EP3029410B1 - Vorrichtung zum abfeuern eines projektils mithilfe eines komprimierten fluids - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum abfeuern eines projektils mithilfe eines komprimierten fluids Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3029410B1
EP3029410B1 EP15195558.0A EP15195558A EP3029410B1 EP 3029410 B1 EP3029410 B1 EP 3029410B1 EP 15195558 A EP15195558 A EP 15195558A EP 3029410 B1 EP3029410 B1 EP 3029410B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
barrel
axis
compressed fluid
blade
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15195558.0A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3029410A1 (de
Inventor
Stéphane VÉZAIN
Carole BILLOT
Didier Stanek
Yannick BAUDASSÉ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thales SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3029410A1 publication Critical patent/EP3029410A1/de
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Publication of EP3029410B1 publication Critical patent/EP3029410B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41B—WEAPONS FOR PROJECTING MISSILES WITHOUT USE OF EXPLOSIVE OR COMBUSTIBLE PROPELLANT CHARGE; WEAPONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F41B11/00—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns
    • F41B11/60—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns characterised by the supply of compressed gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41B—WEAPONS FOR PROJECTING MISSILES WITHOUT USE OF EXPLOSIVE OR COMBUSTIBLE PROPELLANT CHARGE; WEAPONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F41B11/00—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns
    • F41B11/80—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns specially adapted for particular purposes
    • F41B11/83—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns specially adapted for particular purposes for launching harpoons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
    • F41G7/00—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles
    • F41G7/20—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles based on continuous observation of target position
    • F41G7/30—Command link guidance systems
    • F41G7/32—Command link guidance systems for wire-guided missiles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B15/00—Self-propelled projectiles or missiles, e.g. rockets; Guided missiles
    • F42B15/01—Arrangements thereon for guidance or control
    • F42B15/04—Arrangements thereon for guidance or control using wire, e.g. for guiding ground-to-ground rockets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for launching a projectile by compressed fluid as for example described in the document US2004 / 0173197 A .
  • the invention applies in particular in the spatial field.
  • the number of space debris, larger or smaller, is constantly increasing.
  • the increase in space debris increases the risk of collisions between satellites and / or with a space station.
  • Some debris is considered critical because of its size and / or its positioning on areas called risk areas, such as a useful orbit.
  • a useful orbit such as a useful orbit.
  • One example is a lost satellite, rocket stages, which can be positioned in a useful orbit.
  • the deorbitation of such debris becomes urgent to remove them from the useful orbit. This raises the question of how to remove these debris to clean up the space in an efficient and safe way. Indeed, it is necessary to provide equipment and reliable maneuvers to remove debris under penalty of generating unwanted collisions and thus more debris.
  • the link between the harpoon and the target object ie debris
  • the link between the harpoon and the target object can create disturbances to the harpoon trajectory during the unwinding of the cable.
  • the cable can also tangle when stored.
  • the invention aims to overcome all or part of the problems mentioned above by providing a device for launching a projectile by compressed fluid allowing the projectile to maintain its trajectory along its line of sight, the projectile being linked through a connecting device not generating disturbances on the trajectory of the projectile.
  • the end of the first blade is linked to the projectile by a connecting element, and the connecting element is a mechanical component allowing the projectile to rotate about the X axis.
  • the invention is described in the context of use in the spatial field. Nevertheless, it also finds application in the Earth's atmosphere, for example on a ship in order to recover debris in the water or floating on the surface of the water or on the land floor in order to tow an object.
  • the invention finds application in all cases where a first object is linked to a second object.
  • the figure 1 represents a sectional diagram in an XY plane of a first embodiment of a projectile launch device 11 and a gun 18, as well as a sectional view of a section of the projectile 11 in a YZ plane perpendicular to the XY plane.
  • the projectile 11 extends along an axis X between two ends 12, 13.
  • the projectile 11 is intended to be positioned in the barrel 18 of substantially cylindrical shape of axis X.
  • the projectile 11 comprises a hollow portion 14 at its center s opening on a first 12 of the two ends of the projectile 11, for receiving a compressed fluid.
