EP3039292B1 - Compresseur hermétique à va-et-vient thermiquement amélioré - Google Patents

Compresseur hermétique à va-et-vient thermiquement amélioré Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3039292B1
EP3039292B1 EP13756871.3A EP13756871A EP3039292B1 EP 3039292 B1 EP3039292 B1 EP 3039292B1 EP 13756871 A EP13756871 A EP 13756871A EP 3039292 B1 EP3039292 B1 EP 3039292B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder block
compressor
exhaust
valve plate
hollow part
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EP13756871.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3039292A1 (fr
Inventor
Ismail YESILAYDIN
Cihan Gunduz
Erhan Kasapoglu
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Arcelik AS
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Arcelik AS
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Publication of EP3039292A1 publication Critical patent/EP3039292A1/fr
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/0027Pulsation and noise damping means
    • F04B39/0055Pulsation and noise damping means with a special shape of fluid passage, e.g. bends, throttles, diameter changes, pipes
    • F04B39/0061Pulsation and noise damping means with a special shape of fluid passage, e.g. bends, throttles, diameter changes, pipes using muffler volumes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/0027Pulsation and noise damping means
    • F04B39/0055Pulsation and noise damping means with a special shape of fluid passage, e.g. bends, throttles, diameter changes, pipes
    • F04B39/0072Pulsation and noise damping means with a special shape of fluid passage, e.g. bends, throttles, diameter changes, pipes characterised by assembly or mounting
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/12Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder heads; Fluid connections
    • F04B39/125Cylinder heads

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a reciprocating hermetic compressor for use in refrigeration appliance such as a domestic refrigerator and a refrigeration appliance having the same.
  • the present invention more particularly relates to an exhaust passage to an exhaust silencer of a reciprocating hermetic compressor.
  • a refrigeration appliance such as a domestic refrigerator typically utilizes a reciprocating hermetic compressor to convey the refrigerant from an evaporator to a condenser.
  • the reciprocating hermetic compressor generally comprises a compression chamber, an intake chamber, and an exhaust chamber.
  • the intake chamber is located on a downstream side of the evaporator whereas the exhaust chamber is located on an upstream side of the condenser.
  • the compression chamber is formed within the cylinder block.
  • the intake chamber and the exhaust chamber are separately formed within the cylinder head.
  • a valve plate is interposed between the cylinder block and the cylinder head. By virtue of the valve plate, the compression chamber is selectively brought into fluid connection with the intake chamber and the exhaust chamber.
  • the valve plate generally comprises an intake port and exhaust port.
  • the intake port and exhaust port are typically configured by diaphragm check valves which allow the refrigerant to flow only in a single direction.
  • the intake port fluidly connects the intake chamber with the compression chamber upon suction of a piston located in the compression chamber.
  • the exhaust port fluidly connects the compression chamber with the exhaust chamber upon compression of the piston.
  • the reciprocating movement of the piston induces pressure waves in the refrigerant, which have a detrimental effect on the components of the compressor. Therefore, the refrigerant in the exhaust chamber is initially guided through an exhaust passage to an exhaust silencer for attenuating the pressure pulsation of the refrigerant, prior to returning the exhaust refrigerant to a refrigeration circuit of the refrigeration appliance.
  • the exhaust passage is generally formed inside the cylinder block whereas the exhaust silencer is directly mounted onto the cylinder block.
  • the exhaust silencer has an inlet which is fluidly connected to the exhaust passage.
  • the outlet of the exhaust silencer is fluidly connected to an exhaust tube which returns the exhaust refrigerant to the refrigeration circuit.
  • the temperature of the refrigerant in the exhaust chamber is considerably higher than the temperature of the refrigerant in the intake chamber due to the compression effectuated to the refrigerant by the piston. Consequently, the excess heat of the refrigerant in the exhaust passage is partly released to the cylinder block, and therefrom transferred to other components of the compressor such as the compression chamber, the intake chamber, a motor and the like which are in the vicinity of the exhaust passage. Hence, an overall efficiency of the compressor decreases. Therefore, heat transfer from the exhaust refrigerant to the aforementioned critical components of the compressor must be reduced.
  • US 5,288,212 (A ) discloses a hermetic reciprocating compressor which includes an exhaust chamber and an intake chamber wherein the cover walls of the exhaust chamber and an intake chamber are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined clearance.
  • a thermal insulation plate is installed in the intake chamber.
