EP3053409B1 - Illuminating device - Google Patents
Illuminating device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3053409B1 EP3053409B1 EP14780448.8A EP14780448A EP3053409B1 EP 3053409 B1 EP3053409 B1 EP 3053409B1 EP 14780448 A EP14780448 A EP 14780448A EP 3053409 B1 EP3053409 B1 EP 3053409B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- code
- code words
- color
- control
- illumination device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005314 correlation function Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 23
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 101000906927 Homo sapiens N-chimaerin Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 102100023648 N-chimaerin Human genes 0.000 description 9
- 208000035195 congenital hypomyelinating 3 neuropathy Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 208000035196 congenital hypomyelinating 2 neuropathy Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000220225 Malus Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001279 elastic incoherent neutron scattering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010971 suitability test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/30—Driver circuits
- H05B45/345—Current stabilisation; Maintaining constant current
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/30—Driver circuits
- H05B45/32—Pulse-control circuits
Definitions
- the present application takes the priorities of the two European patent applications 14 155 995.5 of 20 February 2014 and 14 156 035.9 of 20 February 2014 and the German patent application 10 2013 016 386.2 of 30 September 2013 to complete.
- the invention relates to a lighting device and more particularly to a device for setting multi-colored light scenes in a motor vehicle.
- the PWM modulation has some disadvantages, in particular with regard to EMC aspects, which will be described in detail below. For introduction, reference is first made to a definition of the PWM according to the prior art.
- Pulse width modulation respectively pulse length modulation (see also " Karsten Block, Peter Busch, Ludger Erwig, Franz Fischer, Wilken Pape, Manfredegerber: Electrical professions. Learning fields 9-13. Energy and building technology. 1st edition. ceremoniessverlag EINS, Troisdorf 2006. ISBN 978-3-427-44464-0.
- P. 216 ff., 253 ff., 304 "or PLM for pulse length modulation is, according to the generally accepted definition, a modulation type in which a technical quantity (eg the electric current) changes between two values At constant frequency, the duty cycle of a rectangular pulse is modulated, ie the width of the pulses forming it.
- Pulse-Width-Modulation PWM
- PWM Pulse Width Modulation
- PDM Pulse Width Modulation
- lighting devices are known in the art that include a plurality of light emitters in at least two different colors that are configured to be coupled to a circuit having a current source and a common potential reference and driver (TR1, TR2, TR3, DRV ) for operating the plurality of light emitters, of which at least two are connected to the plurality of light emitters and the circuit and comprise the respective current paths of the at least two differently colored light emitters corresponding switches.
- said prior art lighting device includes control for periodically and independently opening and closing at least two switches.
- the control has an externally assigned, variable bus address to identify the address portion of an input data flow and to respond to it, wherein the data flow portion, in particular an addressed data packet, this control is assigned.
- this prior art lighting device is characterized in that each light emitter is an LED and the controller generates a plurality of PWM signals, wherein each PWM signal is associated with one of the plurality of LEDs of different colors and each of the PWMs Signals causes a corresponding one of the at least two switches to open and close at corresponding frequencies according to the respective operating cycles, and wherein the data flow component comprises data for determining the respective operating cycles of the at least two differently colored LEDs (see, for example, US Pat. EP-B-1 016 062 ).
- Fig. 1 shows an exemplary spectrum for a bipolar PWM according to the prior art.
- an illumination device in which the light sources are operated to generate light of desired intensity and color by means of pulse modulation of a randomly controlled pulse width, which in turn adjusts white noise as a spectrum.
- EP-A-2 696 657 Other methods for generating coded drive signals are described in EP-A-2 696 657 .
- US-A-2010/109550 DE-T-11 2008 003651 .
- WO-A-2009/040405 WO-A-2009/090511 .
- US-B-8 129 924 .
- EP-A-2 631 674 EP-B-1 016 062 .
- US-A-2011/0018465 US-A-2012/0127210 .
- EP-A-2 571 200 EP-A-2 631 674 .
- a lighting device according to the preamble of claim 1 is in WO 2009/136317 described.
- the invention solves the problem of providing a device for supplying light emitters and / or LEDs with electrical energy, wherein an interference spectrum with reduced amplitude and in contrast to the prior art within certain limits modelable interference spectrum arise.
- a subtask given later in the description is to provide a pseudo-random signal with a fill factor that deviates from 50%.
- the invention proposes a lighting device which is provided with the features of claim 1. Individual embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
- the lighting means are driven by means of a drive signal which is modulated by means of binary code words, which can also be referred to as pulse density modulation or as spread spectrum pulse density modulation.
- codewords of the code can be subdivided into several code classes, sorted by the number of their one-bits. Each code class represents a specific energy / power used by a consumer. If now a consumer is to be controlled with a predeterminable energy / power, which is associated with a code word comprising several code words, their codewords according to the invention in particular stochastically alternating, so random or quasizufallslitis alternating, or else used deterministically varying.
- a subset of code words is selected from the number of code words of a code class, and that the code words of this subset are used to form the drive signal, the subset being at least two and less than the number of code words of the relevant one Code class includes.
- the at least two control signals do not correlate with one another and / or only after a prescribable number of clocks, eg. B. only after 256, 512, 1024, 2048 or 4096 clocks for one or a few bars correlate with each other.
- This measure serves to suppress the formation and / or the effects of disturbances.
- correlation is meant that the auto or cross correlation function assumes a value above a predetermined threshold for predetermined intervals.
- the selection of the code words from a code class, which are represented by the drive signals of the drive unit is randomly controlled, quasi randomly controlled, arbitrarily varying or deterministically varying.
- the drive signals only from such code classes, which comprise a plurality of codewords represent codewords having a relation to the number n of the bits of the multi-bit code percentage of one-bit, between a predetermined lower and a predetermined upper limit and / or within one or more predetermined ranges.
- the or one of the predetermined ranges is between 30% and 70%, in particular between 45% and 55%.
- the lighting device of the present invention may further include, if desired, a data bus coupled to the drive unit for receiving data signals over the data bus that enable the drive unit to drive the drive units with the drive signals required to produce a desired mixed color light.
- the lighting device according to the invention may further comprise a color table, in which for each group of lighting means the desired color of the light to be emitted by the light emitting means code classes are given.
- the lighting device has a color sensor for detecting the color of the light emitted by the lighting means for controlling the color by the drive unit.
- the drive unit controls the color temperature of the light source based on a desired and an actual color temperature value by the maximum current and / or the maximum voltage and / or the maximum energy of the respective drive signal is controlled.
- the supply of a consumer with electrical power adapted to its potential "property losses" and thus they are compensated.
- Background of this measure is that a consumer when triggered by the invention generated signals with code words from the same code class can react differently. This is because the location of the one-bits of the codewords of the same code class is different. So z. B.
- the consumer works so depending on the codeword and Sequence of one-bits of different lengths with the operating voltage defined by a one-bit or the corresponding operating current. This can z. B.
- this effect is corrected by a variable value (represented by a one-bit of the code) for the voltage, current or power to be supplied to the load.
- a variable value represented by a one-bit of the code
- the above finding can also be used to exclude those code words of a code class for a drive whose one-bit pattern for the operation of a consumer are less advantageous than other one-bit patterns of this code class.
- the clock frequency of the drive signals with which the code words are transmitted monofrequent or bandwidth limited with a lower limit frequency not equal to zero and an upper limit frequency and thus variable.
- a lower limit frequency not equal to zero and an upper limit frequency and thus variable.
- each drive signal representing a code word has a partial spectrum in the frequency domain and thus corresponds to a partial spectrum of each code word of each code class and that those code words whose partial spectra lie within a predefinable overall spectrum are potentially used for the formation of the drive signal become.
- the target specification that the (interference) spectrum should have a certain position and size is to be observed particularly advantageously.
- the invention solves the problem of uncontrolled EMC emissions through the use of random bit sequences or pseudo random bit sequences.
- Such random sequences and pseudorandom sequences have the property that approximately 50% of the bits are 1 and approximately 50% of the bits are 0.
- a true random sequence is white noise. If such a sequence were used directly for controlling the light sources, in particular LEDs, their luminous intensity would also rush in frequency ranges that are perceived by the human eye. This is not wanted. It is therefore important that the random sequence is band limited. In particular, it is important that the amplitude of the control signal below a lower limit frequency ⁇ u is ideally zero or negligible for the application.
- T clk is the clock period for the shift operation.
- the back coupling is done by a simple primitive polynomial.
- T P is the lower limit frequency.
- a pseudo-random sequence always has a mean expected value of about 50% for a 1 and thus is not suitable for amplitude control. This raises the subtask of how to create a pseudorandom sequence, or better still, a random sequence with a given expectation value smaller or larger than 50%.
- this expectation value is referred to as "fill factor”, since it determines how many 1-bits average on how many 0-bits.
- the device according to the invention solves this subtask by means of at least two predefinable codes, which are transmitted at a constant clock rate.
- predefinable codes which are transmitted at a constant clock rate.
- a device consists of a plurality of light sources (106, 107, 108, R, G, B), which are connected via supply lines (102, 103, 104) each having a driver (TR1, TR2, TR3, DRV).
- a controller regulates the power and / or the current and / or the voltage which the respective driver (TR1, TR2, TR3, DRV) supplies to the lighting means (106, 107, 108, R, G, B).
- an LED circuit which may consist of parallel and series circuits of LEDs, this is preferably a current drive.
- a voltage or power control is equally useful.
- a channel (CHN) generates a signal (102, 103, 104) corresponding to a predetermined code, the active code, and the method described below.
- This active code (in the said example, a 4-bit code) may each be stored in a memory (CTAB) for the exemplary 16 codes resulting from said exemplary 4 bits.
- CTAB memory
- Such an exemplary code table is given below for the exemplary 4-bit code.
- the number of 1-bits in a code is divided by the length of the code as fill factor (also in bits) as a percentage.
- the maximum fill factor is therefore 100%.
- a numerical value of 0 of said exemplary 4-control bits of a power or current output of 0% and a fill factor of 0% should correspond to a radiation power of 100% and a filling factor of 100%.
- a 3-bit data word corresponds to the selection of the fill factor, each with a code class.
- a code may have more than 16-bits for the said example, the concrete code being selected, for example, by a 4-bit random number from the set of codes with the same filling factor.
- Codes of the same fill factor are combined into code classes.
- code classes In the example of a 4-bit long code, there are therefore five code classes, namely the Code class 0 with fill factor 0% with only one code, code class 1 with fill factor 25% with four codes, code class 2 with fill factor 50% with six codes, code class 3 with fill factor 75% with four Codes and the code class 4 with 100% fill factor again with only one code (see the right column of the table).
- the exchange can be done, for example, by generating a random or pseudorandom number (ZZ) in a random number generator (ZG), for example as described above, by means of a feedback shift register and a simple primitive polynomial implemented in the form of appropriate logic, for example; but not directly to control the lighting and / or the LED, but to select the active code to be used from the set of allowed and / or possible codes for the next transmission period from the codes of the given code class by a controller (CTR ) and defines this to be used active code.
- the code class corresponds to the desired fill factor. It corresponds in function to that of the duty cycle in a PWM.
- a fill factor for the drive signal can thus be determined, which deviates substantially from 50%, that is, at least in certain operating positions less than 45% and / or more than 55%.
- the entire drive signal generated by the controller becomes a bandlimited aperiodic quasi-random or random signal with a fill factor corresponding to the selected code class suitable for driving the lighting means and more particularly of LEDs.
- codes within a code class may be restricted due to EMC requirements. So it is conceivable, for example, based on the example discussed here, not to use all six codes with fill factor 50% (see table), but for example only two or even only one of these six possible codes. When using only one Code, however, would result in a periodic signal, since then yes no selection of the code due to the random signal can take place more and the drive signal would lose the property of a random signal.
- a code bit sequence 0010 could thus be transformed into the sequence 0110, wherein the first 1 of the sequence due to the low-pass characteristics of the driver (DRV, TR1, TR2, TR3), the leads (102, 103, 103) and the LEDs (106 , 107, 108, R, G, B) is not shown, so that again the desired code 0010 results as the active code effectively represented by the LEDs.
- the illumination device therefore in a specific embodiment typically comprises a plurality of light means and / or LEDs in at least two, but typically three or four or more different colors. These are typically designed to be connected to an electrical power supply.
- the power supply includes an electrical circuit and a common potential reference (105).
- the driver means (TR1, TR2, TR3, DRV) for operating the plurality of light emitters and / or LEDs are also part of the device.
- the driver means (TR1, TR2, TR3, DRV) are connected to the said light sources and / or LEDs and the circuit, and the respective current paths (102, 103, 104) comprise the switches and / or regulators corresponding to at least two differently colored light sources / LEDs , Furthermore, a control for the aperiodic and independent opening and closing of the at least two switches or at least two regulators is provided. In this case, under the opening and closing in the case of a said regulator, a reduction or increase in the energy throughput by the respective controller should be understood.
- the controller is connected to a wired or wireless data network and / or a data line and / or a data bus.
- the controller may have a variable from the outside by means of programming or with the aid of an address generator, which is part of the device variable bus address.
- This bus address is used by the device to z. B. from the data stream data, in particular data packets or other data messages, filter out. It thus identifies the respective proportion of an assigned input data flow and reacts thereto typically by changing a parameter of the device.
- CTAB code or parts of the code table
- CTAB code table
- CTAB code table
- CTAB code table
- the selection of the active codes is influenced by specifications via the said data interface.
- typically at least two of the luminous means are LEDs.
- the controller (101) typically generates a plurality of drive signals (102, 103, 104) by means of the drivers (TR1, TR2, TR3).
- the drive signals (102, 103, 104) do not correlate with each other. This non-correlation may also refer only to portions of the signals. For example, it is conceivable that a correlation only occurs after 256 or 512 or 1024 or 2048 or 4096 cycles, which does not correspond to the technical optimum. Non-corellation is not mandatory.
- Each of the drive signals (102, 103, 104) corresponds in each case to one color of the plurality of LEDs (106, 107, 108, R, G, B) and / or light sources of different colors.
- each of the drive signals (102, 103, 104) is generated by at least one respective switch or controller associated with the respective drive signal for opening and closing in accordance with the respective logic state of the internal drive signal (S) of the respective channel also associated with the respective drive signal (CHN) of the control unit (101) is caused.
- the frequency spectrum of the amount of the frequency of the drive signal as described above, band-limited. This means that the signal has a lower limit frequency ⁇ u and / or an upper limit frequency ⁇ o .
- said data flow component determines the data for determining the respective active regions of the transmission codes which emit the at least two differently colored LEDs. It is particularly advantageous if the data flow component, that is to say typically a data packet intended for the device, determines a predefined or preprogrammed color palette in the form of a subset of the possible active codes.
- the device therefore has, per light source, a subdevice which converts the subset of the possible active codes corresponding to this data flow component into a random sequence of on and off signals and in particular into a drive signal (S) for the said switch with the preselected fill factor.
- the controller comprises at least two registers for controlling the at least two differently colored lamps / LEDs.