  • the projectile 11 comprises a plurality of vents 15 passing through the projectile 11 from the hollow portion 14 substantially perpendicular to the axis X and with a substantially radial outlet intended to expel the compressed fluid substantially tangentially to the projectile 11.
  • the compressed fluid may be a compressed gas.
  • the compressed fluid enters the projectile 11 through the hollow portion 14 and extends tangentially to the section of the projectile 11 through the vents 15.
  • the output of the fluid compressed tangentially to the section of the projectile 11 through the vents 15 creates a torque on the projectile which turns it on itself. In other words, the projectile 11 is rotated on itself, around the axis X.
  • the compressed fluid Upon entering the projectile 11, the compressed fluid causes an increase in the pressure in the projectile. This increase in pressure generates a translation of the projectile along the axis X, which allows projection of the projectile 11. At the same time, the pressure of the fluid and the flow of the fluid in the vents generate a rotation of the projectile on it -even.
  • the hollow portion 14 and the vents 15 of the projectile 11 allow both a translational movement along the X axis and a rotational movement about the X axis of the projectile 11. cut in the YZ plane of the figure 1 the projectile 11 comprises 3 vents. For a good rotation of the projectile 11, it takes at least two vents, but it is also possible to have three or more.
  • the projectile 11 comprises a head 16 and a body 17.
  • the head 16 of the projectile 11 extends from a second 13 of the two ends of the projectile 11 to the plurality of vents 15.
  • the body 17 of the projectile 11 extends from the plurality of vents 15 to the first end 12 of the projectile 11.
  • the barrel 18 has two ends 19, 20, in which the projectile 11 is positioned, a first 19 of the two ends of the barrel 18 allowing the entry of the compressed fluid into the barrel 18, a second 20 of the two ends allowing the exit of the projectile 11.
  • the device 10 for rotating the projectile 11 comprises a reservoir 21 of compressed fluid connected to the first end 19 of the barrel 18 in which the projectile 11 is located, so as to feed the projectile 11 compressed fluid.
  • the Figures 2a and 2b represent a diagram, in section in the XY plane, of a second embodiment of a device 100 for launching the projectile 11.
  • the barrel 18 comprises a first 24 of two elements 23, 24 of helical connection.
  • the projectile 11 comprises a second 23 of two elements 23, 24 of helical connection fixed in the hollow portion 14 of the projectile 11, the first 24 and the second 23 helical connecting elements forming a mechanism 22 of combined movement, so as to generate simultaneously a rotation about the axis X and translation along the axis X of the projectile 11 relative to the barrel 18.
  • the mechanism 22 of combined movement may be a screw-nut assembly, or preferably an assembly with a ball screw or screw rollers for limiting the friction between the two connecting elements 23, 24.
  • the pressure of the compressed fluid pushes the projectile 11 outside the barrel 18.
  • the vents 15 with a substantially radial output make it possible to generate a rotational movement about the axis X of the projectile 11.
  • the projectile maintains its trajectory in its axis, trajectory along the axis X, it is desirable that it be well accelerated in rotation around its X axis so that it always stays in the same direction.
  • One of the two elements 23 or 24 is similar to a threaded rod and the other of the two elements 23 or 24 is similar to a nut.
  • the projectile 11 According to the number N of steps on which the nut is engaged on the threaded rod, the projectile 11 will perform the same number N of turns on itself, thus a movement of N rotations, as shown in FIG. figure 2a , before being released in translation and to be ejected, as shown on the figure 2b .
  • the linking mechanism 22 thus allows the projectile 11 to acquire greater angular acceleration around the X axis before accelerating in translation along the X axis.
  • the figure 3 represents a diagram, in section in the XY plane, of a third embodiment of a device 110 for launching the projectile 11 comprising the barrel 18.
  • the barrel 18 comprises a first substantially radial opening 25. This substantially radial opening 25 allows compressed fluid to exit the barrel 18 after it flows through the projectile 11.
  • the barrel 18 comprises a head 26 and a body 27, the head 26 of the barrel 18 extending from the second 20 of the two ends of the barrel 18 to the opening 25, the body 27 of the barrel 18 extending from the opening 25 of the barrel 18 to the first 19 of both ends of the barrel 18.
