DE2533176A1 - LUBRICANT - Google Patents
LUBRICANTInfo
- Publication number
- DE2533176A1 DE2533176A1 DE19752533176 DE2533176A DE2533176A1 DE 2533176 A1 DE2533176 A1 DE 2533176A1 DE 19752533176 DE19752533176 DE 19752533176 DE 2533176 A DE2533176 A DE 2533176A DE 2533176 A1 DE2533176 A1 DE 2533176A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- alkylene oxide
- sulfur
- lubricant according
- lubricant
- oxide polymer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M167/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound, a non-macromolecular compound and a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution, each of these compounds being essential
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
- C10M125/06—Sulfur
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/04—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M129/06—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M133/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M133/08—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M145/18—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M145/24—Polyethers
- C10M145/26—Polyoxyalkylenes
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- C10M145/18—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M145/24—Polyethers
- C10M145/26—Polyoxyalkylenes
- C10M145/30—Polyoxyalkylenes of alkylene oxides containing 3 carbon atoms only
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- C10M145/18—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M145/24—Polyethers
- C10M145/26—Polyoxyalkylenes
- C10M145/36—Polyoxyalkylenes etherified
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- C10M149/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M149/12—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C10M151/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
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- C10M161/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
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- C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
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- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/02—Water
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- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/043—Sulfur; Selenenium; Tellurium
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- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/026—Butene
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- C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
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- C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
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- C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
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- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- C10M2207/128—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids containing hydroxy groups; Ethers thereof
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Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf Schmiermittelzusamnierisetzungeno The invention relates to lubricant compositions o
Ba ist seit langem erkannt worden, daß Schmiermittelzusammensetzungen, wie Schmieröle oder Schmierfette, Abnutzungs- oder Verschleiß- und sogar Schweißeffekte auf Metallteilen, mit denen sie bei der Ausführung ihrer Punktion als Schmiermittel in Berührung kommen, zulassen können. In dieser Hinsicht sind Alkylenoxydpolymere, z.B. Fettalkoholpolyglykoläther, zur Verwendung al3 Mittel gegen Verschleiß in Schmiermittelzusammensexsungen vorgeschlagen woro.nru sie haben jedoch keinen verhältnismäßig hohen G-rad an Anti Verschleißwirkung gezeigt, und in manchen Fällen haben sie auch Schweißeffekte gezeigt.Ba has long been recognized that lubricant compositions, such as lubricating oils or greases, wear and tear or wear and even welding effects on metal parts that they use when performing their puncture come into contact as a lubricant. In this regard, alkylene oxide polymers, e.g. fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, proposed woro.nru for use as anti-wear agents in lubricant compositions however, they have not shown a relatively high level of antiwear performance, and in some cases they have also shown welding effects.
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Die Verwendung von Schwefel und verschiedenen Sulfiden in Schmierölen und Metallbearbeitungsölen (Schneidölen) ist seit langem bekannt. Beispielsweise sind sulfurierte Mine-' ralöle (durch Erhitzung von Schwefel mit Mineralöl erzeugt) bei Schneidölen mit guter Wirkung verwendet worden. Sulfide, wie Phosphorsulfid, Alkylsulfide, -disulfide und -polysulfide, sind in Schmierölen, wie Turbinenölen, verwendet worden (vgl. z.B. GB-PS 1 o32 008, US-PS 2 411 153 und US-PS 3 278 432).The use of sulfur and various sulfides in lubricating oils and metal working oils (cutting oils) is known for a long time. For example, sulfurized mines are ' ral oils (produced by heating sulfur with mineral oil) have been used to good effect in cutting oils. Sulphides, such as phosphorus sulfide, alkyl sulfides, disulfides and polysulfides, have been used in lubricating oils such as turbine oils (see e.g. GB-PS 1,032,008, US-PS 2,411,153 and US-PS 3,278,432).
Bisher sind jedoch keine Versuche gemacht worden, PoIyglykole in Kombination mit Schwefel oder Sulfiden zu verwenden. So far, however, no attempts have been made to polyglycols to be used in combination with sulfur or sulphides.
Es ist nun gefunden worden, daß verbesserte Antiverschleiß- und Antischweißeigenschaften Schmiermitteln dadurch erteilt werden können, daß man ihnen ein Alkylenoxydpolymer und Schwefel oder ein Schwefel enthaltendes Material einverleibt. It has now been found that improved anti-wear and anti-perspiration properties can be obtained from lubricants may be given to incorporate an alkylene oxide polymer and sulfur or a sulfur-containing material into them.
Gemäß der Erfindung wird daher eine Schmiermittelzusammensetzung vorgesehen, die ein Alkylenoxydpolymer und Schwefel oder ein Schwefel enthaltendes Material, im allgemeinen ein Sulfid, enthält. Aus Zweckmäßigkeitsgründen wird der Ausdruck "Schwefel" verwendet, um sowohl Schwefel selbst als auch die Schwefel enthaltenden Materialien zu bezeichnen. According to the invention there is therefore provided a lubricant composition comprising an alkylene oxide polymer and Contains sulfur or a sulfur-containing material, generally a sulfide. For convenience, the term "sulfur" is used to refer to both sulfur itself and the sulfur-containing materials.
