EP3033500B1 - Lightweight metal inlet valve - Google Patents

Lightweight metal inlet valve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3033500B1
EP3033500B1 EP14747683.2A EP14747683A EP3033500B1 EP 3033500 B1 EP3033500 B1 EP 3033500B1 EP 14747683 A EP14747683 A EP 14747683A EP 3033500 B1 EP3033500 B1 EP 3033500B1
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Prior art keywords
vol
inlet valve
metal inlet
valve
lightweight metal
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EP14747683.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3033500A1 (en
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Arvid Lehrkamp
Alexander Puck
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Mahle International GmbH
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Mahle International GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/02—Selecting particular materials for valve-members or valve-seats; Valve-members or valve-seats composed of two or more materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/20—Shapes or constructions of valve members, not provided for in preceding subgroups of this group

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a light metal inlet valve for an internal combustion engine.
  • the invention also relates to an internal combustion engine having at least one such light metal inlet valve.
  • Inlet valves of gasoline engines are exposed to comparatively moderate component temperatures of, for example, 350-400 ° C.
  • aluminum inlet valves or generally light metal inlet valves can be used.
  • a generic light metal inlet valve for an internal combustion engine with a valve stem and a valve disk is known, wherein the valve disk has a convexly curved valve disk surface.
  • a light metal inlet valve for an internal combustion engine having a valve stem and a valve disk is known, which has a convexly curved valve disk surface.
  • the present invention therefore addresses the problem of providing a light metal inlet valve which can be used in internal combustion engines.
  • the present invention is based on the general idea to make a light metal inlet valve, in particular an aluminum inlet valve, suitable for use in gasoline engines by a departure from a design previously common in steel valves and to use with a special, high-performance aluminum alloy. Therefore, according to the invention, the light-metal inlet valve for an internal combustion engine not only has a valve stem, but also a valve disk with a valve disk surface which, in contrast to previous steel valves, now convexly convex. Due to the convexly curved valve plate surface, the geometry or design can be designed as robustly as required for the use of the light metal inlet valve in gasoline engines. Of course, the strength can also be optimized by varying individual alloy components of the material of the light metal inlet valve.
  • the light metal inlet valve is composed of an alloy having the following constituents, Si 23-27 vol.%, Fe 3-4 vol.%, Ni 2.5-3.5 vol.%, Mg 0.3-0, 7% by volume, Mn 0.3-0.7% by volume, Ti max. 0.5% by volume, Zr max. 0.5 vol.%, Cr max.
  • the groove angle ⁇ of the valve groove should be greater than 30 °.
  • the light metal inlet valve is made of aluminum or an alloy thereof and consequently has a significantly lower weight than a comparable valve made of steel, which is particularly noticeable in the fast translational movements during operation of the internal combustion engine.
  • the light metal valve is formed of an aluminum alloy having a minimum tensile strength of 200 MPa at 300 ° C, 150 MPa at 350 ° C and 85 MPa at 400 ° C. Such a minimum tensile strength at these temperatures allows the use of such light metal inlet valves in gasoline engines.
  • the light metal valve is expediently completely or at least partially coated, for example with chromium or nickel or nitrided or with a ceramic coating, in particular with titanium dioxide.
  • Chromium and nickel coatings and nitriding layers are wear protection layers already known as state of the art.
  • An innovation is the coating of an aluminum inlet valve with ceramic, which is also intended to protect the functional surfaces of the valve from wear.
  • the functional surfaces are the valve seat, the valve stem, the valve grooves and the shank end surface.
  • a particularly advantageous wear protection layer with ceramic coating results in hard anodization of the aluminum with the simultaneous embedding of nanoceramic particles.
  • the resulting ceramic coating is a micropatterned nanostructured corundum layer that has a very high hardness and can thus armor the valve.
  • Fig. 1 shows a light metal valve according to the invention in the region of a valve stem and a valve disk.
  • the valve disk 4 has a convexly curved valve disk surface 5, wherein the curved valve disk surface 5 in the middle is 0.5 mm ⁇ a ⁇ 2.0 mm higher than at the edge.
  • the convex elevation a is thus between 0.5 and 2.0 mm.
  • the light metal inlet valve 1 is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy which has the following constituents: silicon 23-27% by volume, iron 3-4% by volume, nickel 2.5-3.5% by volume , Magnesium 0.3-0.7 vol.%, Titanium at most 0.5 vol.%, Zirconium at most 0.5 vol.%, Chromium at most 0.5 vol.% And the remainder aluminum.
  • An alternative aluminum alloy for the Light metal inlet valve 1 according to the invention has the following constituents: nickel 4-6% by volume, iron 1.5-3.5% by volume, copper 1.5-3.5% by volume, manganese 0.5-1, 5 vol.%, Magnesium 0.4-0.8 vol.%, Titanium 0.4-0.8 vol.%, Zirconium 0.5-1.0 vol.%, Molybdenum 0.6- 1.0 vol.% And balance aluminum.
  • a possible aluminum alloy for the light metal inlet valve 1 according to the invention preferably has a minimum tensile strength of 200 MPa at 300 ° C, 150 MPa at 350 ° C and 85 MPa at 400 ° C.
  • the light metal inlet valve 1 according to the invention is at least partially coated, in particular with chromium or nickel. It is also conceivable that the light metal inlet valve 1 has wholly or at least partially a ceramic coating, in particular a titanium dioxide-containing ceramic coating or a hard anodized surface with embedded nanoceramic particles.
  • the cylindrical part of the valve stem 2 may usually have a diameter d between 5.5 mm and 7.0 mm, wherein it is also conceivable that the diameter d decreases conically at the transition from Hohlkhlradius R to the cylindrical part of the valve stem.
  • the valve head 4 preferably has a radius r which is greater than 15 mm.
  • the light metal inlet valve according to the invention which is usually designed as an aluminum inlet valve, but in theory can also be formed from another light metal, its use in a gasoline engine is possible for the first time by the selected geometric shape of the light metal inlet valve 1.
  • the previously known from steel valves geometric shape does not allow sufficiently high robustness of the design. This is inventively by the cambered, i. convexly outwardly curved valve disk surface 5, and the comparatively large groove angle ⁇ is reached, which stands for the slow transition between the valve disk 4 in the valve throat 3 and thus the comparatively squat shape of the valve throat 3.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Leichtmetalleinlassventil für eine Brennkraftmaschine. Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem eine Brennkraftmaschine mit zumindest einem derartigen Leichtmetalleinlassventil.The present invention relates to a light metal inlet valve for an internal combustion engine. The invention also relates to an internal combustion engine having at least one such light metal inlet valve.