  • the diameter of the body 27 of the barrel 18 is smaller than the diameter of the head 26 of the barrel 18.
  • the diameter of the body 17 of the projectile 11 is smaller than the diameter of the head 16 of the projectile 11.
  • the diameter of the body 17 of the projectile 11 is smaller than the diameter of the body 27 of the barrel 18 and the diameter of the head 16 of the projectile 11 is smaller than the diameter of the head 26 of the barrel 18.
  • the diameter of the head 26 of the barrel 28 is substantially greater than the diameter of the head 16 of the projectile 11
  • the diameter of the body 27 of the barrel 18 is substantially greater than the diameter of the body 17 of the projectile 11.
  • This difference in diameters between the bodies and the heads respectively constitutes a guidance system of the projectile 11.
  • the bodies corresponding to a first diameter smaller than a second diameter corresponding to that of the heads during its ejection, the projectile 11 is simultaneously releases at the level of the body and the head. This configuration thus avoids any disturbance in the trajectory of the projectile 11 which could be generated by the vibrations at the gun.
  • the Figures 4a and 4b represent a diagram, in section in the XY plane, of a fourth embodiment of a device 120 for launching the projectile 11 comprising the barrel 18.
  • the barrel 18 comprises a discharge conduit 28 having two ends 29, 30.
  • the barrel 18 comprises a second opening 31 between the first opening 25 of the barrel 18 and the second 20 of the two ends of the barrel 18.
  • a first 29 of the two ends of the discharge duct 28 is connected to the first opening 25 of the barrel 18 and a second 30 of the two ends of the exhaust duct 28 is connected to the second opening 31 of the barrel 18.
  • the compressed fluid having a certain pressure and a certain flow rate must, after passing through the projectile 11, be evacuated from the barrel 18 As explained previously with the figure 3 the compressed fluid can simply be discharged through the radial opening 25 of the barrel 18. In this case, the compressed fluid is released to the outside (space, atmosphere, ie in the place of use of the spinning device of the projectile). It is also possible to use the evacuation of the compressed fluid to generate an aerodynamic effect on the projectile 11, as shown in FIGS. Figures 4a and 4b . On the figure 4a the projectile 11 is in a phase of angular acceleration.
  • the combined movement mechanism 22 promotes the rotational acceleration of the projectile 11 and the radial opening 25 is substantially opposite to at least one vent 15.
  • the compressed fluid exits the projectile 11 through the vent, generates a torque on the projectile 11 and rotates on itself.
  • the compressed fluid then enters the exhaust duct 28 through the first end 29 (i.e. through the radial opening 25) and exits the exhaust duct 28 through the second end 30 (ie ie the second opening 31).
  • the connecting elements 23, 24 of the mechanism 22 of combined movement being released from each other, that is to say the projectile 11 having acquired a sufficient angular acceleration, the projectile 11 moves towards the end 20 of the barrel 18.
  • the vents 15 are then in vis-à-vis the second end 30 of the discharge conduit 28.
  • the compressed fluid then enters the exhaust pipe 28 through the second end 30 and spring of the exhaust duct 28 through the radial opening 25 at the the first end 29 of the discharge duct 28.
  • the flow of the compressed fluid to the body 27 of the barrel 18 will generate an increase in pressure in the body 27 of the barrel 18 and thus generate an additional force on the projectile according to the invention.
  • X axis promoting acceleration in translation along the X axis of the projectile 11.
  • the figure 5 represents a diagram, in section in the XY plane, of a first embodiment of a linking device 130 comprising a first object 40, a second object 41.
  • the connecting device 130 comprises a first blade 42, able to pass a configuration wound around an axis Z around a support 43 fixed to the first object 40 to a configuration deployed along an axis X substantially perpendicular to the axis Z, the blade 42 having an end 44 intended to come into contact with the second object 41, so as to bind the first object 40 and the second object 41.
  • a blade is wound and unrolled easily, with a minimum size in rolled configuration, because wrapped around the Z axis and substantially in the XY plane, which prevents the blade from becoming entangled. Nevertheless, it is also possible to consider a cable or rope instead of the blade, the cable or the rope, just like the blade 42, being able to pass from a configuration wrapped around the Z axis around the fixed support 43 to the first object 40 to a deployed configuration along the X axis.