  • European Patent Application EP 1 942 274 A1 discloses a compressor for a car conditioner comprising a rear housing with a suction chamber and a discharge chamber that communicate via a valve plate with cylinder bores in a cylinder block.
  • a muffler is formed by a cylindrical wall formed on the outer surface of the cylinder block, and a communication passage is formed through the cylinder block, the valve plate and the rear housing to communicate the muffler with the discharge chamber.
  • An objective of the present invention is to provide a reciprocating hermetic compressor, and a refrigeration appliance having the same, which overcomes the aforementioned problems, and effectively reduces heat transfer from the exhaust refrigerant to the critical components of the compressor.
  • This objective has been achieved by the reciprocating hermetic compressor according to the present invention as defined in claim 1, and the refrigeration appliance according to the present invention as defined in claim 15. Further achievements have been attained by the subject-matters respectively defined in the dependent claims.
  • the exhaust silencer for attenuating pressure pulsation of a refrigerant received from the exhaust chamber is separately provided from the cylinder block and the cylinder head.
  • the compressor according to the present invention further comprises a metal silencer tube for guiding the refrigerant from the exhaust chamber to the exhaust silencer and a metal mounting piece having a hollow part fluidly joined to an opening of an end portion of the silencer tube which are together form-fittingly embedded into a notch formed into the cylinder block, wherein the hollow part is arranged in fluid communication with the exhaust chamber via a through hole formed in the valve plate.
  • the silencer tube between the mounting piece and the exhaust silencer is installed external to the cylinder block.
  • the refrigerant in the exhaust chamber is fed into the remote exhaust silencer without contacting the cylinder block. Consequently, the aforementioned compressor components remain at relatively low operating temperatures. With each stroke of the piston, more refrigerant can be trapped into the compression chamber. Thereby, the volumetric efficiency of the compressor increases.
  • the exhaust silencer is directly installed between the metal silencer tube and an exhaust tube which leads to an outside of the compressor housing. Thereby, any mechanical parts necessary for mounting the exhaust silencer onto the cylinder block have been dispensed with. Moreover, a compact compressor has been attained.
  • a thermal insulation material is arranged into the notch for thermally insulating the metal mounting piece from the cylinder block.
  • a resilient material is arranged into the notch for biasing the mounting piece towards the front surface of the cylinder block.
  • the resilient material also contributes to thermal insulation of the exhaust refrigerant.
  • the hollow part has a circular aperture.
  • the aperture has an area which is equal to or larger than an area of an inner cross-section of the silencer tube. Thereby, uniform flow impedance is attained. A pressure drop in the exhaust refrigerant flow is prevented and an efficient operation of the compressor is safeguarded.
  • the hollow part has an oval aperture. Thereby, a width of the hollow part is reduced without compromising flow impedance.
  • the notch is formed into the cylinder block at a position which opposes the exhaust chamber.
  • the through hole is formed in the valve plate at a position which establishes the shortest refrigerant flow path from the exhaust chamber to the hollow part. Thereby, the exhaust refrigerant is immediately guided into the silencer tube.
  • the notch is formed into an unthreaded portion of one anchor bore for receiving a fastening screw, particularly at a position opposing the exhaust chamber.
  • the through hole is similarly formed in the valve plate at a position which establishes the shortest refrigerant flow path from the exhaust chamber to the hollow part.
  • the notch is configured as a combination of a blind bore and a slot which are joined together.
  • the blind bore is formed into a front portion of the cylinder block whereas the slot is formed into a lateral portion of the cylinder block.
  • the mounting piece is seated in the blind bore whereas the silencer tube sideways clamped into said slot.
  • the mounting piece is a metal bushing fluidly joined to silencer tube by a welding joint.
  • a base portion of the bushing is gas-tightly closed by a metal plate.
  • a base portion of the metal bushing is only partly closed by a metal plate which has an annular opening for a screw to penetrate into a threaded portion of anchor bore when fastening the cylinder parts to each other.
  • a flat ring gasket is arranged on a base portion of the metal bushing for gas-tightly sealing a refrigerant flow path.
  • a head gasket is interposed between the cylinder block and the valve plate and another head gasket is interposed between the valve plate and the cylinder head.
  • Both head gaskets have respective through holes opposing the through hole in the valve plate for providing a refrigerant flow path from the exhaust chamber to the mounting piece.
  • the cylinder head is made of metal, preferably aluminum.
  • the aluminum cylinder head has improved corrosion resistance.
  • both the silencer tube and the mounting piece are made of metal, preferably steel. Thereby, the silencer tube can be easily joined to the mounting piece by welding. Such welding joint is robust and also reliable in view of gas-tightness.
