed, clamped or applied directly, in particular sprayed on, brushed or poured.
  • the armor plate, the decoupling layer and / or the protective layer are preferably formed recess-free and / or free of cavities.
  • the protective element is designed as a protection module.
  • the protective element as
  • the protective element can be mounted as a unit to an object and dismantled. In this respect, the assembly and the replacement of damaged protective elements is particularly simplified. In addition, to solve the above problem in a protective element arrangement of the type mentioned above, it is proposed that this has a protective element with one or more of the features described above.
  • the protective element arrangement has a second armor plate, which is arranged on the object side of the protective element. Over the second armor plate a certain redundancy is achieved, so that even in the event of a breach of the outer protective element or its first armor plate protection is still given.
  • the second armor plate is arranged at a distance from the armor plate of the protective element. By the distance, the protective effect of the protective element arrangement can be further increased.
  • the disputed arrangement of the two pan plates results in a clearance space.
  • the distance space between the armor plate of the protective element and the second armor plate may be filled with air and allow bending of the protective element, without this strikes directly on the underlying armor plate.
  • the distance between the armor plate of the protective element and the second armor plate is preferably 2 mm to 50 mm, particularly preferably 4 mm to 15 mm.
  • the second armor plate may be formed material identical to the armor plate of the protective element.
  • the thicknesses of the two armor plates may be substantially the same.
  • a decoupling layer is arranged on the threat side of the second armor plate. The decoupling layer may be formed analogously to the decoupling layer of the protective element, whereby the already described advantages result here as well.
  • a third armor plate is disposed between the armor plate of the protective element and the second armor plate.
  • the protective effect of the protective element arrangement can be further increased.
  • the third armor plate is formed material identical to the first and / or second armor plate.
  • the armor plate of the protective element, the second armor plate and the third armor plate are spaced from each other.
  • the protective effect can be further increased.
  • the distances of air gaps are formed.
  • the distance between the second armor plate and the third armor plate is greater than the distance between the third armor plate and the armor plate of the protective element.
  • the distance between the second armor plate and the third armor plate is 2 to 3 times greater than the distance between the third armor plate and the armor plate of the protective element.
  • All armor plates may be formed identical material or made of different materials.
  • the armor plates can be designed as armor steel plates and / or ceramic armor plates.
  • one of the armor plates is formed as part of a vehicle body, whereby a particularly compact vehicle body or a particularly compact vehicle can be realized.
  • This embodiment is particularly suitable for existing from a steel armor body parts, such as in particular the vehicle trays commonly used in military vehicles.
  • the innermost armor plate is formed as part of the vehicle body, in particular as part of a vehicle pan receiving the vehicle crew.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a protective element according to the invention, a schematic sectional view of a protective element arrangement according to a first embodiment, Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a protective element arrangement according to a second embodiment and
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a protective element 1 for the protection of objects against military threats.
  • the protective element 1 is a protective module which can be attached as a structural unit to an object to be protected, such as a military vehicle, for its protection against armor-piercing ammunition as well as for protection against splinters.
  • the protective element 1 has an armor plate 2 consisting of a high-hardness material with a threat side 3 pointing in the direction of the military threat and an object side 4 pointing in the direction of the object to be protected.
  • the armor plate 2 forms the innermost layer of the protective element 1 and serves mainly to protect against armor-piercing ammunition body, which penetrate the outer layers largely undisturbed and are not significantly affected until they reach the armor plate 2.
  • the armor plate 2 is according to the embodiment, a high-strength armor steel plate with a hardness of more than 380 Brinell.
  • the armor plate 2 not only forms the innermost layer of the protective element 1, but at the same time also its hardest layer in order to act against armor-piercing ammunition.
  • the armor plate 2 has in the embodiment has a thickness of 10 mm.
  • ceramic armor plates 2 have proven themselves under weight aspects.
  • armor plates 2 of a high-hardness material act reliably against bombardment by armor-piercing ammunition which hits almost punctually, however, they have weaknesses in the case of splinters which act more extensively, armor plate 2 is preceded by a decoupling layer 5 at its threat side.
  • the decoupling layer 5 can not provide any appreciable protection, since this consists of a softer material that is comparatively easy to penetrate from such a projectile.
  • the decoupling layer 5 serves to protect against splinters, which rather impinge on the protective element 1 over a large area and, if they hit the brittle armor plate 2 directly, would, under certain circumstances, puncture them.
  • the decoupling layer 5 serves in the manner of a damping layer, to prepare the splitter on the later impact on the armor plate 2 so that it will not penetrate.
  • an elastic shock wave is introduced into the armor plate 2 via the decoupling layer 5.
