EP3028983B1 - Winch, in particular free fall winch with a service and holding brake - Google Patents

Winch, in particular free fall winch with a service and holding brake Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3028983B1
EP3028983B1 EP14196525.1A EP14196525A EP3028983B1 EP 3028983 B1 EP3028983 B1 EP 3028983B1 EP 14196525 A EP14196525 A EP 14196525A EP 3028983 B1 EP3028983 B1 EP 3028983B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
brake
winch
brake body
driven
braking torque
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14196525.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3028983A1 (en
Inventor
Roland Hartmann
Albert Pfeiffer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zollern & Co KG GmbH
Original Assignee
Zollern & Co KG GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zollern & Co KG GmbH filed Critical Zollern & Co KG GmbH
Priority to EP14196525.1A priority Critical patent/EP3028983B1/en
Priority to US14/958,296 priority patent/US10087056B2/en
Priority to CN201510881365.4A priority patent/CN105668451B/en
Publication of EP3028983A1 publication Critical patent/EP3028983A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3028983B1 publication Critical patent/EP3028983B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66DCAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D5/00Braking or detent devices characterised by application to lifting or hoisting gear, e.g. for controlling the lowering of loads
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66DCAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/02Driving gear
    • B66D1/14Power transmissions between power sources and drums or barrels
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66DCAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/02Driving gear
    • B66D1/12Driving gear incorporating electric motors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66DCAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/02Driving gear
    • B66D1/14Power transmissions between power sources and drums or barrels
    • B66D1/22Planetary or differential gearings, i.e. with planet gears having movable axes of rotation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66DCAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D5/00Braking or detent devices characterised by application to lifting or hoisting gear, e.g. for controlling the lowering of loads
    • B66D5/02Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes
    • B66D5/023Cooling of brakes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66DCAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D5/00Braking or detent devices characterised by application to lifting or hoisting gear, e.g. for controlling the lowering of loads
    • B66D5/02Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes
    • B66D5/12Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes with axial effect
    • B66D5/14Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes with axial effect embodying discs
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66DCAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D2700/00Capstans, winches or hoists
    • B66D2700/07Brakes with axial thrust for winches, hoists or similar devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a winch, in particular a free-fall winch with a braking device, which has a first brake for the service brake function and in particular for the holding brake function and a second brake for the holding brake function.
  • the winch may be, for example, an engine-powered winch, in particular a free-fall winch or a lifeboat winch.
  • a generic freefall winch which has a motor driven by a gear winch drum.
  • the transmission has a transmission shaft and a multi-disc brake, the first fins and second fins comprises, wherein the second fins are rotationally connected to the transmission shaft.
  • the second fins are rotationally connected to the housing.
  • the rotation of the winch drum can be braked by pressing the first and second louvers against each other.
  • the rotating winch drum can be braked or the winch drum are held against rotation relative to the housing.
  • the proposed service brake thus also serves as a holding brake.
  • the brake pads used for service brakes are usually selected to provide comfortable braking.
  • the service brake is dimensioned to only perform its proper service brake function, there is a risk, if the service brake is used as a holding brake, that creep occurs between the first and second louvers, ie, that a slow rotation between the first and second louvers second lamellae takes place.
  • the service brakes proposed in the prior art are oversized so far that creep is prevented. Due to the over-dimensioning of the brake, it requires a correspondingly larger space, whereby the compactness of the winds suffers.
  • the US 3,572,482 A describes a mechanical brake system having a disc brake comprising a plurality of brake discs, wherein a part of the Brake plate rotationally fixed to a housing and the other part of the brake disc is rotationally connected to a drive shaft. By pressing the brake disks against each other, a braking torque is generated.
  • the system also includes an input clutch which is closed by twisting a nut and can apply the brake.
  • the coupling is designed as a multi-plate clutch.
  • the winch comprises a frame, which may also be referred to as a winch frame or housing, and a winch drum rotatably mounted relative to the frame.
  • the winch drum is rotatably supported by the frame.
  • a rope in particular a steel cable, a chain or a belt can be wound or become.
  • a free-fall winch for a rope may optionally be a free-fall winch.
  • the winch comprises a gear, such as a single or multi-stage planetary gear, via which the winch drum is rotatable by means of a drive motor attachable or attached to the winch.
  • the drive shaft of the drive motor may be coupled via the transmission with the winch drum.
  • the transmission has a transmission shaft coupled to the winch drum such that rotation of the winch drum relative to the frame may cause rotation of the transmission shaft relative to the frame, particularly at a different speed from the speed of the winch drum.
  • the winch has a first brake, which preferably serves as a service brake on.
  • the first brake may be, for example, a multi-disc brake.
  • the first brake has at least one first brake body and at least one second brake body, which is rotatably connected to the transmission shaft on.
  • a plurality of first fins the first brake body and a plurality of second fins the at least one second brake body form.
  • the at least one first brake body and the at least one second brake body can be pressed against each other to achieve a friction-based braking effect, in particular by means of a pressure piece of the first brake.
  • the at least one first brake body may, for example, be connected to the frame in a rotationally fixed or permanently non-rotatable manner, in particular directly or indirectly, ie via further components.
  • the at least one second brake body can be directly or indirectly, ie via other components, rotatably connected to the transmission shaft, in particular permanently non-rotatably connected.
  • the at least one second brake body may rotate relative to the at least one first brake body and / or relative to the frame.
  • the winch has a second brake, which has at least one third brake body and at least one fourth brake body, which is non-rotatably connected to the transmission shaft and / or the at least one second brake body.
  • the second brake can serve in particular together with the first brake as a holding brake and / or be a multi-disc brake.
  • a plurality of third disks may form the at least one third brake body, wherein a plurality of fourth disks may form the at least one fourth brake body.
  • the at least one fourth brake body can be directly or indirectly permanently connected to the transmission shaft in particular.
  • the at least one fourth brake body is connected indirectly, in particular via the transmission shaft with the at least one second brake body.
  • the at least one third brake body is in particular permanently rotationally connected directly or indirectly to the frame and / or the first brake body.
  • the at least one third brake body and the at least one fourth brake body can be pressed against each other to achieve a friction-based braking effect, in particular by means of a pressure piece of the second brake.
  • the at least one fourth brake body can rotate relative to the at least one third brake body and / or to the frame.
  • both brakes can be made small, since the first brake does not need to be oversized and the second brake only needs to be designed so that it prevents the creep of the first brake when the first Brake and the second brake for the holding brake function are closed.
  • the first brake may be designed so that its maximum braking torque is less than the braking torque required for a holding brake function - based on the maximum permissible load torque -
  • the second brake can be designed so that their maximum braking torque is less than that for the holding brake function required braking torque - based on the maximum permissible load torque is, wherein the sum of the maximum braking torque of the first brake and the maximum braking torque of the second brake is greater than or equal to the braking torque required for the holding brake function - based on the maximum load torque - is.
  • the first brake needs to be used to decelerate (service brake function) of the winch, with the first and second brakes being used to lock the winch relative to the frame, in particular to be closed in order to fulfill the braking torque required for the holding brake function.
  • the second brake is considered to be too weak for a holding brake function, so that it can fulfill the holding brake function only in conjunction with the first brake.
  • the winch drum rotating relative to the frame and / or the gear shaft is braked by means of the first brake, in particular only the first brake, the second brake being open.
  • the winch drum and / or the transmission shaft can be secured against rotation relative to the frame, that is, be established or that the first brake and the second brake are closed or are.
  • the second brake may be opened and the first brake at least partially opened to allow the winch drum and gear shaft to move relative to free fall operation to rotate to the frame, wherein at the end of the free-fall operation, the winch drum or the transmission shaft is braked by the first brake until or almost to a stop and the second brake is closed to determine the winch drum and / or the transmission shaft relative to the frame.
  • the friction pairing in particular material pairing between the at least one first brake body and the at least one second brake body may differ from the friction pairing, in particular material pairing between the at least one third brake body and the at least one fourth brake body.
  • a friction or material pairing can be selected, which is usually selected for a service brake, wherein for the second brake a friction or material pairing can be selected, which is usually used for a holding brake.
  • ⁇ static ⁇ ⁇ dynamic where ⁇ statically denotes the static friction coefficient (static friction coefficient) and ⁇ dynamic the dynamic friction coefficient (sliding friction coefficient).
  • ⁇ static > ⁇ dynamic where ⁇ statically denote the static friction coefficient (static friction coefficient) and ⁇ dynamically the dynamic friction coefficient (sliding friction coefficient).
  • the at least one first brake body in particular the first lamellae, may have a first brake pad made of an organic material or the at least one second brake body, in particular the second lamellae, may have a second brake pad made of an organic material.
  • first brake body and the second brake body a friction pair of metal (such as steel) / organic material (such as paper) is preferred.
  • first brake body in particular the first lamellae
  • second brake body in particular the second lamellae
  • a brake pad of an organic material such as e.g. a paper covering
  • a metallic material in particular steel
  • the at least one first brake body in particular the first lamellae, may comprise a first brake pad of an organic material and the at least one second brake body may comprise a metallic material, in particular steel, which forms the friction surface for the organic material.
  • the at least one second brake body, in particular the second lamellae, a second brake pad made of an organic material and the at least one first brake body, a metallic material, in particular steel, which forms the friction surface for the organic material have.
  • the at least one third brake body in particular the third lamellae, may have a third brake pad made of a sintered material or the at least one fourth brake body, in particular the fourth lamellae, may have a fourth brake pad made of a sintered material.
  • a friction pair of metal such as steel
  • sintered material such as sintered metal, in particular sintered bronze
  • One of third brake body, in particular the third lamellae, and fourth brake body, in particular the fourth lamellae, a brake pad of a sintered material, such as sintered bronze, having, on the other third brake body and fourth brake body, a metallic material, in particular steel Friction surface for the brake pad made of sintered material forms.
  • the friction pair metal / sintered material is formed.
  • the at least one third brake body in particular the third lamellae, may comprise a third brake pad of a sintered material and the at least one fourth brake body may comprise a metallic material, in particular steel, which forms the friction surface for the sintered material.
  • the at least one fourth Brake body, in particular the fourth fins, a fourth brake pad made of a sintered material and the at least one third brake body, a metallic material, in particular steel have, which forms the friction surface for the sintered material.
  • the at least one first brake body and the at least one second brake body can be arranged in an oil bath. This improves the heat dissipation from the mutually rubbing at least one first and second brake bodies and reduces the wear of the at least one first and second brake body.
