EP3030640A1 - Dépôts de moteur réduits grâce à un agent de dispersion traité au cobalt - Google Patents
Dépôts de moteur réduits grâce à un agent de dispersion traité au cobaltInfo
- Publication number
- EP3030640A1 EP3030640A1 EP14753416.8A EP14753416A EP3030640A1 EP 3030640 A1 EP3030640 A1 EP 3030640A1 EP 14753416 A EP14753416 A EP 14753416A EP 3030640 A1 EP3030640 A1 EP 3030640A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- dispersant
- ppm
- less
- composition
- cobalt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
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- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
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- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical class O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 22
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 12
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- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(II) nitrate Inorganic materials [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012612 commercial material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DZQISOJKASMITI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decyl-dioxido-oxo-$l^{5}-phosphane;hydron Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCP(O)(O)=O DZQISOJKASMITI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005266 diarylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010710 diesel engine oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LTYMSROWYAPPGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl sulfide Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1SC1=CC=CC=C1 LTYMSROWYAPPGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940035422 diphenylamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- KWKXNDCHNDYVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylbenzene Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 KWKXNDCHNDYVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002272 engine oil additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005078 molybdenum compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002752 molybdenum compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LSHROXHEILXKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[2-[2-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethylamino]ethylamino]ethyl]ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCNCCN LSHROXHEILXKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=C1 SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RQVGZVZFVNMBGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-octyl-n-phenylaniline Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1N(CCCCCCCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 RQVGZVZFVNMBGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RRTKAPLFMTUHDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-octyloctanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCNC(=O)CCCCCCC RRTKAPLFMTUHDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000018 nitroso group Chemical group N(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036542 oxidative stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005606 polypropylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003244 pro-oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic anhydride Chemical class O=C1CCC(=O)O1 RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXQLVRUNWNTZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanyl Chemical class [SH] PXQLVRUNWNTZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002600 sunflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001911 terphenyls Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- DJWUNCQRNNEAKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc acetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O DJWUNCQRNNEAKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M133/38—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M133/44—Five-membered ring containing nitrogen and carbon only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/04—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M129/10—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/52—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms
- C10M133/56—Amides; Imides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M141/06—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic nitrogen-containing compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
- C10M159/12—Reaction products
- C10M159/18—Complexes with metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M163/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
- C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/022—Ethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/02—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds
- C10M2219/022—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds of hydrocarbons, e.g. olefines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/046—Overbasedsulfonic acid salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2227/09—Complexes with metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/04—Detergent property or dispersant property
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/40—Low content or no content compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/40—Low content or no content compositions
- C10N2030/42—Phosphor free or low phosphor content compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/40—Low content or no content compositions
- C10N2030/43—Sulfur free or low sulfur content compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
Definitions
- the invention provides a lubricating composition containing a dispersant treated with cobalt to reduce the formation of high temperature insoluble solids formed during exposure of the composition to heat.
- the invention further relates to the use of the lubricating composition in an internal combustion engine.
- the invention further relates to a method of reducing insoluble deposits in an engine using said dispersant treated with cobalt and said lubricating composition.
- lubricants become less effective during their use due to exposure to the operating conditions of the device they are used in, including exposure to heat, oxygen, and partial combustion by-products generated by the operation of the device.
- engine oil becomes less effective during its use, in part due to exposure of the oil to acidic and pro-oxidant by-products.
- KHT Komatsu hot tube test
- ZDP dialkyldithiophosphate
- ZDP dialkyldithiophosphate
- Desirable lubricants may be low in one or more of phosphorus and sulfur.
- the present invention relates to cobalt modified dispersants. These cobalt modified dispersants tend to minimize deposits formed as a result of oil insoluble oxidation products on the walls of glass tubes and engine components. These cobalt modified dispersants also increase the oxidation induction times of the formulated lubricant in tests like the SAE CECL85. [0008] It has now been discovered that the presence of cobalt, supplied for instance in the form of a reaction product of aminic (also known as ashless) dispersants and cobalt compounds, such as Co or Co provides a beneficial effect on one or more of the above properties. In particular, such materials as cobalt PIB-succinimide dispersants impart a beneficial effect in one or more of the Komatsu Hot Tube deposits screen test (KHT).