Für die meisten Anwendungen kann der Schwefel in einer Menge von o,ol bis 15 Gew.^, und vorzugsweise in einer Menge von o,o5 bis 5 Gew.$, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Mischung, zur Anwendung gelangen. Die Mischung des Alkylenoxydpolymers und des Schwefels kann für die meisten Anwendungen in der Schmiermittelmischung in einer Menge von o,lFor most applications, the sulfur can be used in an amount from 0.1 to 15% by weight, and preferably in an amount from 0.05 to 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the mixture, are used. The mixture of the alkylene oxide polymer and the sulfur can for most applications in the lubricant mixture in an amount of 0.1
0 9 8 8 6/0969'0 9 8 8 6/0969 '
"bis 3o Gew.#, und vorzugsweise in einer Menge von 3 bis Io Gew.#, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Schmiermittelzusammensetzung, angewendet werden. "to 3o wt. #, and preferably in an amount of 3 to Io wt. #, Based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, can be used.
Die Schmiermittel, in denen die Alkylenoxyd/Schwefelmischungen verwendet werden, sind im allgemeinen Schmiermittel auf Ölbasis, z.B. Schmieröle und Schmierfette. Metallbearbeitungsschmiermittel sind eingeschlossen, und diese können vom Ölbasistyp oder vom emulgierbaren oder "löslichen Öln-Typ sein.The lubricants in which the alkylene oxide / sulfur mixtures are used are generally oil-based lubricants such as lubricating oils and greases. Metal working lubricants are included and these can be of the oil base type or of the emulsifiable or "soluble oil n -type".
Die bei diesen Schmiermitteln benutzten Öle können aus Mineralölen oder synthetischen ölen bestehen. Im allgemeinen können die Öle, die als Schmiermittel- oder Schmierfettträger verwendet werden, irgendeinen geeigneten Schmiermittelviskositätsbereich von z.B. etwa 5 bis 125 cSt,vorzugsweise Io bis 5o cStjbei 380C haben.The oils used in these lubricants can consist of mineral oils or synthetic oils. In general, the oils used as a lubricant or grease carrier, any suitable lubricating viscosity range, for example may be about 5 to 125 cSt, preferably from Io to 5o cStjbei have 38 0 C.
Diese öle können Viskositätsindices haben, die in dem Bereich von unter O bis loo oder höher liegen. Viskositätsindices von 7o bis 95 werden bevorzugt. Das mittlere Molekulargewicht dieser Öle liegt in dem Bereich von 25o bis 8oo. Wenn das Schmiermittel in der Form eines Schmierfetts verwendet werden soll, wird das Schmieröl in genügender Menge verwendet, um die Gesamtschmierfettzusammensetzung nach Berücksichtigung der gewünschten Menge des Verdickungsmittel oder den anderen in die Schmierfettzusammensetzung einzuschließenden zusätzlichen Komponenten ins Gleichgewicht zu bringen.These oils can have viscosity indices in the Range from below 0 to 10o or higher. Viscosity indices from 70 to 95 are preferred. The average molecular weight of these oils is in the range from 25o to 8oo. When the lubricant is in the form of a grease is to be used, the lubricating oil is used in an amount sufficient to make up the total grease composition after considering the desired amount of the thickener or the others in the grease composition balance the additional components to be included.
In Fällen, in denen synthetische Öle entweder als Schmiermittel oder als Träger für das Schmierfett verv/endet werden, können verschiedene Verbindungen dieser Art mit Erfolg angewendet werden, einschließlich von Polyolefinen, wie Polyisobutylen, Polybutene, hydrierte Polydecene, Glyko-In cases where synthetic oils are used either as lubricants or as carriers for the grease various compounds of this type can be used with success, including polyolefins, such as polyisobutylene, polybutenes, hydrogenated polydecenes, glyco-
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le, wie Polypropylenglykol, Polyäthylenglykol, Ester, wie Irimethylolpropanester, Neopentyl und Pentaerythritester, Di(2-äthylhexyl)sebacat, Di(2-äthylliexyl)adipat und Di(butylphthalat). oils, such as polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, esters, such as Irimethylolpropane ester, neopentyl and pentaerythritol ester, Di (2-ethylhexyl) sebacate, di (2-ethylhexyl) adipate and di (butyl phthalate).
Emulgierbare Ölzusammensetzungen können mit dem Öl der Alkylenoxyd/Öchwefelkombination und geeigneten Mengen von Emulgiermitteln,. z.B. Petroleumsulfonaten oder Mahaganysulfonaten, bereitet werden. Wie nachstehend auseinandergesetzt wird, können jedoch die Alkylenoxydpolymere selbst eine emulgierende Wirkung ausüben, so daß der Gehalt an anderen Emulgiermitteln herabgesetzt werden kann. Andere Zusatzstoffe, wie Hochdruckzusätze, Korrosionsinhibitoren, Schmierfähigkeitsverbesserer usw., können vorhanden sein. Derartige Zusatzstoffe können je nach Wunsch in Schmiermitteln auf Ölbasis und Schmierfetten vorhanden sein.Emulsifiable oil compositions can be mixed with the oil of the alkylene oxide / oleosulfur combination and appropriate amounts of emulsifiers ,. e.g. petroleum sulfonates or mahogany sulfonates, be prepared. However, as will be discussed below, the alkylene oxide polymers even exert an emulsifying effect, so that the content can be reduced with other emulsifying agents. Other additives, such as extreme pressure additives, corrosion inhibitors, Lubricity improvers, etc., may be present. Such additives can be used in Oil-based lubricants and greases must be present.