  • the at least one third and fourth brake bodies may also be arranged in an oil bath or alternatively run dry, i. H. not be placed in an oil bath. Since the second brake serves only as a holding brake, no major heat development between the at least one third and fourth brake bodies is to be expected.
  • the force with which the at least one first and second brake bodies are pressed against one another can be varied, in particular in several, for example at least three stages or continuously, in particular when the second brake is open.
  • the first brake can be activated independently of the second brake when the second brake is open.
  • the second brake is closed, it can be provided in particular by a controller that the first brake is also closed.
  • the second brake is opened, the at least one first brake body and second brake body can be pressed against each other independently of the at least one third and fourth brake body, d. H. in several, such as at least two, at least three or more stages or continuously, whereby the braking torque of the second brake, in particular the service brake is adjustable.
  • the first brake may comprise at least one preloaded spring, as for example comprise a plurality of prestressed springs, wherein the at least one preloaded spring presses against each other via a pressure piece, the at least one first and second brake body for braking.
  • the maximum braking torque of the brake is determined by the at least one preloaded spring, which the brake body presses against each other.
  • the pressure piece can be moved to release the first brake or to reduce the braking torque against the force of the prestressed springs electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically.
  • the means for moving the pressure piece against the force of the prestressed spring fails, that the at least one prestressed spring presses against the pressure member, the first and second brake body to generate the maximum braking torque against each other.
  • a safety device is provided, which ensures that the first brake brakes in case of failure of the means for moving.
  • the second brake has at least one prestressed spring which presses against each other via a pressure piece, the at least one third and fourth brake body for braking.
  • the pressure piece for releasing the second brake or to reduce the braking torque against the force of the prestressed springs can be electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically movable.
  • the respective pressure piece of the first and / or second brake may for example form a displaceable wall of a pressure chamber which is pneumatically or hydraulically printable to move the pressure piece against the force of the at least one spring, d. h., To move the pressure piece so that the at least one spring is tensioned. When venting the pressure chamber, the spring can move the pressure piece and press against the brake body.
  • the winch may comprise a second transmission shaft rotatably connected or connected to the drive shaft of the engine or the drive shaft of the engine.
  • the second transmission shaft may be aligned with the aforementioned transmission shaft, which may be referred to as the first transmission shaft for better distinctness.
  • the second transmission shaft can be detected relative to the frame by means of a further brake, for example a holding brake designed in particular as a multi-disc brake, in particular during free fall operation, and released for rotation relative to the frame, in particular during the motorized lifting or lowering operation.
  • the further brake is preferably closed when the first brake is at least partially open and the second brake is open (free fall operation).
  • the further brake is preferably open when the first and second brakes are closed (motorized lifting or Lowering mode).
  • the additional brake and the first and second brakes can optionally be closed (holding function or emergency stop).
  • the free-fall winch 1 has a winch drum 2, over the circumference of which a rope can be wound or wound up (not shown).
  • a winch drum 2 Within the winch drum 2 is a multi-stage, in this example two-stage planetary gear 10, in particular arranged in a housing pot 8, which in turn is located in the winch drum 2, with which it is connected torsionally rigid.
  • the winch drum 2 is rotatably mounted in the frame 3, which may also be referred to as a housing stored.
  • a drive motor 15 drives a sun gear 43 of a drive planetary stage 42 via its drive shaft 16 and a second transmission shaft 17. The rotational movement of the sun gear 43 is transmitted via a ring gear 42 of the drive planetary gear 42 to the sun gear 23 of an output planetary gear stage 22.
  • the sun gear 23 is for this purpose connected to the ring gear 42 via a hollow shaft 21, within which, for example, the second transmission shaft 17 is arranged.
  • the rotational movement of the sun gear 23 is transmitted via the planet gears 26 to the ring gear 28 of the output planetary gear stage 22, wherein the ring gear 28 is rigidly connected to the housing pot 8 and / or generally with the winch drum 2.
  • a further planetary stage may be arranged between the drive planetary stage 42 and the output planetary stage 22, which further reduces the rotational speed from the motor 15 to the winch drum 2.
  • the planet gears 26 of the Output planetary stage 22 take in response to their support against the frame 3, the reaction forces of the winch drum.
  • the planet carrier 44 of the drive planetary stage 42 is rotatably connected in particular with a first gear shaft 12, wherein the gear shaft 12 is rotatably supported relative to the housing pot 8 of the planetary gear 10 and the frame 3 of the free fall winch 1.
  • a fixedly connected to the winch frame 3 first brake 100 and a fixed to the winch frame 3 second brake 200 is arranged.
  • the first brake 100 serves as a service brake for the deceleration of the load in free fall operation.
  • the second brake 200 in conjunction with the first brake 100, serves as a holding brake for securely detecting the winch drum 2 with respect to the frame 3.
  • a second drive motor (not shown) may be attached to the transmission shaft 12, which drives the planetary carrier 44 of the drive planetary stage 42 via the transmission shaft 12.
  • the drive planetary stage 42 transmits now by means of its ring gear 48, the transmitting rotational movements of both drive motors on the sun gear 23 of the output planetary gear stage 22.
  • the planetary carrier 44 may be non-rotatably connected to the sun gear 23 via the hollow shaft 21.
  • the ring gear 48 of the drive planetary stage 42 can then be rotatably connected to the transmission shaft 12.
  • the hollow shaft 48 of the drive planetary stage 42 is in this alternative, the non-abolable web (free member), which can be braked by the free-fall brake 100, 200 relative to the winch frame 3.
  • the rotatably connected to the sun gear 43 gear shaft 17 has a holding brake 6, which is attached on the one hand to the transmission shaft 17 and on the other hand to the winch frame, so that the transmission shaft 17 with respect to the winch frame 3 can be determined, especially during free fall operation. That is, that during the lifting and lowering operation by means of the motor 15, the brake 6 is opened, wherein the first and second brakes 100, 200 are closed, so that the winch drum 2 by means of the motor 15 with respect to the winch frame 3 stroke - And / or lowering movements can perform. For the free-fall operation, the holding brake 6 is closed, wherein the second brake 200 is opened and the first brake 100 is also at least partially opened, so that the winch drum 2 with respect to sets frame 3 in motion. The rotational speed of the winch drum 2 can be regulated by means of the braking torque of the first brake 100.
  • the sun gear 23 of the output planetary stage 22 can be driven by the planet carrier 44 of the drive planetary stage 42 (in FIG FIG. 2 not shown), wherein the transmission shaft 12 is driven by the ring gear 48 of the drive planetary stage 42.
  • the sun gear 23 of the output planetary gear 22 is driven by the ring gear 48 of the drive planetary gear 22, wherein the gear shaft 12 of the planet carrier 44 of the drive planetary stage 42 can be driven.
  • the first brake 100 is a multi-disc brake
  • the second brake 200 is also a multi-disc brake.
  • the first brake 100 on a plurality of first blades 110 which rotatably with a housing 80 of the assembly from FIG. 1 are connected.
  • the module is off FIG. 1 can be connected via its housing 80, in particular via the flanges 84 fixed to the winch frame 3, so that the housing 80 can be considered part of the winch frame 3.
  • the housing 80 has a first housing pot 81, a second housing pot 82 and a lid 83 and an inner piece 152 and an inner piece 252.
  • the first brake 100 has a plate carrier 121, which is non-rotatably connected to the transmission shaft 12.
  • the first brake 100 has a plurality of second fins 120 which are non-rotatably connected to the plate carrier 121 or rotatably connected via the plate carrier 121 with the transmission shaft 12.
  • a second slat 120 is arranged in each case, wherein a first slat 110 is arranged in each case between two second slats 120.
  • the first and second blades 110, 120 can be pressed against each other via a first pressure piece 140 of the brake 100, whereby the friction between the Slats 110, 120 and thus the braking torque of the first brake 100 can be generated or increased.
  • the pressure piece 140 is pressed by means of prestressed springs 130 against the slats 110, 120.
  • the springs 130 thus generate the contact force required for the braking torque on the lamellae 110, 120.
  • the at least one spring 130 is supported at one end on the pressure piece 140 and at the other end on the housing 80, in particular on the second housing pot 82.
  • the at least one spring 130 is a helical spring, which acts as a compression spring.
  • the inner piece 152 and the pressure piece 140 form the walls of a first pressure chamber 150, which is printable via a channel 151 with a fluid, in particular compressed air or hydraulic oil.
  • the housing 80, in particular the second housing pot 82 has on its outer side a connection for connecting a supply line for the channel 151.
  • the pressure piece 140 By supplying fluid into the chamber 150, the pressure piece 140 can be displaced so that on the one hand the tensioned at least one spring 130 and the blades 110, 120 are relieved of the contact pressure of the pressure piece 140, so that braking torque of the brake 100 decreases.
  • the at least one spring 130 By discharging fluid from the pressure chamber 150, in particular by reducing the pressure in the pressure chamber 150, the at least one spring 130 can push the pressure piece 140 to increase the contact force against the blades 110, 120, whereby the braking torque of the brake 100 increases.
  • the braking torque of the brake 100 can be set almost arbitrarily, ie continuously.
  • the inner piece 152 simultaneously forms the bearing seat for a rolling bearing, which rotatably supports the gear shaft 12 on the housing 80, wherein the rolling bearing is supported with its outer periphery on the inner piece 152 and the gear shaft 12 is supported with its outer periphery on an inner periphery of the bearing.
  • a second brake 200 which acts as a holding brake, wherein the second brake 200 has a plurality of third fins 210 which are non-rotatably connected to the housing 80, in particular the second housing pot 82.
  • the second brake 200 has a plurality of fourth fins 220, which are non-rotatably connected to a plate carrier 221 or via the plate carrier 221 rotatably connected to the transmission shaft 12.
  • the plate carrier 221 is rotatably connected to the transmission shaft 12.
  • the second brake 200 has a second pressure piece 240, which presses by means of a plurality of springs 230 or generally at least one spring 230 of the second brake 200 with a contact force against the slats 210, 220.
  • the pressure piece 240 is pressed with a contact force against the slats 210, 220, so that the required braking torque is generated.
  • the pressure piece 240 is displaced against the force of at least one spring 230 so that the at least one spring 230 is tensioned by the pressure piece 240 and the lamellae 210, 220 are relieved of the contact pressure.
  • the lid 251 fixed to the inner piece 252 and the second pressure piece 240 form the walls of a second pressure chamber 250, which is supplied via a fluid passage 251 fluid.
  • the channel 251 opens on the outside of the housing 80, in particular of the lid 83, namely into a connection, to which a fluid line can be closed.
  • the at least one spring 230 is supported at one end on the second pressure piece 240 and at the other end on the housing 80, in particular on the housing cover 83.
  • the at least one spring 230 is acting as a compression spring coil spring.
  • the material pairing between the first and second blades 110, 120 differs from the material pairing between the third and fourth blades 210, 220.
  • the material combination of the first and second blades 110, 120 ⁇ static ⁇ ⁇ dynamic .
  • the first brake 100 is designed so that its maximum braking torque is less than the braking torque required for a holding brake function.
  • the braking torque required for the holding brake function refers to the maximum permissible load torque, which depends on the maximum permissible load on the cable.
  • the second brake 200 is designed so that their maximum braking torque is less than the braking torque required for a holding brake function.
  • none of the brakes 100, 200 is sufficiently dimensioned per se, that the maximum braking torque is achieved.
  • the sum of the maximum braking torque of the first brake 100 and the maximum braking torque of the second brake 200 is greater than or equal to the required braking torque for the holding brake function.
  • the first and second brakes 100, 200 can be made compact in themselves.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Winde, insbesondere eine Freifallwinde mit einer Bremseinrichtung, die eine erste Bremse für die Betriebsbremsfunktion und insbesondere für die Haltebremsfunktion und eine zweite Bremse für die Haltebremsfunktion aufweist.The invention relates to a winch, in particular a free-fall winch with a braking device, which has a first brake for the service brake function and in particular for the holding brake function and a second brake for the holding brake function.