Einlassventile von Benzinmotoren sind vergleichsweise moderaten Bauteiltemperaturen von beispielsweise 350-400°C ausgesetzt. Für diesen Anwendungsfall können deshalb auch Aluminiumeinlassventile bzw. generell Leichtmetalleinlassventile eingesetzt werden. Nachteilig, insbesondere bei Aluminiumeinlassventilen, ist dabei jedoch deren geringere Festigkeit im Vergleich zu Stahl.Inlet valves of gasoline engines are exposed to comparatively moderate component temperatures of, for example, 350-400 ° C. For this application, therefore aluminum inlet valves or generally light metal inlet valves can be used. A disadvantage, however, especially with aluminum inlet valves, but is their lower strength compared to steel.

Aus der DE 102 04 122 C1 ist ein gattungsgemäßes Leichtmetalleinlassventil für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Ventilschaft und einem Ventilteller bekannt, wobei der Ventilteller eine konvex gewölbte Ventiltellerfläche aufweist.From the DE 102 04 122 C1 a generic light metal inlet valve for an internal combustion engine with a valve stem and a valve disk is known, wherein the valve disk has a convexly curved valve disk surface.

Aus der WO 2006/086571 A1 und der GB 1 23 416 A1 sind ebenfalls gattungsgemäße Einlassventile bekannt.From the WO 2006/086571 A1 and the GB 1 23 416 A1 are also generic intake valves known.