Die Alkylenoxydpolymere können direkte (straight) Polyoxyalkylenglykole sein, die durch die Polymerisation eines Alkylenoxyds erzeugt worden sind, oder sie können aus den Reaktionsprodukten von Alkylenoxyd oder Alkylenoxydpolymeren mit anderen Materialien bestehen. Das gewöhnlich verwendete Alkylenoxyd ist Äthylenoxyd, da dieses am leichtesten zur Verfugung steht, es können jedoch auch Propylenoxyd oder noch andere Oxyde, falls sie verfügbar sind, verwendet werden.The alkylene oxide polymers can be direct (straight) polyoxyalkylene glycols be generated by the polymerization of an alkylene oxide, or they can be from the Reaction products of alkylene oxide or alkylene oxide polymers with other materials exist. Usually used Alkylene oxide is ethylene oxide, as this is the most readily available, but propylene oxide can also be used or other oxides, if available, can be used.
Die Eigenschaften der Alkylenoxydpolymere können durch Umsetzung des Alkylenoxyds mit einem anderen Material variiert werden. Die gewöhnlich für diesen Zweck ausgewählten Materialien schließen Alkohole, Amine, Amide, organische Säuren, Phenole, Mercaptane und andere Verbindungen mit einem aktiven Wasserstoff ein. Die KondensationsprodukteThe properties of the alkylene oxide polymers can be varied by reacting the alkylene oxide with another material will. The materials usually selected for this purpose include alcohols, amines, amides, organic Acids, phenols, mercaptans, and other compounds with an active hydrogen. The condensation products
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mit Alkoholen sind Äther und sind "bekannt. Die anderen Kondensationsprodukte sind auch bekannt, und viele Materialen von allen diesen Typen sind im Handel erhältlich. Gewöhnlich werden 1 bis 3o molare Anteile des Aikylenoxyds mit 7o bis 99 molaren Anteilen des anderen Reaktionsteilnehmers umgesetzt.with alcohols are ethers and are known ". The others Condensation products are also known and many materials of all these types are commercially available. Usually 1 to 30 molar proportions of alkylene oxide are used reacted with 7o to 99 molar proportions of the other reactant.
Da die Alkylenoxydeinheiten wesentliche Mengen von Sauerstoff in das Polymer einführen, neigen die Produkte dazu, wasserlöslich anstatt öllöslich zu sein. Da eine Gllöslichkeit, wenigstens für Schmiermittel auf ölbasis, erwünscht ist, werden vorzugsweise die Reaktionsprodukte der Alkylenoxyde mit den aktiven V/asserstoff tragenden Verbindungen verwendet, weil durch Auswahl einer langen Kohlenwasserstoffkette an der aktiven T/ass er stoff verbindung die Öllöslichkeit des Produkts erhöht werden kann. Zu diesem Zweck werden Reaktionsprodukte mit langkettigen Alkoholen, wie Laury!alkohol, Cetylalkohol, Oleylalkohol, Cctadecanol, langkettigen Aminen und Amiden, wie Oleylamin und Oleylamid, langkettigen Mercaptanen, wie Dodecylmercaptan, langkettigen Garbonsäuren, wie Oleinsäure, Stearinsäure, Linölsäure, Linolensäure oder Rizinolsäure, Phenole mit langkettigen alkylsubstituierten Phenolen, wie Octylphenol oder Decylphenol, bevorzugt. Durch Auswahl der Kettenlänge an dem Reaktionsteilnehmer oder dem Anteil mit Bezug auf das Alkylenoxyd kann das hydrophile-lipophile Gleichgewicht nach Wunsch eingestellt werden.Dies ist von besonderem *<7ert für.die Formulierung von emulgierbaren Ölzusammensetzungen.Since the alkylene oxide units introduce substantial amounts of oxygen into the polymer, the products tend to be to being water soluble instead of oil soluble. As a solubility at least for oil-based lubricants is desired, the reaction products of the Alkylene oxides are used with the active hydrogen-bearing compounds because of the selection of a long hydrocarbon chain the oil solubility of the product can be increased at the active tea compound. To this The purpose is to use reaction products with long-chain alcohols such as laury alcohol, cetyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, cctadecanol, long-chain amines and amides, such as oleylamine and oleylamide, long-chain mercaptans such as dodecyl mercaptan, long-chain carboxylic acids such as oleic acid, stearic acid, linoleic acid, Linolenic acid or ricinoleic acid, phenols with long-chain alkyl-substituted phenols, such as octylphenol or Decylphenol, preferred. By choosing the chain length on the reactant or the proportion with reference to the Alkylene oxide can create a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance can be set as desired. This is particularly * <7ert for the formulation of emulsifiable oil compositions.