  • the Figures 6a and 6b represent a diagram, in section in the XY plane, of a second embodiment of the connecting device 130.
  • the connecting device 130 comprises a first 45 and a second 46 flanges positioned substantially parallel to the XY plane, on the one hand and on the other. another of the first blade 42, and a cover 47 positioned around the first blade 42.
  • the two flanges 45, 46 allow the blade 42 not to leave its winding when the blade 42 is unwound.
  • the cover 47 also prevents the blade 42 from unfolding too much. Indeed, it is sometimes necessary to have a certain length of blade 42 quickly available to come into contact with the second object 41 or tow.
  • the Figures 7a and 7b represent a diagram, in section in the XY plane, of a third embodiment of the connecting device.
  • the connecting device 130 comprises a guiding device 48 of the first blade 42.
  • the guiding device 48 may consist of two simple supports on either side of the blade 42 to guide it in its deployment.
  • the simple supports may be pebbles forming a point connection on the blade 42 or fingers forming a longitudinal connection over the width of the blade 42.
  • the connecting device 130 may comprise a cutting device 49 intended to cut the first blade 42. Such a cut may be necessary if it is no longer desired to come into contact with the second object or if it is no longer desired to tow it for reasons of safety or maneuverability.
  • the cutting device may be a pyro shear or any other type of adapted shears.
  • the figure 8 represents a diagram, in section in the XY plane, of a fourth embodiment of the connecting device 130.
  • the connecting device 130 may further comprise a motor 50 having an output shaft 51 along the Z axis connected to the support 43, for winding and deploying the first blade 42.
  • the figure 9 represents a diagram, in section in the XY plane, of a fifth embodiment of the connecting device 130.
  • the connecting device 130 may comprise at least a second blade 52 superimposed on the first blade 42, able to pass from a configuration wound around the Z axis around the support 43 fixed to the first object 40 to a deployed configuration along the X axis substantially perpendicular to the Z axis, the blade 52 having an end 54 intended to come into contact with a third object (not shown), so as to bind the first object 40 and the third object.
  • the blade 52 is superimposed on the blade 42.
  • a third blade 53 can be wound around the support 43 by being superimposed on the blades 42 and 52.
  • the connecting device 130 may comprise four or more blades superimposed between them and making it possible to link a fifth object, or more, to the first object 40.
  • the figure 10 represents a diagram, in section in the XY plane, of a fifth embodiment of a device 140 for launching a projectile by compressed fluid according to the invention comprising the barrel 18, a tank 21 of compressed fluid connected to the first 19 of the two ends of the barrel 18.
  • the launch device 140 comprises a connecting device 130 described above, the projectile 11 then being the second object 41.
  • the support 43 is fixed to the device 140.
  • the end 44 of the first blade 42 is connected to the second object, that is to the projectile 11 by a connecting element 55.
  • the connecting element 55 is a mechanical component allowing the rotation of the projectile 11 around the X axis. act of a ball bearing allowing rotation around the axis X of the projectile 11.
  • the support 43 is fixed in the barrel 18.
  • the support 43 is fixed near the first 19 of the two ends of the barrel 18
  • the d link device 130 is positioned in a rear portion of the barrel 18, which is the inlet of the compressed fluid.
  • the compressed fluid from the reservoir 21 occupies the rear portion of the barrel 18.
  • the compressed fluid then enters the barrel 18 at its end 19 and then enters the hollow portion 14 of the projectile 11 to emerge through the vents 15, so as to generate a rotational movement of the projectile 11 on itself and a translation of the projectile along the axis X.
  • the figures 11 a and 11b show a diagram, in section in the XY plane, of two embodiments of the connecting device 130.
  • the connecting device 130 is positioned in the gun 18.
  • the end 44 of the blade 42 is fixed to the projectile 11 by the connecting element 55 (not shown in these figures).
  • the first object 40 is the barrel 18, the second object 41 is the projectile 11.
  • the blade 42 while being attached to the projectile 11, will not disturb its trajectory once the projectile 11 will no longer be in the barrel 18.