- registers are respectively used to store values, for example the one mentioned Data interface receives from a data flow.
- These data flow components in particular data packets, are then assigned to the respective differently colored lamps / LEDs and, for example, each specify the said fill factor and thus the active code class. This can happen on the one hand in the form that the content of the data flow component directly reflects the fill factor that is to be used or, on the other hand, in such a way that the content of the data flow component directly or indirectly refers to the fill factor via further tables, which should be used.
- color palettes are conceivable, which can then refer to the register contents. This is particularly efficient when z. B. a restriction to 16 colors takes place. In this case, not all data, but for example, only a 4-bit data word for the color must be transmitted.
- the fill factor of each individual drive signal (102, 103, 104, Out) is then determined using the color palette.
- the device may conveniently have a controller adapted to adjust the code fill factor appropriately. As described above, it is determined which type of code may be used at all. In the example of a four-bit code shown here, the possible filling factors of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of the exemplary code classes 0 to 4 result Filling factors close to the value of 50% each, the maximum number of code variations possible. If this code is sent to a light source or an LED, then the average duty cycle per duty cycle is equal to the product of code transmission time and fill factor. This means that the behavior is analogous to that of a PWM in which the data values for determining the average duty cycle per time unit are assigned to the associated color LEDs (general color lamps).
- the controller comprises at least one further register for the control of the at least two differently colored lamps or LEDs.
- this third register or this third register part is used in each case for storing a third value, which, for example, the said data interface also receives from a data flow.
- the direct use of the value is possible, but also the indirect use of a color palette possibly associated with the code palette.
- the content of the third value refers to the correct code table.
- This data flow component in particular a data packet, is allocated when the active code table is used directly and controls, for example, the selection of the codes from the code table.
- the device It is basically useful to provide the device with a housing which essentially surrounds the plurality of light sources or LEDs, the driver means (TR1, TR2, TR3, DRV) and the said controller (101).
- the device comprises an electrical regulator for controlling the maximum currents supplied via the current paths to the plurality of LEDs so as to keep the maximum currents at constant maximum values. This has the advantage that the color temperature of the LEDs can be kept constant.
- the amplitude of the pulse signal is typically also regulated.
- the device can be connected and / or provided with a color sensor which allows the control unit (101) to adjust the fill factor and / or the color temperature of the lamps or LEDs in such a way that the desired color emission or color reflection of the irradiated object is achieved ,
- the device comprises an electrical regulator for controlling the maximum energy supplied via the current paths to the plurality of light-emitting means or LEDs so as to keep the maximum energy absorbed by the light-emitting means or LEDs at constant maximum values.
- an electrical regulator for controlling the maximum energy supplied via the current paths to the plurality of light-emitting means or LEDs so as to keep the maximum energy absorbed by the light-emitting means or LEDs at constant maximum values.
- the device comprises a regulator for controlling the maximum currents supplied via the current paths to the plurality of LEDs or the maximum electrical energy, so as to keep the maximum currents and / or maximum energy at constant maximum values, the housing substantially additionally to the plurality of LEDs, the driver means (TR1, TR2, TR3, DRV) and the controller (101) now also surrounds the regulator (PWR).
- a regulator for controlling the maximum currents supplied via the current paths to the plurality of LEDs or the maximum electrical energy, so as to keep the maximum currents and / or maximum energy at constant maximum values
- the housing substantially additionally to the plurality of LEDs, the driver means (TR1, TR2, TR3, DRV) and the controller (101) now also surrounds the regulator (PWR).
- the controller for identifying and responding to an input data flow component, ie the respective data packet, in accordance with a LIN data protocol and / or a Flexray data protocol and / or a CAN data protocol and / or a KNX Data protocol and / or an IP data protocol and / or a USB data protocol and / or an HDMI data protocol set up. It is of particular importance if the institution can independently determine its position in the network. It is particularly advantageous if the device has a first data interface and a second data interface. The transmission from the first data interface to the second data interface should preferably depend on whether the data interface has already received a valid bus address. If this is not the case, the data packets are not forwarded.
- the device has a radio interface and / or a Bluetooth interface and / or a WLAN interface.
- each input data flow component advantageously comprises in each case one data word of one or a plurality of bits or bytes for each luminous means or LED color.
- the byte contains 8 data bits for setting the intensity of the respective LED color within a range corresponding to the decimal numbers 0 to 255.
- the controller is set up to control the filling factor of the respectively applied codes in accordance with the bit content of the respective data word.
- the plurality of light sources or LEDs comprises red and / or green and / or blue and / or yellow and / or white bulbs or LEDs and / or UV bulbs or LEDs and / or IR Lamps or LEDs.
- the plurality of light sources or LEDs may comprise a serial and / or parallel arrangement of light sources or LEDs.
- Such a device according to the invention can be used in a lighting network.
- a lighting network according to the invention comprises a central controller for generating said input data flow and a plurality of lighting devices as described above.
- each of the lighting devices should be arranged to receive the data flow and to set its variable bus address during the initialization phase unlike the other lighting devices of the lighting network and in contrast to the prior art, to ensure that the lighting devices to different proportions of Input data flow react. It is therefore particularly advantageous if each of the lighting devices has a device to generate a variable network address (bus address) itself, which preferably depends on the position in the lighting network. Exemplary methods for this are in DE-B-102 56 631 . EP-B-1 490 772 . EP-B-1 364 288 and / or in EP-A-2 571 200 disclosed.
- the control provides, for example, a bus address to all bus subscribers (lighting device) at the same time and the bus subscribers decide whether this bus address is suitable for the respective bus subscriber. If this decision is positive, the bus participant accepts the provided bus address and signals to all other bus participants that this bus address has been taken over or that now the transfer of the next bus address by another bus participant should be done. This signaling can take place, for example, by passing the data flow from said first data interface of the lighting device to said second data interface of the lighting device and vice versa from the time at which the variable bus address of the lighting device has been adopted.
- the bus address is not concretely assigned to a bus subscriber. It is thus the case that the control system sends a bus address to the network, ie to all bus subscribers (free) provides. Individual bus participants decide independently according to this procedure whether they use this bus address. It is thus not an assignment with respect to a single bus participant, but the assignment of the bus address to a network position.
- the particular advantage of this method is that the individual bus users receive their bus address due to their position and do not have to be preconfigured.
- bus user may also be appropriate for the bus user to maintain the address table of all network addresses (bus addresses) of the lighting network used.
- the bus user selects one of the bus addresses independently, determined by the position in the cable harness.
- Fig. 1 shows the spectrum of a bipolar PWM according to the prior art.
- Fig. 2 shows the schematic structure of an exemplary device 100 according to the invention with three groups of RGB bulbs 108, 107, 106, in particular in the form of LEDs.
- a group can also contain only one light source and other electrical components and devices.
- the control unit 101 has a data interface 109 in this example. Via this data interface 109, the device 100 according to the invention communicates with the lighting network in which the device 100 according to the invention is integrated.
- the control unit 101 outputs three drive signals 102, 103, 104 with which the groups of RGB lamps 106, 107, 108 are operated.
- the light source group marked with "R” should emit red light
- the blue light group marked with "B” emit blue light
- the light source group marked with "G” emit green light.
- the first drive signal 102 is associated with the red-emitting light-emitting group 108, the second drive signal 103 associated with the blue-emitting light-emitting means group 107 and the third Drive signal 104 of the green radiating light source group 106 assigned. All components 101, 106, 107, 108 are connected via a reference potential 105. In a motor vehicle, this reference potential is preferably connected to the body.
- Fig. 3 shows an exemplary basic system clock 1 ', which determines the position of the edges of the drive signal 4'. The time is shown from left to right.
- the codes 2 ' which are respectively active, are shown.
- the possible exemplary codes with exemplary code length four are listed in the table above. These are the exemplary 4-bit codes already shown. In reality, as mentioned, other and especially larger code lengths make sense. Since the codes have a code length of four bits, a new random number 5 'is determined with every fourth clock of the basic system clock 1', and then the corresponding code is selected as the new active code 2 '.
- the method for determining the random number 5 ' is preferably selected so that all codes of the currently active filling factor can be selected with the same probability. In the example, the active fill factor is 50%.
- the base system clock 1 instead of monofrequent, as in Fig. 3 even within predeterminable frequency limits (with the lower limit not equal to zero) bandwidth limited, which would lead to an asynchronous clocking of the system.
- Fig. 4 11 shows an example implementation of the control unit 101.
- the exemplary control unit has a microcontroller .mu.C, which together with a memory unit RAM / ROM / FLASH and the clock generator CLK Microcomputer system forms.
- the subdevices of the exemplary microcomputer system are interconnected via an internal data and control bus IBUS. Connected to this internal data and control bus IBUS is a data interface IF, via which the microcontroller .mu.C can communicate with the remainder of the lighting network.
- the data interface IF is connected to the external bus EBUS, which together with the aforementioned data interface (IF) with the aforementioned external data interface (109) of the Fig. 2 is identical.
- a power supply PWR powers the device.
- the power supply PWR receives the electrical energy via an external power connection EXTPWR. It is advantageous if the microcontroller .mu.C can query its state via the internal bus IBUS and thereby possibly change the power of the device.
- a switch-on detection circuit PWRst returns the device to a defined state when the external power supply of the device is turned on via the external power terminal EXTPWR.
- address generation AdrGen attempts to generate a bus address assigned only once in the lighting network. This is provided to the interface IF. This basic computer system largely corresponds to the state of the art.
- the device according to the invention now has a respective channel CHN, CHN1, CHN2, CHN3 via a driver device DRV, TR1, TR2, TR3 with an output signal Out, each one of said drive signals 102, 103, 104 as output signal Out for one of the aforementioned groups generated by RGB bulbs 108, 106, 107.
- a driver device DRV TR1, TR2, TR3 with an output signal Out
- each one of said drive signals 102, 103, 104 as output signal Out for one of the aforementioned groups generated by RGB bulbs 108, 106, 107.
- the controller generates with the help of the time base CLK a random number generator ZG a random number ZZ and makes this a controller CTR available.
- the controller generates the drive signal S by means of the time base CLK, the code table CTAB and a register value REG which determines the fill factor. This is converted by a driver DRV to the said low-ohm output signal Out.
- the driver may include a controller that controls the maximum level of the out signal according to a default. This specification can be used externally, for example via a register or by measuring the color temperature. The controller can thereby regulate the maximum current or the maximum energy or the maximum voltage. A regulation of the maximum current is particularly advantageous.
- the controller is in this sense a part of the driver.
- the driver has at least one first switch which, depending on the drive signal S, connects the driver output Out to the energy source, preferably via the controller.
- the driver will have a push-pull stage with two switches of which the additional second switch will connect the output Out to, for example, the reference potential 105 only when the other aforementioned first switch is open. As switches, bipolar or field effect transistors or the like are typically used.
- the driver DRV is powered by the power supply PWR with energy.
- the reference potential 105 is supplied via a separate terminal Ref.
- the current of the drivers TR1, TR2, TR3, DRV is fed back from the RGB lamps 106, 107, 108 and LEDs.
- three channels CHN are necessary.
- only one channel CHN is shown as representative of the plurality of channels CHN1, CHN2, CHN3 of a controller 101.
- the drive signals in the sequence always include a signal out for a single channel.
- this signal Out represents a plurality of drive signals 102, 103, 104 when multiple channels CHN1, CHN1, CHN3 are used. In the example of the three drive signals 102, 103, 104, these are therefore likewise encompassed by the more general term Out.
- Fig. 5 shows an exemplary lighting network with a central control unit CENTR and four exemplary devices 100 according to the invention, which are interconnected via a star-shaped bus.
- Fig. 6 shows an exemplary lighting network with a central control unit CENTR and four exemplary inventive devices 100, which are interconnected via a sequential bus. Each of the devices has an additional second data interface. This makes it possible to carry out a method of determining the variable bus address as in DE-B-102 56 631 .
- Fig. 7 shows an exemplary schematic device according to the invention with two interfaces IF1, IF2, which are each connected to a data bus EBUS1, EBUS2.
- This device is appropriate for a bus system Fig. 6 suitable.
- the device also has an example of a radio interface TX / RX.
- Fig. 8 shows an exemplary schematic device 200 with connected to a star inductive loads 206, 207, 208.
- the control device 201 described above generates by means of three channels CHN1, CHN2, CHN3, each with a driver TR, a control signal 202, 203, 204. From the state It is known in the art that such constructions are suitable, for example, to drive the stator field coils of brushless DC motors.
- the drivers TR must be suitable for the control of inductive loads.
- An exemplary embodiment of such a driver stage is off EP-A-2 688 209 known.
- the neutral point serves as the potential reference 205.
- the control device 201 is again controlled via a data bus.
- Such constructions are preferably used for the production of rotary fields.
- Fig. 9 shows a device similar to the Fig. 8 with the difference that now the star point 205 is controlled via another channel CHN4 and an associated driver TR.
- the output of the driver 210 drives a separate neutral inductance.
- the goal is typically that the neutral point voltage is 0 V.
- Such a topology is useful, for example, if the information of the measuring means of the channels CHN1, CHN2, CHN3, CHN4 also used to determine the position of the rotor of a rotating machine, such as a brushless DC motor should be.
- Fig. 10 shows a device similar to the Fig. 9 with the difference that the reference potential of the control device 201 is no longer connected to the star point.
- Fig. 11 shows a device similar to the one in FIG Fig. 8 with the difference that the inductors are now connected in a triangle.
- Fig. 12 shows another pertinent application where the possibilities of improving the electromagnetic compatibility can be discussed particularly well.
- the device here has only a single channel CHN1.
- the latter controls the line 302 via the driver TR.
- the line has a parasitic inductance 308 and a parasitic capacitance 312. It would be the task of the circuit 300 to supply a load 307, for example an LED, with electrical energy in such a way that the resonant circuit of the inductor 308 and capacitance 307 does not oscillate due to the switching operations or, if this is to happen, quickly oscillates ,
- the problem is not limited to the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit consisting of inductance 308 and capacitance 312, but typically also extends to harmonics of the resonant frequency. For example, it is typically possible to specify a sensitivity spectrum e (f) as a function of the frequency.
- e (f) a sensitivity spectrum
- the control unit stores at least one time-limited sequence of the transmitted codes and thus the transmitted bit sequence. Before the transmission of a code this is checked by the controller 201 on suitability. The most suitable code is sent.
- the code with the lowest excitation in this example the code with the lowest rating, is selected for the transmission. If the application is known very precisely, the code to be selected or a sequence of codes to be selected can already be predicted in the design phase for various filling factors and stored in the device or hardwired.
- the system therefore selects the code which, with regard to the evaluation of the electromagnetic compatibility - in this case the exemplary oscillation of a series resonant circuit - and the evaluation of the result for the user, represents the optimum characteristics in the sense of an optimal compromise.
- the exact evaluation function with respect to these two evaluation dimensions should fluctuate greatly from one application to the next, so it should stay with these examples.
