EP3036313A2

EP3036313A2 - Additive for oil-based lubricants having improved extreme pressure properties

Info

Publication number: EP3036313A2
Application number: EP14793006.9A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Helmut Fackler
Original assignee: Terralub GmbH
Current assignee: Terralub GmbH
Priority date: 2013-08-21
Filing date: 2014-08-21
Publication date: 2016-06-29
Anticipated expiration: 2034-08-21
Also published as: PL3036313T3; DE102013109064A1; WO2015024561A3; TR201900126T4; ES2705064T3; DK3036313T3; DE112014003817A5; JP6339201B2; US20160201001A1; JP2016531182A; EP3036313B1; WO2015024561A2

Abstract

The present invention relates to a novel additive for oil-based lubricants having improved extreme-pressure properties, to a method for producing said novel additive, to oil-based lubricants containing said novel additive and to uses of said novel additive.

Description

Additive for oil-based lubricants with improved extreme pressure properties

Description:

The present invention relates to a novel additive for oil-based lubricants having improved extreme pressure properties, a process for making this novel additive, oil-based lubricants containing this novel additive and uses of this novel additive.

The phenomena of friction, lubrication and wear have enormous practical significance. The large material and energy losses caused by wear and tear are attempted by careful selection of materials, surface coating, surface hardening and lubrication. One of the most important requirements of a lubricant is to provide an effective surface protection of the materials. On unlubricated metal surfaces, which move under load against each other, various signs of friction occur. In many cases, abrasive wear up to micro-welding of the workpieces is observed.

The use of lubricants serves to significantly reduce the wear of the material due to abrasion, which accompanies dry friction.

The finding that pure base oils, whether mineral oils or synthetic oils, can not guarantee effective protection of mechanically heavily contaminated surfaces, led to the addition of additives at the beginning of the last century. Only these additives then help the lubricating oil to the desired performance characteristics. It is therefore important to enhance positive properties and to eliminate or minimize undesired properties. The amount of additives added varies from a few ppm up to concentrations of 20%, depending on the application. In addition to the targeted control of the physical properties of a lubricating oil such as the viscosity as a hydrodynamic characteristic, it is possible to chemically modify lubricant and surface. One of the most important requirements of a lubricant additive is the surface protection of the materials, which prevents or at least greatly reduces abrasive wear and micro-welding between metal surfaces. This property is ensured by so-called anti-wear (AW) and extreme pressure (EP) agents. Often, especially in steel processing, medium-chain chloroparaffins (C14-C17) are used as extreme pressure (EP) additives despite considerable environmental and health concerns. Due to these negative properties of chloroparaffins, there is a considerable need for ecologically and toxicologically harmless substitutes for the various applications. In the lubricant sector, however, chlorine paraffins have so far not been able to be completely displaced from many applications because they have excellent performance, especially at extreme pressures. The main application for chlorinated paraffins is the forming technique (deep drawing, thread forming, etc.).

Because of environmental relevance, chloroparaffins have been partially replaced by ecologically more acceptable zinc compounds, for example by zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates, zinc complexes of alkyl dithiophosphorus (RO) 2P (S) SH having the general empirical formula Zn [(RO) 2PS2] 2. These compounds are part of the layer-forming active ingredients, the actual effective components are not the complexes per se, but the reaction or decay products that arise during friction processes under load. Unfortunately, these zinc compounds are far from offering the EP performance of chloroparaffins.

Other known lubricant additives are thiadiazoles, which are known as additives with good release effect and high pressure absorption capacity (EP) and Moreover, they offer a very good corrosion protection, especially for non-ferrous metals. The monomeric thiadiazoles, also referred to as dimercaptothiadiazole, are therefore used mainly as non-ferrous metal deactivators, as described in EP2228425A1, and marketed, for example, under the name "Additin RC8210" or "Additin RC 5201" by RheinChemie Rheinau GmbH. The monomeric thiadiazoles are usually colorless, clear liquids which are soluble in oily hydrophobic media. However, the EP properties of the monomeric thiadiazole are still behind those of the abovementioned zinc compounds, such as zinc dithiophosphate or zinc dithiocarbamate.