Auch aus der GB 440206 A ist ein Leichtmetalleinlassventil für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Ventilschaft und einem Ventilteller bekannt, welcher eine konvex gewölbte Ventiltellerfläche besitzt.Also from the GB 440206 A For example, a light metal inlet valve for an internal combustion engine having a valve stem and a valve disk is known, which has a convexly curved valve disk surface.

Die vorliegende Erfindung beschäftigt sich daher mit dem Problem, ein Leichtmetalleinlassventil anzugeben, welches in Brennkraftmaschinen eingesetzt werden kann.The present invention therefore addresses the problem of providing a light metal inlet valve which can be used in internal combustion engines.

Dieses Problem wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Gegenstände der unabhängigen Ansprüche gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.This problem is solved according to the invention by the subject matters of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

Die vorliegende Erfindung beruht auf dem allgemeinen Gedanken, ein Leichtmetalleinlassventil, insbesondere ein Aluminiumeinlassventil, durch eine Abkehr von einem bisher bei Stahlventilen üblichem Design nunmehr für den Einsatz bei Benzinmotoren tauglich zu machen und mit einer speziellen, Hochleistungsaluminiumlegierung zu verwenden. Erfindungsgemäß weist deshalb das Leichtmetalleinlassventil für eine Brennkraftmaschine neben einem Ventilschaft auch einen Ventilteller mit einer im Unterschied zu bisherigen Ventilen aus Stahl nunmehr konvex gewölbten Ventiltellerfläche auf. Durch die konvex gewölbte Ventiltellerfläche kann die Geometrie bzw. das Design so robust auslegt werden, wie es für den Einsatz des Leichtmetalleinlassventils in Benzinmotoren erforderlich ist. Selbstverständlich kann die Festigkeit auch noch durch Variation einzelner Legierungsbestandteile des Werkstoffs des Leichtmetalleinlassventils optimiert werden. Besonders zielführend war hierbei eine Bombierung der Ventiltellerfläche, so dass dieser in der Mitte um ca. 0,5-2 mm höher ist als am Rand des Ventiltellers. Erfindungsgemäß ist das Leichtmetalleinlassventil aus einer Legierung mit folgenden Bestandteilen zusammengesetzt, Si 23-27 Vol.-%, Fe 3-4 Vol.-%, Ni 2,5-3,5 Vol.-%, Mg 0,3-0,7 Vol.-%, Mn 0,3-0,7 Vol.-%, Ti max. 0,5 Vol.-%, Zr max. 0,5 Vol.-%, Cr max. 0,5 Vol.-% und Rest Al oder aus einer Legierung mit folgenden Bestandteilen, Ni 4-6 Vol.-%, Fe 1,5-3,5 Vol.-%, Cu 1,5-3,5 Vol.-%, Mn 0,5-1,5 Vol.-%, Mg 0,4-0,8 Vol.-%, Ti 0,4-0,8 Vol.%, Zr 0,5-1,0 Vol.-%, Mo 0,6-1,0 Vol.-% und Rest AI.The present invention is based on the general idea to make a light metal inlet valve, in particular an aluminum inlet valve, suitable for use in gasoline engines by a departure from a design previously common in steel valves and to use with a special, high-performance aluminum alloy. Therefore, according to the invention, the light-metal inlet valve for an internal combustion engine not only has a valve stem, but also a valve disk with a valve disk surface which, in contrast to previous steel valves, now convexly convex. Due to the convexly curved valve plate surface, the geometry or design can be designed as robustly as required for the use of the light metal inlet valve in gasoline engines. Of course, the strength can also be optimized by varying individual alloy components of the material of the light metal inlet valve. Particularly expedient here was a crowning of the valve disk surface, so that it is about 0.5-2 mm higher in the middle than at the edge of the valve disk. According to the invention, the light metal inlet valve is composed of an alloy having the following constituents, Si 23-27 vol.%, Fe 3-4 vol.%, Ni 2.5-3.5 vol.%, Mg 0.3-0, 7% by volume, Mn 0.3-0.7% by volume, Ti max. 0.5% by volume, Zr max. 0.5 vol.%, Cr max. 0.5% by volume and balance Al or of an alloy comprising the following constituents, Ni 4-6% by volume, Fe 1.5-3.5% by volume, Cu 1.5-3.5% by volume %, Mn 0.5-1.5 vol.%, Mg 0.4-0.8 vol.%, Ti 0.4-0.8 vol.%, Zr 0.5-1.0 vol .-%, Mo 0.6-1.0 vol .-% and balance AI.