Landscapes
- Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
- Compression, Expansion, Code Conversion, And Decoders (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Anmeldung nimmt die Prioritäten der beiden europäischen Patentanmeldungen
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Beleuchtungsvorrichtung und insbesondere eine Vorrichtung zur Einstellung mehrfarbiger Lichtszenen in Kfz.The invention relates to a lighting device and more particularly to a device for setting multi-colored light scenes in a motor vehicle.
Die Verfügbarkeit mehrfarbiger LEDs als bevorzugtes Beispiel von Leuchtmitteln ermöglicht die Einstellung verschiedener Lichtszenen insbesondere in Innenräumen. Ganz besondere Bedingungen herrschen dabei im Innern von Kfz. Im Stand der Technik sind verschiedene Vorrichtungen bekannt, bei denen eine PWM Ansteuerung zur Regelung der Helligkeit verwendet wird.The availability of multicolor LEDs as a preferred example of illuminants enables the setting of different light scenes, especially indoors. Very special conditions prevail in the interior of motor vehicles. In the prior art, various devices are known in which a PWM control is used to control the brightness.
Die PWM Modulation ist mit einigen Nachteilen insbesondere im Hinblick auf EMV-Aspekte behaftet, was nachfolgend im Einzelnen beschrieben werden soll. Zur Einführung sei zunächst auf eine Definition der PWM nach dem Stand der Technik verwiesen.The PWM modulation has some disadvantages, in particular with regard to EMC aspects, which will be described in detail below. For introduction, reference is first made to a definition of the PWM according to the prior art.
Die Pulsweitenmodulation (PWM) respektive Pulslängenmodulation (siehe auch "
Im Stand der Technik sind beispielsweise Beleuchtungsvorrichtungen bekannt, die eine Mehrzahl von Lichtstrahlern in zumindest zwei verschiedenen Farben umfassen, die darauf ausgelegt sind, an einen Stromkreis gekoppelt zu werden, der eine Stromquelle sowie eine gemeinsame Potentialreferenz und Treiber (TR1, TR2, TR3, DRV) zum Betreiben der Mehrzahl von Lichtstrahlern enthält, von denen zumindest zwei mit der Mehrzahl von Lichtstrahlern und dem Stromkreis verschaltet sind und den jeweiligen Strompfaden der zumindest zwei verschiedenfarbigen Lichtstrahler entsprechende Schalter umfassen. Des Weiteren enthält besagte Beleuchtungsvorrichtung aus dem Stand der Technik eine Steuerung zum periodischen und unabhängigen Öffnen und Schließen von zumindest zwei Schaltern. Dabei besitzt die Steuerung eine ihr von außen zugewiesene, veränderliche Bus-Adresse, um den Adress-Anteil eines Eingangsdatenflusses zu identifizieren und darauf zu reagieren, wobei der Datenflussanteil, insbesondere ein adressiertes Datenpaket, dieser Steuerung zugewiesen ist. Dabei ist diese Beleuchtungsvorrichtung aus dem Stand der Technik insbesondere dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Lichtstrahler eine LED ist und die Steuerung eine Mehrzahl von PWM-Signalen erzeugt, wobei jedes PWM-Signal jeweils einer LED der Mehrzahl von LEDs verschiedener Farben zugeordnet ist und jedes der PWM-Signale einen entsprechenden der zumindest zwei Schalter zum Öffnen und Schließen mit entsprechenden Frequenzen gemäß den jeweiligen Arbeitszyklen veranlasst und wobei der Datenflussanteil Daten zur Bestimmung der jeweiligen Arbeitszyklen der zumindest zwei verschiedenfarbigen LEDs umfasst (siehe z. B.
Das Spektrum strahlt sehr stark auch noch in höheren Frequenzen. Dies kann beträchtliche EMV-Probleme verursachen.The spectrum radiates very strong even in higher frequencies. This can cause considerable EMC problems.
Aus
Weitere Verfahren zur Erzeugung von kodierten Ansteuersignalen sind beschrieben in
Eine Beleuchtungsvorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 ist in
Die Erfindung löst die Aufgabe, eine Vorrichtung zur Versorgung von Lichtstrahlern und/oder LEDs mit elektrischer Energie bereitzustellen, wobei ein Störspektrum mit verringerter Amplitude und ein im Gegensatz zum Stand der Technik in gewissen Grenzen modellierbares Störspektrum entstehen.The invention solves the problem of providing a device for supplying light emitters and / or LEDs with electrical energy, wherein an interference spectrum with reduced amplitude and in contrast to the prior art within certain limits modelable interference spectrum arise.
Diese Aufgabe wird mit einer Vorrichtung gemäß dem Anspruch 1 gelöst. Einzelne Aspekte der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved with a device according to
Eine später in der Beschreibung angegebene Teilaufgabe ist die Bereitstellung eines Pseudozufallssignals mit einem Füllfaktor, der von 50% abweicht.A subtask given later in the description is to provide a pseudo-random signal with a fill factor that deviates from 50%.
Die Erfindung schlägt eine Beleuchtungsvorrichtung vor, die versehen ist mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1. Einzelne Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.The invention proposes a lighting device which is provided with the features of
Erfindungsgemäß werden die Leuchtmittel mittels eines Ansteuersignals angesteuert, das mittels binärer Codewörter moduliert ist, was auch als Pulsdichtemodulation oder als Spread Spektrum Pulsdichtemodulation bezeichnet werden kann. Die Codewörter des Codes lassen sich, nach der Anzahl ihrer Eins-Bits sortiert, in mehrere Code-Klassen unterteilen. Jede Code-Klasse repräsentiert dabei eine bestimmte Energie/Leistung, mit der ein Verbraucher betrieben wird. Soll nun ein Verbraucher mit einer vorgebbaren Energie/Leistung angesteuert werden, die einer mehrere Codewörter umfassenden Code-Klasse zugeordnet ist, so werden deren Codewörter erfindungsgemäß insbesondere stochastisch wechselnd, also zufalls- oder quasizufallsgesteuert alternierend, oder aber auch deterministisch variierend verwendet. Das hat den Vorteil, dass das in Bezug auf die EMV zu beachtende (Stör-)Spektrum im Vorhinein wählbar ist bzw. begrenzt werden kann und sich damit ganz eindeutig von weißem Rauschen unterscheidet. Damit wiederum ist es wesentlich einfacher, die zur Sicherstellung der EMV erforderlichen Maßnahmen, die überdies selbst wesentlich einfacher zu realisieren sind, zu treffen.According to the invention, the lighting means are driven by means of a drive signal which is modulated by means of binary code words, which can also be referred to as pulse density modulation or as spread spectrum pulse density modulation. The codewords of the code can be subdivided into several code classes, sorted by the number of their one-bits. Each code class represents a specific energy / power used by a consumer. If now a consumer is to be controlled with a predeterminable energy / power, which is associated with a code word comprising several code words, their codewords according to the invention in particular stochastically alternating, so random or quasizufallsgesteuert alternating, or else used deterministically varying. This has the advantage that the (interference) spectrum to be considered with regard to the EMC can be selected or limited in advance and is thus clearly distinguished from white noise different. This, in turn, makes it much easier to take the measures required to ensure EMC, which, moreover, are much easier to implement.
Nach der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass aus der Anzahl von Codewörtern einer Code-Klasse eine Untermenge an Codewörtern ausgewählt ist, und dass die Codewörter dieser Untermenge zur Bildung des Ansteuersignals verwendet werden, wobei die Untermenge mindestens zwei und weniger als die Anzahl von Codewörtern der betreffenden Code-Klasse umfasst. Hierdurch lässt sich das potentiell von der erfindungsgemäßen Ansteuerung einer Vorrichtung ausgehende (Stör-)Spektrum nach Frequenzgang und Lage gezielt beeinflussen.According to the invention, it is provided that a subset of code words is selected from the number of code words of a code class, and that the code words of this subset are used to form the drive signal, the subset being at least two and less than the number of code words of the relevant one Code class includes. As a result, the (interfering) spectrum potentially starting from the activation of a device according to the invention can be specifically influenced by frequency response and position.
Erfindungsgemäß ist ferner vorgesehen, dass die mindestens zwei Ansteuersignale nicht miteinander korrelieren und/oder erst nach einer vorgebbaren Anzahl von Takten, z. B. erst nach 256, 512, 1024, 2048 oder 4096 Takten für einen oder wenige Takte miteinander korrelieren. Diese Maßnahme dient der Unterdrückung der Entstehung und/oder der Auswirkungen von Störungen. Mit "Korrelation" ist hierbei gemeint, dass die Auto- oder die Kreuzkorrelationsfunktion für vorgegebene Intervalle einen Wert oberhalb einer vorgegebenen Schwelle annimmt.According to the invention, it is further provided that the at least two control signals do not correlate with one another and / or only after a prescribable number of clocks, eg. B. only after 256, 512, 1024, 2048 or 4096 clocks for one or a few bars correlate with each other. This measure serves to suppress the formation and / or the effects of disturbances. By "correlation" is meant that the auto or cross correlation function assumes a value above a predetermined threshold for predetermined intervals.
Wie bereits oben dargelegt, ist es zweckmäßig, wenn die Auswahl der Code-wörter aus einer Code-Klasse, die durch die Ansteuersignale der Ansteuereinheit repräsentiert werden, zufallsgesteuert, quasi zufallsgesteuert, beliebig variierend oder deterministisch variierend ist.
In weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann vorgesehen sein, die Ansteuersignale lediglich aus solchen Code-Klassen, die mehrere Codewörter umfassen, Codewörter repräsentieren, die einen bezogen auf die Anzahl n der Bits des Mehrbit-Codes prozentualen Anteil an Eins-Bits aufweisen, der zwischen einer vorgegebenen unteren und einer vorgegebenen oberen Grenze und/oder innerhalb eines oder mehrere vorgegebener Bereiche liegt. Hierdurch ergibt sich beim Design einer Vorrichtung, bei der die Erfindung genutzt wird, ein weiterer Freiheitsgrad der Vorherbestimmung des (Stör-)Spektrums hinsichtlich dessen Frequenzgang(-gängen) und Lage(n). Vorzugsweise liegt der oder einer der vorgegebenen Bereiche zwischen 30 % und 70 %, insbesondere zwischen 45 % und 55 %.As already stated above, it is expedient if the selection of the code words from a code class, which are represented by the drive signals of the drive unit, is randomly controlled, quasi randomly controlled, arbitrarily varying or deterministically varying.
In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention can be provided, the drive signals only from such code classes, which comprise a plurality of codewords represent codewords having a relation to the number n of the bits of the multi-bit code percentage of one-bit, between a predetermined lower and a predetermined upper limit and / or within one or more predetermined ranges. This results in the design of a device in which the invention is used, another degree of freedom of predetermining the (interference) spectrum with regard to its frequency response (response) and position (s). Preferably, the or one of the predetermined ranges is between 30% and 70%, in particular between 45% and 55%.
Die erfindungsgemäße Beleuchtungsvorrichtung kann, falls gewünscht, ferner einen mit der Ansteuereinheit gekoppelten Datenbus zum Empfangen von Datensignalen über den Datenbus aufweisen, die die Ansteuereinheit befähigen, die Treibereinheiten mit den zur Erzeugung eines gewünschten Mischfarbenlichts erforderlichen Ansteuersignalen anzusteuern.The lighting device of the present invention may further include, if desired, a data bus coupled to the drive unit for receiving data signals over the data bus that enable the drive unit to drive the drive units with the drive signals required to produce a desired mixed color light.
Ferner kann es von Vorteil sein, wenn mindestens eine Code-Tabelle existiert, in der Codewörter der Code-Klassen oder zuvor ausgewählten Code-Klassen abgelegt sind.Furthermore, it may be advantageous if at least one code table exists in which code words of the code classes or previously selected code classes are stored.
Die erfindungsgemäße Beleuchtungsvorrichtung kann ferner eine Farb-Tabelle aufweisen, in der für jede Gruppe von Leuchtmitteln die der gewünschten Farbe des von den Leuchtmitteln abzugebenden Lichts zugeordneten Code-Klassen angegeben sind.The lighting device according to the invention may further comprise a color table, in which for each group of lighting means the desired color of the light to be emitted by the light emitting means code classes are given.
Für eine Farbregelung ist es zweckmäßig, wenn die erfindungsgemäße Beleuchtungsvorrichtung einen Farbsensor zur Erfassung der Farbe des von den Leuchtmitteln abgegebenen Lichts zur Regelung der Farbe durch die Ansteuereinheit aufweist.For a color control, it is expedient if the lighting device according to the invention has a color sensor for detecting the color of the light emitted by the lighting means for controlling the color by the drive unit.
In zweckmäßiger Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann ferner vorgesehen sein, dass die Ansteuereinheit die Farbtemperatur der Leuchtmittel anhand eines Soll- und eines Ist-Farbtemperaturwerts regelt, indem der Maximalstrom und/oder die Maximalspannung und/oder die Maximalenergie des jeweiligen Ansteuersignals geregelt wird. Hierdurch kann die Versorgung eines Verbrauchers mit elektrischer Leistung, an dessen potentielle "Eigenschaftsverluste" angepasst und damit diese kompensiert werden. Hintergrund dieser Maßnahme ist, dass ein Verbraucher bei Ansteuerung durch die erfindungsgemäß generierten Signale mit Codewörtern aus derselben Code-Klasse unterschiedlich reagieren kann. Das liegt daran, dass die Lage der Eins-Bits der Codewörter ein- und derselben Code-Klasse unterschiedlich ist. So können z. B. die Eins-Bits einzeln, d. h. voneinander durch Null-Bits getrennt, oder aber gruppenweise mit unterschiedlichen Anzahlen von direkt "aneinanderhängenden "Eins-Bits aufeinanderfolgen. Aufgrund des "Anlaufs" des Verbrauchers bei dessen pulsförmiger Ansteuerung, wie dies bei der erfindungsgemäßen Modulation (aber auch bei anderen Pulsmodulationsverfahren wie z. B. Puls-AmplitudenModulation (PAM), Puls-Frequenz-Modulation (PFM), Puls-Weiten-Modulation (PWM), Puls-Pausen-Modulation (PPM), Puls-Phasen-Modulation (PPM) und Puls-Position-Modulation (PPM), wie beispielsweise beim Manchester-Code) der Fall ist, arbeitet der Verbraucher also je nach Codewort und Aufeinanderfolge der Eins-Bits unterschiedlich lange mit der durch ein Eins-Bit definierten Betriebsspannung bzw. dem entsprechenden Betriebsstrom. Das kann z. B. bei Leuchtmitteln und insbesondere bei LEDs Einfluss auf deren Farbtemperatur haben. Daher wird dieser Effekt durch einen veränderlichen Wert (, der durch ein Eins-Bit des Codes repräsentiert wird) für die Spannung, den Strom oder die den Verbraucher zuzuführenden Leistung korrigiert. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann die obige Erkenntnis auch dazu genutzt werden, diejenigen Codewörter einer Code-Klasse für eine Ansteuerung auszuschließen, deren Eins-Bit-Muster für den Betrieb eines Verbrauchers weniger vorteilhaft als andere Eins-Bit-Muster dieser Code-Klasse sind.In an expedient embodiment of the invention can also be provided that the drive unit controls the color temperature of the light source based on a desired and an actual color temperature value by the maximum current and / or the maximum voltage and / or the maximum energy of the respective drive signal is controlled. As a result, the supply of a consumer with electrical power, adapted to its potential "property losses" and thus they are compensated. Background of this measure is that a consumer when triggered by the invention generated signals with code words from the same code class can react differently. This is because the location of the one-bits of the codewords of the same code class is different. So z. B. the one-bits individually, ie separated from each other by zero bits, or in groups with different numbers of directly "contiguous" one-bits follow each other. Due to the "start-up" of the consumer in its pulse-shaped control, as in the modulation according to the invention (but also in other pulse modulation methods such as pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM), pulse-frequency modulation (PFM), pulse-width modulation (PWM), pulse-pause modulation (PPM), pulse-phase modulation (PPM) and pulse position modulation (PPM), as in the case of the Manchester code) is the case, the consumer works so depending on the codeword and Sequence of one-bits of different lengths with the operating voltage defined by a one-bit or the corresponding operating current. This can z. B. have influence on the color temperature of lamps and in particular LEDs. Therefore, this effect is corrected by a variable value (represented by a one-bit of the code) for the voltage, current or power to be supplied to the load. Alternatively or additionally, the above finding can also be used to exclude those code words of a code class for a drive whose one-bit pattern for the operation of a consumer are less advantageous than other one-bit patterns of this code class.
In weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Taktfrequenz der Ansteuersignale, mit denen die Code-Wörter übertragen werden, monofrequent oder bandbreitenbegrenzt mit einer unteren Grenzfrequenz ungleich Null und einer oberen Grenzfrequenz und damit variabel ist. Hierdurch werden weitere Störspektren unterdrückt, was mit der asynchronen Taktung zu tun hat, wie sie vorstehend als vorteilhaft angegeben ist. In weiterer zweckmäßiger Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann es sinnvoll sein, wenn, falls erforderlich, innerhalb einer zeitlichen Aufeinanderfolge von Codewörtern einer Code-Klasse ein oder mehrere Codewörter einer oder mindestens einer anderen Code-Klasse übertragen werden. Hierbei ist anzumerken, dass eine derartige Modifikation, d. h. das "Einstreuen" von Codewörtern anderer Code-Klassen als derjenigen, die die elektrische Spannung, den elektrischen Strom oder die elektrische Leistung repräsentieren, mit der der Verbraucher aktuell versorgt werden soll, hinsichtlich der oben angegebenen Eigenschaftseinschränkungen eines Verbrauchers von Vorteil sein kann.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention can be provided that the clock frequency of the drive signals with which the code words are transmitted monofrequent or bandwidth limited with a lower limit frequency not equal to zero and an upper limit frequency and thus variable. As a result, further interference spectra are suppressed, which has to do with the asynchronous timing, as indicated above as advantageous. In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, it may be useful if, if necessary, within a temporal succession of code words of a code class one or more code words of one or at least one other code class are transmitted. It should be noted that such a modification, that is, the "scattering" of codewords of code classes other than those representing the electric voltage, the electric current or the electric power with which the load is to be currently supplied, with respect to the above Property restrictions of a consumer may be beneficial.
In weiterer zweckmäßiger Ausgestaltung kann vorgesehen sein, dass jedes ein Codewort repräsentierendes Ansteuersignal im Frequenzbereich ein Teilspektrum aufweist und somit jedem Codewort jeder Code-Klasse ein Teilspektrum entspricht und dass diejenigen Codewörter, deren Teilspektren innerhalb eines vorgebbaren Gesamtspektrums liegen, potentiell für die Bildung des Ansteuersignals verwendet werden. Hierdurch ist die Zielvorgabe, dass nämlich das (Stör-)Spektrum eine gewisse Lage und Größe aufweisen soll, besonders vorteilhaft einzuhalten.In a further expedient refinement, it can be provided that each drive signal representing a code word has a partial spectrum in the frequency domain and thus corresponds to a partial spectrum of each code word of each code class and that those code words whose partial spectra lie within a predefinable overall spectrum are potentially used for the formation of the drive signal become. As a result, the target specification that the (interference) spectrum should have a certain position and size is to be observed particularly advantageously.
Die Erfindung betrifft ferner eine Beleuchtungsanordnung mit
- mehreren Beleuchtungsvorrichtungen nach ein oder mehreren der zuvor genannten Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung,
- einer Zentral-Steuereinheit, die über einen Datenbus mit den Ansteuereinheiten der Beleuchtungsvorrichtungen gekoppelt ist,
- wobei über den Datenbus gelangende Datensignale Adressinformationen zur Adressierung einer oder mehrerer Beleuchtungsvorrichtungen und Nutzinformationen zur Versorgung der adressierten Beleuchtungsvorrichtung bzw. Beleuchtungsvorrichtungen mit den zur Erzeugung des jeweils gewünschten Farblichts durch diese erforderlichen Informationen aufweisen.
- a plurality of lighting devices according to one or more of the aforementioned embodiments of the invention,
- a central control unit, which is coupled via a data bus to the drive units of the lighting devices,
- wherein data signals passing via the data bus have address information for addressing one or more illumination devices and useful information for supplying the addressed illumination device or illumination devices with the information required for generating the respective desired colored light.
Die Erfindung löst das Problem der unkontrollierten EMV-Emissionen durch die Nutzung von Zufalls-Bit-Folgen oder Pseudozufalls-Bit-Folgen. Solche Zufallsfolgen und Pseudozufallsfolgen haben die Eigenschaft, dass ca. 50% der Bits 1 sind und ca. 50% der Bits 0 sind. Bei einer echten Zufallsfolge handelt es sich um weißes Rauschen. Würde eine solche Folge direkt für die Ansteuerung der Leuchtmittel, insbesondere von LEDs benutzt, so würde deren Leuchtstärke auch in Frequenzbereichen rauschen, die durch das menschliche Auge wahrgenommen werden. Dies ist nicht erwünscht. Es ist daher wichtig, dass die Zufallsfolge bandbegrenzt ist. Insbesondere ist es wichtig, dass die Amplitude des Steuersignals unterhalb einer unteren Grenzfrequenz ωu im Idealfall Null oder für den Anwendungszweck vernachlässigbar ist.The invention solves the problem of uncontrolled EMC emissions through the use of random bit sequences or pseudo random bit sequences. Such random sequences and pseudorandom sequences have the property that approximately 50% of the bits are 1 and approximately 50% of the bits are 0. A true random sequence is white noise. If such a sequence were used directly for controlling the light sources, in particular LEDs, their luminous intensity would also rush in frequency ranges that are perceived by the human eye. This is not wanted. It is therefore important that the random sequence is band limited. In particular, it is important that the amplitude of the control signal below a lower limit frequency ω u is ideally zero or negligible for the application.
Eine Möglichkeit, um ein bandbegrenztes Pseudozufallssignal zu generieren, ist die Nutzung rückgekoppelter Schieberegister. Wenn die Länge des Schieberegisters K Bits beträgt, so ist die maximale Periodendauer TP für ein solches rückgekoppeltes Schieberegister bis zur Wiederholung
Dabei bedeutet Tclk die Taktperiodendauer für den Schiebevorgang. Die Rücckopplung erfolgt durch ein einfach primitives Polynom. Hier sei auf die europäische Anmeldung
Es stellt sich somit die Teilaufgabe, wie eine Pseudozufallsfolge oder besser noch eine Zufallsfolge mit einem vorgegebenen Erwartungswert kleiner oder größer als 50% erzeugt werden kann.Where T clk is the clock period for the shift operation. The back coupling is done by a simple primitive polynomial. Here is the European application
This raises the subtask of how to create a pseudorandom sequence, or better still, a random sequence with a given expectation value smaller or larger than 50%.
Im Folgenden wird dieser Erwartungswert, ausgedrückt in %, mit "Füllfaktor" bezeichnet, da er bestimmt, wie viele 1-Bits im Mittel auf wie viele 0-Bits kommen.In the following, this expectation value, expressed in%, is referred to as "fill factor", since it determines how many 1-bits average on how many 0-bits.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung löst diese Teilaufgabe mit Hilfe von mindestens zwei vordefinierbaren Codes, die mit einer konstanten Taktrate gesendet werden. Im Folgenden wird ausschließlich das Beispiel eines 4-Bit-Codes besprochen, da dieser in den Zeichnungen und der Beschreibung kurz und vereinfacht dargestellt werden kann. In einer realen Anwendung dürften in analoger Weise wesentlich längere Codes zum Einsatz kommen. Insofern ist diese Beschreibung nur beispielhaft und beschränkt die Offenbarung ausdrücklich nicht auf diese Code-Länge.The device according to the invention solves this subtask by means of at least two predefinable codes, which are transmitted at a constant clock rate. In the following, only the example of a 4-bit code will be discussed, since this can be shown briefly and simplified in the drawings and the description. In a real application, much longer codes should be used in an analogous way. In this respect, this description is only exemplary and expressly does not limit the disclosure to this code length.
Eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung besteht aus mehreren Leuchtmitteln (106, 107, 108, R, G, B), die über Zuleitungen (102, 103, 104) mit jeweils einem Treiber (TR1, TR2, TR3, DRV) verbunden sind. Ein Controller regelt die Leistung und/oder den Strom und/oder die Spannung, die der jeweilige Treiber (TR1, TR2, TR3, DRV) an die Leuchtmittel (106, 107, 108, R, G, B) abgibt. Im Falle einer LED-Schaltung, die aus Parallel- und Serienschaltungen von LEDs bestehen kann, ist dies vorzugsweise eine Stromansteuerung. Eine Spannungs- bzw. Leistungssteuerung ist aber ebenso sinnvoll.A device according to the invention consists of a plurality of light sources (106, 107, 108, R, G, B), which are connected via supply lines (102, 103, 104) each having a driver (TR1, TR2, TR3, DRV). A controller regulates the power and / or the current and / or the voltage which the respective driver (TR1, TR2, TR3, DRV) supplies to the lighting means (106, 107, 108, R, G, B). In the case of an LED circuit, which may consist of parallel and series circuits of LEDs, this is preferably a current drive. A voltage or power control is equally useful.
Im Gegensatz zum Stand der Technik erzeugt in jedem der Treiber (TR1, TR2, Tr3, DRV) ein Kanal (CHN) ein Signal (102, 103, 104) entsprechend einem vorgegebenen Code, dem aktiven Code, und dem im Folgenden beschriebenen Verfahren.In contrast to the prior art, in each of the drivers (TR1, TR2, Tr3, DRV), a channel (CHN) generates a signal (102, 103, 104) corresponding to a predetermined code, the active code, and the method described below.
Dieser aktive Code (in dem besagten beispielsweise ein 4-bit-Code) kann jeweils in einem Speicher (CTAB) für die beispielhaften 16 Codes, die sich aus den besagten beispielhaften 4 Bits ergeben, abgelegt sein.This active code (in the said example, a 4-bit code) may each be stored in a memory (CTAB) for the exemplary 16 codes resulting from said exemplary 4 bits.
Eine solche beispielhafte Code-Tabelle (CTAB) wird im Folgenden für den besagten beispielhaften 4-Bit-Code angegeben. Als Füllfaktor wird im Folgenden die Anzahl der 1-Bits in einem Code (in Bits) geteilt durch die Länge des Codes (ebenfalls in Bits) als Prozentzahl angegeben. Der Maximale Füllfaktor beträgt demnach 100%.
In dem hier beschriebenen Beispiel zur Verdeutlichung der Erfindung soll ein Zahlenwert von 0 der besagten beispielhaften 4-Steuerbits einer Leistungs- oder Stromabgabe von 0% und einem Füllfaktor von 0% entsprechen. Ein Zahlenwert von 16, also der Zahlenwert des Codes, bei dem alle 4 Bits auf logisch 1 stehen, soll einer Abstrahlleistung von 100% und einem Füllfaktor von 100% entsprechen.In the example to illustrate the invention described here, a numerical value of 0 of said exemplary 4-control bits of a power or current output of 0% and a fill factor of 0%. A numerical value of 16, ie the numerical value of the code, with all 4 bits at logical 1, should correspond to a radiation power of 100% and a filling factor of 100%.
Dabei korrespondiert beispielsweise ein 3-Bit-Datenwort zur Selektion des Füllfaktors mit jeweils einer Code-Klasse.In this case, for example, a 3-bit data word corresponds to the selection of the fill factor, each with a code class.
Dabei ist es nicht notwendig, dass der Mittelwert der Bits eines Codes, d. h. der Füllfaktor, einem von außen vorgegebenen Zahlenwert, d. h. einem Datenwort, tatsächlich proportional ist. Es ist beispielsweise denkbar, dass eine Intensitätskennline durch unterschiedliche Codes implementiert wird. Für diesen Zweck kann ein Code beispielsweise über mehr als 16-Bit für das besagte Beispiel verfügen, wobei der konkrete Code beispielsweise durch eine 4-bit-Zufallszahl aus der Menge der Codes mit gleichen Füllfaktor ausgewählt wird.It is not necessary that the average of the bits of a code, i. H. the fill factor, an externally given numerical value, d. H. a data word, is actually proportional. For example, it is conceivable that an intensity characteristic is implemented by different codes. For this purpose, for example, a code may have more than 16-bits for the said example, the concrete code being selected, for example, by a 4-bit random number from the set of codes with the same filling factor.
So ist es beispielsweise sinnvoll, die physiologische Empfindlichkeit zu berücksichtigen.For example, it makes sense to consider the physiological sensitivity.
