EP3031941B1 - Heat resistant alloy for production of aerosol cans - Google Patents
Heat resistant alloy for production of aerosol cans Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3031941B1 EP3031941B1 EP15198382.2A EP15198382A EP3031941B1 EP 3031941 B1 EP3031941 B1 EP 3031941B1 EP 15198382 A EP15198382 A EP 15198382A EP 3031941 B1 EP3031941 B1 EP 3031941B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- alloys
- aerosol cans
- cans
- aluminium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 43
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims description 43
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 description 10
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010421 standard material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000967 As alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018176 Al—(Mn, Fe)—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015136 FeMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
Definitions
- aerosol cans are manufactured either from pure aluminium or from aluminium alloys.
- 1000-series aluminium according to the European standard EN 573-3 is mostly used.
- the most common aluminium grades are EN AW 1050A having the minimum Al content of Al 99.5% and EN AW 1070A having the minimum Al content of 99.7%.
- aerosol cans are mostly made of 3000-series aluminium alloys according to the European standard EN 573-3.
- the most common aluminium alloy grades are EN AW 3102 having the Mn content of approximately 0.3% and EN AW 3207 having the Mn content of approximately 0.6%.
- aluminium and its alloys are mostly supplied in the form of slugs.
- Such slugs are manufactured in a continuous two-phase process comprising the following steps.
- the method of manufacturing aerosol cans can be described as follows:
- Aluminium alloys EN AW 3102 and EN AW 3207 offer enhanced mechanical properties (strength) and hence better rigidity and pressure resistance of finished aerosol cans. Nevertheless, the mechanical properties of these materials are changed when the cans pass through a curing oven in which polymerization of the inner varnish layer takes place.
- the curing (polymerization) temperatures of the inner varnish layers range between 210 and 255°C, the respective curing process lasting about 10 minutes. Under such temperatures, partial annealing of the can bodies occurs causing the mechanical strength of the same to decrease.
- Fig. 1 shows the temperature dependences of the strengths of the new alloys in comparison with those of standard alloys by means of a graphical representation.
- the subject matter of the present invention is a new, modified heat resistant aluminium based alloy provided for eliminating the effect of weakening the material of the cans passing through a curing oven.
- the desired enhancement of the mechanical properties of aerosol cans is achieved in comparison with standard (conventionally used) materials, along with the reduction of the wall thickness and increase of the pressure resistance of the same.
- the above favourable effect is achieved by adding an anti-recrystallization admixture formed by Zr (zirconium) for the purpose of modifying the composition of aluminium alloys falling under the EN AW 3207 standard.
- the alloy according to the invention has new chemical composition with added Zr, the proportion of the new constituent ranging between 0.10 and 0.15% by weight.
- the addition of Zr gives rise to completely new alloy which cannot be categorized in the existing classes according to the standard EN 573-3. Therefore, the new alloys will be referred to as MC alloys hereinafter, namely MC4 (EN AW 3207 + Zr).
- the composition of the new alloy (in percent by weight) is as follows:
- the new alloys were compared with the known, commonly used materials.
- the outcome is graphically represented in Fig. 1 where the first standard material according to EN AW 1050A, herein specifically referred to as alloy A5, is compared with the new alloy MC1_A which is not subject of this application. and the second standard material according to EN AW 3102, herein specifically referred to as alloy A3Mn, is compared with the new alloy MC4_A containing the added anti-recrystallization constituent Zr.
- the cans which were made of the above materials under the same technological conditions, had identical wall specifications.
- Alloy A3Mn (aluminium alloy according to EN AW 3102) having the following chemical composition in percent by weight:
- Table 1 shows the mechanical properties of the cans made of the above materials. During the comparison, the values of the tensile strength (Rm) of the cans measured before and after the curing oven, in which the inner varnish layer was polymerized, were evaluated. Moreover, the hardness (HB) of the input semifinished products (slugs) was measured.
- aluminium alloys A3Mn and MC3_A show that the value of the tensile strength of the latter alloy was by 27.1 MPa higher after the passage through the polymerization oven under the temperature of 255°C.
- the main advantages of the new alloys MC1, MC3 and MC4 particularly include:
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Rigid Containers With Two Or More Constituent Elements (AREA)
- Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
Description
- At the present time, aerosol cans are manufactured either from pure aluminium or from aluminium alloys. In the former case, 1000-series aluminium according to the European standard EN 573-3 is mostly used. The most common aluminium grades are EN AW 1050A having the minimum Al content of Al 99.5% and EN AW 1070A having the minimum Al content of 99.7%.
- In the latter case, aerosol cans are mostly made of 3000-series aluminium alloys according to the European standard EN 573-3. The most common aluminium alloy grades are EN AW 3102 having the Mn content of approximately 0.3% and EN AW 3207 having the Mn content of approximately 0.6%.