Dimer 2,5-dimercapto-1, 3,4-thiadiazole is commercially available under the name "Vanlube 829" from the Vanderbilt Company, USA, and unlike the monomers has very good EP properties The reason for the very limited use is that the powdery substance is insoluble in hydrophobic systems and due to the relatively high density (2.09 g / cm ³ However, the finest possible distribution of 2,5-dimercapto-1, 3,4-thiadiazole in the matrix is a prerequisite for effective performance.

In summary, it should therefore be stated that the lubricant additives known from the prior art are either ecologically and toxicologically questionable, have insufficient EP performance, or can not be meaningfully used in liquid oily (hydrophobic) media.

The present invention is therefore based on the object to develop a lubricant system which avoids the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art. This object is achieved according to the invention by a process for the preparation of a lubricant additive, which is characterized in that

i) a dimeric thiadiazole compound, in particular a bis (2-alkyl- 1, 3,4 - thiadiazolyl) -5.5 ^x disulfide derivative of the formula I)

and / or a dimeric 2,5-dimercapto-1, 3,4-thiadiazolethiol derivative of the formula (II)

wherein in formulas (I) and (II) n is 1 or 2 and

R 1 and R 2 independently of one another represent hydrogen, linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, in particular thioalkyl groups (-SR) having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, aromatic radicals or heteroaromatic radicals,

ii) in a polyamine or polyamine derivative of the formula

R1 - (CH2 -CH2 -NH) n -CH2-CH2-R2

solves, wherein in formula (III) n is an integer from 1 to 15, in particular an integer from 3 to 8, and

R 1 and R 2 independently of one another represent hydrogen, -NH 2, linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or represent a modified or unmodified succinimide group, and

iii) the solution obtained is a compound of the formula (IV) in which n is an integer from 1 to 8, in particular an integer from 3 to 8, preferably 6,

or i) a dimeric thiadiazole compound, in particular a bis (2-alkyl- 1, 3,4 - thiadiazolyl) -5.5 ^x disulfide derivative of the formula (I)

and / or a dimeric 2,5-dimercapto-1, 3,4-thiadiazolethiol derivative of the formula (I

R 1 wherein in formulas (I) and (II) n is 1 or 2 and

R 1 and R 2 independently of one another represent hydrogen, linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, in particular

Thioalkyl groups (-SR) having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, aromatic radicals or heteroaromatic radicals,

ii) in a polyol, in particular a polyether polyol having a high propylene oxide content, d. H. with a low etyloxide / propylene oxide ratio, and / or a triglyceride with hydroxyfatty acid component dissolves and

iii) adding to the resulting solution a hydrophobic phenol derivative and / or an unsaturated fatty alcohol. The process steps a) ii) and a) iii), or b) ii) and b) iii) can, if desired, be combined into one step. A) i) preferably usable in dimeric thiadiazole compound a) i) and b is 5.5 ^X - dithio - bis (1, 3,5 - thiadiazol 2 thiol) with R1 and R2 = H (CAS No .: 72676-55 -2) shown in formula (IIa):

A dimeric thiadiazole compound which can likewise be used according to the invention is bis [2,5-dithio-1,3,4-thiodiozol] (formula VIII), which is described, for example, in EP1702918 A2 of RHEIN-CHEMIE RHEINAU GmbH.

Also usable according to the invention are compounds of the formulas (I) and (II) whose radicals R are alkyl or thioalkyl groups. As the chain length of the alkyl groups on R1 and R2 increases, the solubility in hydrophobic media gradually increases. Although these side groups contribute more to reducing the coefficient of friction with increasing chain length, they can have a negative effect on the EP properties. The load bearing capacity tends to increase with the number of sulfur atoms in the molecule, the solubility in hydrophobic media at the same time.