Im Folgenden wird zur Vereinfachung lediglich eine proportionale Zuordnung zwischen Datenwort und Füllfaktor betrachtet. Die Offenbarung wird dadurch aber nicht beschränkt. Es ist offensichtlich, dass zu einem Wert, bei dem N Bits der M Bits, die den Code bilden - in dem Beispiel 4 Bit -, einen logischen Wert von 1 haben
Es ist daher sinnvoll, die Codes von Periode zu Periode auszutauschen. Dabei werden Codes gleichen Füllfaktors zu Code-Klassen zusammengefasst. In dem Beispiel eines 4-Bit langen Codes gibt es daher fünf Code-Klassen, nämlich die Code-Klasse 0 mit Füllfaktor 0% mit nur einem Code, die Code-Klasse 1 mit Füllfaktor 25% mit vier Codes, die Code-Klasse 2 mit Füllfaktor 50% mit sechs Codes, die Code-Klasse 3 mit Füllfaktor 75% mit vier Codes und die Code-Klasse 4 mit Füllfaktor 100% mit wiederum nur einem Code (siehe die rechte Spalte der Tabelle).It therefore makes sense to exchange the codes from period to period. Codes of the same fill factor are combined into code classes. In the example of a 4-bit long code, there are therefore five code classes, namely the Code class 0 with fill factor 0% with only one code,
Der Austausch kann beispielsweise dadurch geschehen, dass beispielsweise wie oben beschrieben, mittels eines rückgekoppelten Schieberegisters und eines einfach primitiven Polynoms, das beispielsweise in Form einer entsprechende Logik implementiert ist, eine Zufalls- oder Pseudozufallszahl (ZZ) in einem Zufallsgenerator (ZG) erzeugt wird, die nun aber nicht direkt zur Ansteuerung der Leuchtmittel und/oder der LED, sondern zur Selektion des zu verwendenden aktiven Codes aus der Menge der erlaubten und/oder möglichen Codes für die nächste Sendeperiode aus den Codes der vorgegeben Code-Klasse durch einen Controller (CTR) genutzt wird und diesen zu verwendenden aktiven Code festlegt. Die Code-Klasse entspricht dabei dem gewünschten Füllfaktor. Sie entspricht in der Funktion derjenigen des Tastverhältnisses bei einer PWM. Durch die Selektion der Code-Klasse kann somit ein Füllfaktor für das Ansteuersignal festgelegt werden, der von 50% wesentlich abweicht, also zumindest in bestimmten Betriebslagen weniger als 45% und/oder mehr als 55% beträgt. Bei einer entsprechenden Länge der erzeugten Zufallsfolge wird daher das gesamte Ansteuersignal, das durch den Controller (CTR) erzeugt wird, zu einem bandbegrenzten aperiodischen Quasizufalls- oder Zufallssignal mit einem Füllfaktor entsprechend der gewählten Code-Klasse, das sich für die Ansteuerung der Leuchtmittel und besonders von LEDs eignet.The exchange can be done, for example, by generating a random or pseudorandom number (ZZ) in a random number generator (ZG), for example as described above, by means of a feedback shift register and a simple primitive polynomial implemented in the form of appropriate logic, for example; but not directly to control the lighting and / or the LED, but to select the active code to be used from the set of allowed and / or possible codes for the next transmission period from the codes of the given code class by a controller (CTR ) and defines this to be used active code. The code class corresponds to the desired fill factor. It corresponds in function to that of the duty cycle in a PWM. By selecting the code class, a fill factor for the drive signal can thus be determined, which deviates substantially from 50%, that is, at least in certain operating positions less than 45% and / or more than 55%. With a corresponding length of the generated random sequence, therefore, the entire drive signal generated by the controller (CTR) becomes a bandlimited aperiodic quasi-random or random signal with a fill factor corresponding to the selected code class suitable for driving the lighting means and more particularly of LEDs.
Die Selektion von Codes innerhalb einer Code-Klasse kann aufgrund von EMV-Anforderungen eingeschränkt werden. So ist es, beispielsweise bezogen auf das hier diskutierte Beispiel, denkbar, nicht alle sechs Codes mit Füllfaktor 50% (siehe Tabelle) zu verwenden, sondern beispielsweise nur zwei oder auch nur einen dieser sechs möglichen Codes. Bei der Verwendung von nur einem Code ergäbe sich allerdings ein periodisches Signal, da dann ja keine Auswahl des Codes aufgrund des Zufallssignals mehr stattfinden kann und das Ansteuersignal die Eigenschaft eines Zufallssignals verlieren würde.The selection of codes within a code class may be restricted due to EMC requirements. So it is conceivable, for example, based on the example discussed here, not to use all six codes with fill factor 50% (see table), but for example only two or even only one of these six possible codes. When using only one Code, however, would result in a periodic signal, since then yes no selection of the code due to the random signal can take place more and the drive signal would lose the property of a random signal.
Insbesondere bei mittleren Füllfaktoren der Codes (siehe Tabelle) sind im Übrigen auch sehr hohe Frequenzen möglich. Es besteht daher die Möglichkeit durch die besagte Selektion von bestimmten Codes und durch den Ausschluss von anderen Codes das spektrale Verhalten der Modulation zu steuern und beispielsweise nur solche Codes als aktive Codes zu erlauben, die vorzugsweise zu niedrigeren Störfrequenzen führen. Somit kann in Abhängigkeit von dem bisher abgestrahlten Spektrum oder dem erwarteten zukünftigen Abstrahlspektrum der nächste aktive Code oder die Menge an zulässigen aktiven Codes bestimmt werden. Auch sollte berücksichtigt werden, dass unter Umständen Codes, die hohe Frequenzanteile besitzen, durch die Ansteuerung, die Zuleitungen und die LEDs selbst aufgrund von deren Tiefpasseigenschaften nicht mehr dargestellt werden können. Insofern ist es sinnvoll, bestimmte kritische Codes entweder nicht darzustellen oder für sehr niedrige Leuchtstärken die Nichtlinearität der LEDs derart zu berücksichtigen, dass durch eine nichtlineare Abbildung der Codes diese auf darstellbare Codes als aktiver Code abgebildet werden. Eine Code-Bit-Folge 0010 könnte so zur Folge 0110 transformiert werden, wobei die erste 1 der Sequenz infolge der Tiefpasseigenschaften des Treibers (DRV, TR1, TR2, TR3), der Zuleitungen (102, 103, 103) und der LEDs (106, 107, 108, R, G, B) nicht dargestellt wird, so dass sich wieder der gewünschte Code 0010 als effektiv durch die LEDs dargestellter aktiver Code ergibt.In particular, at medium filling factors of the codes (see table) are also very high frequencies possible. It is therefore possible by the said selection of certain codes and by the exclusion of other codes to control the spectral behavior of the modulation and, for example, to allow only those codes as active codes, which preferably lead to lower interference frequencies. Thus, depending on the spectrum previously emitted or the expected future broadcast spectrum, the next active code or set of allowed active codes can be determined. It should also be considered that under certain circumstances codes that have high frequency components can no longer be represented by the drive, the leads and the LEDs themselves due to their low-pass characteristics. In this respect, it makes sense to either not represent certain critical codes or to take account of the non-linearity of the LEDs for very low luminous powers in such a way that a non-linear mapping of the codes these are mapped to representable codes as active code. A code bit sequence 0010 could thus be transformed into the sequence 0110, wherein the first 1 of the sequence due to the low-pass characteristics of the driver (DRV, TR1, TR2, TR3), the leads (102, 103, 103) and the LEDs (106 , 107, 108, R, G, B) is not shown, so that again the desired code 0010 results as the active code effectively represented by the LEDs.
Die erfindungsgemäße Beleuchtungsvorrichtung umfasst daher in einer speziellen Ausprägung typischerweise eine Mehrzahl von Lichtmitteln und/oder LEDs in mindestens zwei, typischerweise jedoch drei oder vier oder mehr verschiedenen Farben. Diese sind typischerweise darauf ausgelegt, an eine elektrische Energieversorgung angeschlossen zu werden. Die Energieversorgung enthält einen elektrischen Stromkreis und eine gemeinsame Potentialreferenz (105). Die Treibermittel (TR1, TR2, TR3, DRV) zum Betreiben der Mehrzahl von Lichtstrahlern und/oder LEDs sind ebenfalls Teil der Vorrichtung. Die Treibermittel (TR1, TR2, TR3, DRV) sind mit den besagten Leuchtmitteln und/oder LEDs und dem Stromkreis verschaltet sowie mit den jeweiligen Strompfaden (102, 103, 104) die zumindest zwei verschiedenfarbigen Leuchtmitteln/LEDs entsprechende Schalter und/oder Regler umfassen. Des Weiteren ist eine Steuerung zum aperiodischen und unabhängigen Öffnen und Schließen der zumindest zwei Schalter oder zumindest zwei Regler vorgesehen. Dabei soll unter dem Öffnen und Schließen im Falle eines besagten Reglers eine Verminderung oder Erhöhung des Energiedurchsatzes durch den jeweiligen Regler zu verstehen sein. Die Steuerung ist dabei an ein drahtgebundenes oder drahtloses Datennetzwerk und/oder eine Datenleitung und/oder einen Daten-Bus angeschlossen. Dabei kann die Steuerung eine von außen mittels Programmierung oder unter Zuhilfenahme eines Adressengenerators, der Teil der Vorrichtung ist, veränderliche Bus-Adresse aufweisen. Diese Bus-Adresse wird durch die Vorrichtung genutzt, um z. B. aus dem Datenstrom Daten, insbesondere Datenpakete oder andere Datenbotschaften, herauszufiltern. Sie identifiziert also den jeweiligen Anteil eines zugewiesenen Eingangsdatenflusses und reagiert darauf typischerweise durch Veränderung eines Parameters der Vorrichtung. Beispielsweise ist es denkbar, einen Code oder Teile der Code-Tabelle (CTAB) oder die ganze Code-Tabelle (CTAB) auszutauschen. An dieser Stelle sei darauf hingewiesen, dass die Größe der Code-Tabelle (CTAB) nicht notwendigerweise 2n betragen muss, wobei n die Länge des Codes bezeichnet. Es ist vielmehr denkbar, dass die Code-Tabelle (CTAB) wesentlich kürzer mit weniger Codes implementiert wird. Es ist also ein wesentliches mögliches Merkmal der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, dass die Selektion der aktiven Codes durch Vorgaben über die besagte Datenschnittstelle beeinflusst wird. Dabei sind typischerweise zumindest zwei der besagten Leuchtmittel LEDs. Die Steuerung (101) erzeugt typischerweise mittels der Treiber (TR1, TR2, TR3) eine Mehrzahl von Ansteuersignalen (102, 103, 104). Vorzugsweise korrelieren die Ansteuersignale (102, 103, 104) nicht miteinander. Diese Nicht-Korrelation kann sich auch nur auf Abschnitte der Signale beziehen. Es ist beispielsweise denkbar, dass eine Korrelation erst nach 256 oder 512 oder 1024 oder 2048 oder 4096 Takten auftritt, was aber nicht dem technischen Optimum entspricht. Die Nicht-Korellation ist aber nicht zwingend erforderlich. Jedes der Ansteuersignale (102, 103, 104) korrespondiert dabei jeweils mit einer Farbe der Mehrzahl von LEDs (106, 107, 108, R, G, B) und/oder Leuchtmitteln verschiedener Farben. Dabei wird jedes der Ansteuersignale (102, 103, 104) erzeugt, indem jeweils mindestens ein entsprechender, dem jeweiligen Ansteuersignal zugeordneter Schalter oder Regler zum Öffnen und Schließen entsprechend dem jeweiligen logischen Zustand des ebenfalls dem jeweiligen Ansteuersignal zugehörigen internen Ansteuersignals (S) des jeweiligen Kanals (CHN) der Steuereinheit (101) veranlasst wird. Dabei ist das Frequenzspektrum des Betrags der Frequenz des Ansteuersignals, wie oben beschrieben, bandbegrenzt. Das bedeutet, dass das Signal eine untere Grenzfrequenz ωu und/oder eine obere Grenzfrequenz ωo besitzt.The illumination device according to the invention therefore in a specific embodiment typically comprises a plurality of light means and / or LEDs in at least two, but typically three or four or more different colors. These are typically designed to be connected to an electrical power supply. The power supply includes an electrical circuit and a common potential reference (105). The driver means (TR1, TR2, TR3, DRV) for operating the plurality of light emitters and / or LEDs are also part of the device. The driver means (TR1, TR2, TR3, DRV) are connected to the said light sources and / or LEDs and the circuit, and the respective current paths (102, 103, 104) comprise the switches and / or regulators corresponding to at least two differently colored light sources / LEDs , Furthermore, a control for the aperiodic and independent opening and closing of the at least two switches or at least two regulators is provided. In this case, under the opening and closing in the case of a said regulator, a reduction or increase in the energy throughput by the respective controller should be understood. The controller is connected to a wired or wireless data network and / or a data line and / or a data bus. In this case, the controller may have a variable from the outside by means of programming or with the aid of an address generator, which is part of the device variable bus address. This bus address is used by the device to z. B. from the data stream data, in particular data packets or other data messages, filter out. It thus identifies the respective proportion of an assigned input data flow and reacts thereto typically by changing a parameter of the device. For example, it is conceivable to exchange a code or parts of the code table (CTAB) or the entire code table (CTAB). It should be noted that the size of the code table (CTAB) does not necessarily have to be 2 n , where n denotes the length of the code. It is rather conceivable that the code table (CTAB) is implemented much shorter with fewer codes. It is therefore an essential possible feature of the device according to the invention that the selection of the active codes is influenced by specifications via the said data interface. At the same time, typically at least two of the luminous means are LEDs. The controller (101) typically generates a plurality of drive signals (102, 103, 104) by means of the drivers (TR1, TR2, TR3). Preferably, the drive signals (102, 103, 104) do not correlate with each other. This non-correlation may also refer only to portions of the signals. For example, it is conceivable that a correlation only occurs after 256 or 512 or 1024 or 2048 or 4096 cycles, which does not correspond to the technical optimum. Non-corellation is not mandatory. Each of the drive signals (102, 103, 104) corresponds in each case to one color of the plurality of LEDs (106, 107, 108, R, G, B) and / or light sources of different colors. In this case, each of the drive signals (102, 103, 104) is generated by at least one respective switch or controller associated with the respective drive signal for opening and closing in accordance with the respective logic state of the internal drive signal (S) of the respective channel also associated with the respective drive signal (CHN) of the control unit (101) is caused. In this case, the frequency spectrum of the amount of the frequency of the drive signal, as described above, band-limited. This means that the signal has a lower limit frequency ω u and / or an upper limit frequency ω o .
In einer besonderen Ausprägung der Erfindung bestimmt der besagte Datenflussanteil, also typischerweise ein Datenpaket, die Daten zur Bestimmung der jeweiligen aktiven Bereiche der Sende-Codes, die die zumindest zwei verschiedenfarbigen LEDs aussenden. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn der Datenflussanteil, also typischerweise ein für die Vorrichtung bestimmtes Datenpaket, eine vordefinierte oder vorprogrammierte Farbpalette in Form einer Untermenge der möglichen aktiven Codes bestimmt. Die Vorrichtung verfügt daher je Leuchtmittel über eine Teilvorrichtung, die die diesem Datenflussanteil entsprechende Untermenge der möglichen aktiven Codes in eine Zufallssequenz von Ein- und Ausschaltsignalen und insbesondere in ein Ansteuersignal (S) für die besagten Schalter mit dem vorgewählten Füllfaktor umwandelt.In a particular embodiment of the invention, said data flow component, that is to say typically a data packet, determines the data for determining the respective active regions of the transmission codes which emit the at least two differently colored LEDs. It is particularly advantageous if the data flow component, that is to say typically a data packet intended for the device, determines a predefined or preprogrammed color palette in the form of a subset of the possible active codes. The device therefore has, per light source, a subdevice which converts the subset of the possible active codes corresponding to this data flow component into a random sequence of on and off signals and in particular into a drive signal (S) for the said switch with the preselected fill factor.