  • the shock wave is formed upon impact of the splitter on the decoupling layer 5 and propagates through it in the direction of the underlying armor plate 2 continued. Since the shock wave within the decoupling layer 5 moves faster than the splitter penetrates into the layer, the shockwave and the splitter uncouple from each other on the armor plate 2. This decoupling the impact of the splitter on the armor plate in time, space and geometric so prepared that the existing of a brittle material armor plate 2 is not punched.
  • the decoupling layer 5 is located directly on the threat side of the armor plate 2 and is connected to this area by gluing. Alternatively, the decoupling layer 5 can also be bolted to the armor plate 2, clamped, sprayed on, painted or poured.
  • the thickness of the decoupling layer is 4 mm.
  • a thickness of the decoupling layer between 0.5 mm and 50 mm has proven to be advantageous. Particularly good results were found in a thickness range of 2 mm to 6 mm.
  • the modulus of elasticity of the decoupling layer 5 is considerably lower than that of the armor plate 2.
  • the decoupling layer 5 consists of non-foamed polyurethane. In principle, however, other materials are suitable as decoupling layer 5.
  • the material of the decoupling layer 5 is comparatively soft. Plastics and rubber materials have proven to be particularly suitable.
  • the Decoupling layer 5 of rubber, polymer, elastomer, natural rubber and / or synthetic rubber.
  • the decoupling layer 5 can also be constructed of plastic mixtures.
  • the plastic is formed without reinforcing fibers, so fiber-free.
  • the plastic preferably has a homogeneous structure. However, additives for increasing the fire resistance, fire resistance, scratch resistance, abrasion resistance and / or coloring can be added to the plastic of the decoupling layer 5.
  • Particularly suitable materials for the decoupling layer 5 have a rebound resilience of 30% to 50, a Shore hardness of 70 to 75 and / or a bending coefficient of 2000 psi to 7000 psi.
  • the basis weight of the decoupling layer 5, in the embodiment 1, 1 kg per square meter per millimeter thickness.
  • a protective layer 6 is provided for protection against external influences such as environmental influences or even fire or similar influences. By the protective layer 6 can be prevented, for example, that thrown on the vehicle Molotov cocktails damage the decoupling layer 5 in the way that it loses its effect.
  • the protective layer 6 has a smaller thickness than the decoupling layer 5.
  • the protective layer 6 forms the outermost layer of the protective element 1, is harder than the decoupling layer 5 and softer than the armor plate 2.
  • the protective layer 6 consists of a fiber composite material, a metal such as steel or aluminum and / or sand.
  • the protective layer 6 is made of a glass fiber composite material.
  • the protective layer 6 is arranged directly on the decoupling layer 5 and bonded to the decoupling layer 5.
  • the protective layer 6 can also be dersartig be connected to the decoupling layer 5, for example by coating or releasable connection, for example by jamming.
  • FIG. 2 initially shows a protective element arrangement 10 with a protective element 1, in which further elements 7, 8 are arranged on the object side to improve the protective effect in a type of redundant arrangement.
  • a second armor plate 7 is arranged, which is formed substantially identical to the armor plate 2 of the protective element 1.
  • the second armor plate 7 also has a decoupling layer 8 on its threat side 11. However, this can also be omitted according to further, not shown embodiments.
  • the armor plate 7 has a distance a relative to the armor plate 2 of the protective element 1, so that a clearance space is created between the protective element 1 and the armor plate 7 or the decoupling layer 8.
  • the spacer space 13 is filled with air, which is why the protective element 1 can deform in the direction of the armor plate 7 or the decoupling layer 8 located behind it without colliding with it.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of a protective element arrangement 10.
  • This protective element arrangement 10 essentially corresponds to the protective element arrangement according to FIG. 2, but has a third armor plate 9 which divides the spacer space 13 into two spacing spaces 14 and 15.
  • the armor plate 2 of the protective element 1 has a distance b from the third armor plate 9 and the third armor plate 9 has a distance c from the second armor plate 7.
  • the armor plates 2, 7, 9 are each formed as separate plate parts according to the illustrations in the figures, it is also conceivable that at least one of the armor plates 2, 7, 9 is formed by an armored vehicle trough.
  • the left FSP 20 was fired on an armor plate 2 without a decoupling layer and penetrated it.
  • the armor plate 2 behaves with the decoupling layer 5 against the impacting splitter tougher and punching are avoided.
  • the arrangement of a decoupling layer 5 on the threat side 3 of an armor plate 2 a significantly higher level of protection is achieved and effective in a structurally simple structure punching through the armor plate 2 prevented. Overall, a significantly improved protection against armor-piercing ammunition as well as against splinters is achieved with simple means even with only a slight increase in weight compared to a simple armor plate 2.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un élément de protection pour la protection d'un objet face à des menaces militaires, comprenant une plaque de blindage (2) qui présente une face menace (3) dirigée vers une menace et une face objet (4) dirigée vers l'objet à protéger, une couche de découplage (5) étant placée sur la face menace (3) de telle sorte que l'arrivée du choc sur la plaque de blindage dans le cas d'un impact balistique et l'arrivée de l'objet balistique en soi sur la plaque de blindage sont découplées l'une de l'autre.
EP14801916.9A 2013-10-08 2014-10-07 Élément de protection équipé d'une couche de découplage Active EP3055639B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013111137.8A DE102013111137A1 (de) 2013-10-08 2013-10-08 Schutzelement mit Entkopplungsschicht
PCT/DE2014/100351 WO2015051783A1 (fr) 2013-10-08 2014-10-07 Élément de protection équipé d'une couche de découplage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3055639A1 true EP3055639A1 (fr) 2016-08-17
EP3055639B1 EP3055639B1 (fr) 2019-12-11