Da die Reaktionsprodukte aus Alkylenoxyd und aktiver Y/asserstoffverbindung oft restliche funktionelle Gruppen enthalten, können diese Gruppen einer weiteren Umsetzung unterworfen werden, so daß die Eigenschaften des Produkts weiter modifiziert werden können.Wenn z.B. ein Polyamin,Since the reaction products of alkylene oxide and active hydrogen compound often contain residual functional groups contain, these groups can be subjected to a further reaction, so that the properties of the product can be further modified, e.g. if a polyamine,
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wie Äthylendiamin, Propylendiainin, Triäthylentetramin, Tetraäthylenpentamin oder Hexamethylendiamin, mit dem Alkylenoxyd umgesetzt wird, können endständige Aminogruppen in dem Produkt vorhanden sein. Diese können mit Carbonsäuren, Anhydriden, Acylchloriden oder anderen Materialien umgesetzt werden. In ähnlicher Weise kann, wenn eine PoIycarbonsäure, wie Azelainsäure oder Sebacinsäure, mit dem Alkylenoxyd umgesetzt wird, das Produkt endständige Carboxylgruppen enthalten, die umgeestert oder in andere funktionelle Gruppen umgewandelt werden können. Diese nachfolgende Reaktion von irgendwelchen übrigbleibenden funktionellen Gruppen ist von besonderem Interesse bei Polyamin-, Polyalkohol- und Polycarbonsäure-Reaktionsteilnehmern, da die so gebildeten Sndgruppen leicht in andere Gruppen umgewandelt werden. Eine bevorzugte Reaktion ist diejenige zwischen einem Reäktionsprodukt mit endständigen Aminogruppen und einem Alkenyl- oder Alkylbernsteinsäureanhydrid, Das Anhydrid reagiert mit den Aminogruppen unter Bildung von Amiden oder cyclischen Imiden, in Abhängigkeit von den Bedingungen. Die Alkenyl- oder Alkylsubstituentengruppe an dem Bernsteinsäureanhydrid kann so ausgewählt werden, daß sie eine Kettenlänge hat, die geeignet ist, zu den gewünschten Löslichkeitseigenschaften beizutragen. So kann der Alkenyl- oder Alkylsubstituent 4 bis 5oo oder sogar mehr Kohlenstoffatome, gewöhnlich wenigstens 12, 2o, 3o oder 5o Kohlenstoffatome, haben. Die Herstellung von solchen Alkenyl- und Alkylbernsteinsäureanhydriden ist in der Technik bekannt (durch die Umsetzung eines Olefinpolymers, z.B. Polyisobutylen oder Polypropylen mit Maleinsäureanhydrid) .such as ethylenediamine, propylenediamine, triethylenetetramine, Tetraethylene pentamine or hexamethylene diamine, with the alkylene oxide is reacted, terminal amino groups may be present in the product. These can be mixed with carboxylic acids, Anhydrides, acyl chlorides or other materials are implemented. Similarly, if a polycarboxylic acid, such as azelaic acid or sebacic acid, with which alkylene oxide is reacted, the product has terminal carboxyl groups contain the transesterified or in other functional Groups can be converted. This subsequent response from any remaining functional Groups is of particular interest in polyamine, polyalcohol, and polycarboxylic acid reactants because the so-formed groups can easily be converted into other groups. A preferred response is that between a reaction product with terminal amino groups and an alkenyl or alkyl succinic anhydride, The anhydride reacts with the amino groups to form amides or cyclic imides, depending on the Conditions. The alkenyl or alkyl substituent group on the succinic anhydride can be selected so that it has a chain length which is suitable to contribute to the desired solubility properties. So can the alkenyl or alkyl substituent has from 4 to 500 or even more carbon atoms, usually at least 12, 2o, 3o or 5o carbon atoms. The preparation of such alkenyl and alkyl succinic anhydrides is in US Pat Technique known (through the conversion of an olefin polymer, e.g. polyisobutylene or polypropylene with maleic anhydride) .
Die Veresterung von Reaktionsprodukten mit endständiger Carboxylgruppe mit langkettigen Alkoholen, wie Cg-Cp-Alkoholen, z.B. Octanol, Decanol, Dodecanol, OctadecanolThe esterification of reaction products with a terminal carboxyl group with long-chain alcohols, such as Cg-Cp alcohols, e.g. octanol, decanol, dodecanol, octadecanol
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usw., liefert auch einen Weg zur Einführung von langkettigen Kohlenwasserstoffgruppen in das Reaktionsprodukt, um die Lö3lichkeitseigenschaften zu modifizieren. Eine Alternative hierzu würde in einer Veresterung eines Reaktionsprodukts mit endständiger Hydroxylgruppe mit einer langkettigen Carbonsäure, wie Decansäure, Oleinsäure und Stearinsäure, bestehen. Die Reaktionsprodukte mit endständigen Hydroxylgruppen können dadurch hergestellt werden, daß man ein Polyols wie Äthylenglykol, Glycerin oder Rizinusöl, mit dem Alkylenoxyd in bekannter Weise umsetzt.etc., also provides a way of introducing long chain Hydrocarbon groups in the reaction product to modify the solubility properties. One An alternative to this would be an esterification of a reaction product terminally hydroxyl group with a long chain carboxylic acid such as decanoic acid, oleic acid and Stearic acid. The reaction products with terminal hydroxyl groups can be prepared by that one reacts a polyol such as ethylene glycol, glycerine or castor oil with the alkylene oxide in a known manner.