- KHT Komatsu Hot Tube deposits screen test
- the cobalt can be supplied as a Co-modified dispersant, such as a succinimide dispersant, Mannich base, or hydrocarbyl based polymer dispersants.
- a Co-modified dispersant such as a succinimide dispersant, Mannich base, or hydrocarbyl based polymer dispersants.
- Such materials may be prepared by forming a cobalt mixed anhydride between a cobalt alkoxide, chloride, carbonate, hydroxide, acetate, etc. and a hydrocarbyl- substituted succinic anhydride, such as an alkenyl- or alkyl- succinic anhydride.
- the resulting cobalt-succinate intermediate may be used directly or it may be reacted with any of a number of materials, such as (a) a polyamine-based succinimide/ amide dispersant having free, condensable -NH functionality; (b) the components of a polyamine-based succinimide/ amide dispersant, i.e., an alkenyl- or alkyl-succinic anhydride and a polyamine, (c) a hydroxy-containing polyester dispersant prepared by the reaction of a substituted succinic anhydride with a polyol, aminoalcohol, polyamine, or mixtures thereof.
- a polyamine-based succinimide/ amide dispersant having free, condensable -NH functionality
- the components of a polyamine-based succinimide/ amide dispersant i.e., an alkenyl- or alkyl-succinic anhydride and a polyamine
- the cobalt- succinate intermediate may be reacted with other agents such as alcohols, aminoalcohols, ether alcohols, polyether alcohols or polyols, or fatty acids, and the product thereof either used directly to impart cobalt to a lubricant, or else further reacted with the succinic dispersants as described above.
- a dispersant post treated with metal 1 part (by mole) of cobalt may be reacted with 2 parts (by mole) of a polyisobutene-substituted succinic anhydride at 110-155°C or 140-150°C for 5 to 6 hours to provide a cobalt modified dispersant or intermediate.
- the resulting material (30 g) may be further reacted with a succinimide dispersant from polyisobutene-substituted succinic anhydride and a polyethylenepolyamine mixture (127 g + diluent oil) at 155°C for 1.5 hours, to produce a cobalt -modified succinimide dispersant.
- Dispersants are well known in the field of lubricants and include primarily what is known as ashless-type dispersants and polymeric dispersants. Ashless type dispersants are characterized by a polar group attached to a relatively high molecular weight hydrocarbon chain. Typical ashless dispersants include nitrogen-containing dispersants such as N-substituted long chain alkenyl
- succinimide having a variety of chemical structures including typically
- each R is independently an alkyl group, frequently a polyisobutyl group with a molecular weight of 500-5000, and R are alkylene groups, commonly ethylene (C 2 H 4 ) groups.
- R are alkylene groups, commonly ethylene (C 2 H 4 ) groups.
- Such molecules are commonly derived from reaction of an alkenyl acylating agent with a polyamine, and a wide variety of linkages between the two moieties is possible in addition to the representative imide structure shown above, including a variety of amides and ammonium salts.
- the invention further provides a method of lubricating an internal combustion engine comprising the step of supplying to the internal combustion engine the lubricating composition described herein.
- the lubricating compositions of the invention comprise an oil of lubricating viscosity.
- Suitable oils include both natural and synthetic oils, oil derived from hydro cracking, hydro gen ation, and hydrofinishing, unrefined, refined, re-refined oils or mixtures thereof.
- Unrefined oils are those obtained directly from a natural or synthetic source generally without (or with little) further purification treatment.
- Refined oils are similar to the unrefined oils except they have been further treated in one or more purification steps to improve one or more properties.
- Purification techniques include solvent extraction, secondary distillation, acid or base extraction, filtration, percolation and the like.
- Re-refined oils are also known as reclaimed or reprocessed oils, and are obtained by processes similar to those used to obtain refined oils and often are additionally processed by techniques directed to removal of spent additives and oil breakdown products.