  • the connection of the blade 42 to the projectile being in the barrel 18, no leakage of fluid, and therefore pressure, can take place.
  • the figure 12 represents a diagram, in section in the XY plane, of a second embodiment of the device 140 for launching a projectile 11 including a connecting device 130 according to the invention. All elements of the figure 12 are identical to the elements of the figure 11 b. This embodiment makes it possible to visualize the connecting element 55 of the end 44 of the blade 42 and of the projectile 11, as mentioned above with the figures 11 a and 11 b.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Claims (1)

  1. Abschussvorrichtung (140) mit komprimiertem Fluid, die Folgendes umfasst:
    • ein Projektil (11),
    • einen Lauf (18) mit zwei Enden (19, 20), wobei das Projektil (11) im Innern des Laufs (18) positioniert ist, wobei ein erstes (19) der beiden Enden (19, 20) den Eintritt des komprimierten Fluids in den Lauf (18) zulässt, wobei ein zweites (20) der beiden Enden (19, 20) den Austritt des Projektils (11) zulässt,
    • ein Reservoir (21) von komprimiertem Fluid, das mit dem ersten (19) der beiden Enden (19, 20) des Laufs (18) verbunden ist,
    wobei die Abschussvorrichtung (140) Folgendes umfasst:
    eine Verbindungsvorrichtung (130), die ein erstes Blatt (42) umfasst, das von einer um eine Z-Achse um einen Träger (43) gewickelten Konfiguration in eine entlang einer X-Achse, die im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Z-Achse ist, entfaltete Konfiguration passieren kann, wobei das Blatt (42) ein Ende (44) hat, das an dem Projektil (11) befestigt ist, wobei der Träger (43) im Lauf (18) befestigt ist, wobei das Ende (44) des ersten Blatts (42) mit dem Projektil (11) durch ein Verbindungselement (55) verbunden ist und wobei das Verbindungselement (55) eine mechanische Komponente ist, die die Rotation des Projektils (11) um die X-Achse zulässt.
EP15195558.0A 2014-12-05 2015-11-20 Vorrichtung zum abfeuern eines projektils mithilfe eines komprimierten fluids Active EP3029410B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1402779A FR3029615B1 (fr) 2014-12-05 2014-12-05 Dispositif de lancement d'un projectile par fluide comprime

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3029410A1 EP3029410A1 (de) 2016-06-08
EP3029410B1 true EP3029410B1 (de) 2017-06-07

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EP15195558.0A Active EP3029410B1 (de) 2014-12-05 2015-11-20 Vorrichtung zum abfeuern eines projektils mithilfe eines komprimierten fluids

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US9546842B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3029410B1 (de)
JP (1) JP6866063B2 (de)
CN (1) CN105674799B (de)
CA (1) CA2913072C (de)
ES (1) ES2639376T3 (de)
FR (1) FR3029615B1 (de)

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FR3058393A1 (fr) 2016-11-10 2018-05-11 Airbus Defence And Space Sas Engin spatial comprenant des moyens de controle actif d’attitude et des moyens de controle passif d’attitude
JP2018114932A (ja) * 2017-01-20 2018-07-26 株式会社Ihi スペースデブリ捕獲装置及びスペースデブリ除去装置
DE102017106976A1 (de) * 2017-03-31 2018-10-04 Mobilshop GmbH Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum pneumatischen oder gasförmigen Katapultieren von losen Gegenständen sowie Herstellungsverfahren dafür
CN108190053B (zh) * 2018-02-09 2024-05-24 哈工大鞍山工业技术研究院有限公司 一种三角形桁架挠性附件模拟器及其设计方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3029410A1 (de) 2016-06-08
FR3029615B1 (fr) 2018-01-05
JP6866063B2 (ja) 2021-04-28
FR3029615A1 (fr) 2016-06-10
ES2639376T3 (es) 2017-10-26
CA2913072C (en) 2022-09-20
JP2016109417A (ja) 2016-06-20
US20160161211A1 (en) 2016-06-09
CN105674799A (zh) 2016-06-15
US9546842B2 (en) 2017-01-17
CN105674799B (zh) 2020-03-27
CA2913072A1 (en) 2016-06-05

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