Der in den Mischungen verwendete Schwefel kann elementaren Schwefel oder ein Schwefel enthaltendes Material oder eine Schwefelverbindung umfassen. Der Ausdruck "Schwefel" ist bestimmt, um elementaren Schwefel ebenso wie organische Schv/efelverbindungen einzusehließen. Soweit elementarer Schwefel betroffen ist, soll dieser Schwefeipulver mit irgendeiner der allotropen Formen und Schv/efe!blumen (Schwefelblüte) einschließen. Der Schwefel wird zweckmäßig durch Verwendung eines geschwefelten (sulfurisea) Mineralöls oder geschwefelten (sulfurised) Fettes geliefert. Solche Öle und Fette enthalten "korrodierenden", "aktiven" oder leicht zur Verfügung stehenden Schwefel, und sie werden oft (obwohl nicht ganz richtig) als Lösungen von Schwefel in dem Öl oder F.ett angesehen. Die geschwefelten öle werden durch Erhitzen des Öls mit Schwefel auf eine erhöhte Temperatur hergestellt. Die Herstellung der Pette ist in der Technik bekannt.The sulfur used in the mixtures can be elemental sulfur or a sulfur-containing material or comprise a sulfur compound. The term "sulfur" is designed to include elemental sulfur as well as organic sulfur compounds. So far more elementary Sulfur is concerned, this sulfur powder should with any of the allotropic shapes and flowers Include (sulfur bloom). The sulfur is conveniently obtained by using a sulphurized (sulfurisea) mineral oil or sulfurized fat. Such oils and fats contain "corrosive", "active" or readily available sulfur, and they are often (though not entirely correct) as solutions of sulfur viewed in the oil or fat. The sulfurized oils are made by heating the oil with sulfur to an elevated level Temperature established. The manufacture of the pette is known in the art.
Wahlweise kann der Schwefel durch ein Schwefel enthaltendes Material vorgesehen werden, das "aktiven", "korrodierenden" oder frei verfügbaren Schwefel liefert. Diese Materialien sind gewöhnlich Sulfide, insbesondere organische Sulfide, besonders Alky!sulfide einschließlich von Di-Alternatively, the sulfur can be provided by a sulfur-containing material which is "active", "corrosive" or supplies freely available sulfur. These materials are usually sulfides, especially organic Sulfides, especially alkyl sulfides including di-
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alkylsulfiden und -disulfiden, unsymmetrischen Alkylsulfiden, -disulfiden und -polysulfiden, in dem die Alkylgruppen einen Kohlenstoffatomgehalt in dem Bereich von 1 bis 2o haben. Es können auch aromatische Sulfide einschließlich von Phenylsulfiden und substituierten Arylpolysulfiden zur Anwendung gelangen. Besonders bevorzugt von den aromatischen Sulfiden ist Dibenzyldisulfid.Diese Sulfide können bis zu Io Schwefelatome je Mol Sulfid enthalten. In die Schwefelverbindungen, die in den Mischungen zur Anwendung gelangen können, sind solche, wie sie in der US-PS 2 993 858 beschrieben sind, eingeschlossen.alkyl sulfides and disulfides, unsymmetrical alkyl sulfides, disulfides and polysulfides in which the alkyl groups have a carbon atom content in the range from 1 to 2o to have. Aromatic sulfides including phenyl sulfides and substituted aryl polysulfides can also be used Application. Of the aromatic sulfides, dibenzyl disulfide is particularly preferred. These sulfides can contain up to 10 sulfur atoms per mole of sulfide. In the sulfur compounds used in the mixtures Such as described in US Pat. No. 2,993,858 are included.
Um die Verbesserung hinsichtlich der Metallbearbeitung saktivität (Metallschneidaktivität), die durch die Anwendung der obengenannten Mischungen in Schmiermittelzusammensetzungen verwirklicht werden, zu zeigen, wurden Vergleichswerte erhalten, wie sie in den nachstehenden Beispielen gezeigt sind.To improve the metalworking activity (metal cutting activity) brought about by the application of the above-mentioned mixtures are realized in lubricant compositions, have become comparative values as shown in the examples below.
Die 7/erte wurden mittels einesGewindeschneidleistimgstests (Tapping Efficiency Test) erhalten. Die Arbeitsweise dieses Tests schließt die Messung eines Drehmoments ein, das bei einem Innengewindeschneidvorgang unter Anwendung eines warmgewalzten Stahls (SAE Io2o) entwickelt worden ist.The 7ths were measured using a tapping performance test (Tapping Efficiency Test) obtained. The operation of this test includes the measurement of a torque which has been developed in an internal threading process using a hot-rolled steel (SAE Io2o).
Bei diesem Test werden 3o Drehmomente (torque values) mit der Prüfflüssigkeit erhalten und mit 3o Bezugsflüssigkeitswerten verglichen, um die prozentuale Gewindeschneidleistung zu erhalten, d.h.In this test, 3o torques (torque values) are obtained with the test liquid and with 30 reference fluid values compared to obtain the percent tapping performance, i.e.