- Natural oils useful in making the inventive lubricants include animal oils, vegetable oils (e.g., castor oil,), mineral lubricating oils such as liquid petroleum oils and solvent-treated or acid-treated mineral lubricating oils of the paraffinic, naphthenic or mixed paraffinic-naphthenic types and oils derived from coal or shale or mixtures thereof.
- animal oils e.g., castor oil,
- mineral lubricating oils such as liquid petroleum oils and solvent-treated or acid-treated mineral lubricating oils of the paraffinic, naphthenic or mixed paraffinic-naphthenic types and oils derived from coal or shale or mixtures thereof.
- Synthetic lubricating oils are useful and include hydrocarbon oils such as polymerized, oligomerised, or interpolymerised olefins (e.g., polybutylenes, polypropylenes, propyleneisobutylene copolymers); poly(l-hexenes), poly(l- octenes), trimers or oligomers of 1 -decene, e.g., poly(l-decenes), such materials being often referred to as poly a-olefins, and mixtures thereof; alkyl-benzenes (e.g.
- dodecylbenzenes tetra-decylbenzenes, dinonylbenzenes, di-(2-ethylhexyl)- benzenes); polyphenyls (e.g., biphenyls, terphenyls, alkylated polyphenyls);
- diphenyl alkanes alkylated diphenyl alkanes, alkylated diphenyl ethers and alkylated diphenyl sulphides and the derivatives, analogs and homologs thereof or mixtures thereof.
- polyol esters such as
- oils may be produced by Fischer - Tropsch reactions and typically may be hydroisomerised Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbons or waxes. In one embodiment, oils may be prepared by a Fischer- Tropsch gas-to-liquid synthetic procedure as well as other gas-to-liquid oils. [0022] Oils of lubricating viscosity may also be defined as specified in April
- the oil of lubricating viscosity may be an API Group II or Group III oil. In one embodiment, the oil of lubricating viscosity may be an API Group I oil.
- the amount of the oil of lubricating viscosity present is typically the balance remaining after subtracting from 100 wt. % the sum of the amount of the compound of the invention and the other performance additives.
- the lubricating composition may be in the form of a concentrate and/or a fully formulated lubricant. If the lubricating composition of the invention (comprising the additives disclosed herein) is in the form of a concentrate which may be combined with additional oil to form, in whole or in part, a finished lubricant, the ratio of these additives to the oil of lubricating viscosity and/or to diluent oil include the ranges of 1 :99 to 99: 1 by weight, or 80:20 to 10:90 by weight.
- the present invention provides a lubricating composition containing an oil of lubricating viscosity and an additive comprising a dispersant treated with cobalt.
- the ashless dispersant reacted with cobalt may be present in a lubricating composition in a concentration from about 0.5 to about 10 weight percent, more desirably from about 1 to about 5 weight percent, and preferably from about 1.5 to about 3.5 weight percent based on the total weight of the lubricating compositions.
- the amount of cobalt incorporated into the lubricant from treating the dispersant in the lubricating composition is from about 40 to about 500 parts per million parts by weight (ppm) of lubricating composition, more desirably from about 50, 60 or 70 to about 300 ppm, and in one embodiment from about 80 to 250 ppm.
- Sources of cobalt include CoCl 2 , Co(OH) 2 , Co(C0 3 ), CO(S0 4 ), CoO, Co 4 S 4 , Co(N0 3 ) 2 , CoMo0 4 , Co 2 B, Co 2 P, Co(N0 2 ) 2 , and Co(acac) 2 .
- the ashless dispersant and the cobalt compound will be reacted together at temperatures of at least 100°C, more desirably at least 140°C for times such as desirably at least 1 hour and more desirably at least 2 or 4 hours so as to form a reaction product where a significant portion of cobalt is physically or chemically associated with the dispersant. While a reaction product is the desired result, it is acknowledged that some cobalt and some ashless dispersant may remain in the form of reactants that haven't been converted to associated materials.
- Suitable dispersants for use in the compositions of the present invention include succinimide dispersants.
