EP3047218B1 - Circuit de réfrigération avec module de récupération de chaleur et procédé pour opérer un tel circuit de réfrigération - Google Patents

Circuit de réfrigération avec module de récupération de chaleur et procédé pour opérer un tel circuit de réfrigération Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3047218B1
EP3047218B1 EP13763104.0A EP13763104A EP3047218B1 EP 3047218 B1 EP3047218 B1 EP 3047218B1 EP 13763104 A EP13763104 A EP 13763104A EP 3047218 B1 EP3047218 B1 EP 3047218B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
refrigerant
liquid
receiver
refrigeration circuit
Prior art date
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EP13763104.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3047218A1 (fr
Inventor
Sascha HELLMANN
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Carrier Corp
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Carrier Corp
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Priority to DK16165542.8T priority Critical patent/DK3086057T3/en
Priority to EP16165542.8A priority patent/EP3086057B1/fr
Publication of EP3047218A1 publication Critical patent/EP3047218A1/fr
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Publication of EP3047218B1 publication Critical patent/EP3047218B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/39—Dispositions with two or more expansion means arranged in series, i.e. multi-stage expansion, on a refrigerant line leading to the same evaporator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/027—Condenser control arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/06—Several compression cycles arranged in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/13—Economisers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/16—Receivers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/23—Separators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/05—Refrigerant levels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2519—On-off valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/04—Refrigerant level

Definitions

  • Refrigeration circuits comprising in the direction of flow of a circulating refrigerant a compressor, a gas cooler/condenser, an expansion device and an evaporator are known in the state of the art. It is also known to provide a heat recovery module in the refrigeration circuit in order to recover at least some of the energy used for compressing and heating the refrigerant.
  • thermodynamic point of view such heat recovery modules are applied in a very wide range (high temp heating, low temp heating,%) at maximum performance.
  • a wide-range applicability requires a lot of different parts, especially differently sized heat exchangers (e.g. brazed plate heat exchangers "BPHE") for the exchange of heat between the circulating refrigerant and an external heat recovery fluid, on stock to be used in the modules, the modules are very expensive, sometimes too expensive for customers.
  • BPHE brazed plate heat exchangers
  • WO 2012/168544 A1 discloses a refrigerant circuit having the features, as set out in the preamble of claim 1, and the corresponding features, as defined in claim 8.
  • WO 2013/004298 A1 discloses a refrigeration circuit configured for circulating a refrigerant and comprising in the direction of flow of the refrigerant a compressor, at least one condenser for rejecting heat to ambient air, an expansion device and an evaporator.
  • the refrigeration circuit further comprises a collecting container, the output of which being connected to the expansion device, a heat rejecting heat exchanger for heat exchange of the refrigerant to a heat pump system, the output of the heat rejecting heat exchanger being connected to the collecting container, and means for connecting the heat rejecting heat exchanger or at least one of the condenser(s) to the output of the compressor depending on the availability of cooling power at the heat rejecting heat exchanger.
  • US 2006/075775 A1 discloses a heat exchanger including a fluid inlet manifold, a fluid outlet manifold, a plurality of heat transfer channels configured to communicate with the fluid inlet manifold and the fluid outlet manifold, and packing located within the fluid inlet manifold.
  • US 2006/075775 A1 further discloses a refrigeration system including a compressor and at least one heat exchanger coupled to the compressor.
  • the at least one heat exchanger includes a header, packing located in the header, and a heat transfer channel.
  • the heat transfer channel is configured to receive fluid passing through the header and the packing.
  • a refrigeration circuit as set out in claim 1, is provided, which is configured for circulating a refrigerant, comprises in the direction of flow of the refrigerant: at least one compressor; at least one heat recovery heat exchanger; a gas/liquid separator; at least one gas cooler/condenser; at least one high-pressure expansion device; at least one receiver; and at least one evaporator with an evaporator associated expansion device fluidly connected upstream thereof.
  • the gas/liquid separator comprises a refrigerant inlet, which is fluidly connected to an outlet side of the at least one heat recovery exchanger, a gaseous phase outlet, which is fluidly connected to an inlet side of the at least gas cooler/condenser, and a liquid phase outlet, which is fluidly connected to the receiver.