durchschnittl. 3o Bezugsflüssigkeit-Drehmoment-Werte X loo ia Gewindeschneidleistung = average 3o reference fluid torque values X loo ia tapping capacity =
durc'hschnittl. 3o Prüfflüssigkeit-Drehmoment-Werte average 3o test fluid torque values
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Die Fähigkeit, ein Schneidöl wirksam zu bearbeiten, kann durch den Gewindeschneidtest gemessen werden. Sei dem Gewindeschneidtest wird eine Eeihe von Löchern in ein Prüfmetall, wie warmgewalzten Stahl SAB Io2o, gebohrt. Die Löcher werden in einer Bohrmaschine, die mit einem Tisch, der sich frei um die Mitte eines Kugellagers drehen kann, mit Gewinde versehen. Ein Drehmomentarm ist an diesem "schwimmenden Tisch" befestigt und der Arm seinerseits betätigt eine Federskala, so daß das tatsächliche Drehmoment während des Gewindeschneidens mit dem Öl, welches bewertet wird, unmittelbar gemessen wird. Die gleichen Bedingungen, die bei der Bewertung des Prüföls benutzt v/erden, werden beim Gewindeschneiden mit einer Bezugsflüssigkeit verwendet, der willkürlich eine Leistung von loo$ zuerteilt wurde. Pur die nachstehend beschriebenen Prüfungen umfaßte die Bezugsflüssigkeit 94 Gew.$ geschwefeltes Mineralöl, 3f° korrodierendes, geschwefeltes Fett und 3$ oxydierten Ca/PpSc-Schneidflüssigkeitszusatzstoff. Das durchschnittliche Drehmoment bei dem Prüföl wird mit demjenigen des Standardsverglichen, und es wird eine relative Leistung auf prozentualer Basis berechnet, beispielsweise:The ability to work a cutting oil effectively can be measured by the tapping test. For the tapping test, a series of holes are drilled in a test metal such as SAB Io2o hot rolled steel. The holes are threaded in a drill press fitted with a table that can rotate freely around the center of a ball bearing. A torque arm is attached to this "floating table" and the arm in turn actuates a spring scale so that the actual torque during threading is immediately measured with the oil being evaluated. The same conditions used in evaluating the test oil are used in tapping with a reference fluid arbitrarily assigned a rating of $ 100. Pur described below tests the reference liquid comprised 94 wt. $ Sulfurized mineral oil, 3f ° corrosive, sulfurized fat and 3 $ oxidized Ca / PPSC cutting fluid additive. The average torque for the test oil is compared to that of the standard and a relative power is calculated on a percentage basis, for example:
Drehmoment mit Standard-Bezugsöl 19» 3Torque with standard reference oil 19 »3
Drehmoment mit Prüföl 19,8Torque with test oil 19.8
relative Leistung des Prüfölsrelative performance of the test oil
19,3/19,8 χ loo 97,419.3 / 19.8 loo 97.4
Dieser Test ist von C. D. Flemming und L.H. Sudholz in "Lubrication Engineering", Bd. 12 Nr. 3 (1956), Seiten bis 2o3, und auch in der US-PS 3 278 432 beschrieben.This test is by C. D. Flemming and L.H. Brewing wood in "Lubrication Engineering", Vol. 12 No. 3 (1956), pages through 203, and also described in US Pat. No. 3,278,432.
Wenn die Drehmomentwerte der Prüfflüssigkeit den Bezugswert überschreiten, ist die Gewindeschneidleistung unter loo$. Die Kriterien für die Annehmbarkeit des Produkts werden wie folgt bewertet:If the torque values of the test fluid exceed the reference value, the tapping performance is under loo $. The criteria for the acceptability of the product are assessed as follows:
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- Io -- Io -
Flüssigkeit als hervorragend betrach-Liquid to be regarded as excellent
> loo *£ ΐθ^ ^111^ s°ll das Bezugsprodukt bei> loo * £ ΐθ ^ ^ 111 ^ s ° ll the reference product at
schweren Schneidvorgängen in der Leistung übertreffenOutperform heavy cutting operations
annehmbarer Bereich für Schneidflüs-0 ~" oo'° sigkeiten für mäßige Beanspruchungacceptable range for Schneidflüs- 0 ~ 'oo' ° fluids for moderate use
sämtliche Produkte mit Gewindeschneidleistungen unter 80$ werden als nicht- < 80 56 annehmbar angesehen. Die Drehmomentwerte sind unregelmäßig, häufig infolge von Kleben und/oder Bruch des Gewindebohrers. all products with tapping services below $ 80 are classified as non- <80 56 considered acceptable. The torque values are irregular, often as a result from sticking and / or breakage of the tap.
Unter Anwendung der vorstehenden Parameter wurden die folgenden Werte bei Vergleichen gegenüber Schwefel und einer Vielzahl von alkoxylierten Materialien erhalten. Die Alkylenoxydpolymere sind durch den Typ bezeichnet, wobei die Art der Verbindung, die mit dem Alkylenoxyd umgesetzt ist, in zweckentsprechender Weise bezeichnet ist. Die Ergebnisse sind in den nachstehenden Tabellen I und II gegeben. Die Tabelle I gibt die Ergebnisse für emulgierbares, in Öl dispergierbares Polymer wieder, und die Tabelle II enthält die Ergebnisse für öllösliche, nicht-emulsive Polymere. Die Polymeren der Tabelle I sind zur Verwendung in emulgierbaren 01-zusammensetzungen und diejenigen der Tabelle II in Schmiermitteln auf Ölbasis geeignet.Using the above parameters, the following values were compared against sulfur and one Obtain a variety of alkoxylated materials. The alkylene oxide polymers are denoted by the type, the type of compound which is reacted with the alkylene oxide in is designated appropriately. The results are given in Tables I and II below. The table I gives the results for emulsifiable, oil dispersible Polymer again, and Table II contains the results for oil-soluble, non-emulsive polymers. The polymers of Table I are for use in emulsifiable oil compositions and those of Table II are useful in oil-based lubricants.