In order to combine high load-carrying capacity with simultaneously high lubricity (friction coefficient reduction), it is possible for the skilled person to combine different dimeric thiadiazole compounds of the formulas (I) or (II) according to requirements. The compounds of the formulas (I) and (II) are used in alternative a) according to the invention with a weight fraction of 4% to 13%, preferably 8% to 10%. Polyamines or polyamine derivatives of the formula (III) which are preferred according to the invention are those which, instead of R 1 or R 2, independently of one another, contain a succinimide group. Particularly preferred is the monosuccinimide derivative having the CAS No .: 67762-72-5, which is represented in the formula (V)

CH ₂ CH ₂ (NHCH ₂ CH ₂ ) ₃ - NH _; (V)

where R is a polyisobutylene radical having a molecular weight in the range of 500-2500. Also particularly preferred is the Bissuccinimid- derivative with the CAS No .: 84605-20-9, which is represented in the formula (VI)

wherein n is an integer from 1 to 8 and R is a polyisobutylene radical having a molecular weight in the range 500-2500.

A modification of succinimide-polyamine compounds which can likewise be used according to the invention is described in US Pat. No. 6,569,819, to which reference is hereby made in its entirety. Further according to the invention suitable solvents for dimeric thiadiazoles are polyamine compounds which contain terminal (R1 / R2) phenyl groups or hetero ring compounds, such as thiadiazoles or succinimide in combination with thiadiazoles. Such compounds are described, for example, in US Pat. No. 5,579,785, which is hereby incorporated by reference.

The compounds of the formula (III) are used in alternative a) according to the invention with a weight fraction of 30% to 95%, preferably 40% to 60%, any mixtures of compounds of the formulas (III), (IV) and (V) Preferably, (IV) and (V) are possible.

Advantageously, said polyamine-based compound types are ecologically, toxicologically and harmless to health.

Polyamines as well as the corresponding Succinimidderivate have a honey-like consistency at room temperature, when heated above 70 ° C, they are thin and then able to slowly dissolve dimeric 2,5-dimercapto-1, 3,4-thiadiazoles without residue. Alternative a) of the process according to the invention is therefore preferably carried out at a temperature in the range of about 70 ° C to about 140 ° C, more preferably at a temperature in the range of about 80 ° C to about 130 ° C, most preferably at a temperature in the range of about 80 ° C to about 120 ° C. At temperatures between 120 ° C and 140 ° C - higher temperatures may u.U. lead to decomposition reactions - arise brownish red solutions, which, however, after cooling due to rubbery consistency are no longer usable.

The solubility of said polyamine derivatives, the intense coloration of the solutions and the strong increase in viscosity indicate a pronounced interaction between dimeric thiadiazoles and polyamines. Adducts are evidently formed which, with a higher concentration of active substance, as required to achieve the desired EP properties, can likewise be distributed homogeneously in oily hydrophobic media as are the corresponding dimeric thiadiazoles themselves. Surprisingly, it has been found that compounds of the formula (IV), namely linear compounds having a number of non-conjugated double bonds, as described, for. B. occur in Farnesen, lycopene or squalene, are suitable to keep these adducts at room temperature in permanently liquid form. It can be assumed that steric mechanisms play a major role in keeping the adducts spatially effective even at high drug concentrations. The use of compounds of the formula (IV) as a further medium in substep a) ii) is therefore an essential part of the present invention.

Among the compounds of the formula (IV), squalene (n = 6) is particularly suitable according to the invention because of the favorable consistency (viscosity) and the relatively low vapor pressure. Also suitable are molecules with shorter chain lengths, but the limiting factor for some applications is the strongly increasing vapor pressure or odor. Higher chain lengths (n> 9) lead to solids which can not be used according to the invention, at least at room temperature.

The compounds of the formula (IV) are used in alternative a) according to the invention with a proportion by weight of 10% to 60%, preferably 30% to 50%.

With squalene in combination with polyamine derivatives, additive solutions with more than 10% by weight active ingredient content can be produced whose consistency remains within the manageable liquid range above 10 ° C and that in hydrophobic esters (vegetable oils or synthetic esters) as a base oil in each case from a professional point of view meaningful relationship results in clear solutions.

