EP3047757B1 - Multifunctional and multidimensional seating furniture - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a seat cushion for resting on a chair or for installation in a chair and a corresponding seating with a seat cushion.

STATE OF THE ART

Seating is one of the everyday commodities and gaining more and more importance for humans, as the proportion of sedentary activity increases sharply and thus man spends more and more time sitting down. However, since the human being is not created to sit on conventional seating such as chairs, armchairs, office chairs, and the like because of his skeleton, people who frequently have to sit have an increasing problem of troubles on the hip and the spine.

Moreover, elderly people, whose mobility is already limited, find it increasingly difficult to sit on conventional seating and get up from it.

Due to the difficulties described above, there have been many approaches to improving seating. For example, the possibility has been created that the seat of office chairs is designed to be movable in different directions in order to give the user of the office chair the opportunity to achieve an optimal sitting position with adapted alignment of the spine and also to perform movements while sitting, so instead the static sitting dynamic seating can be realized, which brings advantages in terms of the compatibility of sitting.

An example of a seating with a suspension that allows mobility between a base and a seat, is in the German utility model DE 299 05 547 U1 described.

In addition, it is from the documents US 2013/0328377 A1 and JP 2011/147542 A Known to make the seat with recesses to allow a more comfortable sitting.

Furthermore, from the publications US 5 163 737 A . US 2005/022306 A1 . BE 796 948 A1 . DE 200 10 788 U1 and WO 2013/045481 A1 conventional designs for seat cushions known for resting on a chair or for installation in a chair.

However, there continues to be a need to adapt seating to the requirements for human seating and to provide improved seating that takes into account the conditions of the human skeleton.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a seat cushion or a chair which eliminates or alleviates the problems of the prior art and allows the human to adapt to his human skeleton adapted sitting. Nevertheless, a corresponding seat cushion or seating should be easy to manufacture and easy to use.

TECHNICAL SOLUTION

This object is achieved with a seat cushion with the features of claim 1 and a chair with the features of claim 11. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

The invention proposes a seat cushion for resting on a chair or for installation in a chair in which the seat has on a top of the seat cushion a deviating from a plane three-dimensional shape, which is adapted to the conditions of the human skeleton. The three-dimensional surface shape of the seat of the seat cushion according to the invention is characterized in that the seat has at least one, preferably two Sitzknorrenvertiefungen for receiving the Sitzknorren or ischial tuberosity of the human skeleton when a user sits on the seat cushion. Usually, the person sits with his seat legs or Sitzbeinhöckern or Sitzknorren on a flat seat, so that the Sitzknorren rest on the seat and thereby be immobilized. This results in a blockage of the pelvis, as against the frictional resistance, which form the Sitzknorren or the intermediate tissue and the seat, no suitable orientation of the pelvis and the spine is more possible. Rather, the pelvis is fixed by the overlying Sitzknorren on the seat, and it is due to movements of the user with the upper body to heavy burdens in the spine and pelvic area, leading to the corresponding damage and discomfort of the user. This is remedied by the provision of the Sitzknorrenvertiefungen because the seat crenellations of the user can protrude into the Sitzknorrenvertiefungen so as not to rest on the seat. This causes the Sitzknorren are free and will not be charged, so that no load transfer takes place on the Sitzknorren.

Furthermore, the seat is also designed so that the support of the body on the thighs and / or parts of the buttocks without the Sitzknorren done, so that the pelvis is still free to move even when sitting, especially around a rotation axis, transverse to the thighs in the seated state, ie, a forward and backward bowing allows. As a result, it is easily possible for the user to position the pelvis correctly, in particular also with regard to the spinal column, so that a sitting adapted to the human skeleton is made possible. In addition, the provision of the Sitzknorrenvertiefungen also facilitates the emergence of the user, since the required for getting up the rotation of the pelvis is also easier, as a blocking is avoided by resting Sitzknorren.

