EP3026379A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour condenser complètement un gaz de processus par cryo-condensation - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour condenser complètement un gaz de processus par cryo-condensation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3026379A1
EP3026379A1 EP14194689.7A EP14194689A EP3026379A1 EP 3026379 A1 EP3026379 A1 EP 3026379A1 EP 14194689 A EP14194689 A EP 14194689A EP 3026379 A1 EP3026379 A1 EP 3026379A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooling
cooling medium
gaseous
process gas
condenser
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14194689.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Marcel Brouns
Matthias Böckling
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Liquide Deutschland GmbH
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide Deutschland GmbH
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Air Liquide Deutschland GmbH, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide Deutschland GmbH
Priority to EP14194689.7A priority Critical patent/EP3026379A1/fr
Publication of EP3026379A1 publication Critical patent/EP3026379A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
    • F25J1/007—Primary atmospheric gases, mixtures thereof
    • F25J1/0072—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0221—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop
    • F25J1/0222—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop in combination with an intermediate heat exchange fluid between the cryogenic component and the fluid to be liquefied
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/42—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/08—Cold compressor, i.e. suction of the gas at cryogenic temperature and generally without afterstage-cooler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams the fluid being nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being nitrogen

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process and a device for completely condensing a process gas by cryocondensation.
  • cryocondensation is well known for processes to clean a process gas from undesired components, which can be condensed to be separated from the process gas to be cleaned. Details of such a method and a corresponding device are for example disclosed in WO 2008/7055804 A1 . In most cases the cleaning of process gas from undesired components is directed to very small amounts of gas to be condensed and the focus for such devices is not mainly directed to economic aspects how to make the condensation of very small amounts highly efficient concerning energy consumption.
  • cryocondensation For industrial purposes it is also known to convert a process gas by cryocondensation completely into a liquid product.
  • cryocondensation ihas to compete with other methods for liquefying gases, for economic reasons, liquid nitrogen id mainly as cooling medium for cryocondensation economic reasons.
  • liquid nitrogen id mainly as cooling medium for cryocondensation economic reasons.
  • the invention is described in the following mainly with reference to nitrogen as cooling medium.
  • other gases can be used as cooling medium if they are available in liquid phase at the right temperature and can be used afterwards in gaseous phase under economic conditions.
  • the present invention relates to a method for completely condensing a process gas by cryocondensation, comprising the following steps:
  • the method according to the invention uses liquid nitrogen or another cooling medium at three different stages to contribute to the cooling down and liquefying a process gas.
  • a first step the gaseous nitrogen circulating in the cooling loop is cooled in the main heat exchanger with liquid nitrogen, whereby the liquid nitrogen is vaporized.
  • the main heat exchanger should be designed to allow the liquid nitrogen to be completely vaporized during the heat exchange, resulting in a sharp decrease of the temperature of the gaseous nitrogen in the cooling loop.
  • the still very cold, but completely vaporized nitrogen is introduced into the cooling loop, thereby further lowering the temperature in the cooling loop.
  • part of the gaseous nitrogen circulating in the cooling loop and still being cold is extracted from the cooling loop to be used a third time in the pre-cooler to pre-cool the process gas before the latter enters the condenser.
  • the gaseous cooling medium can be released into the environment or can be used in an industrial network distributing the cooling medium, in particular nitrogen.
  • the chain for using the cold of liquid medium/nitrogen in the process allows using almost the whole cold in liquid nitrogen up to the stage where the medium/nitrogen is at ambient pressure and temperature.
  • An important advantage of the present invention is that the pre-cooler takes over a part of the cooling of the process gas. This allows to keep the temperature in the condenser in a range, which avoids freezing of the process gas at certain areas of the heat exchange surfaces. The temperature in all areas of the condenser can be maintained above the freezing temperature of the process gas so as to maintain a stable condensing process, which does not require any deicing from time to time.
  • nitrogen as cooling medium allows keeping the condenser temperature between the dew point and the freezing temperature of many gases, for which such cryocondensation according to the invention can be used, for example Ethylene, Argon, Propene, LNG, Butadiene, Dichloride-Methane, Styrene, or Formaldehyde.
  • a distribution controller can be used to distribute the extracted nitrogen to the pre-cooler and the by-pass line, in particular depending on the cooling required in the pre-cooler.
  • the value measured by a temperature sensor in the pre-cooler, in particular at the outlet of the pre-cooler, may be used to control the distribution of the extracted nitrogen by said distribution controller.
  • the invention also relates to a device for completely condensing a process gas, the device comprising:
  • the device according to the invention allows with simple equipment and tubing to use liquid nitrogen in a highly efficient way to completely condense a process gas by cryocondensation.