In einer weiteren Ausprägung der Erfindung umfasst die Steuerung zumindest zwei Register für die Ansteuerung der zumindest zwei verschiedenfarbigen Leuchtmittel/LEDs. Statt zweier Register können selbstverständlich auch Teile von Registern verwendet werden. Diese Register bzw. Registerteile werden jeweils zum Speichern von Werten verwendet, die zum Beispiel die besagte Datenschnittstelle aus einem Datenfluss erhält. Diese Datenflussanteile, insbesondere Datenpakete, werden dann den jeweiligen verschiedenfarbigen Leuchtmitteln/LEDs zugeordnet und geben beispielsweise jeweils den besagten Füllfaktor und damit die aktive Code-Klasse vor. Dies kann zum einen in direkter Weise geschehen in der Form, dass der Inhalt des Datenflussanteils direkt den Füllfaktor widerspiegelt, der verwendet werden soll oder zum anderen in der Weise geschehen, dass der Inhalt des Datenflussanteils auf den Füllfaktor direkt oder indirekt über weitere Tabellen verweist, die verwendet werden sollen. Beispielsweise ist die Verwendung von Farbpaletten denkbar, auf die dann der Registerinhalt verweisen kann. Dies ist besonders effizient, wenn z. B. eine Beschränkung auf 16 Farben stattfindet. In diesem Fall müssen nicht alle Daten, sondern beispielsweise nur ein 4-Bit-Datenwort für die Farbe übertragen werden.In a further embodiment of the invention, the controller comprises at least two registers for controlling the at least two differently colored lamps / LEDs. Of course, parts of registers can be used instead of two registers. These registers are respectively used to store values, for example the one mentioned Data interface receives from a data flow. These data flow components, in particular data packets, are then assigned to the respective differently colored lamps / LEDs and, for example, each specify the said fill factor and thus the active code class. This can happen on the one hand in the form that the content of the data flow component directly reflects the fill factor that is to be used or, on the other hand, in such a way that the content of the data flow component directly or indirectly refers to the fill factor via further tables, which should be used. For example, the use of color palettes is conceivable, which can then refer to the register contents. This is particularly efficient when z. B. a restriction to 16 colors takes place. In this case, not all data, but for example, only a 4-bit data word for the color must be transmitted.
Mit Hilfe dieses beispielhaften 4-Bit-Datenwortes wird dann der Füllfaktor jedes einzelnen Ansteuersignals (102, 103, 104, Out) mit Hilfe der Farbpalette bestimmt.With the aid of this exemplary 4-bit data word, the fill factor of each individual drive signal (102, 103, 104, Out) is then determined using the color palette.
Die Vorrichtung kann zweckmäßigerweise über eine Steuerung verfügen, die dafür eingerichtet ist, den Code-Füllfaktor geeignet einzustellen. Dabei wird wie oben beschrieben festgelegt, welche Art von Codes überhaupt verwendet werden dürfen. In dem hier dargestellten Beispiel eines vier Bit-Codes ergeben sich die möglichen Füllfaktoren von 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% und 100% der beispielhaften Code-Klassen 0 bis 4. Wie der Tabelle oben zu entnehmen ist, sind für die Füllfaktoren nahe dem Wert von 50% jeweils die maximale Anzahl an Code-Variationen möglich. Wird dieser Code an ein Leuchtmittel bzw. eine LED gesendet, so ist die mittlere Einschaltdauer pro Einschaltzyklus gleich dem Produkt aus Code-Transmissionsdauer und Füllfaktor. Das bedeutet, dass das Verhalten demjenigen einer PWM analog ist, bei der die Datenwerte zum Bestimmen der mittleren Einschaltdauer pro Zeiteinheit der zugehörigen Farb-LEDs (allg. Farb-Leuchtmittel) zugeordnet werden.The device may conveniently have a controller adapted to adjust the code fill factor appropriately. As described above, it is determined which type of code may be used at all. In the example of a four-bit code shown here, the possible filling factors of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of the exemplary code classes 0 to 4 result Filling factors close to the value of 50% each, the maximum number of code variations possible. If this code is sent to a light source or an LED, then the average duty cycle per duty cycle is equal to the product of code transmission time and fill factor. This means that the behavior is analogous to that of a PWM in which the data values for determining the average duty cycle per time unit are assigned to the associated color LEDs (general color lamps).
In einer weiteren Ausprägung der Erfindung umfasst die Steuerung zumindest ein weiteres Register für die Ansteuerung der zumindest zwei verschiedenfarbigen Leuchtmitteln bzw. LEDs. Statt dieses zusätzlichen dritten Registers können selbstverständlich auch Teile von Registern verwendet werden. Dieses dritte Register bzw. dieser dritte Registerteil wird jeweils zum Speichern eines dritten Wertes verwendet, den zum Beispiel die besagte Datenschnittstelle ebenfalls aus einem Datenfluss erhält. Auch hier ist wieder die direkte Verwendung des Wertes möglich, aber auch die indirekte Verwendung über eine der Farbpalette ggf. zugeordnete Code-Palette. In dem letzteren Fall verweist der Inhalt des dritten Wertes beispielsweise auf die richtige Code-Tabelle. Dieser Datenflussanteil, insbesondere ein Datenpaket, wird bei der direkten Verwendung der aktiven Code-Tabelle zugeordnet und steuert beispielsweise die Selektion der Codes aus der Code-Tabelle.In a further embodiment of the invention, the controller comprises at least one further register for the control of the at least two differently colored lamps or LEDs. Of course, parts of registers can be used instead of this additional third register. This third register or this third register part is used in each case for storing a third value, which, for example, the said data interface also receives from a data flow. Again, the direct use of the value is possible, but also the indirect use of a color palette possibly associated with the code palette. For example, in the latter case, the content of the third value refers to the correct code table. This data flow component, in particular a data packet, is allocated when the active code table is used directly and controls, for example, the selection of the codes from the code table.
Dabei ist es grundsätzlich sinnvoll, die Vorrichtung mit einem Gehäuse zu versehen, das im Wesentlichen die Mehrzahl von Leuchtmitteln bzw. LEDs, die Treibermittel (TR1, TR2, TR3, DRV) und die besagte Steuerung (101) umgibt.It is basically useful to provide the device with a housing which essentially surrounds the plurality of light sources or LEDs, the driver means (TR1, TR2, TR3, DRV) and the said controller (101).
In einer weiteren Ausprägung der Erfindung umfasst die Vorrichtung einen elektrischen Regler zum Steuern der über die Strompfade zu der Mehrzahl von LEDs gelieferten Maximalströme, um so die Maximalströme auf konstanten Maximalwerten zu halten. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass die Farbtemperatur der LEDs konstant gehalten werden kann.In a further embodiment of the invention, the device comprises an electrical regulator for controlling the maximum currents supplied via the current paths to the plurality of LEDs so as to keep the maximum currents at constant maximum values. This has the advantage that the color temperature of the LEDs can be kept constant.
Es wird also zusätzlich zur Vorgabe des Pulsmusters typischer Weise auch die Amplitude des Pulssignals geregelt.Thus, in addition to the specification of the pulse pattern, the amplitude of the pulse signal is typically also regulated.
Darüber hinaus kann die Vorrichtung mit einem Farbsensor verbunden und/oder versehen sein, der es der Steuereinheit (101) ermöglicht, den Füllfaktor und/oder die Farbtemperatur der Leuchtmittel bzw. LEDs so nachzuregeln, das die erwünschte Farbabstrahlung oder Farbreflektion des bestrahlten Objekts erzielt wird.In addition, the device can be connected and / or provided with a color sensor which allows the control unit (101) to adjust the fill factor and / or the color temperature of the lamps or LEDs in such a way that the desired color emission or color reflection of the irradiated object is achieved ,
So ist es beispielsweise sinnvoll, die Farbtemperatur eines Kanals (CHN, CHN1, CHN2, CHN3) immer dann zu messen, wenn die anderen Kanäle ausgeschaltet sind, was bei nicht korrelierten Ansteuersignalen (102, 103, 104, Out), die auf Zufallssignalen oder Pseudozufallszahlen beruhen, immer wieder der Fall sein wird. Dies ermöglicht es, durch Nachregelung des Maximalstroms und/oder der Maximalspannung und/oder der Maximalenergie die Farbtemperatur sehr einfach nachzuregeln.For example, it makes sense to measure the color temperature of one channel (CHN, CHN1, CHN2, CHN3) whenever the other channels are turned off, for non-correlated drive signals (102, 103, 104, Out), random signals, or Pseudo-random numbers are based, will be the case again and again. This makes it possible to readjust the color temperature very easily by readjusting the maximum current and / or the maximum voltage and / or the maximum energy.
In einer weiteren beispielhaften Ausprägung der Erfindung umfasst die Vorrichtung einen elektrischen Regler zum Steuern der über die Strompfade zu der Mehrzahl von Leuchtmitteln bzw. LEDs gelieferten Maximalenergie, um so die durch die Leuchtmittel bzw. LEDs aufgenommene Maximalenergie auf konstanten Maximalwerten zu halten. Eine solche Regelung hat im Gegensatz zur Regelung des Stromes den Vorteil, dass die Energiemenge, die umgesetzt wird unter Kontrolle gehalten werden kann.In a further exemplary embodiment of the invention, the device comprises an electrical regulator for controlling the maximum energy supplied via the current paths to the plurality of light-emitting means or LEDs so as to keep the maximum energy absorbed by the light-emitting means or LEDs at constant maximum values. Such a regulation has the advantage, in contrast to the regulation of the current, that the amount of energy that is converted can be kept under control.
In einer weiteren zweckmäßigen Ausprägung der Erfindung umfasst die Vorrichtung einen Regler zum Steuern der über die Strompfade zu der Mehrzahl von LEDs gelieferten Maximalströme oder der elektrischen Maximalenergie, um so die Maximalströme und/oder Maximalenergie auf konstanten Maximalwerten zu halten, wobei das Gehäuse im Wesentlichen zusätzlich zur Mehrzahl von LEDs, den Treibermitteln (TR1, TR2, TR3, DRV) und der Steuerung (101) nun auch den Regler (PWR) umgibt. Eine solche integrierte Lösung hat den Vorteil, dass die EMV Robustheit weiter erhöht wird.In a further expedient embodiment of the invention, the device comprises a regulator for controlling the maximum currents supplied via the current paths to the plurality of LEDs or the maximum electrical energy, so as to keep the maximum currents and / or maximum energy at constant maximum values, the housing substantially additionally to the plurality of LEDs, the driver means (TR1, TR2, TR3, DRV) and the controller (101) now also surrounds the regulator (PWR). Such an integrated solution has the advantage that the EMC robustness is further increased.
In einer weiteren vorzugsweisen Ausprägung der Erfindung ist die Steuerung zum Identifizieren und Reagieren auf einen Eingangsdatenflussanteil, also dem jeweiligen Datenpaket, in Übereinstimmung mit einem LIN-Datenprotokoll und/oder einem Flexray-Datenprotokoll und/oder einem CAN-Datenprotokoll und/oder einem KNX-Datenprotokoll und/oder einem IP-Datenprotokoll und/oder einem USB-Datenprotokoll und/oder einem HDMI-Datenprotokoll eingerichtet. Dabei ist es von besonderer Bedeutung, wenn die Einrichtung selbstständig ihre Position im Netzwerk feststellen kann. Ganz besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Vorrichtung dabei über eine erste Datenschnittstelle und eine zweite Datenschnittstelle verfügt. Die Durchleitung von der ersten Datenschnittstelle zur zweiten Datenschnittstelle sollte dabei vorzugsweise davon abhängen, ob die Datenschnittstelle bereits eine gültige Bus-Adresse erhalten hat. Sofern dies nicht der Fall ist, werden die Datenpakete nicht weitergeleitet.In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the controller for identifying and responding to an input data flow component, ie the respective data packet, in accordance with a LIN data protocol and / or a Flexray data protocol and / or a CAN data protocol and / or a KNX Data protocol and / or an IP data protocol and / or a USB data protocol and / or an HDMI data protocol set up. It is of particular importance if the institution can independently determine its position in the network. It is particularly advantageous if the device has a first data interface and a second data interface. The transmission from the first data interface to the second data interface should preferably depend on whether the data interface has already received a valid bus address. If this is not the case, the data packets are not forwarded.
Dementsprechend ist es auch sinnvoll, wenn die Vorrichtung über eine Funkschnittstelle und/oder eine Bluetooth Schnittstelle und/oder eine WLAN Schnittstelle verfügt.Accordingly, it is also useful if the device has a radio interface and / or a Bluetooth interface and / or a WLAN interface.
In einer weiteren Ausprägung der Erfindung umfasst jeder Eingangsdatenflussanteil vorteilhafterweise jeweils ein Datenwort aus einem oder einer Mehrzahl von Bits oder Bytes für jede Leuchtmittel- bzw. LED-Farbe. Dabei enthält das Byte 8 Datenbits zum Festlegen der Intensität der jeweiligen LED-Farbe innerhalb eines Bereichs, der den Dezimalzahlen 0 bis 255 entspricht. Die Steuerung ist dabei dafür eingerichtet, den Füllfaktor der jeweils angewandten Codes in Übereinstimmung mit dem Bitinhalt des jeweiligen Datenwortes zu steuern.In a further embodiment of the invention, each input data flow component advantageously comprises in each case one data word of one or a plurality of bits or bytes for each luminous means or LED color. The byte contains 8 data bits for setting the intensity of the respective LED color within a range corresponding to the decimal numbers 0 to 255. The controller is set up to control the filling factor of the respectively applied codes in accordance with the bit content of the respective data word.
In einer weiteren Ausprägung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung umfasst die Mehrzahl von Leuchtmitteln bzw. LEDs rote und/oder grüne und/oder blaue und/oder gelbe und/öder weiße Leuchtmittel bzw. LEDs und/oder UV-Leuchtmittel bzw. -LEDs und/oder IR-Leuchtmittel bzw. -LEDs.In a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, the plurality of light sources or LEDs comprises red and / or green and / or blue and / or yellow and / or white bulbs or LEDs and / or UV bulbs or LEDs and / or IR Lamps or LEDs.
Dabei kann grundsätzlich die Mehrzahl von Leuchtmitteln bzw. LEDs eine serielle und/oder parallele Anordnung von Leuchtmitteln bzw. LEDs umfassen.In principle, the plurality of light sources or LEDs may comprise a serial and / or parallel arrangement of light sources or LEDs.