The seat cushion according to the invention furthermore has a U-shaped ridge in plan view of the upper side of the cushion, which effects the positioning and / or mounting of the thighs and the buttocks for the correct arrangement of the seat knuckles in the seat knuckle recesses. The U-shape of the back, which may also be referred to as a bead, has two legs with the free ends of the U and a base connecting the legs and extending transversely to the two legs, which enclose an area in which the user sits is essentially placed. The U - shape is open at the front of the seat cushion, where the legs of the user come to rest when sitting, so that the free ends of the legs of the U - shape are arranged there. The U-shaped area correspondingly has the Sitzknorrenvertiefungen in which the seat crenellations of the user can protrude when sitting.

The base surface located between the legs of the U - shape of the ridge is sloping towards the seat knuckle recesses, i. in the thickness direction with respect to a horizontally disposed reference plane at the height to this decreasing, designed to provide a greater range of mobility for the Sitzknorren.

At the rear of the seat cushion, on which the user places his back while sitting, or at the base of the U - shape, there is also a recess in the form of an incision on the U - shaped ridge which serves to accommodate the coccyx can ensure free mobility of the tailbone. This also facilitates alignment of the pelvis for gentle sitting.

The U-shaped ridge can have a support surface sloping down in the direction of the U-shaped area, which serves to support the thighs in the region of the legs of the U-shape and parts of the buttocks in the area of the base of the U-shape.

The height of the upper back may rise from the free ends of the legs of the U-shape toward the base of the U-shape so that from the back of the seat cushion to the front of the seat cushion where the user has his legs when sitting Wedge shape, which supports the correct positioning of the pelvis. In addition, this facilitates the correct positioning of the buttocks and the thighs on the seat surface of the seat cushion or the support surface of the U-shaped height back.

The U-shaped ridge may be formed as an edge boundary of the seat, since the user should be positioned within the U-shaped area of the back of the seat when sitting. Accordingly, the cross-sectional shape of the back height in cross-section to the extension of a leg or the base a Arcuate shape in the manner of a downwardly opened parabola comprising as part of the intersection of the sloping in the direction of the U - shaped area abutting support surface, or formed as a sloping from the edge of the seat cushion line, wherein in the direction of the U - shaped enclosed area sloping line may be straight, convex and / or concave curved. In particular, in the region of the tip of the backrest whose cross-sectional area may be convexly curved, while at the foot of the back of the height, the cross-sectional line may have a concave curvature.

The U-shaped ridge can each have a pan-shaped hip joint recess in the region of the transition of the legs of the U-shape to the base of the U-shape, which can serve for receiving and positioning the hip joint, that is to say the end of the thigh bone arranged in the hip joint.

The pan-shaped hip joint recess may be formed in the sloping support surface of the back height. This ergonomic and exact positioning of the pelvis and femurs is possible, while the mobility of the pelvis is given by the mobility of Sitzknorren.

The Sitzknorrenvertiefung itself can have a circular or elliptical or oval shape and / or three-dimensional cylindrical shape in plan view, especially if two Sitzknorrenvertiefungen are provided. Instead of providing two Sitzknorrenvertiefungen, only a single Sitzknorrenvertiefung can be formed, which receives the two Sitzknorren combined. A corresponding Sitzknorrenvertiefung can also be oval or elliptical in plan view. The base surface between the thighs of the U-shape of the back of the foot, the support surface of the back of the seat, the Sitzknorrenvertiefungen and / or the hip joint recesses may all be formed so that the respective surfaces smoothly merge into each other, so that no sharp edges are formed.

The described surface shape of the seating surface of the seat cushion is to be understood as indicating sloping or rising surfaces relative to a reference plane extending horizontally, in particular in the state of use of the seat cushion, for example formed by a flat underside of the seat cushion or a plane passing through a bottom portion of the seat cushion can. The described depressions or elevations, such as the ridge, are defined in relation to the surrounding areas, so that in one depression the surrounding areas are higher relative to a reference plane, while the surrounding areas to a survey corresponding to lower with respect to the reference plane.

The seat cushion, in particular the plate-shaped basic shape of the seat cushion, with the seat surface at the top can be formed from a foamed material, for example a polyurethane foam.