- For the manufacture of aerosol cans, aluminium and its alloys are mostly supplied in the form of slugs.
- Such slugs are manufactured in a continuous two-phase process comprising the following steps.
-
- Melting down ingots in melting furnaces.
- Transfer of molten aluminium into a holding furnace.
- Continuous casting of a strip.
- Hot rolling of the cast strip.
- Cold rolling of the cast strip.
- Coiling the rolled strip.
-
- Uncoiling the rolled strip.
- Punching the slugs in a blanking press.
- Annealing of the slugs.
- Cooling down of the slugs.
- Surface finishing of the slugs (tumbling, sand blasting, vibration).
- Packaging of the slugs.
- The method of manufacturing aerosol cans can be described as follows:
- Applying a lubricant to the slugs.
- Backward impact extrusion.
- Wall ironing of the can.
- Brushing of the can.
- Degreasing of the can.
- Application of the inner varnish layer + curing in a polymerization oven
- Application of the basecoat + curing in oven.
- Application of the decorative inks + curing in oven.
- Application of the overcoat + curing in oven.
- Shaping the cans on the necking press.
- The above described materials according to the standards EN AW 1050A and EN AW 1070A respectively exhibit significant levels of formability and work hardening which make them ideal for the manufacture of aerosol cans in a backward impact extrusion process. Aluminium alloys EN AW 3102 and EN AW 3207 offer enhanced mechanical properties (strength) and hence better rigidity and pressure resistance of finished aerosol cans. Nevertheless, the mechanical properties of these materials are changed when the cans pass through a curing oven in which polymerization of the inner varnish layer takes place. The curing (polymerization) temperatures of the inner varnish layers range between 210 and 255°C, the respective curing process lasting about 10 minutes. Under such temperatures, partial annealing of the can bodies occurs causing the mechanical strength of the same to decrease.
- In order to eliminate the above undesirable effect, thicker walls of the aerosol cans must be selected which are necessary for achieving the required safety and technological specifications, particularly a sufficient pressure resistance, of the cans. This leads to an significant increase of the consumption of input materials.
- In
US 6,543,636 a process of making cans from aluminium alloy is presented and alloy 1050 A was chosen as the as the suitable one. This alloy is known as EN AW 1050A according to the EU norm and is broadly used. Nevertheles, for some application tensile strength (Rm) of the cans is not satisfactory enough when being subject to the higher temperature. - The above drawbacks are eliminated by the heat-resistant alloy for the production of aerosol cans having the features defined in the characterizing part of claim 1.
- The invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings in which
Fig. 1 shows the temperature dependences of the strengths of the new alloys in comparison with those of standard alloys by means of a graphical representation. - The subject matter of the present invention is a new, modified heat resistant aluminium based alloy provided for eliminating the effect of weakening the material of the cans passing through a curing oven. Thereby, the desired enhancement of the mechanical properties of aerosol cans is achieved in comparison with standard (conventionally used) materials, along with the reduction of the wall thickness and increase of the pressure resistance of the same. Particularly, the above favourable effect is achieved by adding an anti-recrystallization admixture formed by Zr (zirconium) for the purpose of modifying the composition of aluminium alloys falling under the EN AW 3207 standard.
- The chemical compositions of the commonly used, non-modified alloys have the following limit values in accordance with EN 573-3 in percent by weight:
- EN AW 3207
- Si ≤ 0.30; Fe ≤ 0.45; Cu ≤ 0.10; Mn 0.40-0.80; Mg ≤ 0.10; Zn ≤ 0.10; Al remainder
- The alloy according to the invention has new chemical composition with added Zr, the proportion of the new constituent ranging between 0.10 and 0.15% by weight. The addition of Zr gives rise to completely new alloy which cannot be categorized in the existing classes according to the standard EN 573-3. Therefore, the new alloys will be referred to as MC alloys hereinafter, namely MC4 (EN AW 3207 + Zr). The composition of the new alloy (in percent by weight) is as follows:
- Alloy MC4
- Si ≤ 0.30; Fe ≤ 0.45; Cu ≤ 0.10; Mn 0.40÷0.80; Mg ≤ 0.10; Zn ≤ 0.10; Zr = 0.05÷0.20;
- Al remainder; (sum of all secondary elements ≤ 0.10)
- In order to verify the anti-recrystallization effect during the aerosol can production process, the new alloys were compared with the known, commonly used materials. The outcome is graphically represented in
Fig. 1 where the first standard material according to EN AW 1050A, herein specifically referred to as alloy A5, is compared with the new alloy MC1_A which is not subject of this application. and the second standard material according to EN AW 3102, herein specifically referred to as alloy A3Mn, is compared with the new alloy MC4_A containing the added anti-recrystallization constituent Zr. The cans, which were made of the above materials under the same technological conditions, had identical wall specifications. - The standard alloys used for comparison purposes of anti-recrystallization effect are designated as follows:
- Alloy A5 (aluminium according to EN AW 1050A) having the following chemical composition in percent by weight:
- Si = 0.08; Fe = 0.24; Cu ≤ 0.005; Mn ≤ 0.005; Mg ≤ 0.005; Zn = 0.01; Ti = 0,02; Al remainder
- Alloy A3Mn (aluminium alloy according to EN AW 3102) having the following chemical composition in percent by weight:
- Si = 0.07; Fe = 0.25; Cu ≤ 0.005; Mn = 0.29; Mg ≤ 0.005; Zn = 0.01; Ti = 0.02; Al remainder
- The newly developed alloy used for comparison purposes of anti-recrystallization effect are designated as follows:
- Alloy MC4_A having the following chemical composition in percent by weight:
- Si = 0.05÷0.09; Fe = 0.23÷0.27; Cu ≤ 0.005; Mn = 0.58÷0.62; Mg ≤ 0.005; Zn ≤ 0.015; Ti = 0.01÷0.03; Zr = 0.12; Al remainder
- Table 1 shows the mechanical properties of the cans made of the above materials. During the comparison, the values of the tensile strength (Rm) of the cans measured before and after the curing oven, in which the inner varnish layer was polymerized, were evaluated. Moreover, the hardness (HB) of the input semifinished products (slugs) was measured.
Table 1 Alloy Hardness of the slug Tensile strength Rm [MPa] After the backward extrusion After the curing (polymerization) oven of inner varnish 210°C/10min 230°C/10min 255°C/10min A5 20.8 164.1 154.8 150.5 135.1 A3Mn 22 180.7 172.6 167.9 151.2 MC1_A 22 171.0 171.1 168.3 167.2 MC3_A 23.5 182.5 179.2 179.0 178.3 - The results listed in Table 1 clearly show that the standard materials lose their tensile strength when being subject to the temperature of 255°C in the oven, the strength being decreased by 17.7% for aluminium A5 and by 16.3% for the alloy A3Mn. In contrast to that, the loss of strength of the alloys containing Zr is significantly lower, namely only 2.2% for the alloy MC1_A and 2.3% for the alloy MC3_A. In several cases, even an increase of the tensile strength of the new alloys was observed after they had passed through the curing oven.
- The comparison of aluminium A5 with the alloy MC1_A shows that the value of the tensile strength of the latter alloy was by 32.1 MPa higher after the passage through the polymerization oven under the temperature of 255°C.
- The comparison of aluminium alloys A3Mn and MC3_A shows that the value of the tensile strength of the latter alloy was by 27.1 MPa higher after the passage through the polymerization oven under the temperature of 255°C.
- Also advantageous proves to be the fact that although the alloy MC1_A containing the added Zr constituent has its tensile strength after the backward extrusion by 9.7 MPa lower in comparison with the alloy A3Mn, the passage of the alloy MC1_A through the polymerization oven under temperatures over 226°C causes the strength of this alloy to exceed the strength of the A3Mn alloy, even though the MC1_A alloy does not contain Mn.
- The main advantages of the new alloys MC1, MC3 and MC4 particularly include:
- a.) Owing to the admixture of Zr, the alloys MC1, MC3 and MC4 contain a fine dispersion of Al3Zr.
- b.) The presence of manganese in the alloys MC3 and MC4 additionally results in an increase of the strength of these alloys after undergoing a shaping process, this being due to the formation of the particles of Al6Mn, Al6(FeMn) and α-Al(Mn,Fe)Si.
- c.) The above particles become caught in the subgrain boundaries, thus preventing any recovery, formation of recrystallization nuclei or growth of recrystallized grains from occurring (increasing the recrystallization resistance).