In pure, completely non-polar oils such as paraffin or hydrophobic polyglycol, however, this additive is not stable, and the active ingredient gradually precipitates. Therefore, it is not infinitely applicable in practice in this form.

Another object of the present invention is therefore the method according to alternative b). In process step b) ii) preferably usable polyols are, for example, hydrophobic polyether polyols of the formula (VII) having an ethylene oxide / propylene oxide ratio <1

where, in the orme m r e, a whole a of s, ns esonere is from 6 to 10. Particularly preferably usable polyols have an ethylene oxide / propylene oxide ratio (EO / PO ratio) of <0.5.

In process step b) ii) preferably usable triglycerides with Hydroxyfett- acid component are selected from those which are obtainable from renewable raw materials, in particular with ricinoleic acid (12- (fl) -hydroxy-9-cis-octadecenoic acid), lesquerelolic acid (14- (fl ) -Hydroxy-1-cis-eicosenoic acid), 9- (S) -hydroxy-10,12-cis, cis-octadecadienoic acid (obtainable from the seed oil of Dimorphotheca pluvialis), phloic acid (meso-9,10-dihydroxy - octadecanoic acid) and aleuritic acid

Particularly preferred according to the invention is castor oil, which typically contains from about 85% to 92% of ricinoleic acid.

The compounds of the formulas (I) or (II) are used in alternative b) according to the invention with a weight fraction of 3% to 6%, preferably 4% to 5%.

The polyols and / or triglycerides with hydroxy fatty acid component are used in alternative b) according to the invention with a weight fraction of 40% to 96%, preferably 50% to 80%.

It arise in the temperature range of about 100 ° C to about 140 ° C clear yellow solutions. Alternative b) of the process according to the invention is therefore preferably carried out at a temperature in the range from about 100.degree. C. to about 140.degree. C., more preferably at a temperature in the range from about 120.degree. C. to about 140.degree. The saturation concentration for 5,5- ^X -dithio-bis (1,3,5-thiadiazole-2-thiol) is about 4 to 5% by weight. After cooling, a jelly-like mass can be formed at a high concentration of active compound, which also dissolves very well in hydrophobic polyglycol, ie in a wide mixing ratio.

Very concentrated additive solutions especially after prolonged standing (about 1 month) have a gel-like consistency. The color is clear yellow. With castor oil, a maximum of about 5% strength by weight solutions which are particularly suitable for the addition of hydrophobic types of polyglycol can be prepared.

Unlike the lubricant additive obtainable according to a), it is also possible with the additive obtainable according to b) to add relevant quantities of additive without precipitations in media on a paraffinic basis. The non-polar media should preferably contain at least 10% by volume of polyglycol or castor oil in order to achieve the required stability.

In process step b) iii) preferably usable hydrophobic phenol derivatives are selected from anacardic acid, cardol, cardanol.

In process step b) iii) preferably usable unsaturated fatty alcohols are selected from hexadecenol, octadecenol.

The hydrophobic phenol derivatives and / or unsaturated fatty alcohols are used in alternative b) according to the invention with a weight fraction of 40 to 96%, preferably 50% to 80%.

By precipitation reactions could be demonstrated both in the a) and in the b) available additives that no chemical reactions took place with respect to the starting materials.

From both systems can be prepared with appropriate dispersing additives, especially with additional polyamines and their derivatives and stable sols to stable microfine dispersions. The following examples illustrate the invention without, however, limiting it to:

Examples:

Example 1 :

In a mixture with a proportion by weight of up to 50% rapeseed oil and another proportion by weight of up to 50% dialkylsuccinimide dispersant, a dimeric thiadiazole is homogeneously distributed with a proportion by weight of 4% with stirring at a maximum of 140 °, slowly forming a dark red liquid , Other additives such as benzotriazole (as a preservative not as a non-ferrous metal deactivator) are added at up to 0.5% by weight. After cooling, a stable viscous liquid is obtained, to which a base oil based on rapeseed oil is mixed up to a weight proportion of 5%.