In addition, the seat cushion may have a coating over the plate-shaped basic shape or over the seat surface of the plate-shaped basic shape, which comprises a textile cover. Textile reference here means various materials, but also plastic films and the like, which can be arranged or stretched over the seat surface, for example to form a straight or even seat surface. However, the coating can also be formed directly adjacent to the seat surface and thus represent the seat identical, so that the seat surface has the same three-dimensional surface shape, as the seat.

In addition, the coating may comprise one or more foams or other soft materials in one or more layers that may be disposed along the seating surface and / or in the various recesses or recesses of the three-dimensionally shaped seating surface. For this purpose, the foam or soft material layers may be formed differently thick. However, it is also possible to provide only a soft or foam overlay with a uniform thickness.

The foams or foams may be formed from materials which in particular have a lower hardness or strength than the material of the plate-shaped basic shape. For example, if the Sitzknorrenvertiefung filled with a soft foam material, the Sitzknorren can still be moved relatively freely due to the significantly lower resistance of the soft foam material in the Sitzknorrenvertiefung and the purpose of the invention is fulfilled.

A corresponding seat cushion can be used as a separate seat cushion only to support for seating, or the seat cushion can be permanently installed in a chair. In the latter case, the seat cushion may have on its underside corresponding connection structures for connection with the seating.

The seat cushion may in particular be accommodated in a support structure of the seat, which is movably mounted relative to a base frame, and in particular is movably mounted in a plurality of degrees of freedom, thus allowing rotations or tilting about different independent spatial axes. Thus, a multi - dimensional and multi - functional sitting, which is adapted to the human skeleton, possible, so that the seating comfort is significantly increased and the discomfort caused by incorrect sitting of the human can be significantly reduced.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1

eine perspektivische Vorderansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung,

FIG. 2

eine perspektivische Rückseitenansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung,

FIG. 3

eine perspektivische Vorderansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung gemäß Fig. 1 mit Angabe der Schnittebenen,

FIG. 4

eine perspektivische Schnittansicht entlang der Linie A-A in FIG. 3,

FIG. 5

eine perspektivische Schnittansicht entlang der Linie B-B in FIG. 3,

FIG. 6

eine perspektivische Schnittansicht entlang der Linie C-C in FIG. 3,

FIG. 7

eine perspektivische Schnittansicht entlang der Linie D-D in FIG. 3,

FIG. 8

eine perspektivische Schnittansicht entlang der Linie E-E in FIG. 3,

FIG. 9

eine Darstellung eines Bürostuhls als Beispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Sitzmöbels und in

Fig. 10

eine seitliche Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Bürostuhls mit einem Skelett einer sitzenden Person zur Verdeutlichung der Wirkungsweise der Erfindung.

The accompanying drawings show in a purely schematic manner in FIG

FIG. 1

a front perspective view of an embodiment according to the present invention,

FIG. 2

a perspective rear view of an embodiment according to the present invention,

FIG. 3

a front perspective view of an embodiment according to the present invention according to Fig. 1 with indication of the cutting planes,

FIG. 4

a sectional perspective view taken along the line AA in FIG. 3 .

FIG. 5

a sectional perspective view taken along the line BB in FIG. 3 .

FIG. 6

a perspective sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. 3 .

FIG. 7

a perspective sectional view taken along the line DD in FIG. 3 .

FIG. 8th

a perspective sectional view along the line EE in FIG. 3 .

FIG. 9

a representation of an office chair as an example of a seat according to the invention and in

Fig. 10

a side view of an office chair according to the invention with a skeleton of a seated person to illustrate the operation of the invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

Further advantages, characteristics and features of the present invention will become apparent in the following detailed description of the embodiments, wherein the invention is not limited to these embodiments.

The FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a seat cushion 1 according to the invention in a perspective view from the front. The seat cushion 1 has a plate-shaped, in particular cuboidal basic shape, which defines a length L, a width B and a thickness D. In the embodiment shown, the plate-shaped basic shape has a front 6, a back 7 and two lateral sides 4 and 5, which are arranged substantially perpendicular to each other. However, it is also possible that the lateral boundary of the seat cushion 1 takes any shape, such as round, oval or arbitrarily curved shapes or the like.