- the dispersant may be present as a single dispersant.
- the dispersant may be present as a mixture of two or three different dispersants, wherein at least one may be a succinimide dispersant.
- the succinimide dispersant may be a derivative of an aliphatic polyamine, or mixtures thereof.
- the aliphatic polyamine may be aliphatic polyamine such as an ethylenepolyamine, a propylenepolyamine, a butylenepolyamine, or mixtures thereof.
- the aliphatic polyamine may be
- the aliphatic polyamine may be selected from the group consisting of ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine,
- the dispersant may be a N-substituted long chain alkenyl
- N-substituted long chain alkenyl succinimide examples include polyisobutylene succinimide. Typically, the polyisobutylene from which
- polyisobutylene succinic anhydride is derived has a number average molecular weight of 350 to 5000, or 550 to 3000 or 750 to 2500.
- Succinimide dispersants and their preparation are disclosed, for instance in US Patents 3, 172,892; 3,219,666; 3,316,177; 3,340,281; 3,351 ,552; 3,381,022; 3,433,744; 3,444,170; 3,467,668;
- Mannich base type Another class of ashless dispersant is Mannich base type. These are materials which are formed by the condensation of a higher molecular weight, alkyl- substituted phenol, an alkylene polyamine, and an aldehyde such as formaldehyde. Such materials may have the general structure
- Another class of ashless dispersants is high molecular weight ester type. These materials are similar to the above-described succinimides except that they may be seen as having been prepared by reaction of a hydrocarbyl acylating agent and a polyhydric aliphatic alcohol such as glycerol, pentaerythritol, or sorbitol. Such materials are described in more detail in U.S. Patent 3,381 ,022.
- dispersants include polymeric dispersant additives, which are generally hydrocarbon-based polymers which contain polar functionality to impart dispersancy characteristics to the polymer.
- Dispersants can also be post-treated by reaction with any of a variety of agents. Among these are urea, thiourea, dimercaptothiadiazoles, carbon disulfide, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, hydrocarbon-substituted succinic anhydrides, nitriles, epoxides, boron compounds, and phosphorus compounds.
- agents include urea, thiourea, dimercaptothiadiazoles, carbon disulfide, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, hydrocarbon-substituted succinic anhydrides, nitriles, epoxides, boron compounds, and phosphorus compounds.
- compositions of the invention may optionally comprise one or more additional performance additives.
- additional performance additives may include one or more metal deactivators, viscosity modifiers, detergents, friction modifiers, antiwear agents, corrosion inhibitors, dispersants (other than the compound of the present invention), dispersant viscosity modifiers, extreme pressure agents, antioxidants, foam inhibitors, demulsifiers, pour point depressants, seal swelling agents, and any combination or mixture thereof.
- metal deactivators viscosity modifiers
- detergents e.g., friction modifiers, antiwear agents, corrosion inhibitors, dispersants (other than the compound of the present invention), dispersant viscosity modifiers, extreme pressure agents, antioxidants, foam inhibitors, demulsifiers, pour point depressants, seal swelling agents, and any combination or mixture thereof.
- dispersants other than the compound of the present invention
- dispersant viscosity modifiers e.g., extreme pressure agents, antioxidants, foam inhibitors, demulsifiers, pour point depress
- the invention provides a lubricating composition further comprising an antiwear agent, a dispersant viscosity modifier, a friction modifier, a viscosity modifier, an antioxidant, an overbased detergent, or a combination thereof, where each of the additives listed may be a mixture of two or more of that type of additive.
- the invention provides a lubricating composition further comprising an antiwear agent, a dispersant viscosity modifier, a friction modifier, a viscosity modifier (typically an olefin copolymer such as an ethylene-propylene copolymer), an antioxidant (including phenolic and/or aminic antioxidants), an overbased detergent (including overbased sulfonates and phenates), or a combination thereof, where each of the additives listed may be a mixture of two or more of that type of additive.