Um die Robustheit der Ventilauslegung des erfindungsgemäßen Leichtmetallventils weiter steigern zu können, sollte der Hohlkehlwinkel α der Ventilhohlkehle größer als 30° sein.In order to further increase the robustness of the valve design of the light metal valve according to the invention, the groove angle α of the valve groove should be greater than 30 °.

Zweckmäßig ist das Leichtmetalleinlassventil aus Aluminium ausgebildet bzw. einer Legierung davon und besitzt demzufolge ein deutlich geringeres Gewicht als ein vergleichbares Ventil aus Stahl, was sich besonders günstig bei den schnellen Translationsbewegungen beim Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine bemerkbar macht.Suitably, the light metal inlet valve is made of aluminum or an alloy thereof and consequently has a significantly lower weight than a comparable valve made of steel, which is particularly noticeable in the fast translational movements during operation of the internal combustion engine.

Weiterhin kann durch die, im Vergleich zu Stahl, höhere Wärmeleitfähigkeit der Aluminiumlegierung eine Temperaturabsenkung im Ventilkopf, besonders der Ventiltellerfläche, erzielt werden.Furthermore, by the, compared to steel, higher thermal conductivity of the aluminum alloy, a temperature reduction in the valve head, especially the valve disk surface can be achieved.

Bei einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung ist das Leichtmetallventil aus einer Aluminiumlegierung ausgebildet, die eine Mindestzugfestigkeit von 200 MPa bei 300°C, 150 MPa bei 350°C und 85 MPa bei 400°C aufweist. Eine derartige Mindestzugfestigkeit bei diesen Temperaturen ermöglicht den Einsatz derartiger Leichtmetalleinlassventile in Benzinmotoren.In an advantageous development of the solution according to the invention, the light metal valve is formed of an aluminum alloy having a minimum tensile strength of 200 MPa at 300 ° C, 150 MPa at 350 ° C and 85 MPa at 400 ° C. Such a minimum tensile strength at these temperatures allows the use of such light metal inlet valves in gasoline engines.

Zweckmäßig ist das Leichtmetallventil ganz oder zumindest teilweise beschichtet, beispielsweise mit Chrom oder Nickel oder nitriert oder mit einer Keramikbeschichtung, insbesondere mit Titandioxid. Chrom- und Nickelbeschichtungen und Nitrierschichten sind bereits als Stand der Technik bekannte Verschleißschutzschichten. Eine Neuerung stellt die Beschichtung eines Aluminiumeinlassventils mit Keramik dar, die ebenfalls die Funktionsflächen des Ventils vor Verschleiß schützen soll. Die Funktionsflächen sind der Ventilsitz, der Ventilschaft, die Ventilrillen und die Schaftendfläche. Eine besonders vorteilhafte Verschleißschutzschicht mit Keramikbeschichtung ergibt sich bei einem Hartanodisieren des Aluminiums mit der gleichzeitigen Einbettung von Nanokeramikpartikeln. Die sich dabei ergebende Keramikbeschichtung ist eine mikrovemetzte Nanostruktur-Korrundschicht die eine sehr hohe Härte aufweist und das Ventil so panzern kann.The light metal valve is expediently completely or at least partially coated, for example with chromium or nickel or nitrided or with a ceramic coating, in particular with titanium dioxide. Chromium and nickel coatings and nitriding layers are wear protection layers already known as state of the art. An innovation is the coating of an aluminum inlet valve with ceramic, which is also intended to protect the functional surfaces of the valve from wear. The functional surfaces are the valve seat, the valve stem, the valve grooves and the shank end surface. A particularly advantageous wear protection layer with ceramic coating results in hard anodization of the aluminum with the simultaneous embedding of nanoceramic particles. The resulting ceramic coating is a micropatterned nanostructured corundum layer that has a very high hardness and can thus armor the valve.