Claims (1)
- Heat-resistant alloy for production of aerosol cans from a material having the following contents of alloying additions in percent by weight:according to the standards EN 573-3
EN AW 3207
Si ≤ 0.30; Fe ≤ 0.45; Cu ≤ 0.10; Mn 0.40-0.80; Mg ≤ 0.10; Zn ≤ 0.10;or with more specific compositions- Si = 0.05÷0.09; Fe = 0.23÷0.27; Cu ≤ 0.005; Mn = 0.58÷0.62; Mg ≤ 0.005; Zn ≤ 0.015; Ti = 0.01÷0.03;characterized in that each composition contains added Zr in the amount ranging between 0.10 and 0.15% by weight, the sum of the contained amounts of all the secondary elements being ≤ 0,10% by weight and Al content is remainder.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP15198382.2A EP3031941B1 (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2013-12-06 | Heat resistant alloy for production of aerosol cans |
SI201330705T SI3031941T1 (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2013-12-06 | Heat resistant alloy for production of aerosol cans |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP15198382.2A EP3031941B1 (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2013-12-06 | Heat resistant alloy for production of aerosol cans |
EP13466032.3A EP2881477B1 (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2013-12-06 | Heat-resistant alloy for production of aerosol cans |
Related Parent Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13466032.3A Division EP2881477B1 (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2013-12-06 | Heat-resistant alloy for production of aerosol cans |
EP13466032.3A Division-Into EP2881477B1 (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2013-12-06 | Heat-resistant alloy for production of aerosol cans |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3031941A1 EP3031941A1 (en) | 2016-06-15 |
EP3031941B1 true EP3031941B1 (en) | 2017-07-05 |
Family
ID=49955876
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15198382.2A Active EP3031941B1 (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2013-12-06 | Heat resistant alloy for production of aerosol cans |
EP13466032.3A Active EP2881477B1 (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2013-12-06 | Heat-resistant alloy for production of aerosol cans |
EP15198381.4A Active EP3009524B1 (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2013-12-06 | Heat resistant alloy for production of aerosol cans |
Family Applications After (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13466032.3A Active EP2881477B1 (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2013-12-06 | Heat-resistant alloy for production of aerosol cans |
EP15198381.4A Active EP3009524B1 (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2013-12-06 | Heat resistant alloy for production of aerosol cans |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (3) | EP3031941B1 (en) |
ES (2) | ES2630058T3 (en) |
HU (2) | HUE034858T2 (en) |
SI (3) | SI3009524T1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SI24969A (en) * | 2015-04-03 | 2016-10-28 | TALUM d.d. KidriÄŤevo | Aluminum alloy for manufacturing of aluminum aerosol cans by upstream extrusion and procedure for its production |
DE102018215254A1 (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2020-03-12 | Neuman Aluminium Austria Gmbh | Aluminum alloy, semi-finished product, can, process for producing a slug, process for producing a can and use of an aluminum alloy |
DE102018215243A1 (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2020-03-12 | Neumann Aluminium Austria Gmbh | Aluminum alloy, semi-finished product, can, process for producing a slug, process for producing a can and use of an aluminum alloy |
CN112822952A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2021-05-18 | Jt国际股份公司 | Aerosol generating device and heating cavity thereof |
EP3940099A1 (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2022-01-19 | Envases Metalúrgicos De Álava, S.A. | Aluminium alloys for manufacturing of aluminium cans by impact extrusion |
EP3940098A1 (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2022-01-19 | Envases Metalúrgicos De Álava, S.A. | Aluminium alloys for manufacturing of aluminium cans by impact extrusion |
EP3940100A1 (en) | 2020-07-16 | 2022-01-19 | Envases Metalúrgicos De Álava, S.A. | Aluminium alloys for manufacturing of aluminium cans by impact extrusion |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2775206B1 (en) | 1998-02-26 | 2000-04-21 | Cebal | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING AN AEROSOL CASE WITH THREADED NECK |
FR2873717B1 (en) * | 2004-07-27 | 2006-10-06 | Boxal France Soc Par Actions S | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING AEROSOL BOXES |
-
2013
- 2013-12-06 SI SI201330831T patent/SI3009524T1/en unknown
- 2013-12-06 HU HUE13466032A patent/HUE034858T2/en unknown
- 2013-12-06 SI SI201330681T patent/SI2881477T1/en unknown
- 2013-12-06 EP EP15198382.2A patent/EP3031941B1/en active Active
- 2013-12-06 HU HUE15198381A patent/HUE035724T2/en unknown
- 2013-12-06 ES ES13466032.3T patent/ES2630058T3/en active Active
- 2013-12-06 ES ES15198381.4T patent/ES2648668T3/en active Active
- 2013-12-06 EP EP13466032.3A patent/EP2881477B1/en active Active
- 2013-12-06 EP EP15198381.4A patent/EP3009524B1/en active Active
- 2013-12-06 SI SI201330705T patent/SI3031941T1/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SI3031941T1 (en) | 2017-09-29 |
EP3009524A1 (en) | 2016-04-20 |
SI2881477T1 (en) | 2017-08-31 |
ES2648668T3 (en) | 2018-01-05 |
EP3031941A1 (en) | 2016-06-15 |
EP2881477A1 (en) | 2015-06-10 |
HUE035724T2 (en) | 2018-05-28 |
SI3009524T1 (en) | 2017-12-29 |
EP2881477B1 (en) | 2017-03-29 |
ES2630058T3 (en) | 2017-08-17 |
HUE034858T2 (en) | 2018-03-28 |
EP3009524B1 (en) | 2017-10-11 |
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