For comparison with zinc alkyl dithiophosphate, a test was carried out with a four-ball apparatus. The base oil used for all the above-mentioned additives was Flexon 845 ISO VG 32 hydraulic base oil (available from Esso). It was found that the thiadiazole (dimer) additive provided the best values at comparable concentrations. For zinc alkyl phosphate, the values of good load and welding force were between 1600N and 1700N, for thiadiazole (dimer) between 2100N and 2300N.

Example 2:

A flask is charged with a proportion of 60% squalene, 30% polyisobutylene succinimide (CAS 84605-20-9) and about 10% dimeric 2,5-dimercapto-1, 3,4-thiadiazole (CAS No .: 72676-55 -2) and heated to about 135 ° C. The thiadiazole is completely dissolved to form a reddish brown liquid. As a further additive preservatives are added. After cooling, a viscous liquid which is easy to handle and can be used as an EP additive remains. This additive was added to the hydraulic oil Flexon 845 ISO VG 32 (available from Esso) in varying concentrations, and the samples subjected to a four-ball test. The results are shown in the following table:

Example 3:

96% of castor oil and 4% by weight of dimeric 2,5-dimercapto-1, 3,4-thiadiazole (CAS No .: 72676-55-2) are heated in a flask to 140 ° C, with the thiadiazole slowly dissolving. The result is a yellow transparent liquid, which is added in the hot state with preservative. The mixture can be used after cooling as an additive to lubricants based on polyglycol (hydrophobic) or as corrosion protection for non-ferrous metals.

The copper corrosion was measured with different additivation of polyglycol Emkarox VG126 (Croda). The results of the corrosion measurement are as follows:

Example 4:

Example of the preparation of a thiadiazole solution with the aid of phosphoric acid ester:

Tributoxyalkyl phosphate (AW1 1 Schäfer Chemie) 200ml and 270ml paraffin (thin liquid) is heated in a round bottomed flask to 90 ° C. Dimer Thiadiazole 40g is added in several portions until a clear solution is obtained. In order to ensure the durability (bacterial attack) a small amount (per thousand range) benzotriazole, which was previously dissolved in a small amount Tributoxyalkylphosphat, stirred into the still hot solution. After cooling, the solution can be used.

It dissolves in any ratio in paraffin or mineral oil.

A further subject of the invention is a lubricant additive which is obtainable by the process according to the invention.

Another object of the invention is a lubricant additive comprising a dimeric I. thiadiazole compound, in particular a bis (2-alkyl- 1, 3,4 - thiadiazolyl) - ^x disulfide derivative of the formula (I)

wherein in formulas (I) and (II) n is 1 or 2 and

II. A polyamine or polyamine derivative of the formula (III)

R 1 - (CH 2 -CH 2 -NH) n -CH 2 -CH 2 -R 2 (III),

where in formula (III) n is an integer from 1 to 15, in particular an integer from 3 to 8, and

R 1 and R 2 independently of one another represent hydrogen, -NH 2, linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a modified or unmodified succinimide group, and

III. a compound of the formula (IV)

(Λ ^) ^(IV >'

n wherein n is an integer from 1 to 8, in particular an integer from 3 to 8, preferably 6.

Another object of the invention is a lubricant additive comprising a dimeric I. thiadiazole compound, in particular a bis (2-alkyl- 1, 3,4 - thiadiazolyl) -5.5 ^x disulfide derivative of the formula I)

wherein in formulas (I) and (II) n is 1 or 2 and

II. A polyol, in particular a polyether polyol with a high Propyle- noxid share, d. H. with a low etyloxide / propylene oxide ratio, and / or a triglyceride with hydroxyfatty acid component, and

III. a hydrophobic phenol derivative and / or an unsaturated fatty alcohol.

The parts by weight of the constituents of the additives according to the invention correspond to those specified for the preparation process. Another object of the invention is a lubricant, in particular a lubricating oil, comprising an additive according to the invention, preferably in a concentration of 0.2% to 10 wt.%. Another object of the invention is the use of an additive according to the invention in lubricants, in particular for plain bearings, bearings, gears, chains, precision engineering, slideways, motors, hydraulics, tools, machinery, metalworking processes, metal cutting and cold forming. Accordingly, a distinction according to the invention lubricant depending on the application z. As engine lubricating oils, cylinder oils, turbine oils, engine oils, gear oils, compressor oils, circulating oils, hydraulic oils, insulating oils, heat transfer oils, process oils, metalworking oils, coolants, cutting oils and greases.