  • the refrigeration circuit further comprises at least one switchable valve, which is switchable between a closed state and at least two different open states and configured for selectively opening and closing the liquid phase outlet line of the gas/ liquid separator; a liquid level sensor, which is configured for sensing the level of liquid refrigerant collected at the bottom of the gas/liquid separator; and a control unit, which is configured for controlling the at least one switchable valve based on the level of liquid refrigerant detected by the liquid level sensor
  • a method of operating a refrigeration circuit as set out in claim 8, is provided, the method comprises the steps of:
  • the step of separating the compressed refrigerant into a gaseous component and a liquid component is performed within a gas/liquid separator, the liquid component is collected within the gas/liquid separator and the method further comprises the step of determining the amount of liquid refrigerant collected within the gas/liquid separator.
  • the method of operating a refrigeration circuit further comprises the step of transferring liquid refrigerant from the gas/liquid separator to the receiver when the level of liquid refrigerant collected with the gas/liquid separator exceeds a predetermined level by opening a switchable valve provided between the gas/liquid separator and the receiver, wherein the method includes switching the switchable valve between a closed state and one of at least two different open states.
  • a method and a refrigeration circuit according to exemplary embodiments of the invention allow to use a single BPHE, instead of two or even more as in the common wide-range modules, in combination with a constant speed pump for flowing the external heat recovery fluid circuit through the BPHE, in order to account for the need of a cheaper version of the heat recovery module.
  • the gas/liquid separation according to the invention reliably avoids problems related to partial condensation of the refrigerant within or downstream of the heat recovery heat exchanger as according to exemplary embodiments of the invention the liquid component of the refrigerant is separated from the gaseous component and delivered directly to the receiver bypassing the gas cooler/condenser. This in particular avoids that condensed refrigerant is delivered into the gas cooler/condenser where it would deteriorate the gas cooler's/condenser's performance. It further avoids the need of lifting the liquid refrigerant to the level of the condenser/gas cooler, which may be provided at a level significantly above the level of the compressor(s) and the heat recovery module.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of an exemplary embodiment of a cooling system with a refrigeration circuit 1 comprising in the direction of the flow of a refrigerant, which is circulating within the refrigeration circuit 1 as indicated by the arrows A, a set 2 of compressors 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d connected in parallel to each other, a heat recovery heat exchanger 4, a gas/liquid separator 8, a gas cooler or condenser 10, a high pressure expansion device 12, which is configured to expand the refrigerant from high pressure to a lower medium pressure, a receiver (refrigerant collector) 14, an optional flash gas heat exchanger 16, an evaporator associated expansion device 18, which is configured to expand the refrigerant from medium pressure to low pressure, and an evaporator 20.
  • the outlet side of the evaporator 20 is fluidly connected to the suction (inlet) side of the compressors 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d completing the refrigerant cycle.
  • the exemplary embodiment of a refrigeration circuit 1 shown in figure 1 employs a one-stage compression by means of the compressors 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d connected in parallel and a two-stage expansion by successive expansions by means of the high pressure expansion device 12 and the subsequent evaporator associated expansion device 18.
  • Such a two-stage expansion is in particular employed when CO 2 is used as the refrigerant.
  • the invention may also applied to a refrigeration circuit 1 which employs a single-stage expansion by means of only an evaporator associated expansion device 18 arranged upstream of the evaporator 20 and in which the high pressure expansion device 12 is omitted.
  • An optional flash gas tapping line 21 fluidly connects an upper portion 14a of the receiver 14 to the inlet side of the compressors 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d allowing flash gas collecting in the upper portion 14a of the receiver 14 to bypass the evaporator 20.
  • a flash gas expansion device 22 is arranged in the flash gas tapping line 21 in order to expand the flash gas delivered from the receiver 14. Downstream of said flash gas expansion device 22 an optional flash gas heat exchanger 16 is provided in order to cool the expanded flash gas by means of heat exchange with the refrigerant supplied from the receiver 14 to the evaporator associated expansion device 18.
  • FIG. 1 comprises only a single gas cooler/condenser 10, a single medium pressure valve 18 and a single evaporator 20, respectively, it is self evident to the skilled person that a plurality of each of said components 10, 18, 20 respectively connected in parallel to each other may by provided in order to provide enhanced condensing and/or cooling capacities.