Die Winde kann zum Beispiel eine motorbetreibbare Winde, insbesondere eine Freifallwinde oder eine Rettungsbootwinde sein.The winch may be, for example, an engine-powered winch, in particular a free-fall winch or a lifeboat winch.

Aus der DE 41 34 722 A1 ist eine gattungsgemäße Freifallwinde bekannt, die eine über ein Getriebe motorisch antreibbare Windentrommel aufweist. Das Getriebe weist eine Getriebewelle und eine Lamellenbremse auf, die erste Lamellen und zweite Lamellen umfasst, wobei die zweiten Lamellen verdrehfest mit der Getriebewelle verbunden sind. Die zweiten Lamellen sind verdrehfest mit dem Gehäuse verbunden. Im Freifallbetrieb kann durch das Gegeneinanderdrücken der ersten und zweiten Lamellen die Drehung der Windentrommel abgebremst werden. Mit der Bremse kann die sich drehende Windentrommel abgebremst werden bzw. die Windentrommel relativ zu dem Gehäuse drehfest gehalten werden. Die vorgeschlagene Betriebsbremse dient somit auch als Haltebremse. Die für Betriebsbremsen verwendeten Bremsbeläge sind normalerweise so gewählt, dass eine komfortable Bremsung erzielt wird. Wenn die Betriebsbremse so dimensioniert wird, dass sie nur ihre ordnungsgemäße Betriebsbremsfunktion erfüllt, besteht die Gefahr, wenn die Betriebsbremse als Haltebremse benutzt wird, dass zwischen den ersten und zweiten Lamellen ein Kriechen stattfindet, d. h., dass eine wenngleich auch langsame Verdrehung zwischen den ersten und zweiten Lamellen stattfindet. Um dies zu verhindern, sind die im Stand der Technik vorgeschlagenen Betriebsbremsen soweit überdimensioniert, dass ein Kriechen verhindert wird. Durch die Überdimensionierung der Bremse benötigt sie einen entsprechend größeren Bauraum, wodurch die Kompaktheit der Winde leidet.From the DE 41 34 722 A1 a generic freefall winch is known, which has a motor driven by a gear winch drum. The transmission has a transmission shaft and a multi-disc brake, the first fins and second fins comprises, wherein the second fins are rotationally connected to the transmission shaft. The second fins are rotationally connected to the housing. In free-fall operation, the rotation of the winch drum can be braked by pressing the first and second louvers against each other. With the brake, the rotating winch drum can be braked or the winch drum are held against rotation relative to the housing. The proposed service brake thus also serves as a holding brake. The brake pads used for service brakes are usually selected to provide comfortable braking. If the service brake is dimensioned to only perform its proper service brake function, there is a risk, if the service brake is used as a holding brake, that creep occurs between the first and second louvers, ie, that a slow rotation between the first and second louvers second lamellae takes place. To prevent this, the service brakes proposed in the prior art are oversized so far that creep is prevented. Due to the over-dimensioning of the brake, it requires a correspondingly larger space, whereby the compactness of the winds suffers.

Die US 3,572,482 A beschreibt ein mechanisches Bremssystem, welches eine Scheibenbremse aufweist, die mehrere Bremslamellen umfasst, wobei ein Teil der Bremslamellen verdrehfest mit einem Gehäuse und der andere Teil der Bremslamellen verdrehfest mit einer Antriebswelle verbunden ist. Durch Gegeneinanderdrücken der Bremslamellen wird ein Bremsmoment erzeugt. Das System umfasst außerdem eine Eingangskupplung, die durch Verdrehung einer Mutter geschlossen wird und die Bremse betätigen kann. Die Kupplung ist als Lamellenkupplung ausgebildet.The US 3,572,482 A describes a mechanical brake system having a disc brake comprising a plurality of brake discs, wherein a part of the Brake plate rotationally fixed to a housing and the other part of the brake disc is rotationally connected to a drive shaft. By pressing the brake disks against each other, a braking torque is generated. The system also includes an input clutch which is closed by twisting a nut and can apply the brake. The coupling is designed as a multi-plate clutch.

Es ist eine Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Winde, insbesondere eine Freifallwinde bereitzustellen, die eine kompakte Bauweise erlaubt.It is an object of the invention to provide a winch, in particular a free-fall winch, which allows a compact design.

Die Aufgabe wird mit der Winde, insbesondere der Freifallwinde nach Anspruch 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterentwicklungen ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen, der Beschreibung und den Figuren.The object is achieved with the winch, in particular the free-fall winch according to claim 1. Advantageous developments emerge from the dependent claims, the description and the figures.

Die Winde umfasst einen Rahmen, welcher auch als Windengestell oder Gehäuse bezeichnet oder ausgebildet werden kann, und eine relativ zu dem Rahmen drehbar gelagerte Windentrommel. Vorzugsweise wird die Windentrommel von dem Rahmen drehbar gelagert. Über den Umfang der Windentrommel kann ein Seil, insbesondere ein Stahlseil, eine Kette oder ein Band aufgewickelt sein oder werden. Eine Freifallwinde für ein Seil kann optional eine Freifallseilwinde sein.The winch comprises a frame, which may also be referred to as a winch frame or housing, and a winch drum rotatably mounted relative to the frame. Preferably, the winch drum is rotatably supported by the frame. Over the circumference of the winch drum, a rope, in particular a steel cable, a chain or a belt can be wound or become. A free-fall winch for a rope may optionally be a free-fall winch.

Die Winde umfasst ein Getriebe, wie zum Beispiel ein ein- oder mehrstufiges Planetengetriebe, über welches die Windentrommel mittels eines an der Winde anbringbaren oder angebrachten Antriebsmotors drehbar ist. Die Antriebswelle des Antriebsmotors kann über das Getriebe mit der Windentrommel gekoppelt sein. Das Getriebe weist eine Getriebewelle auf, die mit der Windentrommel so gekoppelt ist, dass eine Drehung der Windentrommel relativ zu dem Rahmen eine Drehung der Getriebewelle relativ zu dem Rahmen, insbesondere mit einer von der Drehzahl der Windentrommel verschiedenen Drehzahl bewirken kann.The winch comprises a gear, such as a single or multi-stage planetary gear, via which the winch drum is rotatable by means of a drive motor attachable or attached to the winch. The drive shaft of the drive motor may be coupled via the transmission with the winch drum. The transmission has a transmission shaft coupled to the winch drum such that rotation of the winch drum relative to the frame may cause rotation of the transmission shaft relative to the frame, particularly at a different speed from the speed of the winch drum.

Die Winde weist eine erste Bremse, die vorzugsweise als Betriebsbremse dient, auf. Die erste Bremse kann zum Beispiel eine Lamellenbremse sein. Die erste Bremse weist mindestens einen ersten Bremskörper und mindestens einen zweiten Bremskörper, der mit der Getriebewelle drehfest verbunden ist, auf. Zum Beispiel können mehrere erste Lamellen den ersten Bremskörper und mehrere zweite Lamellen den mindestens einen zweiten Bremskörper bilden. Der mindestens eine erste Bremskörper und der mindestens eine zweite Bremskörper sind zur Erzielung einer auf Reibschluss basierenden Bremswirkung gegeneinander drückbar, insbesondere mittels eines Druckstücks der ersten Bremse. Der mindestens eine erste Bremskörper kann zum Beispiel drehfest oder permanent drehfest mit dem Rahmen verbunden sein, insbesondere unmittelbar oder mittelbar, d. h. über weitere Bauteile. Der mindestens eine zweite Bremskörper kann unmittelbar oder mittelbar, d. h. über weitere Bauteile, mit der Getriebewelle drehfest, insbesondere permanent drehfest verbunden sein. Wenn die Getriebewelle gedreht wird, insbesondere relativ zu dem Rahmen gedreht wird, kann sich der mindestens eine zweite Bremskörper relativ zu dem mindestens einen ersten Bremskörper und/oder relativ zu dem Rahmen drehen.The winch has a first brake, which preferably serves as a service brake on. The first brake may be, for example, a multi-disc brake. The first brake has at least one first brake body and at least one second brake body, which is rotatably connected to the transmission shaft on. For example, a plurality of first fins the first brake body and a plurality of second fins the at least one second brake body form. The at least one first brake body and the at least one second brake body can be pressed against each other to achieve a friction-based braking effect, in particular by means of a pressure piece of the first brake. The at least one first brake body may, for example, be connected to the frame in a rotationally fixed or permanently non-rotatable manner, in particular directly or indirectly, ie via further components. The at least one second brake body can be directly or indirectly, ie via other components, rotatably connected to the transmission shaft, in particular permanently non-rotatably connected. When the transmission shaft is rotated, in particular rotated relative to the frame, the at least one second brake body may rotate relative to the at least one first brake body and / or relative to the frame.

Erfindungsgemäß weist die Winde eine zweite Bremse auf, die mindestens einen dritten Bremskörper und mindestens einen vierten Bremskörper, der drehfest mit der Getriebewelle und/oder dem mindestens einen zweiten Bremskörper verbunden ist, aufweist. Die zweite Bremse kann insbesondere zusammen mit der ersten Bremse als Haltebremse dienen und/oder eine Lamellenbremse sein. Mehrere dritte Lamellen können den mindestens einen dritten Bremskörper bilden, wobei mehrere vierte Lamellen den mindestens einen vierten Bremskörper bilden können. Der mindestens eine vierte Bremskörper kann unmittelbar oder mittelbar mit der Getriebewelle insbesondere permanent verbunden sein. Vorzugsweise ist der mindestens eine vierte Bremskörper mittelbar, insbesondere über die Getriebewelle mit dem mindestens einen zweiten Bremskörper verbunden. Der mindestens eine dritte Bremskörper ist insbesondere permanent verdrehfest mit dem Rahmen und/oder dem ersten Bremskörper mittelbar oder unmittelbar verbunden. Der mindestens eine dritte Bremskörper und der mindestens eine vierte Bremskörper sind zur Erzielung einer auf Reibschluss basierenden Bremswirkung gegeneinander drückbar, insbesondere mittels eines Druckstücks der zweiten Bremse. Wenn die Getriebewelle insbesondere relativ zu dem Rahmen gedreht wird, kann sich der mindestens eine vierte Bremskörper relativ zu dem mindestens einen dritten Bremskörper und/oder zu dem Rahmen drehen.According to the invention, the winch has a second brake, which has at least one third brake body and at least one fourth brake body, which is non-rotatably connected to the transmission shaft and / or the at least one second brake body. The second brake can serve in particular together with the first brake as a holding brake and / or be a multi-disc brake. A plurality of third disks may form the at least one third brake body, wherein a plurality of fourth disks may form the at least one fourth brake body. The at least one fourth brake body can be directly or indirectly permanently connected to the transmission shaft in particular. Preferably, the at least one fourth brake body is connected indirectly, in particular via the transmission shaft with the at least one second brake body. The at least one third brake body is in particular permanently rotationally connected directly or indirectly to the frame and / or the first brake body. The at least one third brake body and the at least one fourth brake body can be pressed against each other to achieve a friction-based braking effect, in particular by means of a pressure piece of the second brake. When the transmission shaft is rotated in particular relative to the frame, the at least one fourth brake body can rotate relative to the at least one third brake body and / or to the frame.