Eine solche erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung kann in einem Beleuchtungsnetzwerk eingesetzt werden. Ein solches erfindungsgemäßes Beleuchtungsnetzwerk umfasst eine zentrale Steuerung zum Erzeugen des besagten Eingangsdatenflusses und eine Mehrzahl von Beleuchtungsvorrichtungen wie zuvor beschrieben. Dabei sollte jeder der Beleuchtungsvorrichtungen dafür eingerichtet sein, den Datenfluss zu empfangen und seine veränderliche Bus-Adresse während der Initialisierungsphase anders als die übrigen Beleuchtungsvorrichtungen des Beleuchtungsnetzwerks und im Gegensatz zum Stand der Technik selbst zu setzen, um sicherzustellen, dass die Beleuchtungseinrichtungen auf verschiedene Anteile des Eingangsdatenflusses reagieren. Es ist daher von besonderem Vorteil, wenn jede der Beleuchtungsvorrichtungen über eine Einrichtung verfügt, um eine veränderliche Netzwerkadresse (Bus-Adresse) selbst zu erzeugen, die vorzugsweise von der Position im Beleuchtungsnetzwerk abhängt. Beispielhafte Verfahren hierzu sind in
Bei einer solchen Art der Autoadressierung erfolgt insbesondere keine Zuweisung einer Bus-Adresse an einen vorbestimmten Endknoten durch die Steuerung. Vielmehr stellt die Steuerung beispielsweise eine Bus-Adresse allen Bus-Teilnehmern (Beleuchtungsvorrichtung) geleichzeitig zur Verfügung und die Bus-Teilnehmer entscheiden, ob diese Bus-Adresse für den jeweiligen Bus-Teilnehmer geeignet ist. Wenn diese Entscheidung positiv ausfällt, übernimmt der Bus-Teilnehmer die zur Verfügung gestellte Bus-Adresse und signalisiert allen anderen Bus-Teilnehmern, dass diese Bus-Adresse übernommen wurde bzw. dass nun die Übernahme der nächsten Bus-Adresse durch einen anderen Bus-Teilnehmer erfolgen soll. Diese Signalisierung kann beispielsweise durch die Durchleitung des Datenflusses von der besagten ersten Datenschnittstelle der Beleuchtungsvorrichtung zur besagten zweiten Datenschnittstelle der Beleuchtungsvorrichtung und umgekehrt ab dem Zeitpunkt erfolgen, ab dem die veränderliche Bus-Adresse der Beleuchtungsvorrichtung übernommen wurde.In particular, in such a type of auto-addressing, no assignment of a bus address to a predetermined end node is made by the controller. Rather, the control provides, for example, a bus address to all bus subscribers (lighting device) at the same time and the bus subscribers decide whether this bus address is suitable for the respective bus subscriber. If this decision is positive, the bus participant accepts the provided bus address and signals to all other bus participants that this bus address has been taken over or that now the transfer of the next bus address by another bus participant should be done. This signaling can take place, for example, by passing the data flow from said first data interface of the lighting device to said second data interface of the lighting device and vice versa from the time at which the variable bus address of the lighting device has been adopted.
Bei den oben zitierten Autoadressierungsverfahren wird die Bus-Adresse also nicht einem Bus-Teilnehmer konkret zugewiesen. Es ist somit so, dass die Steuerung dem Netzwerk - also allen Bus-Teilnehmern - eine Bus-Adresse zur (freien) Verfügung stellt. Einzelne Bus-Teilnehmer entscheiden dabei entsprechend diesem Verfahren selbstständig, ob sie diese Bus-Adresse verwenden. Es handelt sich somit nicht um eine Zuweisung bezogen auf einen einzelnen Bus-Teilnehmer, sondern um die Zuweisung der Bus-Adresse zu einer Netzwerk-Position. Der besondere Vorteil dieses Verfahrens liegt darin, dass die einzelnen Bus-Teilnehmer aufgrund ihrer Position ihre Bus-Adresse erhalten und nicht vorkonfiguriert werden müssen.In the auto-addressing method cited above, therefore, the bus address is not concretely assigned to a bus subscriber. It is thus the case that the control system sends a bus address to the network, ie to all bus subscribers (free) provides. Individual bus participants decide independently according to this procedure whether they use this bus address. It is thus not an assignment with respect to a single bus participant, but the assignment of the bus address to a network position. The particular advantage of this method is that the individual bus users receive their bus address due to their position and do not have to be preconfigured.
Hierfür kann es auch sinnvoll sein, dass der Bus-Teilnehmer die Adresstabelle aller verwendeten Netzwerkadressen (Bus-Adressen) des Beleuchtungsnetzwerks vorhält. Der Bus-Teilnehmer wählt selbstständig, bestimmt durch die Position im Kabelbaum, eine der Bus-Adressen aus.For this purpose, it may also be appropriate for the bus user to maintain the address table of all network addresses (bus addresses) of the lighting network used. The bus user selects one of the bus addresses independently, determined by the position in the cable harness.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der Zeichnungen weiter erläutert. Im Einzelnen zeigen dabei:
- Fig. 1
- das Spektrum einer bipolaren PWM nach dem Stand der Technik,
- Fig. 2
- schematisch den Aufbau einer beispielhaften Beleuchtungsvorrichtung nach der Erfindung,
- Fig. 3
- eine Darstellung verschiedener Signale, wie sie nach der Erfindung genutzt werden können,
- Fig. 4
- eine beispielhafte Implementierung einer erfindungsgemäßen Ansteuereinheit,
- Fig. 5
- ein Ausführungsbeispiel für ein Beleuchtungsnetzwerk,
- Fig. 6
- ein weiteres Beispiel für ein Beleuchtungsnetzwerk,
- Fig. 7
- ein Ausführungsbeispiel (schematisch) einer erfindungsgemäßen Beleuchtungsvorrichtung,
- Fig. 8
- ein weiteres Beispiel (schematisch) für eine Beleuchtungsvorrichtung,
- Fig. 9
- wiederum ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Beleuchtungsvorrichtung,
- Fig. 10
- eine Beleuchtungsvorrichtung ähnlich der nach
Fig. 9 , - Fig. 11
- eine weitere Beleuchtungsvorrichtung ähnlich der nach
Fig. 8 und - Fig. 12
- einen weiteren Anwendungsfall für das erfindungsgemäße Konzept.
- Fig. 1
- the spectrum of a bipolar PWM according to the prior art,
- Fig. 2
- 2 schematically shows the structure of an exemplary lighting device according to the invention,
- Fig. 3
- a representation of various signals, as they can be used according to the invention,
- Fig. 4
- an exemplary implementation of a drive unit according to the invention,
- Fig. 5
- an exemplary embodiment of a lighting network,
- Fig. 6
- another example of a lighting network,
- Fig. 7
- an embodiment (schematically) of a lighting device according to the invention,
- Fig. 8
- another example (schematically) of a lighting device,
- Fig. 9
- again an embodiment of a lighting device,
- Fig. 10
- a lighting device similar to the
Fig. 9 . - Fig. 11
- another lighting device similar to the
Fig. 8 and - Fig. 12
- another application for the inventive concept.
Zum Vergleich zu einer PWM-Modulation mit einem Duty-Cycle von 50 % ist ganz unten in
Der Basis-Systemtakt 1' könnte, statt monofrequent, wie in
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung verfügt nun je ein Kanal CHN, CHN1, CHN2, CHN3 über eine Treibereinrichtung DRV, TR1, TR2, TR3 mit einem Ausgangssignal Out, die je eines der besagten Ansteuersignale 102, 103, 104 als Ausgangssignal Out für eine der zuvor erwähnten Gruppen von RGB-Leuchtmitteln 108, 106, 107 erzeugt. In dem Beispiel der
Das Problem beschränkt sich dabei nicht nur auf die Resonanzfrequenz des Schwingkreises bestehend aus Induktivität 308 und Kapazität 312, sondern erstreckt sich typischerweise auch auf Oberwellen der Resonanzfrequenz. Typischerweise lässt sich beispielsweise ein Empfindlichkeitsspektrum e(f) in Abhängigkeit von der Frequenz angeben. Diese soll nun durch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung 200 und die erfindungsgemäße Steuereinrichtung 201 berücksichtigt werden. Diese Berücksichtigung erfolgt durch geeignete Auswahl des nächsten zu sendenden Codes durch die Steuereinrichtung 201. Hierzu speichert die Steuereinheit zumindest eine zeitbegrenzte Sequenz der gesendeten Codes und damit die gesendete Bit-Sequenz ab. Vor der Aussendung eines Codes wird dieser durch die Steuereinrichtung 201 auf Eignung geprüft. Es wird der geeignetste Code gesendet. Diese Eignungsprüfung, also eine Bewertung, erfolgt beispielsweise so, dass die abgespeicherte Code-Sequenz um den zu bewertenden Code ergänzt wird und die so erhaltene Code-Sequenz Fourier-transformiert wird. Hierbei ist übrigens zu beachten, dass die Länge der so erhaltenen Code-Sequenz nicht schon selbst Transienten erzeugt, die mit der Resonanzfrequenz und oder deren Oberwellenfrequenzen korrelieren. Nun wird das durch die Fourier-Transformation erhaltene Spektrum der ergänzten Code-Sequenz mit dem Empfindlichkeitsspektrum e(f) multipliziert und das Produkt über den interessierenden Bereich integriert. Die so erhaltene Zahl ist ein beispielhaftes Maß für die Korrelation und damit dafür, inwieweit der Code die Resonanz oder eine der möglichen Oberschwingungen anregen würde.The problem is not limited to the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit consisting of
Auf diese Weise werden nun alle Codes mit dem vorgegebenen Füllfaktor, dem Zielfüllfaktor bewertet. Der Code mit der geringsten Anregung, bei diesem Beispiel der Code mit der geringsten Bewertung, wird für die Sendung ausgewählt. Ist die Anwendung sehr genau bekannt, so kann für verschiedene Füllfaktoren der zu wählende Code oder eine zu wählende Sequenz von Codes schon in der Konstruktionsphase vorausberechnet und in der Vorrichtung abgespeichert oder hart verdrahtet werden.In this way, all codes are now evaluated with the specified fill factor, the target fill factor. The code with the lowest excitation, in this example the code with the lowest rating, is selected for the transmission. If the application is known very precisely, the code to be selected or a sequence of codes to be selected can already be predicted in the design phase for various filling factors and stored in the device or hardwired.
Es ist darüber hinaus denkbar, dass in der jeweiligen Applikation ein vom vorgegebenen Füllfaktor, dem Zielfüllfaktor, in geringem Maße abweichender Füllfaktor nicht auffallen würde. Daher ist es durchaus denkbar, wenn auch Codes mit einem geringfügig abweichenden Füllfaktor geprüft werden. Bei der Bewertung werden diese mit einem "Malus" versehen, der umso größer sein sollte, je größer die Abweichung des Füllfaktors ist. Dieser Malus kann beispielsweise ein Bewertungsoffset und/oder ein Malusfaktor sein, mit dem das Bewertungsergebnis verschlechtert wird. Andere, insbesondere nichtlineare Bewertungsmethoden sind denkbar. Das System selektiert daher den Code, der hinsichtlich der Bewertung der elektromagnetischen Verträglichkeit - hier das beispielhafte Anschwingen eines Serienresonanzkreises - und hinsichtlich der Bewertung des Ergebnisses für den Nutzer die optimalen Eigenschaften im Sinne eines optimalen Kompromisses darstellt. Die exakte Bewertungsfunktion hinsichtlich dieser zwei Bewertungsdimensionen dürften von Anwendungsfall zu Anwendungsfall sehr stark schwanken, weshalb es hier bei diesen Beispielen bleiben soll.Moreover, it is conceivable that in the respective application a fill factor which deviates to a small extent from the given fill factor, the target fill factor, would not be noticeable. Therefore, it is quite possible, though codes be checked with a slightly different filling factor. In the assessment, these are provided with a "malus", which should be the greater, the greater the deviation of the filling factor. This malus may be, for example, an evaluation offset and / or a penalty factor, which will degrade the valuation result. Other, in particular non-linear evaluation methods are conceivable. The system therefore selects the code which, with regard to the evaluation of the electromagnetic compatibility - in this case the exemplary oscillation of a series resonant circuit - and the evaluation of the result for the user, represents the optimum characteristics in the sense of an optimal compromise. The exact evaluation function with respect to these two evaluation dimensions should fluctuate greatly from one application to the next, so it should stay with these examples.
Claims (13)
- Illumination device comprising- a first group of illuminants for emission of light of a first color, wherein the first group comprises at least one illuminant,- at least one second group of illuminants for emission of light of a second color differing from the first color, wherein the second group comprises at least one illuminant,- a first driver unit for driving the first group of illuminants,- a second driver unit for driving the second group of illuminants,- a control unit for common or mutually independent control of the first and the second driver unit by means of control signals,- wherein each control signal of the control unit is a control signal, representing n bits, of a multi-bit code, with n > 1,- wherein the multi-bit code comprises a plurality of binary code words (0-1, 1-1 to 1-4, 2-1 to 2-6, 3-1 to 3-4, 4-1) subdivided into at least two code classes (1, 2, 3, 4) of code words (0-1, 1-1 to 1-4, 2-1 to 2-6, 3-1 to 3-4, 4-1) having different numbers of one-bits,- wherein the code classes (1, 2, 3, 4) are assigned to different intensities of the emission of light by the illuminants,- wherein, for controlling the intensity of the emission of light by the at least one first illuminant or the at least one second illuminant, the control unit is operative to transmit, to the drive unit and respectively drive units, control signals including a code word (0-1, 1-1 to 1-4, 2-1 to 2-6, 3-1 to 3-4, 4-1) from that code class (1, 2, 3, 4) which is assigned to the desired intensity of the emission of light by the respective illuminant, and- wherein, if the intensity of the emission of light by the respective illuminant is desired to remain unchanged or the intensity has assigned to it a code class (1, 2, 3, 4) comprising a plurality of code words (0-1, 1-1 to 1-4, 2-1 to 2-6, 3-1 to 3-4, 4-1), the control unit is operative to sequentially transmit control signals including different code words (0-1, 1-1 to 1-4, 2-1 to 2-6, 3-1 to 3-4, 4-1) from the group of code words (0-1, 1-1 to 1-4, 2-1 to 2-6, 3-1 to 3-4, 4-1) of the code class (1, 2, 3, 4) assigned to the intensity,characterized in- that at least one code class (1, 2, 3, 4) comprises a plurality of code words (0-1, 1-1 to 1-4, 2-1 to 2-6, 3-1 to 3-4, 4-1) having the same number of one-bits,- that the number of one-bits of the code words (0-1, 1-1 to 1-4, 2-1 to 2-6, 3-1 to 3-4, 4-1) of the classes is different from code class (1, 2, 3, 4) to code class (1, 2, 3, 4),- that the at least two control signals do not correlate with each other and/or correlate with each other only after a predefinable number of cycles, e.g. only after 256, 512, 1024, 2048 or 4096 cycles for one or a few cycles, wherein a correlation is to be understood in the sense that the auto or cross correlation function for predefinable intervals assumes a value above a predefinable threshold.
- Illumination device according to claim 1, characterized in that the selection of the code words (0-1, 1-1 to 1-4, 2-1 to 2-6, 3-1 to 3-4, 4-1) from a code class (1, 2, 3, 4) by which the control signals of the control unit are represented, is performed in a randomly controlled manner, in a quasi randomly controlled manner, in a manner varying in an undetermined or in a determined way.