  • additional switchable valves may be provided in order to allow to selectively activate and deactivate one or more of the plurality of said components in order to adjust the condensing and/or cooling capacity to the actual needs.
  • a single compressor may be provided instead of the set 2 of a plurality of compressors 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d as it is shown in figure 1 .
  • Said single compressor or at least one of the plurality of compressors 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d may be a variable speed compressor allowing to control the cooling capacity provided by the refrigeration circuit 1 by controlling the speed of said compressor.
  • the compressed refrigerant leaving the set 2 of compressors 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d passes a refrigerant circuit side 4a of the heat recovery heat exchanger 4 for transferring heat from the refrigerant to an external heat recovery fluid circulating within a heat recovery fluid circuit 6 and flowing through a heat recovery fluid circuit side 4b of the heat recovery heat exchanger 4.
  • the heated external heat recovery fluid may be used e.g. for heating the building and/or providing heated water.
  • At least a portion of the refrigerant may condensate within or downstream of the heat recovery heat exchanger 4.
  • a refrigerant liquid gas mixture is present in the outlet line 7 of the refrigerant circuit side 4b of the heat recovery heat exchanger 4.
  • Liquid refrigerant entering the gas cooler/condenser 10 will deteriorate the gas cooler's/condenser's 10 performance and when the gas cooler/condenser 10 is installed at a significant higher level, i.e. at a vertical distance d of up to 20m with respect to the other components of the refrigeration circuit 1, the liquid component of the refrigerant may not be able to be transferred completely to the outlet side of the gas cooler/condenser 10, which will deteriorate the performance and efficiency of the refrigeration circuit 1 even further.
  • gas/liquid separator 8 is provided downstream of the refrigerant circuit side 4b of the heat recovery heat exchanger 4 in order to separate the liquid portion of the refrigerant leaving the heat recovery heat exchanger 4 from its gaseous component.
  • the gas/liquid separator 8 may be formed by a vessel or pipe having a significant larger cross-section/diameter than the outlet line 7 of the heat recovery heat exchanger 4, which also forms the inlet line 7 of the gas/liquid separator 8, in order to considerably reduce the velocity of the refrigerant allowing the liquid component of the refrigerant to separate from the refrigerant's gaseous component and to collect at the bottom 8a of the gas/liquid separator 8.
  • the cross-section or diameter of the gas/liquid separator 8 is four to five times larger that the diameter of the outlet line 7 and the velocity of the refrigerant is reduced from approx. 9 m/s at the outlet of the compressors 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d to approx. 0,3 m/s within the vessel or pipe of the gas/liquid separator 8.
  • the gaseous component of the refrigerant leaves the gas/liquid separator 8 via the gas/liquid separator's 8 gaseous phase outlet line 9 fluidly connecting the top 8b of the gas/liquid separator 8 to the inlet side of the gas cooler/condenser 10.
  • the gaseous component of the refrigerant is gas cooled and/or condensed within the gas cooler/condenser 10, expanded by the high-pressure expansion device 12 fluidly connected to the outlet side of the gas cooler/condenser 10 and delivered into the receiver 14, which is fluidly connected to the outlet side of the high-pressure expansion device 12.
  • a liquid phase outlet line 13 of the gas/liquid separator 8 is fluidly connected to the bottom 8a of the gas/liquid separator 8 allowing to transfer liquid refrigerant, which has collected at the bottom 8a of the gas/liquid separator 8, into the receiver 14.
  • At least one switchable valve 24 is arranged in the liquid phase outlet line 13 allowing to selectively open and close the fluid connection between the gas/liquid separator 8 and the receiver 14.
  • the gas/liquid separator 8 is further provided with a liquid level sensor 26, which is configured for sensing the level of liquid refrigerant collected at the bottom 8a of the gas/liquid separator 8.
  • the liquid level sensor 26 is functionally connected to a control unit 28, which is configured for opening the at least one switchable valve 24 when the level of liquid refrigerant collected in the gas/liquid separator 8 exceeds a first predetermined level and for closing the at least one switchable valve 24 when the level of liquid refrigerant collected in the gas/liquid separator 8 falls below a second predetermined level, which is equal or lower than the first predetermined level.