Weitere wichtige Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, aus der Zeichnung und aus der zugehörigen Figurenbeschreibung anhand der Zeichnung.Other important features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, from the drawing and from the associated description of the figures with reference to the drawing.

Es versteht sich, dass die vorstehend genannten und die nachstehend noch zu erläuternden Merkmale nicht nur in der jeweils angegebenen Kombination, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung verwendbar sind, ohne den Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung zu verlassen.It is understood that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained below can be used not only in the particular combination given, but also in other combinations or in isolation, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert.A preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing and will be explained in more detail in the following description.

Die einzige Fig. 1 zeigt ein erfindungsgemäßes Leichtmetallventil im Bereich eines Ventilschafts und eines Ventiltellers.The only Fig. 1 shows a light metal valve according to the invention in the region of a valve stem and a valve disk.

Entsprechend der Fig. 1, weist ein erfindungsgemäßes Leichtmetalleinlassventil 1 für eine im Übrigen nicht gezeigte Brennkraftmaschine einen Ventilschaft 2 sowie einen sich daran über eine Ventilkehle 3 anschließenden Ventilteller 4 auf. Der Ventilteller 4 besitzt erfindungsgemäß eine konvex gewölbte Ventiltellerfläche 5, wobei die gewölbte Ventiltellerfläche 5 in der Mitte um 0,5 mm < a < 2,0 mm höher ist als am Rand. Die konvexe Überhöhung a liegt somit zwischen 0,5 und 2,0 mm. Generell ist das erfindungsgemäße Leichtmetalleinlassventil 1 aus Aluminium bzw. einer Aluminiumlegierung hergestellt, die die folgenden Bestandteile aufweist: Silizium 23-27 Vol.-%, Eisen 3-4 Vol.-%, Nickel 2,5-3,5 Vol.-%, Magnesium 0,3-0,7 Vol.-%, Titan maximal 0,5 Vol.-%, Zirconium maximal 0,5 Vol.-%, Chrom maximal 0,5 Vol.-% und dem Rest Aluminium.According to the Fig. 1 , Has a light metal inlet valve 1 according to the invention for an otherwise not shown internal combustion engine, a valve stem 2 and a subsequent thereto via a valve throat 3 valve disk 4. According to the invention, the valve disk 4 has a convexly curved valve disk surface 5, wherein the curved valve disk surface 5 in the middle is 0.5 mm <a <2.0 mm higher than at the edge. The convex elevation a is thus between 0.5 and 2.0 mm. In general, the light metal inlet valve 1 according to the invention is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy which has the following constituents: silicon 23-27% by volume, iron 3-4% by volume, nickel 2.5-3.5% by volume , Magnesium 0.3-0.7 vol.%, Titanium at most 0.5 vol.%, Zirconium at most 0.5 vol.%, Chromium at most 0.5 vol.% And the remainder aluminum.

Eine alternative Aluminiumlegierung für das erfindungsgemäße Leichtmetalleinlassventil 1 weist folgende Bestandteile auf: Nickel 4-6 Vol.-%, Eisen 1,5-3,5 Vol.-%, Kupfer 1,5-3,5 Vol.-%, Mangan 0,5-1,5 Vol.-%, Magnesium 0,4-0,8 Vol.-%, Titan 0,4-0,8 Vol.-%, Zirconium 0,5-1,0 Vol.-%, Molybdän 0,6-1,0 Vol.-% und Rest Aluminium.An alternative aluminum alloy for the Light metal inlet valve 1 according to the invention has the following constituents: nickel 4-6% by volume, iron 1.5-3.5% by volume, copper 1.5-3.5% by volume, manganese 0.5-1, 5 vol.%, Magnesium 0.4-0.8 vol.%, Titanium 0.4-0.8 vol.%, Zirconium 0.5-1.0 vol.%, Molybdenum 0.6- 1.0 vol.% And balance aluminum.