  • the reciprocating hermetic compressor (1) (briefly compressor (1)) is suitable for use in a refrigeration appliance, in particular a domestic refrigerator (not shown).
  • the compressor (1) comprises a cylinder block (2) having a compression chamber (3) and a cylinder head (4) having an intake chamber (5) and separately therefrom, an exhaust chamber (6), each being in fluid connection with the compression chamber (3) through a valve plate (7) interposed between a front surface of the cylinder block (2) and the cylinder head (4) ( Fig. 1 ).
  • the compressor (1) further comprises an exhaust silencer, separately provided from the cylinder block (2) and the cylinder head (4), for attenuating pressure pulsation of a refrigerant received from the exhaust chamber (6), a metal silencer tube (8) for guiding the refrigerant from the exhaust chamber (6) to the exhaust silencer and a metal mounting piece (9) having a hollow part (10) fluidly joined to an opening of an end portion of the silencer tube (8) which are form-fittingly embedded into a notch (11) formed in the cylinder block (2), wherein the hollow part (10) is in fluid communication with the exhaust chamber (6) via a through hole (12) formed in the valve plate (7) ( Figs. 2-5 ; Figs. 12-15 ).
  • the valve plate (7) includes an intake port (27) and an exhaust port (28) each for selectively letting the refrigerant pass through ( Fig.4 and 5 ; Figs. 14 and 15 ).
  • the intake port (12) and exhaust port (13) are configured by lift-check valves. Alternatively, diaphragm check valves can be used.
  • the refrigerant is drawn into intake chamber (27) through a suction muffler (29) ( Figs. 4 and 5 ; Figs. 14 and 15 ).
  • the cylinder head (4) and the cylinder block (2) respectively have a plurality of screw holes (15) and corresponding anchor bores (16) each having a threaded portion, for fastening the cylinder parts together by a plurality of corresponding screws (17) ( Figs.
  • the compressor (1) has a first head gasket (23) interposed between the cylinder block (2) and the valve plate (7) and a second head gasket (25) interposed between the valve plate (7) and the cylinder head (4) ( Figs. 4 and 5 ; Figs. 14 and 15 ).
  • the compressor (1) comprises a thermal insulation member (13) arranged into the notch (11) at an interface between the mounting piece (9) and the cylinder block (2) ( Figs. 17 , 20 and 21 ).
  • the thermal insulation member (13) is made from a thermally insulating material such as a mineral fiber or the like.
  • the compressor (1) comprises a resilient member (14) arranged into the notch (11) at an interface between the cylinder block (2) and a base portion of the mounting piece (9) to bias the mounting piece (9) towards the front surface of the cylinder block (2), opposing the valve plate (7) ( Figs. 4 and 5 ; Fig. 14 ).
  • the resilient member (13) is made from an elastomer material.
  • the hollow part (10) has a circular cross-section along a direction perpendicular to the front surface of the cylinder block (2) ( Figs. 6 and 7 ).
  • the hollow part (10) has an oval cross-section along a direction perpendicular to the front surface of the cylinder block (2) ( Figs. 8 and 9 ).
  • the cross-section of the hollow part (10) has an area which is equal to or larger than an area of an inner cross-section of the silencer tube (8) ( Figs. 6 to 9 ).
  • the notch (11) is formed into the cylinder block (2) at a location opposing the exhaust chamber (6) ( Figs. 4 and 5 ).
  • the through hole (12) is formed in the valve plate (7) at a location intersected by a virtual straight line connecting the exhaust chamber (6) and the hollow part (10) ( Figs. 4 and 5 ).
  • the through hole is aligned with the exhaust chamber (6) and the hollow part (10) to form the shortest flow path.
  • both the notch (11) and through hole (12) are formed at an alternative position.
  • the notch (11) is formed into an unthreaded portion of one anchor bore (16) at a location opposing the exhaust chamber (6); and the through hole (12) is formed in the valve plate (7) at a location intersected by a virtual straight line connecting the exhaust chamber (6) and the hollow part (10) ( Figs. 14 to 16 ).
  • the through hole is again aligned with the exhaust chamber (6) and the hollow part (10) to form the shortest flow path.
  • the notch (11) includes a blind bore (18) formed into a front portion of the cylinder block (2), extending in a direction perpendicular to the front surface of the cylinder block (2); and a slot (19) formed into a lateral portion of the cylinder block (2), joining to the bore (18) and extending in a direction perpendicular to a front surface of the cylinder block (2) ( Figs. 4 and 5 ; Fig. 14 and 15 ).