  • Closing the at least one switchable valve 24 avoids that gaseous refrigerant may bypass the gas cooler/condenser 10 via the liquid phase outlet line 13 in case the level of liquid refrigerant collected at the bottom 8a of the gas/liquid separator 8 is so low that it allows gaseous refrigerant to enter the liquid phase outlet line 13 .
  • the liquid level sensor 26 may be a mechanical or electromechanical flush type fluid indicator or an electronic level sensor.
  • the switchable valve 24 may be a simple on/off-valve, having only a closed state and a single open state.
  • the switchable valve 24 may have two or more different open states providing at least two different open cross-sections allowing to regulate the flow of liquid refrigerant form the gas/liquid separator 8 to the receiver even more accurately.
  • the open cross-section of the switchable valve 24 may be controlled continuously for allowing an even finer control of the flow of liquid refrigerant out of the gas/liquid separator 8.
  • At least one additional switchable valve 25 is connected in parallel to the switchable valve 24. Providing two or more switchable valves 24, 25 connected in parallel allows to control the amount of liquid refrigerant flowing out of the gas/liquid separator 8 by selectively opening one or more of said switchable valves 24, 25.
  • the switchable valves 24, 25 may have the same or different open cross-sections (Kv-values).
  • the refrigeration circuit comprises at least one switchable valve configured for selectively opening and closing the liquid-outlet of the gas/liquid separator.
  • the refrigeration circuit further comprises a liquid level sensor, which is configured for detecting the amount of liquid refrigerant present in the gas/liquid separator, and a control unit, which is configured for operating the at least one switchable valve based on the amount of liquid refrigerant detected by the liquid level sensor.
  • the control unit may be integrated with the liquid level sensor or the switchable valve or may be provided as a separate unit.
  • Controlling the at least one switchable valve based on the level of liquid refrigerant collected within the gas/liquid separator allows liquid refrigerant to flow from the gas/liquid separator into the receiver, but avoids gaseous refrigerant from flowing from the gas/liquid separator into the receiver bypassing the gas cooler/condenser.
  • the switchable valve is switchable between a closed state and at least two different open states. Providing a switchable valve having at least two different open states allows to control the flow of liquid refrigerant from the gas/liquid separator into the receiver more accurately. In one embodiment the switchable valve may by controlled continuously which allows an even finer control of the flow of liquid refrigerant from the gas/liquid separator into the receiver.
  • the refrigeration circuit comprises at least two switchable valves, which are connected in parallel. Selectively opening and closing one or more of the at least two switchable valves allows to control the flow of liquid refrigerant from the gas/liquid separator into the receiver more accurately.
  • the switchable valves may have the same or different open cross-sections/Kv-values. Providing switchable valves having different open cross-sections/Kv-values provides additional options for regulating the flow of refrigerant.
  • the at least one gas cooler/condenser is arranged at a level above the level of the heat recovery heat-exchanger in order to improve a flow of air flowing through the gas cooler/condenser, which will enhance the gas cooler's/condenser's gas cooling capabilities.
  • the gas cooler/condenser may in particular be arranged up to approximately 20 meter above the level of the heat recovery heat-exchanger, e.g. on top of the building housing the refrigeration circuit.
  • the refrigeration circuit comprises at least one additional (high-pressure) expansion device fluidly connected between the gas cooler/ condenser and the receiver in order to provide, in combination with the evaporator associated expansion device arranged upstream of the evaporator, a two-stage expansion enhancing the performance and efficiency of the refrigeration circuit.
  • the refrigeration circuit comprises a flash gas tapping line fluidly connecting an upper portion of the receiver to the inlet side of the at least one compressor.
  • a flash gas expansion device may be arranged within the flash gas tapping line.
  • the bypass-line may further comprise a flash gas heat-exchanger arranged downstream of the flash gas expansion device which is configured for heat-exchange of the flash gas with refrigerant flowing from the receiver to the evaporator.
  • Such a flash gas tapping line may help to enhance the performance and efficiency of the refrigeration circuit.