- an antiwear agent typically an olefin copolymer such as an ethylene-propylene copolymer
- an antioxidant including phenolic and/or aminic antioxidants
- an overbased detergent including overbased sulfonates and phenates
- the lubricating composition of the invention further includes an antiwear agent such as a phosphorus- containing antiwear agent such as a dithiophosphate agent such as a metal dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate (typically zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP)), wherein the metal dihydrocarbyl
- an antiwear agent such as a phosphorus- containing antiwear agent such as a dithiophosphate agent such as a metal dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate (typically zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP)), wherein the metal dihydrocarbyl
- ZDDP zinc dialkyldithiophosphate
- dithiophosphate contributes at least 100 ppm, at least 200 ppm, at least 250 ppm, 200 ppm to 1000 ppm, or 250 or 300 ppm to 800 ppm, or 300 or 400 ppm to 600 ppm of phosphorus to the lubricating composition.
- the lubricating composition is free of or substantially free (meaning less than 100, less than 50 or less than 20 ppm of phosphorus from a metal dialkyldithiophosphate such as zinc dialkyldithiophosphate).
- the lubricating composition of the invention further comprises a dispersant viscosity modifier.
- the dispersant viscosity modifier may be present at 0 wt. % to 5 wt. %, 0 wt. % to 4 wt. %, or 0.05 wt. % to 2 wt. % of the lubricating composition.
- Suitable dispersant viscosity modifiers include functionalized polyolefins, for example, ethylene-propylene copolymers that have been
- the dispersant viscosity modifier may include those described in U.S. Patent 4,863,623 (see column 2, line 15 to column 3, line 52) or in
- the lubricant composition has low level or is free of metals selected from the group of molybdenum, titanium, and boron.
- the lubricant composition has less than 100, less than 50, less than 20, less than 20 or 0 ppm of molybdenum based on the weight of the lubricant composition.
- Ppm is an abbreviation for parts by weight per million parts by weight of the total composition.
- the lubricant composition has less than 50, less than 30, less than 10, less than 5 or 0 ppm of titanium based on the weight of the lubricant composition.
- the lubricant composition has less than 100, less than 80, less than 50, less than 25, less than 10, or 0 ppm of boron based on the weight of the lubricant composition. In one embodiment the limitations on molybdenum, titanium, and boron are all together applied to the composition
- the invention provides a lubricating composition further comprising an overbased detergent.
- the overbased detergent may be selected from the group consisting of sulfur-free phenates, sulfur- containing phenates, sulfonates, salixarates, salicylates, and mixtures thereof.
- the overbased detergent may also include "hybrid" detergents formed with mixed surfactant systems including phenate and/or sulfonate components, e.g., phenate/salicylates, sulfonate/phenates, sulfonate/salicylates,
- the hybrid detergent would be considered equivalent to amounts of distinct phenate and sulfonate detergents introducing like amounts of phenate and sulfonate soaps, respectively.
- an overbased detergent may be sodium salts, calcium salts, magnesium salts, or mixtures thereof of the phenates, sulfur containing phenates, sulfonates, salixarates and salicylates.
- Overbased phenates and salicylates typically have a total base number of 180 to 450 TBN.
- Overbased sulfonates typically have a total base number of 250 to 600, or 300 to 500.
- Overbased detergents are known in the art.
- the sulfonate detergent may be predominantly a linear alkylbenzene sulfonate detergent having a metal ratio of at least 8 as is described in paragraphs [0026] to [0037] of US Patent Publication 2005065045 (and granted as US 7,407,919).
- the linear alkylbenzene sulfonate detergent may be particularly useful for assisting in improving fuel economy.
- the linear alkyl group may be attached to the benzene ring anywhere along the linear chain of the alkyl group, but often in the 2-, 3- or 4- position of the linear chain. In some instances, the linear alkyl group may be attached predominantly in the 2- position, resulting in the linear alkylbenzene sulfonate detergent.
- the overbased detergent may be present at 0 wt. % to 15 wt. %, 0.1 wt. % to 10 wt. %, 0.2 wt. % to 8 wt. %, or 0.2 wt. % to 3 wt. %.