Durch zwei auf die Getriebewelle wirkende Bremsen ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass beide Bremsen klein dimensioniert werden können, da die erste Bremse nicht überdimensioniert werden muss und die zweite Bremse nur so ausgelegt sein braucht, dass sie das Kriechen der ersten Bremse unterbindet, wenn die erste Bremse und die zweite Bremse für die Haltebremsfunktion geschlossen sind.By two acting on the transmission shaft brakes has the advantage that both brakes can be made small, since the first brake does not need to be oversized and the second brake only needs to be designed so that it prevents the creep of the first brake when the first Brake and the second brake for the holding brake function are closed.

Insbesondere kann die erste Bremse so ausgelegt sein, dass ihr maximales Bremsmoment geringer als das für eine Haltebremsfunktion geforderte Bremsmoment - bezogen auf das maximal zulässige Lastmoment - ist, wobei die zweite Bremse so ausgelegt sein kann, dass ihr maximales Bremsmoment geringer als das für die Haltebremsfunktion geforderte Bremsmoment - bezogen auf das maximal zulässige Lastmoment, ist, wobei die Summe aus dem maximalen Bremsmoment der ersten Bremse und dem maximalen Bremsmoment der zweiten Bremse größer oder gleich dem für die Haltebremsfunktion geforderten Bremsmoment - bezogen auf das maximale Lastmoment - ist. Zum Abbremsen (Betriebsbremsfunktion) der Winde braucht somit nur die erste Bremse verwendet werden, wobei zum Feststellen der Winde in Bezug auf den Rahmen die erste und die zweite Bremse verwendet, insbesondere geschlossen werden, um das für die Haltebremsfunktion erforderliche Bremsmoment zu erfüllen. Die zweite Bremse ist für sich gesehen für eine Haltebremsfunktion zu schwach ausgebildet, so dass sie die Haltebremsfunktion nur in Verbindung mit der ersten Bremse erfüllen kann. Gleiches gilt sinngemäß für die erste Bremse, d. h., dass die erste Bremse für die Haltebremsfunktion zu schwach ausgelegt ist und die Haltebremsfunktion nur in Verbindung mit der zweiten Bremse erfüllen kann.In particular, the first brake may be designed so that its maximum braking torque is less than the braking torque required for a holding brake function - based on the maximum permissible load torque -, wherein the second brake can be designed so that their maximum braking torque is less than that for the holding brake function required braking torque - based on the maximum permissible load torque is, wherein the sum of the maximum braking torque of the first brake and the maximum braking torque of the second brake is greater than or equal to the braking torque required for the holding brake function - based on the maximum load torque - is. Thus, only the first brake needs to be used to decelerate (service brake function) of the winch, with the first and second brakes being used to lock the winch relative to the frame, in particular to be closed in order to fulfill the braking torque required for the holding brake function. The second brake is considered to be too weak for a holding brake function, so that it can fulfill the holding brake function only in conjunction with the first brake. The same applies mutatis mutandis to the first brake, d. h., That the first brake for the holding brake function is designed too weak and can perform the holding brake function only in conjunction with the second brake.

Hierdurch ergibt sich vorteilhaft ein Betriebsverfahren für die hierin beschriebene Winde, wonach die sich relativ zu dem Rahmen drehende Windentrommel und/oder die Getriebewelle mittels der ersten Bremse, insbesondere nur der ersten Bremse abgebremst wird, wobei die zweite Bremse geöffnet ist. Vor oder nach dem Abbremsen der Windentrommel und/oder der Getriebewelle mittels der ersten Bremse können die Windentrommel und/oder die Getriebewelle in Bezug auf den Rahmen dadurch verdrehgesichert, d. h. festgestellt sein oder werden, dass die erste Bremse und die zweite Bremse geschlossen werden bzw. sind. Wenn zum Beispiel die Windentrommel oder die Getriebewelle vor dem Abbremsen mittels der ersten Bremse in Bezug auf den Rahmen verdrehgesichert ist oder wird, können die zweite Bremse geöffnet und die erste Bremse zumindest teilweise geöffnet werden, damit die Windentrommel und die Getriebewelle sich für den Freifallbetrieb relativ zu dem Rahmen drehen können, wobei am Ende des Freifallbetriebs die Windentrommel oder die Getriebewelle mittels der ersten Bremse bis oder nahezu bis zum Stillstand abgebremst wird und die zweite Bremse geschlossen wird, um die Windentrommel und/oder die Getriebewelle relativ zu dem Rahmen festzustellen.This advantageously results in an operating method for the winch described here, according to which the winch drum rotating relative to the frame and / or the gear shaft is braked by means of the first brake, in particular only the first brake, the second brake being open. Before or after the deceleration of the winch drum and / or the transmission shaft by means of the first brake, the winch drum and / or the transmission shaft can be secured against rotation relative to the frame, that is, be established or that the first brake and the second brake are closed or are. For example, if the winch drum or gear shaft is or are rotationally secured against deceleration by the first brake with respect to the frame, the second brake may be opened and the first brake at least partially opened to allow the winch drum and gear shaft to move relative to free fall operation to rotate to the frame, wherein at the end of the free-fall operation, the winch drum or the transmission shaft is braked by the first brake until or almost to a stop and the second brake is closed to determine the winch drum and / or the transmission shaft relative to the frame.

Insbesondere kann sich die Reibpaarung, insbesondere Materialpaarung zwischen dem mindestens einen ersten Bremskörper und dem mindestens einen zweiten Bremskörper von der Reibpaarung, insbesondere Materialpaarung zwischen dem mindestens einen dritten Bremskörper und dem mindestens einen vierten Bremskörper unterscheiden. Für die erste Bremse kann vorteilhaft eine Reib- oder Materialpaarung gewählt werden, welche üblicherweise für eine Betriebsbremse gewählt wird, wobei für die zweite Bremse eine Reib- oder Materialpaarung gewählt werden kann, welche üblicherweise für eine Haltebremse verwendet wird.In particular, the friction pairing, in particular material pairing between the at least one first brake body and the at least one second brake body may differ from the friction pairing, in particular material pairing between the at least one third brake body and the at least one fourth brake body. For the first brake advantageously a friction or material pairing can be selected, which is usually selected for a service brake, wherein for the second brake a friction or material pairing can be selected, which is usually used for a holding brake.

Für die Reibpaarung, insbesondere Materialpaarung zwischen dem mindestens einen ersten Bremskörper und dem mindestens einen zweiten Bremskörper gilt vorzugsweise: µstatisch ≤ µdynamisch, wobei µstatisch den statischen Reibungskoeffizienten (Haftreibungskoeffizienten) und µdynamisch den dynamischen Reibungskoeffizienten (Gleitreibungskoeffizienten) bezeichnet. Durch ein solches Verhältnis der Gleitreibungskoeffizienten kann eine komfortable Betriebsbremsung erreicht werden, da das Bremsmoment beim Übergang von Gleit- in Haftreibung nicht schlagartig ansteigt, was zu einem spürbaren Ruck führen würde.For the friction pairing, in particular material pairing between the at least one first brake body and the at least one second brake body, the following preferably applies: μ static ≦ μ dynamic , where μ statically denotes the static friction coefficient (static friction coefficient) and μ dynamic the dynamic friction coefficient (sliding friction coefficient). By means of such a ratio of the sliding friction coefficients, a comfortable service braking can be achieved, since the braking torque does not abruptly rise during the transition from sliding to static friction, which would lead to a noticeable jerk.

Vorzugsweise gilt für die Reibpaarung, insbesondere Materialpaarung, zwischen dem mindestens einen dritten Bremskörper und dem mindestens einen vierten Bremskörper: µstatisch > µdynamisch, wobei µstatisch den statischen Reibungskoeffizienten (Haftreibungskoeffizienten) und µdynamisch den dynamischen Reibungskoeffizienten (Gleitreibungskoeffizienten) bezeichnen. Durch ein solches Verhältnis der Reibungskoeffizienten wird erreicht, dass Kriechen bzw. eine Drehung des mindestens einen vierten Bremskörpers relativ zu dem mindestens einen dritten Bremskörper verhindert wird.Preferably applies to the friction pairing, in particular material pairing, between the at least one third brake body and the at least one fourth brake body: μ static > μ dynamic , where μ statically denote the static friction coefficient (static friction coefficient) and μ dynamically the dynamic friction coefficient (sliding friction coefficient). Such a ratio of the friction coefficients ensures that creep or rotation of the at least one fourth brake body relative to the at least one third brake body is prevented.

Der mindestens eine erste Bremskörper, insbesondere die ersten Lamellen, kann einen ersten Bremsbelag aus einem organischen Material oder der mindestens eine zweite Bremskörper, insbesondere die zweiten Lamellen, kann einen zweiten Bremsbelag aus einem organischen Material aufweisen.The at least one first brake body, in particular the first lamellae, may have a first brake pad made of an organic material or the at least one second brake body, in particular the second lamellae, may have a second brake pad made of an organic material.