The seat cushion 1 in its plate-shaped basic shape also has an upper side 2 and a lower side 3, wherein the seat surface 8 is formed on the upper side 2, while on the underside 3 either a smooth, flat or otherwise suitably shaped surface for support a seat or an arrangement for connection with a chair can be provided.

The seat surface 8 extends along the longitudinal extension and the width extension and, according to the invention, has a three-dimensional shape, so that elevations and / or depressions of the seat surface 8 result relative to a reference plane, which can be defined by the length and width of the seat cushion 1. For example, as a reference surface, the underside of the seat cushion 1 can be selected, which is defined by a flat surface with the side edges of the front 6, the lateral sides 4, 5 and the back 7. With respect to this reference plane then different heights D of the seat 8 arise (see 4 to 6 ), while in relation to a differently selected reference plane, which is arranged for example in the center of the seat cushion 1, notches may also be present in addition to elevations.

In the embodiment shown, the width of the seat cushion 1 may be, for example, in the size range of 40 to 60 cm, preferably 45 to 55 cm and especially 50 cm, while the length has a dimension of 35 to 60 cm, especially 40 to 50 cm and preferably may have 45 cm. The Height difference between the lowest point of the seat and the highest point of the seat can be in the range of 5 to 15 cm, preferably 7.5 to 12.5 cm and especially 9 to 10 cm. The total thickness of the seat cushion can be correspondingly in the range of 10 cm to 20 cm.

In the seat 8, two Sitzknorrenvertiefungen 11 are formed in the rear area, so close to the back 7, which are formed as cylindrical recesses. The bottom of the Sitzknorrenvertiefungen 11 represents the lowest point of the seat 8. However, it is also possible that the Sitzknorrenvertiefungen 11 are formed as through holes in the seat cushion 1. The Sitzknorrenvertiefungen 11 may have a diameter in the range of 4 to 8 cm, in particular 5 to 7 cm and preferably 6 cm. From the front 6 of the seat cushion 1, the center of the Sitzknorrenvertiefungen 11 in a range of 30 to 40 cm, in particular 33 to 37 cm, preferably be removed by 34 to 35 cm.

The two Sitzknorrenvertiefungen can be with your centers in a range of 8 to 12 cm, in particular 9 to 11 cm, preferably by 10 cm apart.

From the front side 6, a base surface 9 extends in the direction of the Sitzknorrenvertiefungen 11 which is formed isosceles and symmetrical in the form of a trapezoid and in the thickness direction D from the front 6 in the direction of Sitzknorrenvertiefungen 11 is sloping.

The base surface 9 of the seat 8 is enclosed by a top view U-shaped ridge 12 whose U-shape has two legs 14, 15 and a base 16, which are shown in dashed lines. The U-shaped ridge 12 rises in the direction of the thickness D from the free ends of the legs 14,15 on the front 6 in the direction of the base 16 so that the ridge 12 at the transition from the legs 14,15 to the base 16, the greatest height in the thickness direction D and in this area also represents the highest elevation of the seat 8. In the region of the base 16, the U-shaped ridge 12 has a depression 17 in the center relative to the width direction B for receiving the coccyx.

The U-shaped ridge 12 is in a cross-section, as will be seen later, a dome-shaped, with a sloping in the direction of the base surface 9 Supporting surface 10 results, with sloping with respect to the thickness direction D can be seen. In the area of the coccyx recess 17 there is a triangular depression 19 between the seat crenellation recesses 11. The support surfaces 10 serve to support the buttocks and the thighs and define the position of the seated person on the seat cushion 1, so that the seat crenels or ischial tuberosities of the person in the seat crenelations 11 protrude.

In the region of the U-shaped height back 12 or the support surfaces 10 in the region of the transition from the thighs 14, 15 of the U-shape to the base 16 of the U-shape, two cup-shaped depressions 18 are formed, which serve for receiving and supporting the hip joint. The cup-shaped hip joint recesses 18 may also be formed slightly inclined according to the sloping support surface 10 in which they are arranged, so that the edges of the hip joint recess are also oriented sloping towards the center of the seat cushion 1.