  • a by-pass line for guiding nitrogen from the extractor by-passing the pre-cooler to the nitrogen outlet.
  • This by-pass line allows making the nitrogen flow through the pre-cooler independent of the amount of nitrogen extracted from the cooling loop to keep the temperature in the pre-cooler in a desired range.
  • Another embodiment of the invention comprises a temperature sensor in the cooling loop upstream of the condenser, which is connected to a temperature controller for controlling the amount of liquid nitrogen flowing through the main heat exchanger, which feature allows to keep the temperature in the cooling loop constant or to adapt it to the varying requirements of the process, in particular when different amounts of process gas or process gas with a different initial temperature are introduced into the system.
  • Yet another embodiment of the invention comprises a pressure sensor in the cooling loop connected to a pressure controller for controlling the pressure in the cooling loop, in particular by controlling the volume per time of nitrogen extracted by the extractor.
  • This feature allows to keep the pressure in the cooling loop constant or to adapt it to certain requirements of the process, by controlling the amount of nitrogen circulating in the cooling loop. Moreover, it is a safety feature to avoid any overpressure in the cooling loop and its components.
  • a distribution controlling means to distribute the extracted nitrogen on the pre-cooler and the by-pass line depending on the required cooling in the pre-cooler.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic embodiment of a device for condensing a process gas according to the invention.
  • a process gas P is supplied to an inlet 1 and then guided through a pre-cooler 2 to a condenser 3.
  • the still gaseous process gas GP enters the condenser 3 through a condenser inlet 6.
  • the gaseous process gas GP comes into contact with heat exchange surfaces 5 such that it is completely condensed.
  • the resulting liquid product LP leaves the condensing chamber 4 through a condenser outlet 7 and is collected in a product container 8. From the product container 8 it can be pumped by a transport pump 9 to any point of further use or component.
  • the heat exchange surfaces 5 in the condensing chamber 4 are cooled by a cooling loop 10, in which gaseous nitrogen GAS is circulated as cooling medium.
  • a main heat exchanger 11 in the cooling loop 10 is used to cool down the circulating nitrogen GAS by feeding liquid nitrogen LIN through an inlet 12 for liquid nitrogen, into the main heat exchanger 11.
  • the liquid nitrogen LIN is vaporized in the main heat exchanger 11.
  • the resulting gaseous nitrogen is fed by a feeder 14 into the cooling loop 10 upstream of the main heat exchanger 10, whereby cooling down the nitrogen in the cooling loop 10.
  • a circulation pump 15 transports the gaseous nitrogen GAN in the cooling loop 10 following the direction as symbolized by arrows through the main heat exchanger 11 to the condenser 3, where it flows through the heat exchange surfaces 5, and then to an extractor 16, which extracts some of the gaseous nitrogen GAN from the cooling loop 10.
  • the extracted gaseous nitrogen GAN flows through a loop outlet 13 and a pre-cooling line 21 to the pre-cooler 2. Finally, the gaseous nitrogen GAS is guided to a cooling medium/nitrogen outlet 24 where it is released to the environment 25 or to an industrial network 26, in which it can be used for other purposes.
  • a temperature sensor 17 in the cooling loop 10 For controlling the temperature in the cooling loop 10 and especially at the inlet to the heat exchange surfaces 5 there is a temperature sensor 17 in the cooling loop 10.
  • This temperature sensor 17 is connected to a temperature controller 19, which controls the feeder 14and more specifically the amount of liquid nitrogen LIN fed into the cooling loop through inlet 12 for liquid nitrogen.
  • the cooling loop 10 also comprises a pressure sensor 18 connected to a pressure controller 20, which controls the extractor 16 so as to keep the pressure in the cooling loop 10 constant, in a desired range or at a desired level in function of the cooling requirements in the condenser 3.
  • a distribution controller 23 controlling appropriate valves in the pre-cooling line 21 and the by-pass line 22 allows distributing the nitrogen flow on both lines depending on the cooling required in the pre-cooler 2.
  • the present invention allows to completely condensate a process gas by using the cold of liquid nitrogen in three steps.
  • a main heat exchanger the phase change from liquid to gas is used.
  • the still very cold gas is introduced into the cooling loop, and in a final step the temperature difference between the cooling loop 10 after the heat exchange surfaces 5 in the condenser 3 compared to the environment is mostly used in a pre-cooler.
  • This highly efficient use of the cold allows using the process and the device according to the invention on an industrial scale for completely condensing a process gas.
  • a clean process gas in the sense of the present invention refers to a process gas which either contains only one chemical component or which is a mixture of chemical components substantially without undesired impurities and having similar condensation points, for example between -180 and 0° C, in particular the condensation points all being in an interval of 20 to 50° C in the above temperature range, so that the mixture can be fully condensed in a single step by condensing it on a cold surface having a temperature below the condensation point or a range of condensation points of the process gas at a given pressure, especially at atmospheric pressure.
EP14194689.7A 2014-11-25 2014-11-25 Procédé et dispositif pour condenser complètement un gaz de processus par cryo-condensation Withdrawn EP3026379A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14194689.7A EP3026379A1 (fr) 2014-11-25 2014-11-25 Procédé et dispositif pour condenser complètement un gaz de processus par cryo-condensation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14194689.7A EP3026379A1 (fr) 2014-11-25 2014-11-25 Procédé et dispositif pour condenser complètement un gaz de processus par cryo-condensation