Zwischen dem ersten Bremskörper und dem zweiten Bremskörper ist eine Reibpaarung Metall (wie z.B. Stahl) / organisches Material (wie z.B. Papier) bevorzugt. Einer aus erstem Bremskörper, insbesondere die ersten Lamellen, und zweitem Bremskörper, insbesondere die zweiten Lamellen, kann einen Bremsbelag aus einem organischen Material, wie z.B. einen Papierbelag, aufweisen, wobei an dem anderen aus erstem Bremskörper und zweitem Bremskörper ein metallischer Werkstoff, insbesondere Stahl, eine Reibfläche für den Bremsbelag aus organischem Material bildet. Hierdurch wird die Reibpaarung Metall / organisches Material gebildet. Der mindestens eine erste Bremskörper, insbesondere die ersten Lamellen, kann einen ersten Bremsbelag aus einem organischen Material und der mindestens eine zweite Bremskörper kann ein metallisches Material, insbesondere Stahl, aufweisen, welches die Reibfläche für das organische Material bildet. Alternativ kann der mindestens eine zweite Bremskörper, insbesondere die zweiten Lamellen, einen zweiten Bremsbelag aus einem organischen Material und der mindestens eine erste Bremskörper ein metallisches Material, insbesondere Stahl, welches die Reibfläche für das organische Material bildet, aufweisen.Between the first brake body and the second brake body, a friction pair of metal (such as steel) / organic material (such as paper) is preferred. One of the first brake body, in particular the first lamellae, and the second brake body, in particular the second lamellae, may comprise a brake pad of an organic material, such as e.g. a paper covering, wherein at the other of the first brake body and the second brake body, a metallic material, in particular steel, forms a friction surface for the brake pad made of organic material. As a result, the friction pair metal / organic material is formed. The at least one first brake body, in particular the first lamellae, may comprise a first brake pad of an organic material and the at least one second brake body may comprise a metallic material, in particular steel, which forms the friction surface for the organic material. Alternatively, the at least one second brake body, in particular the second lamellae, a second brake pad made of an organic material and the at least one first brake body, a metallic material, in particular steel, which forms the friction surface for the organic material have.

Der mindestens eine dritte Bremskörper, insbesondere die dritten Lamellen, kann einen dritten Bremsbelag aus einem Sintermaterial oder der mindestens eine vierte Bremskörper, insbesondere die vierten Lamellen, kann einen vierten Bremsbelag aus einem Sintermaterial aufweisen.The at least one third brake body, in particular the third lamellae, may have a third brake pad made of a sintered material or the at least one fourth brake body, in particular the fourth lamellae, may have a fourth brake pad made of a sintered material.

Zwischen dem dritten Bremskörper und dem vierten Bremskörper ist eine Reibpaarung Metall (wie z.B. Stahl) / Sintermaterial (wie z.B. Sintermetall, insbesondere Sinterbronze) bevorzugt. Einer aus drittem Bremskörper, insbesondere die dritten Lamellen, und viertem Bremskörper, insbesondere die vierten Lamellen, kann einen Bremsbelag aus einem Sintermaterial, wie z.B. Sinterbronze, aufweisen, wobei an dem anderen aus drittem Bremskörper und viertem Bremskörper ein metallischer Werkstoff, insbesondere Stahl, eine Reibfläche für den Bremsbelag aus Sintermaterial bildet. Hierdurch wird die Reibpaarung Metall / Sintermaterial gebildet. Der mindestens eine dritte Bremskörper, insbesondere die dritten Lamellen, kann einen dritten Bremsbelag aus einem Sintermaterial und der mindestens eine vierte Bremskörper kann ein metallisches Material, insbesondere Stahl, aufweisen, welches die Reibfläche für das Sintermaterial bildet. Alternativ kann der mindestens eine vierte Bremskörper, insbesondere die vierten Lamellen, einen vierten Bremsbelag aus einem Sintermaterial und der mindestens eine dritte Bremskörper ein metallisches Material, insbesondere Stahl, aufweisen, welches die Reibfläche für das Sintermaterial bildet.Between the third brake body and the fourth brake body, a friction pair of metal (such as steel) / sintered material (such as sintered metal, in particular sintered bronze) is preferred. One of third brake body, in particular the third lamellae, and fourth brake body, in particular the fourth lamellae, a brake pad of a sintered material, such as sintered bronze, having, on the other third brake body and fourth brake body, a metallic material, in particular steel Friction surface for the brake pad made of sintered material forms. As a result, the friction pair metal / sintered material is formed. The at least one third brake body, in particular the third lamellae, may comprise a third brake pad of a sintered material and the at least one fourth brake body may comprise a metallic material, in particular steel, which forms the friction surface for the sintered material. Alternatively, the at least one fourth Brake body, in particular the fourth fins, a fourth brake pad made of a sintered material and the at least one third brake body, a metallic material, in particular steel, have, which forms the friction surface for the sintered material.

In die Erfindung weiterbildenden Ausführungen können der mindestens eine erste Bremskörper und der mindestens eine zweite Bremskörper in einem Ölbad angeordnet sein. Dies verbessert die Wärmeabfuhr von den aneinander reibenden mindestens einen ersten und zweiten Bremskörpern und verringert den Verschleiß der mindestens einen ersten und zweiten Bremskörper.In the invention further developments, the at least one first brake body and the at least one second brake body can be arranged in an oil bath. This improves the heat dissipation from the mutually rubbing at least one first and second brake bodies and reduces the wear of the at least one first and second brake body.

Die mindestens einen dritten und vierten Bremskörper können ebenfalls in einem Ölbad angeordnet sein oder alternativ trocken laufen, d. h. nicht in einem Ölbad angeordnet sein. Da die zweite Bremse lediglich als Haltebremse dient, ist mit keiner größeren Wärmeentwicklung zwischen den mindestens einen dritten und vierten Bremskörpern zu rechnen.The at least one third and fourth brake bodies may also be arranged in an oil bath or alternatively run dry, i. H. not be placed in an oil bath. Since the second brake serves only as a holding brake, no major heat development between the at least one third and fourth brake bodies is to be expected.

Beispielsweise kann die Kraft, mit denen der mindestens eine erste und zweite Bremskörper gegeneinander gedrückt werden, variiert werden, insbesondere in mehreren, wie zum Beispiel mindestens drei Stufen oder stufenlos, insbesondere wenn die zweite Bremse geöffnet ist. D. h., dass die erste Bremse unabhängig von der zweiten Bremse ansteuerbar ist, wenn die zweite Bremse geöffnet ist. Wenn die zweite Bremse geschlossen ist, kann insbesondere durch eine Steuerung vorgesehen sein, dass die erste Bremse ebenfalls geschlossen ist. Wenn die zweite Bremse geöffnet ist, können der mindestens eine erste Bremskörper und zweite Bremskörper unabhängig von dem mindestens einen dritten und vierten Bremskörper gegeneinander gedrückt werden, d. h. in mehreren, wie zum Beispiel mindestens zwei, mindestens drei oder noch mehr Stufen oder stufenlos, wodurch das Bremsmoment der zweiten Bremse, insbesondere der Betriebsbremse einstellbar ist.For example, the force with which the at least one first and second brake bodies are pressed against one another can be varied, in particular in several, for example at least three stages or continuously, in particular when the second brake is open. This means that the first brake can be activated independently of the second brake when the second brake is open. When the second brake is closed, it can be provided in particular by a controller that the first brake is also closed. When the second brake is opened, the at least one first brake body and second brake body can be pressed against each other independently of the at least one third and fourth brake body, d. H. in several, such as at least two, at least three or more stages or continuously, whereby the braking torque of the second brake, in particular the service brake is adjustable.

In bevorzugten Ausführungen kann die erste Bremse mindestens eine vorgespannte Feder aufweisen, wie zum Bespiel mehrere vorgespannte Federn aufweisen, wobei die mindestens eine vorgespannte Feder über ein Druckstück die mindestens einen ersten und zweiten Bremskörper für die Bremsung gegeneinander drückt. Somit wird das maximale Bremsmoment der Bremse durch die mindestens eine vorgespannte Feder bestimmt, welche die Bremskörper gegeneinander drückt. Das Druckstück kann zum Lösen der ersten Bremse oder zur Verringerung des Bremsmoments gegen die Kraft der vorgespannten Federn elektrisch, hydraulisch oder pneumatisch bewegt werden. Dadurch ist sichergestellt, wenn das Mittel zum Bewegen des Druckstücks gegen die Kraft der vorgespannten Feder ausfällt, dass die mindestens eine vorgespannte Feder über das Druckstück die ersten und zweiten Bremskörper zur Erzeugung des maximalen Bremsmoments gegeneinander drückt. Hierdurch wird eine Sicherheitseinrichtung bereitgestellt, welche sicherstellt, dass die erste Bremse beim Ausfall des Mittels zum Bewegen bremst. Gleiches gilt sinngemäß für die zweite Bremse, d. h., dass die zweite Bremse mindestens eine vorgespannte Feder aufweist, welche über ein Druckstück den mindestens einen dritten und vierten Bremskörper für die Bremsung gegeneinander drückt. Auch hier kann das Druckstück zum Lösen der zweiten Bremse oder zur Verringerung des Bremsmoments gegen die Kraft der vorgespannten Federn elektrisch, hydraulisch oder pneumatisch bewegbar sein.In preferred embodiments, the first brake may comprise at least one preloaded spring, as for example comprise a plurality of prestressed springs, wherein the at least one preloaded spring presses against each other via a pressure piece, the at least one first and second brake body for braking. Thus, the maximum braking torque of the brake is determined by the at least one preloaded spring, which the brake body presses against each other. The pressure piece can be moved to release the first brake or to reduce the braking torque against the force of the prestressed springs electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically. This ensures that when the means for moving the pressure piece against the force of the prestressed spring fails, that the at least one prestressed spring presses against the pressure member, the first and second brake body to generate the maximum braking torque against each other. As a result, a safety device is provided, which ensures that the first brake brakes in case of failure of the means for moving. The same applies mutatis mutandis to the second brake, ie, that the second brake has at least one prestressed spring which presses against each other via a pressure piece, the at least one third and fourth brake body for braking. Again, the pressure piece for releasing the second brake or to reduce the braking torque against the force of the prestressed springs can be electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically movable.

Das jeweilige Druckstück der ersten und/oder zweiten Bremse kann zum Beispiel eine verschiebbare Wand einer Druckkammer bilden, welche pneumatisch oder hydraulisch bedruckbar ist, um das Druckstück gegen die Kraft der mindestens einen Feder zu verschieben, d. h., das Druckstück so zu verschieben, dass die mindestens eine Feder gespannt wird. Beim Entlüften der Druckkammer kann die Feder das Druckstück verschieben und gegen die Bremskörper drücken.The respective pressure piece of the first and / or second brake may for example form a displaceable wall of a pressure chamber which is pneumatically or hydraulically printable to move the pressure piece against the force of the at least one spring, d. h., To move the pressure piece so that the at least one spring is tensioned. When venting the pressure chamber, the spring can move the pressure piece and press against the brake body.