- Illumination device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the control signals represent only code words (0-1, 1-1 to 1-4, 2-1 to 2-6, 3-1 to 3-4, 4-1) from those code classes (1, 2, 3, 4) which comprise code words (0-1, 1-1 to 1-4, 2-1 to 2-6, 3-1 to 3-4, 4-1) having a percentage of one-bits, relative to the number n of bits of the multi-bit code, between a predefined lower limit and a predefined upper limit and/or within one or a plurality of predefinable ranges.
- Illumination device according to claim 3, characterized in that the predefinable range or one of the predefinable ranges is between 30% and 70%, particularly between 45% and 55%.
- Illumination device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, from the number of code words (0-1, 1-1 to 1-4, 2-1 to 2-6, 3-1 to 3-4, 4-1) of a code class (1, 2, 3, 4) comprising at least two code words (0-1, 1-1 to 1-4, 2-1 to 2-6, 3-1 to 3-4, 4-1), a subset of code words (0-1, 1-1 to 1-4, 2-1 to 2-6, 3-1 to 3-4, 4-1) is selected, and that the code words (0-1, 1-1 to 1-4, 2-1 to 2-6, 3-1 to 3-4, 4-1) of this subset are used for generating the control signal.
- Illumination device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by a data bus coupled to the control unit for receiving, via the data bus, data signals enabling the control unit to control the driver units by the control signals required for generating a desired mixed-color light.
- Illumination device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by at least one code table in which code words (0-1, 1-1 to 1-4, 2-1 to 2-6, 3-1 to 3-4, 4-1) of the code classes (1, 2, 3, 4) or of previously selected code classes (1, 2, 3, 4) are preserved.
- Illumination device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by a color table indicating, for each group of illuminants, the code classes (1, 2, 3, 4) associated with the desired color of the light to be emitted by the illuminants.
- Illumination device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by a color sensor optically coupled to the illuminants and connected to the color sensor, for detecting the color of the light emitted by the illuminants so as to control the color with the aid of the control unit.
- Illumination device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the control unit is operative to control the color temperature of the illuminants with reference to a desired and an actual color temperature value by controlling the current and/or the voltage and/or the power of the respective control signal.
- Illumination device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the clock frequency of the control signals transmitting the code words (0-1, 1-1 to 1-4, 2-1 to 2-6, 3-1 to 3-4, 4-1) is of the single-frequency type or is limited in bandwidth by way of a lower limiting frequency not equal to zero and an upper limiting frequency, and thus is variable.
- Illumination device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, within a temporal succession of code words (0-1, 1-1 to 1-4, 2-1 to 2-6, 3-1 to 3-4, 4-1) of a code class (1, 2, 3, 4), the control signal comprises, apart from these code words (0-1, 1-1 to 1-4, 2-1 to 2-6, 3-1 to 3-4, 4-1), also one or a plurality of code words (0-1, 1-1 to 1-4, 2-1 to 2-6, 3-1 to 3-4, 4-1) from one or at least one other code class (1, 2, 3, 4).
- Illumination system comprising- a plurality of illumination devices according to any one of claims 1 to 12,- a central control unit which, via a data bus, is coupled to the drive units of the illumination devices,- wherein data signals transmitted via the data bus comprise address information for addressing one or a plurality of illumination devices and drive information for control of the addressed illumination device and respectively illumination devices with the aid of the information required for generating the respective desired color light by the illumination devices.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP14780448.8A EP3053409B1 (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2014-09-30 | Illuminating device |
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102013016386.2A DE102013016386A1 (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2013-09-30 | Apparatus and method for setting multi-colored light scenes in motor vehicles |
EP14156035.9A EP2854483A1 (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2014-02-20 | Illumination device |
EP14155995.5A EP2854482A1 (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2014-02-20 | Method for generating a sequence of binary code words of a multibit code for a pulse modulated control signal for a consumer |
PCT/EP2014/070893 WO2015044447A2 (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2014-09-30 | Illuminating device |
EP14780448.8A EP3053409B1 (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2014-09-30 | Illuminating device |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3053409A2 EP3053409A2 (en) | 2016-08-10 |
EP3053409B1 true EP3053409B1 (en) | 2019-08-28 |
Family
ID=50156595
Family Applications (4)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14156035.9A Withdrawn EP2854483A1 (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2014-02-20 | Illumination device |
EP14155995.5A Withdrawn EP2854482A1 (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2014-02-20 | Method for generating a sequence of binary code words of a multibit code for a pulse modulated control signal for a consumer |
EP14780448.8A Active EP3053409B1 (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2014-09-30 | Illuminating device |
EP14783571.4A Active EP3053410B1 (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2014-09-30 | Method for generating a sequence of binary code words of a multi-bit code for a control signal for a consumer |
Family Applications Before (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14156035.9A Withdrawn EP2854483A1 (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2014-02-20 | Illumination device |
EP14155995.5A Withdrawn EP2854482A1 (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2014-02-20 | Method for generating a sequence of binary code words of a multibit code for a pulse modulated control signal for a consumer |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14783571.4A Active EP3053410B1 (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2014-09-30 | Method for generating a sequence of binary code words of a multi-bit code for a control signal for a consumer |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (4) | EP2854483A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102013016386A1 (en) |
WO (2) | WO2015044442A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102014014680B4 (en) | 2014-09-29 | 2020-08-06 | Elmos Semiconductor Aktiengesellschaft | Process for generating PWM-modulated signals for the supply of LEDs for lighting in motor vehicles |
DE102014014677B4 (en) | 2014-09-29 | 2023-08-31 | Elmos Semiconductor Se | Process for the generation of PWM-modulated signals for the supply of LEDs for lighting in vehicles |
DE102014014679B4 (en) | 2014-09-29 | 2020-12-03 | Elmos Semiconductor Se | Device for generating PDM-modulated signals for supplying LEDs for lighting in motor vehicles |
DE102014014678B4 (en) | 2014-09-29 | 2020-08-06 | Elmos Semiconductor Aktiengesellschaft | Device for generating PWM-modulated signals for the supply of LEDs for lighting in motor vehicles |
EP3258748A1 (en) | 2016-06-13 | 2017-12-20 | Melexis Technologies NV | Package of light emitting diodes |
DE102016211737A1 (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2018-01-04 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | motor vehicle |
EP3324437B1 (en) | 2016-11-16 | 2019-03-13 | Melexis Technologies NV | Device with light emitting diodes |
EP3937594A1 (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2022-01-12 | Big Dutchman International GmbH | Multi-channel light control |
Family Cites Families (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6016038A (en) | 1997-08-26 | 2000-01-18 | Color Kinetics, Inc. | Multicolored LED lighting method and apparatus |
US6362766B1 (en) * | 2000-02-09 | 2002-03-26 | International Business Machines Corporation | Variable pulse PWM DAC method and apparatus |
FR2821453B1 (en) | 2001-02-26 | 2005-07-08 | Valeo Climatisation | METHOD FOR IDENTIFYING THE NODES OF AN INFORMATIVE NETWORK IN A MOTOR VEHICLE AIR CONDITIONING INSTALLATION, AND AIR CONDITIONING INSTALLATION USING THE METHOD |
AU2003214259A1 (en) | 2002-05-02 | 2003-11-17 | Elmos Semiconductor Ag | Method for addressing the users of a bus system by means of identification flows |
DE10256631B4 (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2005-07-14 | Elmos Semiconductor Ag | Verfarhen for addressing the participants of a bus system |
EP2038721A1 (en) * | 2006-03-14 | 2009-03-25 | TIR Technology LP | Apparatus and method for controlling activation of an electronic device |
EP2039029B1 (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2010-03-31 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Method and device for modulating the light emission of a lighting device |
US8129924B2 (en) | 2006-11-13 | 2012-03-06 | Cypress Semiconductor Corporation | Stochastic signal density modulation for optical transducer control |
US7915838B2 (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2011-03-29 | Cypress Semiconductor Corporation | Delta-sigma signal density modulation for optical transducer control |
WO2009040705A2 (en) * | 2007-09-28 | 2009-04-02 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Method and apparatus for light intensity control with drive current modulation |
EP2328385A1 (en) * | 2008-01-17 | 2011-06-01 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Method and apparatus for light intensity control |
CN101933241B (en) * | 2008-01-30 | 2013-06-12 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Code converting apparatus, receiver, and code converting method |
WO2009136723A2 (en) * | 2008-05-07 | 2009-11-12 | 주식회사 테라칩스 | Distributed pulse width modulation control device and method |
WO2009136317A1 (en) * | 2008-05-08 | 2009-11-12 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Method and apparatus for spectrum spreading by temporal dithering of pulsed signals |
US20100109550A1 (en) * | 2008-11-03 | 2010-05-06 | Muzahid Bin Huda | LED Dimming Techniques Using Spread Spectrum Modulation |
GB2465194A (en) * | 2008-11-10 | 2010-05-12 | Iti Scotland Ltd | Randomly or pseudo-randomly modulated switching waveform for LED backlight |
EP2257131A1 (en) * | 2009-05-29 | 2010-12-01 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | An auto-addressing method for a tiled lighting system |
US20120127210A1 (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2012-05-24 | Au Optronics Corporation | Random PWM Dimming Control for LED Backlight |
US8558497B2 (en) * | 2011-07-15 | 2013-10-15 | Cypress Semiconductor Corporation | Reduced electromagnetic interference for pulse-width modulation |
US8935450B2 (en) | 2011-09-16 | 2015-01-13 | Nxp B.V. | Network communications circuit, system and method |
EP2631674A1 (en) | 2012-02-23 | 2013-08-28 | ELMOS Semiconductor AG | Method and sensor system for measuring the properties of a transfer segment of a measuring system between transmitter and recipient |
EP2688209A1 (en) | 2012-07-16 | 2014-01-22 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Driver circuit and controls for a driver circuit |
US8866655B2 (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2014-10-21 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Modulator with variable quantizer |
-
2013
- 2013-09-30 DE DE102013016386.2A patent/DE102013016386A1/en active Pending
-
2014
- 2014-02-20 EP EP14156035.9A patent/EP2854483A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-02-20 EP EP14155995.5A patent/EP2854482A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-09-30 WO PCT/EP2014/070885 patent/WO2015044442A2/en active Application Filing
- 2014-09-30 WO PCT/EP2014/070893 patent/WO2015044447A2/en active Application Filing
- 2014-09-30 EP EP14780448.8A patent/EP3053409B1/en active Active
- 2014-09-30 EP EP14783571.4A patent/EP3053410B1/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102013016386A1 (en) | 2015-04-02 |
EP3053409A2 (en) | 2016-08-10 |
WO2015044447A3 (en) | 2015-08-13 |
EP3053410B1 (en) | 2021-08-04 |
WO2015044442A3 (en) | 2015-08-13 |
WO2015044447A2 (en) | 2015-04-02 |
EP2854483A1 (en) | 2015-04-01 |
EP3053410A2 (en) | 2016-08-10 |
EP2854482A1 (en) | 2015-04-01 |
WO2015044442A2 (en) | 2015-04-02 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP3053409B1 (en) | Illuminating device | |
EP2534773B1 (en) | Method and arrangement for stabilizing a colour coding method for optical transmission of data | |
DE102011076692B4 (en) | PULSE MODULATION ARRANGEMENT AND PULSE MODULATION METHOD | |
EP2474200B1 (en) | Operation of a pulse-width-modulated led | |
EP1696707A2 (en) | Lighting device | |
EP2712273B1 (en) | Multichannel current source having series and shunt dimming switch in each channel | |
EP2433472B1 (en) | Method for setting a chromaticity coordinate | |
WO2008006450A1 (en) | Control circuit and method for controlling leds | |
DE102017125405A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for calibrating LED lighting | |
EP2508046B1 (en) | Optical signal output of operating parameters with an led lighting unit | |
EP2772120B1 (en) | Pwm dimming of light-emitting means | |
DE102010039827B4 (en) | Method for operating at least one light emitting diode and lighting device for carrying out the method | |
AT10601U1 (en) | PROCESS FOR CONTROLLING A CONTROL DEVICE FOR LAMP, IN PARTICULAR LED | |
DE102016105739B4 (en) | Device with electrical isolation from a communication bus for a plurality of communication standards and corresponding method for data transmission via such a device | |
DE102009026612A1 (en) | Method for controlling LED string, in display-backlight of motor vehicle, involves generating output signal during reaching of threshold value, and initiating generation of new threshold value, where signal determines clock pulse | |
DE202017002443U1 (en) | Circuit arrangement for operating a light source | |
DE102019118341B3 (en) | Linear light unit, light source module for such a linear light unit and method for operating such a linear light unit | |
EP3637959A1 (en) | Semiconductor component for outputting a control parameter | |
DE102018201365A1 (en) | CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR OPERATING AT LEAST TWO LED STRINGS ON ONE VOLTAGE | |
DE112019002768T5 (en) | SYSTEM AND PROCEDURE FOR CONTROLLING A ADJUSTABLE LIGHTING SYSTEM | |
DE102015203028A1 (en) | Energy-efficient LIN module | |
DE102016217056A1 (en) | Voltage-dependent operation of individual light sources | |
DE102021005158A1 (en) | LED power supply | |
EP4156864A1 (en) | Led power supply | |
EP2368407B1 (en) | Processor and device for operating groups of leds using pwm |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20160406 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20190121 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAJ | Information related to disapproval of communication of intention to grant by the applicant or resumption of examination proceedings by the epo deleted |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSDIGR1 |
|
GRAL | Information related to payment of fee for publishing/printing deleted |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSDIGR3 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
INTC | Intention to grant announced (deleted) | ||
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20190625 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: REF Ref document number: 1174047 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20190915 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 502014012527 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R079 Ref document number: 502014012527 Country of ref document: DE Free format text: PREVIOUS MAIN CLASS: H05B0033080000 Ipc: H05B0045000000 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: MP Effective date: 20190828 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: LT Ref legal event code: MG4D |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191128 Ref country code: NO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191128 Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191230 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190828 Ref country code: LT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190828 Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190828 Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190828 Ref country code: HR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190828 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190828 Ref country code: LV Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190828 Ref country code: RS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190828 Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191129 Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191228 Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190828 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: TR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190828 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190828 Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190828 Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190828 Ref country code: PL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190828 Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190828 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190828 Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190828 Ref country code: SM Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190828 Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20200224 Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190828 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 502014012527 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
PG2D | Information on lapse in contracting state deleted |
Ref country code: IS |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20190930 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20190930 Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20190930 Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20190930 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: BE Ref legal event code: MM Effective date: 20190930 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R082 Ref document number: 502014012527 Country of ref document: DE Representative=s name: DOMPATENT VON KREISLER SELTING WERNER - PARTNE, DE Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R081 Ref document number: 502014012527 Country of ref document: DE Owner name: ELMOS SEMICONDUCTOR SE, DE Free format text: FORMER OWNER: ELMOS SEMICONDUCTOR AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, 44227 DORTMUND, DE |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20200603 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20190930 Ref country code: SI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190828 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20191128 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20191128 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MM01 Ref document number: 1174047 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20190930 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20190930 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190828 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: HU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO Effective date: 20140930 Ref country code: MT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190828 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190828 |
|
P01 | Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered |
Effective date: 20230525 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20230919 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20230928 Year of fee payment: 10 |