  • At least one compressor is configured as a variable speed compressor allowing to control the cooling capacity provided by the refrigeration circuit by controlling the speed of said compressor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Circuit de réfrigération (1) conçu pour faire circuler un agent réfrigérant et comprenant dans la direction d'écoulement de l'agent réfrigérant :
    au moins un compresseur (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) ;
    au moins un échangeur thermique à récupération de chaleur (4) ;
    un séparateur gaz/liquide (8) ;
    au moins un refroidisseur/condenseur de gaz (10) ;
    au moins un dispositif d'expansion haute-pression (12) ;
    un récepteur (14) ; et
    au moins un évaporateur (20) avec au moins un dispositif d'expansion associé à l'évaporateur (18) relié de manière fluidique en amont de celui-ci ;
    dans lequel le séparateur gaz/liquide (8) comprend :
    une conduite d'entrée d'agent réfrigérant (7) reliée de manière fluidique à un côté sortie de l'au moins un échangeur thermique à récupération de chaleur (4) ;
    une conduite de sortie de phase gazeuse (9) reliée de manière fluidique à un côté entrée de l'au moins un refroidisseur/condenseur de gaz (10) ; et
    une conduite de sortie de phase liquide (13) reliée de manière fluidique au récepteur (14) ;
    dans lequel le circuit de réfrigération (1) comprend en outre :
    au moins une vanne commutable (24), qui peut être commutée entre un état fermé et au moins deux états ouverts différents et conçue pour ouvrir et fermer de manière sélective la conduite de sortie de phase liquide (13) du séparateur gaz/liquide (8) et une unité de commande (28), caractérisé par
    un capteur de niveau de liquide (26), qui est conçu pour détecter le niveau d'agent réfrigérant liquide collecté au fond (8a) du séparateur gaz/liquide (8) ; et
    en ce que l'unité de commande (28), étant configurée pour commander l'au moins une vanne commutable (24) sur la base du niveau d'agent réfrigérant liquide, est détectée par le capteur de niveau de liquide (26).
  2. Circuit de réfrigération (1) selon la revendication 1, comprenant au moins deux vannes commutables (24, 25), qui sont reliées en parallèle.
  3. Circuit de réfrigération (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'au moins un refroidisseur/condenseur de gaz (10) est agencé à un niveau au-dessus du niveau de l'échangeur thermique à récupération de chaleur (4).
  4. Circuit de réfrigération (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant au moins un dispositif d'expansion haute pression (12) relié de manière fluidique entre le refroidisseur/condenseur de gaz (10) et le récepteur (14).
  5. Circuit de réfrigération (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant une conduite de prélèvement de vapeur instantanée (21) reliant de manière fluidique une partie supérieure du récepteur (14) à un côté entrée de l'au moins un compresseur (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d).
  6. Circuit de réfrigération (1) selon la revendication 5, dans lequel un dispositif d'expansion de vapeur instantanée (22) est agencé à l'intérieur de la conduite de prélèvement de vapeur instantanée (21).
  7. Circuit de réfrigération (1) selon la revendication 5, dans lequel la conduite de prélèvement de vapeur instantanée (21) comprend un échangeur thermique de vapeur instantanée (16) qui est agencé en aval du dispositif d'expansion de vapeur instantanée (22) et conçu pour l'échange thermique de la vapeur instantanée avec l'agent réfrigérant s'écoulant du récepteur (14) à l'évaporateur (20).
  8. Procédé pour opérer un circuit de réfrigération (1) comprenant les étapes :
    de compression d'un agent réfrigérant par au moins un compresseur (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) ;
    de fourniture d'un échange thermique à récupération de chaleur entre l'agent réfrigérant comprimé et un fluide de récupération de chaleur externe ;
    de séparation de l'agent réfrigérant comprimé en un composant gazeux et un composant liquide, dans lequel le composant gazeux est refroidi et/ou condensé, partiellement dilaté et acheminé dans un récepteur (14) ; et le composant liquide est acheminé directement dans le récepteur (14) ;
    d'expansion du composant gazeux prélevé du récepteur (14) et de réacheminement dudit composant expansé dans un côté entrée de l'au moins un compresseur (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) ; et
    d'expansion et d'évaporation d'un agent réfrigérant liquéfié prélevé à partir du récepteur (14) et de réacheminement dudit agent réfrigérant évaporé dans le côté entrée de l'au moins un compresseur (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) ;
    dans lequel l'étape de séparation de l'agent réfrigérant comprimé en un composant gazeux et un composant liquide est effectuée à l'intérieur d'un séparateur gaz/liquide (8), le composant liquide est collecté à l'intérieur du séparateur gaz/liquide (8) et le procédé comprend en outre l'étape de détermination de la quantité d'agent réfrigérant liquide collectée à l'intérieur du séparateur gaz/liquide (8), et
    dans lequel le procédé comprend en outre l'étape de transfert d'agent réfrigérant liquide du séparateur gaz/liquide (8) au récepteur (14) lorsque le niveau d'agent réfrigérant liquide collecté avec le séparateur gaz/liquide (8) dépasse un niveau prédéterminé en ouvrant une vanne commutable (24) prévue entre le séparateur gaz/liquide (8) et le récepteur (14), dans lequel le procédé comprend la commutation de la vanne commutable (24) entre un état fermé et un d'au moins deux états ouverts différents.