  • the mounting piece (9) is seated in said bore (18) while clamping the silencer tube (8) into said slot (19) ( Figs. 2 and 3 ; Figs. 12 and 13 ).
  • the mounting piece (9) and the silencer tube (8) are tightly fastened into the notch (11) when cylinder parts are fixed together by the screws (17) ( Figs. 4 and 5 ; Figs. 14 and 15 ). No further auxiliary fixing elements are required.
  • the mounting piece (9) is a metal bushing.
  • the interior of the bushing configures the hollow part (10) ( Figs. 10 and 11 ; Figs. 18 to 21 ).
  • the metal silencer tube (8) is fluidly joined to the hollow part (10), by a welding joint at an outer side portion of the bushing ( Figs. 6 to 9 ).
  • the base portion of the bushing which abuts against the cylinder block (2) is gas-tightly closed by a first metal plate (20) ( Figs. 4, 5 , and 11 ).
  • the base portion of the metal bushing which abuts against the cylinder block is only partly closed by a second metal plate (21) which has an annular opening to allow a corresponding screw (17) to penetrate into a threaded portion of said one anchor bore (16) ( Figs. 15 , and 18 to 21 ).
  • a flat ring gasket (22) is arranged underneath the base portion of the metal bushing which abuts against the cylinder block (2), for gas-tightly sealing an interface between the mounting piece (9) and the cylinder block (2) ( Figs. 19 and 21 ).
  • the first head gasket (23) has a first through hole (24) formed at a location opposing said through hole (12) of the valve plate (7); and the second head gasket (25) has a second through (26) hole formed at a location opposing said through hole (12) of the valve plate (7).
  • the first through hole (24) and the second through hole (26) define together with the through hole (12) in the valve plate (7) a refrigerant flow path from the exhaust chamber (6) to the hollow part (10) ( Fig. 4 and 5 ; Figs. 14 and 15 ).
  • the refrigeration appliance (not shown) comprises refrigeration circuit for circulating a refrigerant, which includes a compressor (1) as defined in any one of the above embodiments, a condenser, and an expansion valve.
  • the refrigeration appliance according to the present invention may be a refrigeration appliance particularly suitable for domestic use.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Compresseur (1) destiné à être utilisé dans un appareil de réfrigération, en particulier un réfrigérateur domestique, comprenant un bloc-cylindres (2) comportant une chambre de compression (3) et une culasse (4) comportant une chambre d'admission (5) et séparément de celle-ci, une chambre d'échappement (6), chacune étant en liaison fluidique avec la chambre de compression (3) à travers une plaque de soupape (7) interposée entre une surface avant du bloc-cylindres (2) et la culasse (4),
    comprenant en outre un silencieux d'échappement, fourni séparément du bloc-cylindres (2) et de la culasse (4), pour atténuer la pulsation de pression d'un réfrigérant reçu de la chambre d'échappement (6),
    caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend
    - un tube silencieux métallique (8) pour guider le réfrigérant de la chambre d'échappement (6) vers le silencieux d'échappement et
    - une pièce de montage (9) en métal ayant une partie creuse (10) reliée de manière fluide à une ouverture d'une partie d'extrémité du tube silencieux (8) formée de manière appropriée dans une encoche (11) formée dans le bloc-cylindres (2), dans lequel la partie creuse (10) est en communication fluidique avec la chambre d'échappement (6) par l'intermédiaire d'un trou traversant (12) formé dans la plaque de soupape (7),
    dans lequel le tube silencieux (8) entre la pièce de montage (9) et le silencieux d'échappement est installé à l'extérieur du bloc-cylindres (2).
  2. Compresseur (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par un élément isolant thermique (13) agencé dans l'encoche (11) à une interface entre la pièce de montage (9) et le bloc-cylindres (2).
  3. Compresseur (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par un élément élastique (14) agencé dans l'encoche (11) à une interface entre le bloc-cylindres (2) et une partie de base de la pièce de montage (9) en biais la pièce de montage (9) vers la surface avant du bloc-cylindres (2), opposée à la plaque de soupape (7).
  4. Compresseur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la partie creuse (10) a une section transversale circulaire selon une direction perpendiculaire à la surface avant du bloc-cylindres (2).
  5. Compresseur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la partie creuse (10) a une section ovale transversale selon une direction perpendiculaire à la surface avant du bloc-cylindres (2).