609886/0969609886/0969
labe Me Ilabe Me I
Gewindeschneidtestergebnisse,Thread cutting test results,
emulgierbare, in Öl dispergierbare Äthylenoxydpolymere + Schwefelemulsifiable, oil-dispersible ethylene oxide polymers + Sulfur
Beispiel Zusatzstoff Gew.^ paraffin,Öl Gew.^ geschwefeltes Gewindeschneid-Example additive by weight paraffin, oil by weight sulphurized thread cutting
(32 cSt bei 38 C) paraffinisches öl leistung $,(32 cSt at 38 C) paraffinic oil power $,
(32 cSt bei 380C) SAE Io2o Stahl (o,68# zuges. S) (32 cSt at 38 0 C) SAE Io2o steel (o, 68 # added S)
Grundflüösigkeit A looBasic liquid A loo
Grundflüssigkeit B - looBasic fluid B - loo
ÄthylenoxydaminEthylene oxide amine
Athylenoxyd + Oleylamin 7Ethylene oxide + oleylamine 7
Äthylenoxyd + AmidEthylene oxide + amide
Athylenoxyd + Oleylamid 7Ethylene oxide + oleyl amide 7
Athylenoxyd + Dodecylniercaptan 7 -Ethylene oxide + dodecylniercaptan 7 -
Athylenoxyd + Oleinsäure 7Ethylene oxide + oleic acid 7
« + it _ γ« + It _ γ
Athylenoxyd + Octylphenol 7Ethylene oxide + octylphenol 7
Il It — ■ 7Il It - ■ 7
Polyoxyäthylenoleyläther 7Polyoxyethylene oleyl ether 7
-JO-JO
I I.
I.
Io378
Io3
II.
11
11576
115
Io 969
Io 9
ro roro ro
9999
83 cn
126 co K)
83 cn
126 co
Tebelle I (Portsetzung)Table I (port setting)
Gewindeschneidtestergebnisse,Thread cutting test results,
emulgierbare, in Öl dispergierbare Äthylenoxydpolymere + Schwefelemulsifiable, oil-dispersible ethylene oxide polymers + Sulfur
OOOO
OO
coco
co
Gew.$ paraffin.Öl Gew.$ geschwefeltes Gewindeschneiden 2 cSt bei 38 C paraffinisches Öl leistung #f Wt. $ Paraffin.Öl wt. $ Sulfurized threading 2 cSt at 38 C paraffinic oil performance # f
(32 cSt bei 380C). SAB Io2o Stahl (o,68$ züges. S) (32 cSt at 38 0 C). SAB Io2o steel (o, 68 $ züges. S)
77 11377 113
76 11576 115
92 Io692 Io6
K3K3
cncn
COCO
COCO
CT)CT)
G-ewindeschneidtestergebnisse, nicht-emulsive, öllösliehe Alkylenoxydpolymere + SchwefelThread cutting test results, non-emulsive, oil-soluble alkylene oxide polymers + Sulfur
Zusatzstoffe Gew.# paraffin.Öl Gew.$ geschw.
( 32 cSt bei 380C) paraffin. ÖlAdditives weight # paraffinic oil weight $ speed
(32 cSt at 38 0 C) paraffin. oil
; cSt bei 380O)
); cSt at 38 0 O)
)
buteny!bernsteinsäureanhydrid
und Aminopolyoxypropylenpoly-
merenImide made from poly
buteny! succinic anhydride
and aminopolyoxypropylene poly-
meren
anhydrid (23oo MW) + IM Diami
nopolyoxypropylen (2ooo MY/)2M polybuteny! Succinic acid
anhydride (23oo MW) + IM Diami
nopolyoxypropylene (2ooo MY /)
coσ>
co
anhydrid (12oo MW) + IM Diami
nopolyoxypropylen (2ooo MW)IM polybutenyl succinic acid
anhydride (1200 MW) + IM Diami
nopolyoxypropylene (2ooo MW)
Azelainsäure/Propylenoxyd/Iso
octanolproduced via the reaction
Azelaic acid / propylene oxide / iso
octanol
octanolAzelaic acid / propylene oxide / iso
octanol
G^ewindeschneidleistung #, SAE Io2o StahlThread cutting performance #, SAE Io2o steel
2222nd
11,5411.54
73
Io373
Io3
Io5Io5
Io8 on. co Io8 on. co
COCO
CDCD
Tabelle I zeigt, daß es scheinbar unmöglich ist, mit einem nicht-geschwefelten Mineralöl (Beispiel 1) Gewinde zu bohren, und daß nur eine begrenzte Verbesserung durch Schwefel (Beispiel 2) geliefert wird.Table I shows that it is seemingly impossible to thread with a non-sulfurized mineral oil (Example 1) to drill and that only limited improvement is provided by sulfur (Example 2).