Family

ID=51945659

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14801916.9A Active EP3055639B1 (fr) 2013-10-08 2014-10-07 Élément de protection équipé d'une couche de découplage

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3055639B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102013111137A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015051783A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015116879B4 (de) 2015-10-05 2019-10-31 BENTELER Lightweight Protection GmbH & Co. KG Fahrzeug-Panzerungsbauteil
DE102015116884A1 (de) * 2015-10-05 2017-04-06 Benteler Defense Gmbh & Co. Kg Fahrzeug-Panzerungsbauteil
DE102019116363A1 (de) 2019-06-17 2020-12-17 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Panzerungsbauteils für Kraftfahrzeuge

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4545286A (en) * 1984-06-14 1985-10-08 Victor Fedij Active armor
NL8601650A (nl) 1986-06-24 1988-01-18 Fokker Special Products Pantserplaat.
DE3741090A1 (de) * 1987-12-04 1989-06-22 Mak Maschinenbau Krupp Flaechendaempfer fuer panzerfahrzeuge
GB8918252D0 (en) * 1988-12-10 1998-11-18 Diehl Gmbh & Co Armour
DE10007186A1 (de) * 2000-02-17 2001-10-11 Verseidag Indutex Gmbh Schutzvorrichtung
US6532857B1 (en) * 2000-05-12 2003-03-18 Ceradyne, Inc. Ceramic array armor
DE10200472A1 (de) * 2002-01-09 2003-07-10 Contitech Vibration Control Minenschutz für gepanzerte Fahrzeuge gegen Anti-Tank-Minen
WO2005103363A2 (fr) * 2004-04-23 2005-11-03 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Armature comprenant un elastomere durcissant sous sollicitations
ATE449948T1 (de) * 2003-12-29 2009-12-15 Ruag Land Systems Schutz-schicht gegen geformte ladungen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3055639B1 (fr) 2019-12-11
WO2015051783A1 (fr) 2015-04-16
DE102013111137A1 (de) 2015-04-09

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