The use according to the invention is preferred in lubricating oils, in particular in mineral oil-free forming lubricants.

Likewise preferred according to the invention is the use of an additive according to the invention in lubricants which are used in the foodstuffs sector, in medical technology or also for lubrication in the "offshore offshore sector" (deep-sea windmills).

The lubricants according to the invention, in particular lubricating oils, generally consist of a base oil and the additives according to the invention and possible further additives.

As base oils are used in particular mineral oils, eg. B. petroleum distillate fractions; Synthetic oils, e.g. B. polyethers such as polyglycols and polyphenyl ethers; Carbonsäureester; Phosphoric and phosphonic acid esters; Silicon; Silicate esters and polyolefins or mixtures thereof.

Phosphoric acid esters preferred according to the invention are those which, in addition to the strongly polar phosphate group, also contain at least one or better more polar groups (ethoxy, butoxy groups) and at the same time long CC Chains (C8 to C14). Particularly preferred is tributoxyalkyl phosphate having chain lengths of C = 9 to C = 12. Likewise preferred are alkoxy-substituted triphenyl phosphates and trialkylammonium phosphate. The alkyl chain lengths on the nitrogen are preferably 9 to 14 here. Also usable according to the invention are dialkylphosphoric acid esters having chain lengths of 8 to 12, as well as alkoxylated dialkylphosphoric acid esters. Thiadiazole solutions with tributoxyalkyl phosphate can be incorporated in almost all media (especially on mineral oil basis) without large miscibility gaps. Phosphoric acid esters which are likewise preferred according to the invention are phosphoric acid esters having oleyl ethoxylate radicals, as shown in formula IX, in which R is hydrogen or

Further usable additives are, for example, oxidation inhibitors, for. Hindered phenols, amines, zinc dithiophosphates; Corrosion and rust inhibitors, z. Amine phosphates, alkyl succinic acids, fatty acids; Friction Modifier, eg. Fatty acids, fatty amines; Detergents, e.g. Normal or basic Ca, Ba-Mg sulfonates or phosphonates; Dispersants, e.g. For example, polymers such as nitrogen-containing polymethacrylates, alkyl succinimides, succinate esters - pour point depressants, e.g. Alkylated naphthalenes and phenols; Viscosity index improvers, e.g. Polyisobutylenes, polyacrylates, hydrogenated styrene-butadiene copolymers; Foam inhibitors, e.g. Silicone polymers, tributyl phosphate; Adhesive, z. Soap, polyacrylates; Emulsifiers, e.g. For example, sodium salts of organic sulfonic acids, fatty amine salts; Bactericides, z. As phenols or formaldehyde derivatives.

Claims

claims:

1 . Process for the preparation of a lubricant additive, characterized in that

a)

i) a dimeric thiadiazole compound, in particular a bis (2-alkyl- 1, 3,4 - (thiadiazol l) -5.5 ^x disulfide derivative of the formula I)

and / or a dimeric 2,5-dimercapto-1, 3,4-thiadiazolethiol derivative

wherein in formulas (I) and (II) n is 1 or 2 and

R 1 and R 2 independently of one another represent hydrogen, linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, in particular thioalkyl groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, aromatic radicals or heteroaromatic radicals,

ii) in a polyamine or polyamine derivative of the formula (III)

R1 - (CH2-CH2 -NH) n-CH2-CH2-R2 (III)

iii) the solution obtained is a compound of the formula (IV)

in which n is an integer from 1 to 8, in particular an integer from 3 to 8, preferably 6,