Die Beispiele 3, 5» 7 usw. zeigen, daß sämtliche schwefelfreien äthoxylierten Materialien nicht-zufriedenstellende Schmiermittel sind, wenn sie zu Mineralöl zugesetzt werden. Wenn diese Materialien jedoch mit Schwefel kombiniert werden, wie dies die Beispiele 4, 6, 8 usw. zeigen, übersteigen die Gewindeschneidleistungen in großem Umfang die Werte, die für geschwefeltes Mineralöl erhalten werden.Examples 3, 5-7, etc. show that all of the sulfur-free ethoxylated materials are unsatisfactory Lubricants are when they are added to mineral oil. However, if these materials contain sulfur are combined, as shown in Examples 4, 6, 8, etc., exceed the tapping performance to a large extent the values obtained for sulphurized mineral oil.
Sämtliche Zusammensetzungen, die in der Tabelle I (Beispiele 3 bis 2o) beschrieben sind, sind emulgierbar, d.h. sie können in unmittelbarer Form oder mit Wasser vereinigt, um ein Emulsionsschmiermittel zu bilden, angewendet werden.Diese Emulsionsneigung ist für viele Anwendungen erwünscht. .Die Fähigkeit, sich mit Wasser zu vereinigen, kann jedoch dann unerwünscht sein, wenn Korrosions- und/oder 01-rückgewinnungsprobleme in Betracht kommen. Um diese Neigung von äthoxylierten Zusatzstoffen, sich mit Y/asser zu vereinigen, auf ein Minimum herabzusetzen, wurde eine Reihe von alkoxylierten Verbindungen synthetisch hergestellt, wobei eine Imid- und Esterbildung in Betracht gezogen wurde. Eine Zusammenfassung der Gewindeschneidergebnisse, die aus diesen nicht-emulgierbaren, öllösliehen Produkten erhalten wurden, ist in der Tabelle II gezeigt. In jedem Fall war die SohneidIeistung verbessert, wenn diese Verbindungen mit Schwefel vereinigt wurden.All of the compositions described in Table I (Examples 3 to 2o) are emulsifiable, ie they can be used in direct form or combined with water to form an emulsion lubricant. This tendency to emulsify is desirable for many applications. However, the ability to combine with water may be undesirable when corrosion and / or oil recovery problems are involved. In order to minimize this tendency of ethoxylated additives to combine with water, a number of alkoxylated compounds have been synthesized, taking imide and ester formation into consideration. A summary of the threading results obtained from these non-emulsifiable, oil-soluble products is shown in Table II. In either case, son performance was improved when these compounds were combined with sulfur.
609886/0969609886/0969
Claims (12)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US488645A US3919093A (en) | 1974-07-15 | 1974-07-15 | Lubricant compositions containing alkylene oxide polymers and sulfur |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE2533176A1 true DE2533176A1 (en) | 1977-02-10 |
Family
ID=23940536
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19752533176 Pending DE2533176A1 (en) | 1974-07-15 | 1975-07-24 | LUBRICANT |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3919093A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS5215504A (en) |
AU (1) | AU499914B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2533176A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2319702A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1522805A (en) |
NL (1) | NL7508704A (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4073736A (en) * | 1975-03-17 | 1978-02-14 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Metal working compositions |
NL7701169A (en) * | 1976-10-20 | 1978-04-24 | Mobil Oil Corp | METHOD FOR PREPARING LUBRICATION COMPOSITIONS FOR METAL WORKING |
US4080302A (en) * | 1977-04-27 | 1978-03-21 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Lubricant compositions containing organic hydroperoxides |
JPS5750106A (en) * | 1980-09-10 | 1982-03-24 | Nec Corp | Transistor circuit |
JPS58137327A (en) * | 1982-02-10 | 1983-08-15 | Toshiba Corp | Semiconductor integrated circuit |
JPS60112895A (en) * | 1983-11-24 | 1985-06-19 | Nippon Oil & Fats Co Ltd | Lubrication oil for metal rolling |
DE3844222A1 (en) * | 1988-12-29 | 1990-07-05 | Basf Ag | USE OF ADDUCTS OF 1,2-BUTYLENE OXIDE TO H-AZIDE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS AS LUBRICANTS AND LUBRICANTS CONTAINING THESE ADDUCTS |
US5397486A (en) * | 1993-07-30 | 1995-03-14 | Chevron Chemical Company | Lubricating oil compositions for railroad diesel engines |
EP3847491A1 (en) | 2018-09-07 | 2021-07-14 | Corning Incorporated | Optical fiber fan-out assembly with ribbonized interface for mass fusion splicing, and fabrication method |
EP3957708A1 (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2022-02-23 | Speira GmbH | Cooling lubricant for the cold rolling of aluminium |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE591045A (en) * | 1959-05-22 |
-
1974
- 1974-07-15 US US488645A patent/US3919093A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1975
- 1975-07-21 NL NL7508704A patent/NL7508704A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1975-07-21 GB GB30399/75A patent/GB1522805A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-07-24 DE DE19752533176 patent/DE2533176A1/en active Pending
- 1975-07-25 JP JP50090323A patent/JPS5215504A/en active Pending
- 1975-07-28 AU AU83459/75A patent/AU499914B2/en not_active Expired
- 1975-07-31 FR FR7524012A patent/FR2319702A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2319702A1 (en) | 1977-02-25 |
GB1522805A (en) | 1978-08-31 |
NL7508704A (en) | 1977-01-25 |
JPS5215504A (en) | 1977-02-05 |
US3919093A (en) | 1975-11-11 |
AU499914B2 (en) | 1979-05-03 |
AU8345975A (en) | 1977-02-03 |
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