Eine mögliche Aluminiumlegierung für das erfindungsgemäße Leichtmetalleinlassventil 1 besitzt vorzugsweise eine Mindestzugfestigkeit von 200 MPa bei 300°C, 150 MPa bei 350°C und 85 MPa bei 400°C. Darüber hinaus ist es auch denkbar, dass das erfindungsgemäße Leichtmetalleinlassventil 1 zumindest teilweise beschichtet ist, insbesondere mit Chrom oder Nickel. Ebenso denkbar ist, dass das Leichtmetalleinlassventil 1 ganz oder zumindest teilweise eine Keramikbeschichtung aufweist, insbesondere eine Titandioxid enthaltende Keramikbeschichtung bzw. eine hartanodisierte Oberfläche mit eingebetteten Nanokeramikpartikeln.A possible aluminum alloy for the light metal inlet valve 1 according to the invention preferably has a minimum tensile strength of 200 MPa at 300 ° C, 150 MPa at 350 ° C and 85 MPa at 400 ° C. Moreover, it is also conceivable that the light metal inlet valve 1 according to the invention is at least partially coated, in particular with chromium or nickel. It is also conceivable that the light metal inlet valve 1 has wholly or at least partially a ceramic coating, in particular a titanium dioxide-containing ceramic coating or a hard anodized surface with embedded nanoceramic particles.

In der gewölbten Ventiltellerfläche 5, die maßgeblich für die Festigkeitssteigerung des Leichtmetalleinlassventils 1 verantwortlich ist und der überhaupt erst einen Einsatz desselben in einer Brennkraftmaschine ermöglicht, kann zusätzlich ein Hohlkehlwinkel α zwischen einer durch den Rand der Ventiltellerfläche 5 definierten Ventiltellerflächenebene 6 und einer Tangente 8 an die Ventilkehle 3 größer als 30° sein. Durch den vergleichsweise großen Hohlkehlwinkel α wird ein vergleichsweise gedrungener Ventilteller 4 und ein vergleichsweise langsamer Übergang in den Ventilschaft 2 erreicht, wodurch eine geometrische Form erzielbar ist, die die Robustheit der Auslegung des Leichtmetallventils 1 erhöht.In the curved valve disk surface 5, which is largely responsible for the increase in strength of the light metal inlet valve 1 and the first allows use of the same in an internal combustion engine, in addition a groove angle α between a through the edge of the valve disk surface. 5 defined valve surface plane 6 and a tangent 8 to the valve throat 3 be greater than 30 °. Due to the comparatively large groove angle α, a comparatively squat valve disk 4 and a comparatively slow transition into the valve stem 2 are achieved, as a result of which a geometric shape can be achieved which increases the robustness of the design of the light metal valve 1.

Der zylindrische Teil des Ventilschafts 2 kann üblicherweise einen Durchmesser d zwischen 5,5 mm und 7,0 mm aufweisen, wobei auch denkbar ist, dass der Durchmesser d am Übergang vom Hohlkehlradius R zum zylindrischen Teil des Ventilschafts konisch abnimmt. Der Ventilkopf 4 besitzt vorzugsweise einen Radius r, der größer ist als 15 mm.The cylindrical part of the valve stem 2 may usually have a diameter d between 5.5 mm and 7.0 mm, wherein it is also conceivable that the diameter d decreases conically at the transition from Hohlkhlradius R to the cylindrical part of the valve stem. The valve head 4 preferably has a radius r which is greater than 15 mm.

Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Leichtmetalleinlassventil, welches üblicherweise als Aluminiumeinlassventil ausgebildet ist, rein theoretisch aber auch aus einem anderen Leichtmetall ausgebildet sein kann, ist erstmals durch die gewählte geometrische Form des Leichtmetalleinlassventils 1 dessen Einsatz in einem Benzinmotor möglich. Die bisher von Stahlventilen bekannte geometrische Form ermöglicht keine ausreichend hohe Robustheit der Auslegung. Diese wird erfindungsgemäß durch die bombierte, d.h. konvex nach außen gewölbte Ventiltellerfläche 5, und den vergleichsweise großen Hohlkehlwinkel α erreicht, der für den langsamen Übergang zwischen dem Ventilteller 4 in die Ventilkehle 3 und damit die vergleichsweise gedrungene Form der Ventilkehle 3 steht.With the light metal inlet valve according to the invention, which is usually designed as an aluminum inlet valve, but in theory can also be formed from another light metal, its use in a gasoline engine is possible for the first time by the selected geometric shape of the light metal inlet valve 1. The previously known from steel valves geometric shape does not allow sufficiently high robustness of the design. This is inventively by the cambered, i. convexly outwardly curved valve disk surface 5, and the comparatively large groove angle α is reached, which stands for the slow transition between the valve disk 4 in the valve throat 3 and thus the comparatively squat shape of the valve throat 3.

Claims (9)

  1. Lightweight metal inlet valve (1) for an internal combustion engine with a valve stem (2) and a valve head (4) having a convexly curved valve head surface (5), characterized in that
    - the lightweight metal inlet valve (1) is composed of an alloy with the following components, Si 23-27 Vol.-%, Fe 3-4 Vol.-%, Ni 2.5-3.5 Vol.-%, Mg 0.3-0.7 Vol.-%, Mn 0.3-0.7 Vol.-%, Ti max. 0.5 Vol.-%, Zr max. 0.5 Vol.-%, Cr max. 0.5 Vol.-% and the remainder Al, or
    - the lightweight metal inlet valve (1) is composed of an alloy with the following components, Ni 4-6 Vol.-%, Fe 1.5-3.5 Vol.-%, Cu 1.5-3.5 Vol.-%, Mn 0.5-1.5 Vol.-%, Mg 0.4-0.8 Vol.-%, Ti 0.4-0.8 Vol.-%, Zr 0.5-1.0 Vol.-%, Mo 0.6-1.0 Vol.-% and the remainder Al.
  2. Lightweight metal inlet valve according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the center of the curved valve head surface (5) is higher by 0.5 mm < a < 2.0 mm than at the edge.
  3. Lightweight metal inlet valve according to any of claims 1 or 2,
    characterized in that,
    the throat angle α between a level of the valve head surface (6) which is defined by the edge of the valve head surface (5) and a tangent (7) to a valve throat (3) is greater than 30°.
  4. Lightweight metal inlet valve according to any of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that,
    the valve stem (2) has a diameter of 5.5 mm < d < 7.0 mm.
  5. Lightweight metal inlet valve according to any of claims 1 to 4,
    characterized in that
    the lightweight metal inlet valve (1) has a minimum tensile strength of 200 MPa at 300°C, 150 MPa at 350°C and 85 MPa at 400°C.
  6. Lightweight metal inlet valve according to any of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that,
    a. the lightweight metal inlet valve (1) is entirely or at least partially coated, in particular with Cr, or Ni, or is nitrided,
    b. the lightweight metal inlet valve (1) has entirely or at least partially a ceramic coating, in particular TiO2.
  7. Lightweight metal inlet valve according to any of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the lightweight metal inlet valve (1) is entirely or at least partially hard anodized, wherein the coating comprises embedded nanoceramic particles.
  8. Lightweight metal inlet valve according to any of claims 1 to 7,
    characterized in that,
    the throat radius R is greater than 15 mm.
  9. Internal combustion engine with at least one lightweight metal inlet valve (1) according to any of claims 1 to 8.
EP14747683.2A 2013-08-14 2014-08-06 Lightweight metal inlet valve Not-in-force EP3033500B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201310216188 DE102013216188A1 (en) 2013-08-14 2013-08-14 Light alloy inlet valve
PCT/EP2014/066936 WO2015022252A1 (en) 2013-08-14 2014-08-06 Lightweight metal inlet valve

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JP2016534277A (en) 2016-11-04
EP3033500A1 (en) 2016-06-22
DE102013216188A1 (en) 2015-03-12
WO2015022252A1 (en) 2015-02-19

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