- the detergent may be present at or 2 wt. % to 3 wt. % of the lubricating composition.
- the detergent may be present at 0.2 wt. % to 1 wt. % of the lubricating composition.
- the lubricating composition includes an antioxidant, or mixtures thereof.
- the antioxidant may be present at 0 wt. % to 15 wt. %, 0.1 wt. % to 10 wt. %, or 0.5 wt. % to 5 wt. % of the lubricating
- Antioxidants include sulfurized olefins, alkylated diarylamines
- alkylated phenyl naphthyl amines typically those commercially available as Irganox® L 06 from CIBA, or alkylated diphenylamines such as dinonyl diphenylamine, octyl diphenylamine, dioctyl diphenyl amine), hindered phenols, molybdenum compounds (such as molybdenum dithiocarbamates), or mixtures thereof.
- the hindered phenol antioxidant often contains a secondary butyl and/or a tertiary butyl group as a sterically hindering group.
- the phenol group may be further substituted with a hydrocarbyl group (typically linear or branched alkyl) and/or a bridging group linking to a second aromatic group.
- hindered phenol antioxidants examples include 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, 4-methyl-2,6-di-tert- butylphenol, 4-ethyl-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, 4-propyl-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol or 4- butyl-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, or 4-dodecyl-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol.
- the hindered phenol antioxidant may be an ester and may include e.g., IrganoxTM L-135 from Ciba. A more detailed description of suitable ester- containing hindered phenol antioxidant chemistry is found in US Patent 6,559, 105.
- friction modifiers include long chain fatty acid derivatives of amines, fatty esters, or epoxides; fatty imidazolines such as condensation products of carboxylic acids and polyalkylene-polyamines; amine salts of alkylphosphoric acids; fatty alkyl tartrates; fatty alkyl tartrimides; or fatty alkyl tartramides.
- fatty as used herein, can mean having a C8-22 linear alkyl group.
- Friction modifiers may also encompass materials such as sulfurised fatty compounds and olefins, molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphates, molybdenum dithiocarbamates, sunflower oil or monoester of a polyol and an aliphatic carboxylic acid.
- the friction modifier may be selected from the group consisting of long chain fatty acid derivatives of amines, long chain fatty esters, or long chain fatty epoxides; fatty imidazolines; amine salts of
- the friction modifier may be present at 0 wt. % to 6 wt. %, 0.05 wt. % to 4 wt. %, or 0.1 wt. % to 2 wt. % of the lubricating composition.
- the friction modifier may be a long chain fatty acid ester.
- the long chain fatty acid ester may be a monoester or a diester or a mixture thereof, and in another embodiment, the long chain fatty acid ester may be a triglyceride.
- corrosion inhibitors include those described in paragraphs 5 to 8 of US Application US05/038319, published as WO2006/047486, octyl octanamide, condensation products of dodecenyl succinic acid or anhydride and a fatty acid such as oleic acid with a polyamine.
- the corrosion inhibitors include the Synalox® corrosion inhibitor.
- the Synalox® corrosion inhibitor may be a homopolymer or copolymer of propylene oxide.
- the Synalox® corrosion inhibitor is described in more detail in a product brochure with Form No. 1 18-01453-0702 AMS, published by The Dow Chemical Company.
- Metal deactivators including derivatives of benzotriazoles (typically tolyltriazole), dimercaptothiadiazole derivatives, 1 ,2,4-triazoles, benzimidazoles, 2- alkyldithiobenzimidazoles, or 2-alkyldithiobenzothiazoles; foam inhibitors including copolymers of ethyl acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and copolymers of ethyl acrylate and 2-ethylhexylacrylate and vinyl acetate; demulsifiers including trialkyl phosphates, polyethylene glycols, polyethylene oxides, polypropylene oxides and (ethylene oxide-propylene oxide) polymers; pour point depressants including esters of maleic anhydride-styrene, polymethacrylates, polyacrylates or polyacrylamides
- Pour point depressants that may be useful in the compositions of the invention include poly(alphaolefins), esters of maleic anhydride-styrene, poly(meth)acrylates, polyacrylates or polyacrylamides.