Die Winde kann optional eine zweite Getriebewelle aufweisen, welche drehfest mit der Antriebswelle des Motors verbindbar oder verbunden ist oder die Antriebswelle des Motors ist. Die zweite Getriebewelle kann zum Beispiel mit der oben genannten Getriebewelle, die zur besseren Unterscheidbarkeit als erste Getriebewelle bezeichnet werden kann, fluchten. Die zweite Getriebewelle kann mittels einer weiteren Bremse, zum Beispiel einer insbesondere als Lamellenbremse gestalteten Haltebremse relativ zu dem Rahmen festgestellt werden, insbesondere während des Freifallbetriebs, und für eine Drehung relativ zu dem Rahmen freigegeben werden, insbesondere während des motorischen Hub- oder Senkbetriebs. Die weitere Bremse ist bevorzugt geschlossen, wenn die erste Bremse zumindest teilweise und die zweite Bremse geöffnet sind (Freifallbetrieb). Die weitere Bremse ist bevorzugt geöffnet, wenn die erste und zweite Bremse geschlossen sind (motorischer Hub- oder Senkbetrieb). Die weitere Bremse und die erste und zweite Bremse können optional geschlossen sein (Haltefunktion oder Notaus).Optionally, the winch may comprise a second transmission shaft rotatably connected or connected to the drive shaft of the engine or the drive shaft of the engine. For example, the second transmission shaft may be aligned with the aforementioned transmission shaft, which may be referred to as the first transmission shaft for better distinctness. The second transmission shaft can be detected relative to the frame by means of a further brake, for example a holding brake designed in particular as a multi-disc brake, in particular during free fall operation, and released for rotation relative to the frame, in particular during the motorized lifting or lowering operation. The further brake is preferably closed when the first brake is at least partially open and the second brake is open (free fall operation). The further brake is preferably open when the first and second brakes are closed (motorized lifting or Lowering mode). The additional brake and the first and second brakes can optionally be closed (holding function or emergency stop).

Die Erfindung wurde anhand mehrerer bevorzugter Ausführungen beschrieben. Im Folgenden wird eine besonders bevorzugte Ausführung anhand von Figuren beschrieben. Die dabei offenbarten Merkmale bilden den Gegenstand der Erfindung jeweils einzeln und in jeglicher Merkmalskombination vorteilhaft weiter. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine Querschnittsansicht einer Baugruppe, welche eine erste und zweite Bremse aufweist, für eine erfindungsgemäße Winde,
Figur 2
eine Prinzipskizze einer Winde in der insbesondere die Baugruppe aus Figur 1 eingebaut oder enthalten sein kann.
The invention has been described with reference to several preferred embodiments. In the following, a particularly preferred embodiment will be described with reference to figures. The disclosed features form the subject of the invention individually and advantageously in any combination of features further. Show it:
FIG. 1
a cross-sectional view of an assembly comprising a first and second brake for a winch according to the invention,
FIG. 2
a schematic diagram of a winch in the particular of the assembly FIG. 1 can be incorporated or included.

Zunächst wird die Funktion einer Freifallwinde 1 anhand der Skizze aus Figur 2 beschrieben. In dieser Freifallwinde 1 kann die Baugruppe aus Figur 1 enthalten sein.First, the function of a free fall winch 1 based on the sketch FIG. 2 described. In this freefall winch 1, the assembly of FIG. 1 be included.

Die Freifallwinde 1 weist eine Windentrommel 2 auf, über deren Umfang ein Seil aufwickelbar oder aufgewickelt ist (nicht dargestellt). Innerhalb der Windentrommel 2 ist ein mehrstufiges, in diesem Beispiel zweistufiges Planetengetriebe 10, insbesondere in einem Gehäusetopf 8 angeordnet, der sich wiederum in der Windentrommel 2 befindet, mit der er drehsteif verbunden ist. Die Windentrommel 2 ist drehbar im Rahmen 3, der auch als Gehäuse bezeichnet werden kann, gelagert. Ein Antriebsmotor 15 treibt über seine Antriebswelle 16 und eine zweite Getriebewelle 17 ein Sonnenrad 43 einer Antriebsplanetenstufe 42 an. Die Drehbewegung des Sonnenrads 43 wird über ein Hohlrad 42 der Antriebsplanetenstufe 42 auf das Sonnenrad 23 einer Abtriebsplanetenstufe 22 übertragen. Das Sonnenrad 23 ist hierfür mit dem Hohlrad 42 über eine Hohlwelle 21, innerhalb der zum Beispiel die zweite Getriebewelle 17 angeordnet ist, verbunden. Die Drehbewegung des Sonnenrads 23 wird über die Planetenräder 26 auf das Hohlrad 28 der Abtriebsplanetenstufe 22 übertragen, wobei das Hohlrad 28 drehsteif mit dem Gehäusetopf 8 und/oder allgemein mit der Windentrommel 2 verbunden ist. Optional kann zwischen der Antriebsplanetenstufe 42 und der Abtriebsplanetenstufe 22 eine weitere Planetenstufe angeordnet sein, welche die Drehzahl von dem Motor 15 zu der Windentrommel 2 weiter herabsetzt. Die Planetenräder 26 der Abtriebsplanetenstufe 22 nehmen in Folge ihrer Abstützung gegen den Rahmen 3 die Reaktionskräfte der Windentrommel auf. Der Planetenträger 44 der Antriebsplanetenstufe 42 ist mit einer ersten Getriebewelle 12 insbesondere drehfest verbunden, wobei die Getriebewelle 12 relativ zu dem Gehäusetopf 8 des Planetengetriebes 10 und dem Rahmen 3 der Freifallwinde 1 drehbar gelagert ist. An der Getriebewelle 12 ist eine fest mit dem Windenrahmen 3 verbundene erste Bremse 100 und eine fest mit dem Windenrahmen 3 verbundene zweite Bremse 200 angeordnet. Die erste Bremse 100 dient als Betriebsbremse für die Abbremsung der Last im Freifallbetrieb. Die zweite Bremse 200 dient in Verbindung mit der ersten Bremse 100 als Haltebremse zum sicheren Feststellen der Windentrommel 2 in Bezug auf den Rahmen 3.The free-fall winch 1 has a winch drum 2, over the circumference of which a rope can be wound or wound up (not shown). Within the winch drum 2 is a multi-stage, in this example two-stage planetary gear 10, in particular arranged in a housing pot 8, which in turn is located in the winch drum 2, with which it is connected torsionally rigid. The winch drum 2 is rotatably mounted in the frame 3, which may also be referred to as a housing stored. A drive motor 15 drives a sun gear 43 of a drive planetary stage 42 via its drive shaft 16 and a second transmission shaft 17. The rotational movement of the sun gear 43 is transmitted via a ring gear 42 of the drive planetary gear 42 to the sun gear 23 of an output planetary gear stage 22. The sun gear 23 is for this purpose connected to the ring gear 42 via a hollow shaft 21, within which, for example, the second transmission shaft 17 is arranged. The rotational movement of the sun gear 23 is transmitted via the planet gears 26 to the ring gear 28 of the output planetary gear stage 22, wherein the ring gear 28 is rigidly connected to the housing pot 8 and / or generally with the winch drum 2. Optionally, a further planetary stage may be arranged between the drive planetary stage 42 and the output planetary stage 22, which further reduces the rotational speed from the motor 15 to the winch drum 2. The planet gears 26 of the Output planetary stage 22 take in response to their support against the frame 3, the reaction forces of the winch drum. The planet carrier 44 of the drive planetary stage 42 is rotatably connected in particular with a first gear shaft 12, wherein the gear shaft 12 is rotatably supported relative to the housing pot 8 of the planetary gear 10 and the frame 3 of the free fall winch 1. On the transmission shaft 12, a fixedly connected to the winch frame 3 first brake 100 and a fixed to the winch frame 3 second brake 200 is arranged. The first brake 100 serves as a service brake for the deceleration of the load in free fall operation. The second brake 200, in conjunction with the first brake 100, serves as a holding brake for securely detecting the winch drum 2 with respect to the frame 3.

Optional könnte an der Getriebewelle 12 ein zum Beispiel zweiter Antriebsmotor (nicht gezeigt) befestigt sein, der über die Getriebewelle 12 den Planetenträger 44 der Antriebsplanetenstufe 42 antreibt. Die Antriebsplanetenstufe 42 überträgt nun mittels ihres Hohlrads 48 die übertragenden Drehbewegungen beider Antriebsmotoren auf das Sonnenrad 23 der Abtriebsplanetenstufe 22. Alternativ zu der in Figur 2 gezeigten Ausführungsform, kann der Planetenträger 44 über die Hohlwelle 21 drehfest mit dem Sonnenrad 23 verbunden sein. Das Hohlrad 48 der Antriebsplanetenstufe 42 kann dann drehfest mit der Getriebewelle 12 verbunden sein. Die Hohlwelle 48 der Antriebsplanetenstufe 42 ist in dieser Alternative der nicht abtreibbare Steg (freies Glied), der durch die Freifallbremse 100, 200 gegenüber dem Windenrahmen 3 gebremst werden kann.Optionally, for example, a second drive motor (not shown) may be attached to the transmission shaft 12, which drives the planetary carrier 44 of the drive planetary stage 42 via the transmission shaft 12. The drive planetary stage 42 transmits now by means of its ring gear 48, the transmitting rotational movements of both drive motors on the sun gear 23 of the output planetary gear stage 22. Alternativ to the in FIG. 2 In the embodiment shown, the planetary carrier 44 may be non-rotatably connected to the sun gear 23 via the hollow shaft 21. The ring gear 48 of the drive planetary stage 42 can then be rotatably connected to the transmission shaft 12. The hollow shaft 48 of the drive planetary stage 42 is in this alternative, the non-abolable web (free member), which can be braked by the free-fall brake 100, 200 relative to the winch frame 3.

Die mit dem Sonnenrad 43 drehfest verbundene Getriebewelle 17 weist eine Haltebremse 6 auf, die einerseits an der Getriebewelle 17 und anderseits an dem Windenrahmen befestigt ist, so dass die Getriebewelle 17 in Bezug auf den Windenrahmen 3 feststellbar ist, insbesondere während des Freifallbetriebs. D. h., dass während des Hub- und Senkbetriebs mittels des Motors 15 die Bremse 6 geöffnet ist, wobei die erste und zweite Bremse 100, 200 geschlossen sind, so dass die Windentrommel 2 mittels des Motors 15 in Bezug auf den Windenrahmen 3 Hub- und/oder Senkbewegungen ausführen kann. Für den Freifallbetrieb wird die Haltebremse 6 geschlossen, wobei die zweite Bremse 200 geöffnet und die erste Bremse 100 ebenfalls zumindest teilweise geöffnet wird, so dass sich die Windentrommel 2 in Bezug auf den Rahmen 3 in Bewegung setzt. Die Drehgeschwindigkeit der Windentrommel 2 kann mittels des Bremsmoments der ersten Bremse 100 reguliert werden.The rotatably connected to the sun gear 43 gear shaft 17 has a holding brake 6, which is attached on the one hand to the transmission shaft 17 and on the other hand to the winch frame, so that the transmission shaft 17 with respect to the winch frame 3 can be determined, especially during free fall operation. That is, that during the lifting and lowering operation by means of the motor 15, the brake 6 is opened, wherein the first and second brakes 100, 200 are closed, so that the winch drum 2 by means of the motor 15 with respect to the winch frame 3 stroke - And / or lowering movements can perform. For the free-fall operation, the holding brake 6 is closed, wherein the second brake 200 is opened and the first brake 100 is also at least partially opened, so that the winch drum 2 with respect to sets frame 3 in motion. The rotational speed of the winch drum 2 can be regulated by means of the braking torque of the first brake 100.