  9. Procédé pour opérer un circuit de réfrigération (1) selon la revendication 8, comprenant en outre les étapes de fourniture d'un échange thermique entre l'agent réfrigérant gazeux prélevé expansé et l'agent réfrigérant liquide acheminé à partir du récepteur (14).
EP13763104.0A 2013-09-19 2013-09-19 Circuit de réfrigération avec module de récupération de chaleur et procédé pour opérer un tel circuit de réfrigération Active EP3047218B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK16165542.8T DK3086057T3 (en) 2013-09-19 2013-09-19 COOLING CIRCUIT WITH HEAT RECOVERY MODULE
EP16165542.8A EP3086057B1 (fr) 2013-09-19 2013-09-19 Circuit de réfrigération avec module de récupération de chaleur

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2013/069510 WO2015039688A1 (fr) 2013-09-19 2013-09-19 Circuit de réfrigération avec module de récupération de chaleur

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16165542.8A Division-Into EP3086057B1 (fr) 2013-09-19 2013-09-19 Circuit de réfrigération avec module de récupération de chaleur
EP16165542.8A Division EP3086057B1 (fr) 2013-09-19 2013-09-19 Circuit de réfrigération avec module de récupération de chaleur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3047218A1 EP3047218A1 (fr) 2016-07-27
EP3047218B1 true EP3047218B1 (fr) 2021-04-28

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EP16165542.8A Active EP3086057B1 (fr) 2013-09-19 2013-09-19 Circuit de réfrigération avec module de récupération de chaleur
EP13763104.0A Active EP3047218B1 (fr) 2013-09-19 2013-09-19 Circuit de réfrigération avec module de récupération de chaleur et procédé pour opérer un tel circuit de réfrigération

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US (1) US20160231040A1 (fr)
EP (2) EP3086057B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN105556220B (fr)
DK (2) DK3047218T3 (fr)
RU (1) RU2659679C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015039688A1 (fr)

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EP3023712A1 (fr) * 2014-11-19 2016-05-25 Danfoss A/S Procédé pour commander un système de compression de vapeur avec un récepteur
ES2939551T3 (es) * 2015-02-09 2023-04-24 Carrier Corp Sistema de refrigeración y calefacción
US10415859B2 (en) 2015-07-01 2019-09-17 Trane International Inc. Heat recovery system with liquid separator application
EP3371523B1 (fr) * 2015-11-05 2020-05-06 Danfoss A/S Procédé de commutation de capacité de compresseur
WO2017184429A1 (fr) * 2016-04-18 2017-10-26 Johnson Controls Technology Company Système condenseur évaporateur doté de sous-refroidisseur, pour systèmes frigorifiques
PL3628940T3 (pl) 2018-09-25 2022-08-22 Danfoss A/S Sposób sterowania systemem sprężania pary na podstawie szacowanego przepływu
PL3628942T3 (pl) 2018-09-25 2021-10-04 Danfoss A/S Sposób sterowania układem sprężania pary przy zmniejszonym ciśnieniu ssania
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2016115092A (ru) 2017-10-24
US20160231040A1 (en) 2016-08-11
RU2659679C2 (ru) 2018-07-03
EP3047218A1 (fr) 2016-07-27
WO2015039688A1 (fr) 2015-03-26
EP3086057B1 (fr) 2018-06-13
DK3086057T3 (en) 2018-09-17
CN105556220A (zh) 2016-05-04
CN105556220B (zh) 2019-01-22
EP3086057A1 (fr) 2016-10-26
DK3047218T3 (da) 2021-07-05

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