- the lubricating composition may have a composition as described in the following Table 1 :
- the present invention provides a surprising ability to reduce high temperature deposit formation on walls of the reactor in the KHT test simply by modifying the dispersant with a few hundred ppm of cobalt.
- the invention provides a method of lubricating an internal combustion engine comprising the step of supplying to the internal combustion engine a lubricating composition as disclosed herein. Generally the lubricant is added to the lubricating system of the internal combustion engine, which then delivers the lubricating composition to the critical parts of the engine that require lubrication during its operation,.
- the lubricating compositions described above may be utilized in an internal combustion engine.
- the engine components may have a surface of steel or aluminum (typically a surface of steel), and may also be coated for example with a diamond like carbon (DLC) coating.
- DLC diamond like carbon
- An aluminum surface may be comprised of an aluminum alloy that may be a eutectic or hyper-eutectic aluminum alloy (such as those derived from aluminum silicates, aluminum oxides, or other ceramic materials).
- the aluminum surface may be present on a cylinder bore, cylinder block, or piston ring having an aluminum alloy, or aluminum composite.
- the internal combustion engine may or may not have an Exhaust Gas
- the internal combustion engine may be fitted with an emission control system or a turbocharger.
- emission control system include diesel particulate filters (DPF), or systems employing selective catalytic reduction (SCR).
- the internal combustion engine may be a diesel fuelled or biofuelled engine (typically a heavy duty diesel engine), a gasoline fuelled engine, a natural gas fuelled engine or a mixed gasoline/alcohol fuelled engine.
- the internal combustion engine may be a diesel fuelled engine and in another embodiment, a gasoline fuelled engine.
- the internal combustion engine may be a 2-stroke or 4-stroke engine.
- Suitable internal combustion engines include marine diesel engines, aviation piston engines, low-load diesel engines, and automobile and truck engines.
- the internal combustion engine of the present invention is distinct from gas turbine. In an internal combustion engine, individual combustion events which through the rod and crankshaft translate from a linear reciprocating force into a rotational torque. In contrast, in a gas turbine (may also be referred to as a jet engine) it is a continuous combustion process that generates a rotational torque continuously without translation and can also develop thrust at the exhaust outlet. These differences result in the operation conditions of a gas turbine and internal combustion engine different operating environments and stresses.
- the lubricant composition for an internal combustion engine may be suitable for any engine lubricant irrespective of the sulfur, phosphorus or sulfated ash (ASTM D-874) content.
- the sulfur content of the engine oil lubricant may be 1 wt. % or less, 0.8 wt. % or less, 0.5 wt. % or less, or 0.3 wt. % or less. In one embodiment, the sulfur content may be in the range of 0.001 wt. % to 0.5 wt. % or 0.01 wt. % to 0.3 wt. %.
- the phosphorus content may be 0.2 wt. % or less, 0.12 wt.
- the phosphorus content may be 100 ppm to 1000 ppm, or 200 ppm to 600 ppm.
- the total sulfated ash content may be 2 wt. % or less, 1.5 wt. % or less, 1.1 wt. % or less, 1 wt. % or less, 0.8 wt. % or less, 0.5 wt. % or less, or 0.4 wt.
- the sulfated ash content may be 0.05 wt. % to 0.9 wt. %, 0.1 wt. % to 0.2 wt. % or to 0.45 wt. %.
- the amount of sulfur from all the sulfur containing additives is from about 500 or 1000 to about 2500 ppm sulfur, based on the weight of the lubricant compositions, more desirably from about 500 to about 1500 ppm.
- the lubricating composition may be an engine oil, wherein the lubricating composition may be characterized as having at least one of (i) a sulfur content of 0.5 wt. % or less, (ii) a phosphorus content of 0.1 wt. % or less, (iii) a sulfated ash content of 1.5 wt. % or less, or combinations thereof.