The diameter of the hip joint recesses 18 may be selected in the range of 5 cm, and the depression opposite to the surrounding support surface 10 may be 0.5 to 2 cm in the thickness direction D with respect to the deepest point of the hip joint depression 18.

The design of the seat surface 8 with the three-dimensional design described makes possible a multi-dimensional sitting which fully satisfies the ergonomic requirements and, in particular, the positioning of the thighs on the support surfaces 10 and the positioning of the buttocks and thighs by the U-shaped ridge 12 and the Sitzknorrenvertiefungen 11 allows optimal alignment of the pelvis when sitting, which also facilitates getting up because the user's pelvis is free to move due to the free movement of Sitzknorren and is not blocked by resting Sitzknorren.

The following FIGS. 2 to 8 show the embodiment of the seat cushion 1 of FIG. 1 in various sectional views and views, so that the three-dimensional design of the seat 8 and the seat cushion 1 are more clear overall.

In the FIG. 2 FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the seat cushion 1 from the side 5 and the rear side 7, wherein in particular the rear course of the U-shaped height back 12 and the tailbone recess 17 can be seen.

The FIG. 3 shows in a similar representation as the FIG. 1 the different sectional planes A - A to E - E in the FIGS. 4 to 8 are shown.

In the FIG. 4 , which shows a central section through the seat cushion 1 along the longitudinal direction along section line A - A, the tailbone recess 17 and a leg of the back height 12 with the support surface 10 can be seen.

The FIG. 5 shows a section along the section line B - B and thus a section through one of the Sitzknorrenvertiefungen 11, wherein additionally in the direction of the Sitzknorrenvertiefung 11 sloping base surface 9 and turn the circumferential ridge 12 can be seen with the support surface 10. Moreover, in the FIG. 5 to see that in the area of the front side 6, the seat 8 is rounded so that the seat 8 fits well in the knees of a user.

The FIG. 6 shows in a section along the section line C - C, the formation of the hip joint recess 18 in the support surface 10 of the U - shaped height back 12th

In the FIG. 7 In the sectional view along the line D - D, the two juxtaposed seat knuckle recesses 11 are shown, as well as the base of the U - shaped height back 12 with the tailbone recess 17 and the hip joint recesses 18.

The sectional view of the FIG. 8 along the section line E - E shows the dome-shaped or hill-shaped form of the backrest 12 with the supporting surface 10 sloping down to the base surface 9.

The FIG. 9 shows a schematic representation of a seating, in which the seat cushion 1 can find application. In the embodiment shown is an office chair 30 with a base 31 and a turnstile 32, are arranged on the rollers 33 for moving the office chair 30. At the turnstile 32, a column 34 is arranged, on which a suspension 35, a seat support 36 is arranged, which is movably mounted relative to the base with the turnstile 31 and the column 34, so that the seat support 36 relative to the Pillar 34 can be tilted in different directions. On the seat support 36, a seat cushion 1 is arranged, as shown in the FIGS. 1 to 8 is described. With such an office chair 30, not only multi-dimensional seating according to the three-dimensional seat surface 8 of the seat cushion 1 is possible, but multi-functional seating, since the user can tilt and turn the seat carrier 36 and thus the seat cushion 1 in different directions, so that an optimal sitting position with ergonomic orientation of the pelvis and the spine can be achieved. Instead of the illustrated embodiment of an office chair, of course, further seating with movable or non-movable base frames and / or non-movably mounted seat carriers are conceivable for use with the seat cushion according to the invention.