Für die Antriebsplanetenstufe 42, deren Sonnenrad 43 von dem Motor 15 antreibbar ist, ist in einer Variante denkbar, dass das Sonnenrad 23 der Abtriebsplanetenstufe 22 von dem Planetenträger 44 der Antriebsplanetenstufe 42 antreibbar ist (in Figur 2 nicht gezeigt), wobei die Getriebewelle 12 von dem Hohlrad 48 der Antriebsplanetenstufe 42 antreibbar ist. In der in Figur 2 gezeigten Variante ist das Sonnenrad 23 der Abtriebsplanetenstufe 22 von dem Hohlrad 48 der Antriebsplanetenstufe 22 antreibbar, wobei die Getriebewelle 12 von dem Planetenträger 44 der Antriebsplanetenstufe 42 antreibbar ist.For the drive planetary stage 42, whose sun gear 43 can be driven by the motor 15, it is conceivable in a variant that the sun gear 23 of the output planetary stage 22 can be driven by the planet carrier 44 of the drive planetary stage 42 (in FIG FIG. 2 not shown), wherein the transmission shaft 12 is driven by the ring gear 48 of the drive planetary stage 42. In the in FIG. 2 The variant shown, the sun gear 23 of the output planetary gear 22 is driven by the ring gear 48 of the drive planetary gear 22, wherein the gear shaft 12 of the planet carrier 44 of the drive planetary stage 42 can be driven.

Abweichend von Figur 2, in der der Planetenträger 24 drehfest mit dem Windenrahmen 3 verbunden ist, kann in einer Variante der Planetenträger 24 drehfest mit der Windentrommel 2 verbunden sein, wobei das Hohlrad 28 drehfest mit dem Windenrahmen 3 verbunden ist. Wie aus den Figuren 1 und 2 ersichtlich ist, ist die erste Bremse 100 eine Lamellenbremse, wobei die zweite Bremse 200 ebenfalls eine Lamellenbremse ist.Deviating from FIG. 2 , in which the planet carrier 24 is rotatably connected to the winch frame 3, in a variant of the planet carrier 24 may be rotatably connected to the winch drum 2, wherein the ring gear 28 is rotatably connected to the winch frame 3. Like from the FIGS. 1 and 2 can be seen, the first brake 100 is a multi-disc brake, wherein the second brake 200 is also a multi-disc brake.

Wie am besten aus Figur 1 erkennbar ist, weist die erste Bremse 100 mehrere erste Lamellen 110 auf, welche drehfest mit einem Gehäuse 80 der Baugruppe aus Figur 1 verbunden sind. Die Baugruppe aus Figur 1 kann über ihr Gehäuse 80, insbesondere über die Flansche 84 fest mit dem Windengestell 3 verbunden werden, so dass das Gehäuse 80 als Teil des Windengestells 3 erachtet werden kann. Das Gehäuse 80 weist einen ersten Gehäusetopf 81, einen zweiten Gehäusetopf 82 und einen Deckel 83 sowie ein Innenstück 152 und ein Innenstück 252 auf.How best FIG. 1 can be seen, the first brake 100 on a plurality of first blades 110, which rotatably with a housing 80 of the assembly from FIG. 1 are connected. The module is off FIG. 1 can be connected via its housing 80, in particular via the flanges 84 fixed to the winch frame 3, so that the housing 80 can be considered part of the winch frame 3. The housing 80 has a first housing pot 81, a second housing pot 82 and a lid 83 and an inner piece 152 and an inner piece 252.

Die erste Bremse 100 weist einen Lamellenträger 121 auf, der drehfest mit der Getriebewelle 12 verbunden ist. Die erste Bremse 100 weist mehrere zweite Lamellen 120 auf, die drehfest mit dem Lamellenträger 121 oder über den Lamellenträger 121 drehfest mit der Getriebewelle 12 verbunden sind. Zwischen zwei ersten Lamellen 110 ist jeweils eine zweite Lamelle 120 angeordnet, wobei zwischen zwei zweiten Lamellen 120 jeweils eine erste Lamelle 110 angeordnet ist. Die ersten und zweiten Lamellen 110, 120 können über ein erstes Druckstück 140 der Bremse 100 gegeneinander gepresst werden, wodurch die Reibung zwischen den Lamellen 110, 120 und somit das Bremsmoment der ersten Bremse 100 erzeugt oder erhöht werden kann. Das Druckstück 140 wird mittels vorgespannter Federn 130 gegen die Lamellen 110, 120 gepresst. Die Federn 130 erzeugen somit die für das Bremsmoment erforderliche Anpresskraft auf die Lamellen 110, 120. Die mindestens eine Feder 130 stützt sich mit einem Ende an dem Druckstück 140 und mit dem anderen Ende an dem Gehäuse 80, insbesondere an dem zweiten Gehäusetopf 82 ab. Die mindestens eine Feder 130 ist eine Wendelfeder, die als Druckfeder wirkt. Das Innenstück 152 und das Druckstück 140 bilden die Wände einer ersten Druckkammer 150, die über einen Kanal 151 mit einem Fluid, insbesondere Druckluft oder Hydrauliköl bedruckbar ist. Das Gehäuse 80, insbesondere der zweite Gehäusetopf 82 weist an seiner Außenseite einen Anschluss zum Anschließen einer Versorgungsleitung für den Kanal 151 auf. Durch Zuführen von Fluid in die Kammer 150 kann das Druckstück 140 so verschoben werden, dass einerseits die mindestens eine Feder 130 gespannt und die Lamellen 110, 120 von der Anpresskraft des Druckstücks 140 entlastet werden, so dass Bremsmoment der Bremse 100 abnimmt. Durch Abführen von Fluid aus der Druckkammer 150, insbesondere durch Verringerung des Drucks in der Druckkammer 150 kann die mindestens eine Feder 130 das Druckstück 140 zur Erhöhung der Anpresskraft gegen die Lamellen 110, 120 drücken, wodurch das Bremsmoment der Bremse 100 zunimmt. Durch entsprechende Verschiebung des Druckstücks 140 bzw. Druckbeaufschlagung der Kammer 150 mit Fluid kann das Bremsmoment der Bremse 100 nahezu beliebig, d. h. stufenlos eingestellt werden.The first brake 100 has a plate carrier 121, which is non-rotatably connected to the transmission shaft 12. The first brake 100 has a plurality of second fins 120 which are non-rotatably connected to the plate carrier 121 or rotatably connected via the plate carrier 121 with the transmission shaft 12. Between two first slats 110, a second slat 120 is arranged in each case, wherein a first slat 110 is arranged in each case between two second slats 120. The first and second blades 110, 120 can be pressed against each other via a first pressure piece 140 of the brake 100, whereby the friction between the Slats 110, 120 and thus the braking torque of the first brake 100 can be generated or increased. The pressure piece 140 is pressed by means of prestressed springs 130 against the slats 110, 120. The springs 130 thus generate the contact force required for the braking torque on the lamellae 110, 120. The at least one spring 130 is supported at one end on the pressure piece 140 and at the other end on the housing 80, in particular on the second housing pot 82. The at least one spring 130 is a helical spring, which acts as a compression spring. The inner piece 152 and the pressure piece 140 form the walls of a first pressure chamber 150, which is printable via a channel 151 with a fluid, in particular compressed air or hydraulic oil. The housing 80, in particular the second housing pot 82 has on its outer side a connection for connecting a supply line for the channel 151. By supplying fluid into the chamber 150, the pressure piece 140 can be displaced so that on the one hand the tensioned at least one spring 130 and the blades 110, 120 are relieved of the contact pressure of the pressure piece 140, so that braking torque of the brake 100 decreases. By discharging fluid from the pressure chamber 150, in particular by reducing the pressure in the pressure chamber 150, the at least one spring 130 can push the pressure piece 140 to increase the contact force against the blades 110, 120, whereby the braking torque of the brake 100 increases. By appropriate displacement of the pressure piece 140 or pressurization of the chamber 150 with fluid, the braking torque of the brake 100 can be set almost arbitrarily, ie continuously.

Das Innenstück 152 bildet gleichzeitig den Lagersitz für ein Wälzlager, welches die Getriebewelle 12 drehbar am Gehäuse 80 lagert, wobei sich das Wälzlager mit ihrem Außenumfang an dem Innenstück 152 abstützt und die Getriebewelle 12 sich mit ihrem Außenumfang an einem Innenumfang des Wälzlagers abstützt.The inner piece 152 simultaneously forms the bearing seat for a rolling bearing, which rotatably supports the gear shaft 12 on the housing 80, wherein the rolling bearing is supported with its outer periphery on the inner piece 152 and the gear shaft 12 is supported with its outer periphery on an inner periphery of the bearing.

In dem Gehäuse 80 ist eine zweite Bremse 200, die als Haltebremse wirkt, vorgesehen, wobei die zweite Bremse 200 mehrere dritte Lamellen 210 aufweist, die drehfest mit dem Gehäuse 80, insbesondere dem zweiten Gehäusetopf 82 verbunden sind. Die zweite Bremse 200 weist mehrere vierte Lamellen 220 auf, die drehfest mit einem Lamellenträger 221 bzw. über den Lamellenträger 221 drehfest mit der Getriebewelle 12 verbunden sind. Der Lamellenträger 221 ist drehfest mit der Getriebewelle 12 verbunden. Zwischen zwei vierten Lamellen 220 befindet sich jeweils eine zweite Lamelle 210, wobei sich zwischen zwei dritten Lamellen 210 jeweils eine vierte Lamelle 220 befindet. Die zweite Bremse 200 weist ein zweites Druckstück 240 auf, welches mittels mehrerer Federn 230 oder allgemein mindestens einer Feder 230 der zweiten Bremse 200 mit einer Anpresskraft gegen die Lamellen 210, 220 drückt. Über die mindestens eine, zum Beispiel zweite Feder 230 wird das Druckstück 240 mit einer Anpresskraft gegen die Lamellen 210, 220 gedrückt, so dass das erforderliche Bremsmoment erzeugt wird. Zum Lösen bzw. Öffnen der Bremse wird das Druckstück 240 gegen die Kraft der mit mindestens einen Feder 230 so verschoben, dass die mindestens eine Feder 230 von dem Druckstück 240 gespannt wird und die Lamellen 210, 220 von der Anpresskraft entlastet werden. Das am Deckel 251 befestigte Innenstück 252 und das zweite Druckstück 240 bilden die Wände einer zweiten Druckkammer 250, der über einen Fluidkanal 251 Fluid zuführbar ist. Der Kanal 251 mündet an der Außenseite des Gehäuses 80, insbesondere des Deckels 83, nämlich in einen Anschluss, an dem eine Fluidleitung schließbar ist. Durch Zuführen von Fluid in die zweite Druckkammer 250 bzw. durch Erhöhen des Drucks in der zweiten Fluidkammer 250 wird das zweite Druckstück 240 gegen die Kraft der mindestens einen Feder 230 verschoben, wodurch die zweite Bremse 200 geöffnet wird.In the housing 80, a second brake 200, which acts as a holding brake, is provided, wherein the second brake 200 has a plurality of third fins 210 which are non-rotatably connected to the housing 80, in particular the second housing pot 82. The second brake 200 has a plurality of fourth fins 220, which are non-rotatably connected to a plate carrier 221 or via the plate carrier 221 rotatably connected to the transmission shaft 12. The plate carrier 221 is rotatably connected to the transmission shaft 12. Between two fourth fins 220 there is in each case a second lamella 210, wherein in each case a fourth lamella 220 is located between two third lamellae 210. The second brake 200 has a second pressure piece 240, which presses by means of a plurality of springs 230 or generally at least one spring 230 of the second brake 200 with a contact force against the slats 210, 220. About the at least one, for example second spring 230, the pressure piece 240 is pressed with a contact force against the slats 210, 220, so that the required braking torque is generated. To release or open the brake, the pressure piece 240 is displaced against the force of at least one spring 230 so that the at least one spring 230 is tensioned by the pressure piece 240 and the lamellae 210, 220 are relieved of the contact pressure. The lid 251 fixed to the inner piece 252 and the second pressure piece 240 form the walls of a second pressure chamber 250, which is supplied via a fluid passage 251 fluid. The channel 251 opens on the outside of the housing 80, in particular of the lid 83, namely into a connection, to which a fluid line can be closed. By supplying fluid into the second pressure chamber 250 or by increasing the pressure in the second fluid chamber 250, the second pressure piece 240 is displaced against the force of the at least one spring 230, whereby the second brake 200 is opened.