- Polyethylene amine still bottoms 25 g, 34 wt. % N were added to the dropping funnel. The mixture was warmed to 1 10°C with stirring. The polyamine was added drop-wise to the sub-surface tube over 35 min. The temperature was increased to 155°C and the preparation was stirred for 5.25 h.
- Comparative Example 5 (CEX5): Synthesis of Zn-Containing Dispersant
- Polyethylene amine still bottoms 43 g, 34 wt. % N
- the mixture was warmed to 1 10 °C with stirring.
- the polyamine was added drop-wise to the sub-surface tube over 35 min. The temperature was increased to 155 °C and the preparation was stirred for 5.25 h.
- Comparative Lubricant 1 contains Comparative Dispersant Example 1 which is a baseline that contains no succinimide dispersant post-treatment with a metal.
- Comparative Lubricants 2-5 (CL2-CL5) contain equivalent treat rates of
- Comparative Dispersant Examples 2-5 containing Al, La, Ba and Zn post- treatments, respectively. These metals have only one stable oxidation state.
- Lubricants L6 through L9 and LI 1 contain equivalent treat rates of Dispersant Examples 6-9 and 1 1 (EX6 -EX9 and EX1 1).
- additives include friction modifier(s), foam inhibitor(s), and/or pour point depressant(s)
- Table 3 shows the KHT performance of the Lubricants from Table 2.
- the present invention encompasses lubricant compositions prepared by admixing the components described above.
- hydrocarbyl substituent or “hydrocarbyl group” is used in its ordinary sense, which is well-known to those skilled in the art. Specifically, it refers to a group having a carbon atom directly attached to the remainder of the molecule and having predominantly hydrocarbon character.
- hydrocarbyl groups examples include:
- hydrocarbon substituents that is, aliphatic (e.g., alkyl or alkenyl), alicyclic (e.g., cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl) substituents, and aromatic-, aliphatic-, and alicyclic- substituted aromatic substituents, as well as cyclic substituents wherein the ring is completed through another portion of the molecule (e.g., two substituents together form a ring);
- aliphatic e.g., alkyl or alkenyl
- alicyclic e.g., cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl
- aromatic-, aliphatic-, and alicyclic- substituted aromatic substituents as well as cyclic substituents wherein the ring is completed through another portion of the molecule (e.g., two substituents together form a ring);
- substituted hydrocarbon substituents that is, substituents containing non- hydrocarbon groups which, in the context of this invention, do not alter the predominantly hydrocarbon nature of the substituent (e.g., halo (especially chloro and fluoro), hydroxy, alkoxy, mercapto, alkylmercapto, nitro, nitroso, and sulphoxy);
- hetero substituents that is, substituents which, while having a predominantly hydrocarbon character, in the context of this invention, contain other than carbon in a ring or chain otherwise composed of carbon atoms.
- Heteroatoms include sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen, and encompass substituents as pyridyl, furyl, thienyl and imidazolyl.
- substituents as pyridyl, furyl, thienyl and imidazolyl.
- no more than two, preferably no more than one, non-hydrocarbon substituent will be present for every ten carbon atoms in the hydrocarbyl group; typically, there will be no non- hydrocarbon substituents in the hydrocarbyl group.
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Abstract
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US201361863973P | 2013-08-09 | 2013-08-09 | |
PCT/US2014/049908 WO2015021129A1 (fr) | 2013-08-09 | 2014-08-06 | Dépôts de moteur réduits grâce à un agent de dispersion traité au cobalt |
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EP (1) | EP3030640A1 (fr) |
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- 2014-08-06 WO PCT/US2014/049908 patent/WO2015021129A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2014-08-06 CN CN201480054858.4A patent/CN105612246A/zh active Pending
- 2014-08-06 EP EP14753416.8A patent/EP3030640A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-08-06 US US14/910,398 patent/US20160186087A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-08-06 CA CA2920023A patent/CA2920023A1/fr not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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None * |
See also references of WO2015021129A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN105612246A (zh) | 2016-05-25 |
CA2920023A1 (fr) | 2015-02-12 |
US20160186087A1 (en) | 2016-06-30 |
WO2015021129A1 (fr) | 2015-02-12 |
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