) A dimeric thiadiazole compound, in particular a bis (2-alkyl- 1, 3,4 - thiadiazol l) -5.5 ^x disulfide derivative of the formula (I)

wherein in formulas (I) and (II) n is 1 or 2 and

) in a polyol, in particular a polyether polyol having a high propylene oxide content and / or a triglyceride with hydroxyfatty acid component dissolves and

i) adding to the resulting solution a hydrophobic phenol derivative and / or an unsaturated fatty alcohol.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that one In alternative a) as dimeric thiadiazole compound 5.5 ^X - dithio - bis (1, 3,5 - thiadiazole 2 thiol) is used, and / or

In alternative a) as polyamine or polyamine derivative of the formula (III) the monosuccinimide derivative of the formula (V) or the bis-succinimide derivative of the formula (VI), and / or

• in alternative a) as the compound of formula (IV) Farnesen, lycopene or squalene.

Process according to claim 1, characterized in that

In alternative b) as dimeric thiadiazole compound 5,5 ^X - dithio - bis (1, 3,5 - thiadiazole 2 thiol) is used, and / or

In alternative b) uses as the polyol a hydrophobic polyether polyol of the formula (VII), and / or

In alternative b) uses triglyceride with hydroxyfatty acid component castor oil or ricinoleic acid, and / or

Used in alternative b) as the hydrophobic phenol derivative cardol, cardanol, or anacardic acid, and / or

In alternative b) uses as unsaturated fatty alcohol hexadecenol or octadecenol.

Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one

The compounds of the formulas (I) and (II) in alternative a) with a weight proportion of 4% to 13%, preferably 8% to 10%, and

The compounds of the formula (III) are used in alternative a) with a weight fraction of 30% to 95%, preferably 40% to 60%, and

The compounds of the formula (IV) are used in alternative a) with a proportion by weight of 10% to 60%, preferably 30% to 50%, or

The compounds of the formulas (I) or (II) in alternative b) are used with a proportion by weight of 3% to 6%, preferably 4% to 5%, and The polyols and / or triglycerides with hydroxy fatty acid component in alternative b) with a weight fraction of 40% to 96%, preferably 50% to 80%, and

The hydrophobic phenol derivatives and / or unsaturated fatty alcohols in alternative b) with a weight fraction of 40% to 96%, preferably

50% to 80%.

5. A lubricant additive obtainable according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 6. A lubricant additive comprising

I. a dimeric thiadiazole compound, in particular a bis (2-alkyl-1, 3,4-thiadiazolyl) ^x disulfide derivative of the formula (I)

wherein in formulas (I) and (II) n is 1 or 2 and

II. A polyamine or polyamine derivative of the formula (III)

R 1 - (CH 2 -CH 2 -NH) n -CH 2 -CH 2 -R 2 (III),

where in formula (III) n is an integer from 1 to 15, in particular an integer from 3 to 8, and R 1 and R 2 independently of one another represent hydrogen, -NH 2, linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a modified or unmodified succinimide group, and

a compound of the formula (IV)

wherein n is an integer from 1 to 8, in particular an integer from 3 to 8, preferably 6.

Lubricant additive comprising

I. a dimeric thiadiazole compound, in particular a bis (2-alkyl- 1, 3,4 - thiadiazolyl) - ^x disulfide derivative of the formula (I)

wherein in formulas (I) and (II) n is 1 or 2 and

a polyol, in particular a polyether polyol having a high propylene oxide proportion, ie having a low etyloxide / propylene oxide ratio, and / or a triglyceride having hydroxyfatty acid component, and III. a hydrophobic phenol derivative and / or an unsaturated fatty alcohol.

8. A lubricant, in particular lubricating oil, comprising a lubricant additive according to any one of claims 5 to 7, preferably in a concentration of 0.2% to 10 wt.%.

9. Use of a characterized in any one of claims 5 to 7 lubricant additive in lubricants and in particular lubricating oils, more preferably in mineral oil-free forming lubricants.