Die mindestens eine Feder 230 stützt sich mit einem Ende an dem zweiten Druckstück 240 und mit dem anderen Ende an dem Gehäuse 80, insbesondere an dem Gehäusedeckel 83 ab. Die mindestens eine Feder 230 ist eine als Druckfeder wirkende Wendelfeder.The at least one spring 230 is supported at one end on the second pressure piece 240 and at the other end on the housing 80, in particular on the housing cover 83. The at least one spring 230 is acting as a compression spring coil spring.

Die Materialpaarung zwischen den ersten und zweiten Lamellen 110, 120 unterscheidet sich von der Materialpaarung zwischen den dritten und vierten Lamellen 210, 220. Insbesondere gilt für die Materialpaarung der ersten und zweiten Lamellen 110, 120 µstatisch ≤ µdynamisch. Insbesondere gilt für die Materialpaarung zwischen den dritten und vierten Lamellen µstatisch > µdynamisch.The material pairing between the first and second blades 110, 120 differs from the material pairing between the third and fourth blades 210, 220. In particular, for the material combination of the first and second blades 110, 120 μ static ≤ μ dynamic . In particular, for the material pairing between the third and fourth lamellae μ static > μ dynamic .

Die erste Bremse 100 ist so ausgelegt, dass ihr maximales Bremsmoment geringer als das für eine Haltebremsfunktion geforderte Bremsmoment ist. Das für die Haltebremsfunktion geforderte Bremsmoment bezieht sich auf das maximal zulässige Lastmoment, welches von der am Seil maximal zulässigen Last abhängt. Die zweite Bremse 200 ist so ausgelegt, dass ihr maximales Bremsmoment geringer als das für eine Haltebremsfunktion geforderte Bremsmoment ist. Somit ist keine der Bremsen 100, 200 für sich gesehen ausreichend dimensioniert, dass das maximale Bremsmoment erreicht wird. Allerdings ist die Summe aus dem maximalen Bremsmoment der ersten Bremse 100 und dem maximalen Bremsmoment der zweiten Bremse 200 größer oder gleich dem geforderten Bremsmoment für die Haltebremsfunktion. Hierdurch lassen sich die erste und die zweite Bremse 100, 200 für sich gesehen kompakt gestalten.The first brake 100 is designed so that its maximum braking torque is less than the braking torque required for a holding brake function. The braking torque required for the holding brake function refers to the maximum permissible load torque, which depends on the maximum permissible load on the cable. The second brake 200 is designed so that their maximum braking torque is less than the braking torque required for a holding brake function. Thus, none of the brakes 100, 200 is sufficiently dimensioned per se, that the maximum braking torque is achieved. However, the sum of the maximum braking torque of the first brake 100 and the maximum braking torque of the second brake 200 is greater than or equal to the required braking torque for the holding brake function. As a result, the first and second brakes 100, 200 can be made compact in themselves.

Claims (15)

  1. A winch (1), comprising:
    a) a frame (3) and a winch drum (2) which is mounted such that it can be rotated relative to the frame (3);
    b) a gearing (10) via which the winch drum (2) can be rotated by means of a drive motor (15) which is or can be attached to the winch (1), wherein the gearing (10) comprises a gear shaft (12);
    c) a first brake (100) which comprises at least one first brake body (110) and at least one second brake body (120) which is non-rotationally connected to the gear shaft (12), wherein the at least one first brake body (110) and the at least one second brake body (120) can be pressed against each other, in order to achieve a braking effect based on a frictional engagement;
    d) a second brake (200) which comprises at least one third brake body (210) and at least one fourth brake body (220) which is non-rotationally connected to the gear shaft (12) and/or the at least one second brake body (120), wherein the at least one third brake body (210) and the at least one fourth brake body (220) can be pressed against each other, in order to achieve a braking effect based on a frictional engagement,
    characterised in that
    e) the at least one third brake body (210) is non-rotationally connected to the frame (3) and/or the first brake body (110).
  2. The winch (1) according to Claim 1, characterised in that the first brake (100) can be controlled independently of the second brake (200) and in particular in that the at least one first brake body (110) and the at least one second brake body (120) can be pressed against each other independently of the at least one third brake body (210) and the at least one fourth brake body (220).
  3. The winch (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the at least one first brake body (110) comprises a first brake pad made of an organic material, or the at least one second brake body (120) comprises a second brake pad made of an organic material.
  4. The winch (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the at least one third brake body (210) comprises a third brake pad made of a sintered material, or the at least one fourth brake body (220) comprises a fourth brake pad made of a sintered material.
  5. The winch (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the at least one first brake body (110) and the at least one second brake body (120) are arranged in an oil bath, wherein the at least one third brake body (210) and the at least one fourth brake body (220) are arranged in an oil bath or run dry.
  6. The winch (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that for the friction pairing between the at least one first brake body (110) and the at least one second brake body (120), it holds that: µstatis ≤ µdynamic.
  7. The winch (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that for the friction pairing between the at least one third brake body (210) and the at least one fourth brake body (220), it holds that: µstatic > µdynamic.
  8. The winch (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the first brake (100) is configured as a service brake and the second brake (200) is configured as a holding brake.
  9. The winch (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the first brake (100) is configured such that its maximum braking torque is less than the braking torque required for a holding brake function, wherein the second brake (200) is configured such that its maximum braking torque is less than the braking torque required for a holding brake function, wherein the sum of the maximum braking torque of the first brake (100) and the maximum braking torque of the second brake (200) is greater than or equal to the required braking torque for the holding brake function.
  10. The winch (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the first brake (100) is a multi-disc brake, wherein multiple first discs form the at least one first brake body (110), and multiple second discs form the at least one second brake body (120).
  11. The winch (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the second brake (200) is a multi-disc brake, wherein multiple third discs form the at least one third brake body (210), and multiple fourth discs form the at least one fourth brake body (220).
  12. The winch (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that:
    - the first brake (100) comprises at least one biased spring (130) which presses the at least one first brake body (110) and the at least one second brake body (120) against each other via a pressure piece (140) for the purpose of braking, wherein the pressure piece (140) can be electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically moved, counter to the force of the biased spring (130), in order to release the first brake (100) or reduce the braking torque; and/or
    - the second brake (200) comprises at least one biased spring (230) which presses the at least one third brake body (210) and the at least one fourth brake body (220) against each other via a pressure piece (240) for the purpose of braking, wherein the pressure piece (240) can be electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically moved, counter to the force of the biased spring (230), in order to release the second brake (200) or reduce the braking torque.
  13. The winch (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the gearing (10) comprises:
    f) a driven planetary stage (22),
    f1) the sun wheel (23) of which can be driven,
    f2) the planetary carrier (24) or hollow wheel (28) of which is non-rotationally connected to the frame (3), and
    f3) the remaining free member of which is non-rotationally connected to the winch drum (2); and
    g) a drive planetary stage (42),
    g1) the sun wheel (43) of which can be driven by the motor (15),
    g2) wherein the sun wheel (23) of the driven planetary stage (22) can be driven by a planetary carrier (44) of the drive planetary stage (42), and
    g3) wherein the gear shaft (12) can be driven by the hollow wheel (48) of the drive planetary stage (42).
  14. The winch (1) according to any one of Claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the gearing (10) comprises:
    f) a driven planetary stage (22),
    f1) the sun wheel (23) of which can be driven,
    f2) the planetary carrier (24) or hollow wheel (28) of which is non-rotationally connected to the frame (3), and
    f3) the remaining free member of which is non-rotationally connected to the winch drum (2); and
    g) a drive planetary stage (42),
    g1) the sun wheel (43) of which can be driven by the motor (15),
    g2) wherein the sun wheel (23) of the driven planetary stage (22) can be driven by a hollow wheel (48) of the drive planetary stage (42), and
    g3) wherein the gear shaft (12) can be driven by a planetary carrier (44) of the drive planetary stage (42).
  15. A method for operating the winch (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the winch drum (2) or gear shaft (12) which is rotated relative to the frame (3) is slowed by means of the first brake (100), while the second brake (200) is released, and in that the winch drum (2) or gear shaft (12) is previously or subsequently secured against rotating in relation to the frame (3) by applying the first brake (100) and the second brake (200).
EP14196525.1A 2014-12-05 2014-12-05 Winch, in particular free fall winch with a service and holding brake Active EP3028983B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14196525.1A EP3028983B1 (en) 2014-12-05 2014-12-05 Winch, in particular free fall winch with a service and holding brake
US14/958,296 US10087056B2 (en) 2014-12-05 2015-12-03 Free-fall winch with a service and holding brake
CN201510881365.4A CN105668451B (en) 2014-12-05 2015-12-03 Hoist engine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14196525.1A EP3028983B1 (en) 2014-12-05 2014-12-05 Winch, in particular free fall winch with a service and holding brake

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3028983A1 EP3028983A1 (en) 2016-06-08
EP3028983B1 true EP3028983B1 (en) 2018-02-07

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14196525.1A Active EP3028983B1 (en) 2014-12-05 2014-12-05 Winch, in particular free fall winch with a service and holding brake

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US10087056B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3028983B1 (en)
CN (1) CN105668451B (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20160159626A1 (en) 2016-06-09
CN105668451A (en) 2016-06-15
EP3028983A1 (en) 2016-06-08
US10087056B2 (en) 2018-10-02
CN105668451B (en) 2019-01-04

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