The FIG. 10 shows the office chair 30 with seat cushion 1 in use, showing the skeleton of the user. At the in FIG. 10 shown diffraction of the upper body of the user to the front of the seat support 36 also tilts forward, so that already an adaptation of the seat is given to the use situation. In addition, the arrows drawn in the region of the thigh make it clear that the load of the user is removed via the upper thighs, while the seat knot 38 is free and does not have to absorb any load. This also ensures that the pelvis, as also illustrated by the dashed double arrows, can be rotationally aligned, so that lateral loads on the spine can be avoided and a simple stand-up is possible. In addition, this can be achieved by an ergonomic sitting position, which significantly reduces the burden of the skeleton by sitting.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to these embodiments, but rather modifications are possible in the manner that individual features omitted or other combinations of features can be realized as long as the scope of protection of the appended claims is not abandoned. The present disclosure includes all combinations of the features presented.

Claims (12)

1. A seat cushion for resting on or being incorporated into a piece of seating furniture, having a plate-shaped basic shape which has a width, a length and a height, wherein the seat cushion comprises a seat surface (8) which is located on an upper side of the basic shape and extends along the width and length of the basic shape and has a three-dimensional surface shape with elevations and depressions in the direction of the thickness with respect to a plane spanned by the width and length, wherein the seat surface possesses, along the width direction, a front side (6), at which the user's legs can be disposed when sitting, and a rear side (7), at which the user's back can be disposed when sitting, wherein the seat surface (8) has at least one, preferably two, sitting-bone depressions (11) for receiving the sitting bones of a user, wherein the seat surface has, in a plan view of the seat surface, a U-shaped ridge (12) having a U-shape with a base (16) and two limbs (14, 15) disposed thereon, said ridge arranged with respect to the sitting-bone depressions (11) in such a way that the user sits with the thighs and the buttocks within a region which is enclosed in a U-shape by the ridge in such a way that the sitting bones project into the sitting-bone depressions, wherein, in the region enclosed in a U-shape between the limbs of the U-shape, a base surface (9) is formed which slopes down towards the sitting-bone depressions (11) and which in plan view has the shape of an isosceles and/or symmetrical trapezium,
   characterised in that
   the ridge (12) has a depression (17) in the centre of the base (16) of the U-shape for receiving the coccyx.
2. Seat cushion according to claim 1,
   characterised in that
   the U-shaped ridge (12) has a supporting surface (10) which slopes down in the direction of the thickness in the region enclosed in the U-shaped direction.
3. Seat cushion according to claim 1 or 2,
   characterised in that
   the height of the ridge (12) increases in the direction of the thickness with respect to a reference plane spanned by the width and length or with respect to the region enclosed in a U-shape by the free ends of the limbs (14, 15) of the U-shape in the direction of the base (16) of the U-shape.
4. Seat cushion according to any of the previous claims,
   characterised in that
   the U-shaped ridge (12) is formed as an edge boundary of the seat surface (8).
5. Seat cushion according to any of the previous claims,
   characterised in that
   a pan-shaped hip joint depression (18) is formed in the region of the transition from a limb (14, 15) of the U-shape to the base (16) of the U-shape.
6. Seat cushion according to claim 5,
   characterised in that
   the pan-shaped hip joint depression (18) is disposed in the ridge (12), especially in the supporting surface (10) which slopes down towards the region enclosed in a U-shape.
7. Seat cushion according to any of the previous claims,
   characterised in that
   the sitting-bone depression (11) has in plan view a circular or elliptical or oval shape and/or at least partially a cylindrical shape.
8. Seat cushion according to any of the previous claims,
   characterised in that
   the base surface (9), the support surface (10), the sitting-bone depressions (11) and/or the hip joint depressions (18) merge smoothly into one another.
9. Seat cushion according to any of the previous claims,
   characterised in that
   the seat cushion, especially the plate-shaped basic form, is formed from a foamed material, especially polyurethane foam.
10. Seat cushion according to any of the previous claims,
    characterised in that
    the seat cushion has a cover over the seat surface which comprises a textile cover and/or one or more foams, especially foams which are softer than the material of the plate-shaped basic shape, wherein preferably the cover forms a flat seat surface.
11. Seating furniture with a seat cushion according to any of the preceding claims.
12. Seating furniture according to claim 11,
    characterised in that
    the seat cushion is accommodated in a carrier structure (36) which is mounted movably relative to a base frame (31), especially movably in several degrees of freedom.

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