  6. Compresseur (1) selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que ladite section transversale présente une zone égale ou supérieure à la section transversale intérieure du tube silencieux (8).
  7. Compresseur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'encoche (11) est formée dans le bloc-cylindres (2) en un endroit opposé à la chambre d'échappement (6) et le trou de passage (12) est formé dans la plaque de soupape (7) à un emplacement intersecté par une ligne droite virtuelle reliant la chambre d'échappement (6) et la partie creuse (10).
  8. Compresseur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la culasse (4) et le bloc-cylindres (2) comportent respectivement une pluralité de trous de vis (15) et des alésages d'ancrage correspondants (16) une partie filetée, pour fixer les parties de cylindre ensemble par une pluralité de vis correspondantes (17), l'encoche (11) est formée en une partie non filetée d'un alésage d'ancrage (16) en un emplacement opposé à la chambre d'échappement (6) et à la partie (12) est formé dans la plaque de soupape (7) à un emplacement intersecté par une ligne droite virtuelle reliant la chambre d'échappement (6) et la partie creuse (10).
  9. Compresseur (1) selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que l'encoche (11) comprend un alésage borgne (18) formé dans une partie avant du bloc-cylindres (2) s'étendant dans une direction perpendiculaire à la surface avant de le bloc-cylindres (2) et une fente (19) formée dans une partie latérale du bloc-cylindres (2), se joignant à l'alésage (18) et s'étendant dans une direction perpendiculaire à la surface avant du bloc-cylindres (2) dans lequel la pièce de montage (9) est assise dans ledit alésage (18), et dans lequel le tube silencieux (8) est serré dans ladite fente (19).
  10. Compresseur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que la pièce de montage (9) est une douille métallique, dans laquelle l'intérieur de la douille configure la partie creuse (10) et le tube silencieux métallique (8) est relié de manière fluide à la partie creuse (10) par un joint de soudage au niveau d'une partie latérale extérieure de la douille.
  11. Compresseur (1) selon la revendication 10, selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'une partie de base de la douille coopérant contre le bloc-cylindres (2) est fermée par un gaz par une première plaque de métal (20).
  12. Compresseur (1) selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce qu'une partie de base de la douille métallique coopérant contre le bloc-cylindres n'est partiellement fermée que par une seconde plaque métallique (21) ayant une ouverture annulaire pour permettre à une vis correspondante (17) pénètrent dans une partie filetée dudit premier alésage d'ancrage (16).
  13. Compresseur (1) selon la revendication 12, caractérisé par un joint d'anneau plat (22) agencé sur une partie de base de la douille métallique en appui contre le bloc-cylindres (2), pour sceller hermétiquement une interface entre la pièce de montage (9) et le bloc-cylindres (2).
  14. Compresseur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé par un premier joint de tête (23) interposé entre le bloc-cylindres (2) et la plaque de soupape (7), dans lequel le premier joint de tête (23) présente un un premier trou traversant (24) formé à un emplacement opposé audit trou traversant (12) de la plaque de soupape (7) et un second joint de tête (25) interposé entre la plaque de soupape (7) et la culasse (4) le second joint de tête (25) présente un deuxième trou traversant (26) formé à un emplacement opposé audit trou traversant (12) de la plaque de soupape (7).
  15. Un appareil de réfrigération, en particulier un réfrigérateur domestique, comprenant un circuit de réfrigération pour faire circuler un réfrigérant, qui comprend un compresseur (1) tel que défini dans l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14.
EP13756871.3A 2013-08-29 2013-08-29 Compresseur hermétique à va-et-vient thermiquement amélioré Active EP3039292B1 (fr)

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WO2020119190A1 (fr) * 2018-12-11 2020-06-18 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 Dispositif de fixation de tête de compresseur, compresseur et dispositif de réfrigération
US12031532B2 (en) 2018-12-11 2024-07-09 Gree Green Refrigeration Technology Center Co. Ltd. Of Zhuhai Compressor head fixing device, compressor and refrigeration device

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WO2019192893A1 (fr) 2018-04-04 2019-10-10 Arcelik Anonim Sirketi Compresseur ayant une meilleure efficacité opérationnelle
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020119190A1 (fr) * 2018-12-11 2020-06-18 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 Dispositif de fixation de tête de compresseur, compresseur et dispositif de réfrigération
US12031532B2 (en) 2018-12-11 2024-07-09 Gree Green Refrigeration Technology Center Co. Ltd. Of Zhuhai Compressor head fixing device, compressor and refrigeration device

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