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EP3026379A1 true EP3026379A1 (fr) 2016-06-01

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EP14194689.7A Withdrawn EP3026379A1 (fr) 2014-11-25 2014-11-25 Procédé et dispositif pour condenser complètement un gaz de processus par cryo-condensation

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109946054A (zh) * 2019-03-21 2019-06-28 中国科学院高能物理研究所 一种低温过冷循环系统及低温循环泵测试系统
EP3550238A1 (fr) 2018-04-05 2019-10-09 Waga Energy Procede de liquefaction de methane gazeux par vaporisation d'azote, installation de liquefaction du methane gazeux mettant en oeuvre le procede

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4141707A (en) * 1976-07-10 1979-02-27 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Cryogenic liquefaction
WO2008055804A1 (fr) 2006-11-10 2008-05-15 Air Liquide Deutschland Gmbh Procédé et dispositif pour la purification de gaz au moyen de la condensation partielle et procédé pour actionner le dispositif
EP1944074A1 (fr) * 2007-01-11 2008-07-16 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif de cryocondensation fractionnée
WO2009080678A2 (fr) * 2007-12-21 2009-07-02 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Procédé de production d'un flux d'hydrocarbures gazéifiés ; procédé de liquéfaction d'un flux d'hydrocarbures gazeux ; et procédé cyclique avec refroidissement et réchauffage d'un flux à base d'azote et avec liquéfaction et regazéification d'un flux d'hydrocarbures

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4141707A (en) * 1976-07-10 1979-02-27 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Cryogenic liquefaction
WO2008055804A1 (fr) 2006-11-10 2008-05-15 Air Liquide Deutschland Gmbh Procédé et dispositif pour la purification de gaz au moyen de la condensation partielle et procédé pour actionner le dispositif
EP1944074A1 (fr) * 2007-01-11 2008-07-16 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif de cryocondensation fractionnée
WO2009080678A2 (fr) * 2007-12-21 2009-07-02 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Procédé de production d'un flux d'hydrocarbures gazéifiés ; procédé de liquéfaction d'un flux d'hydrocarbures gazeux ; et procédé cyclique avec refroidissement et réchauffage d'un flux à base d'azote et avec liquéfaction et regazéification d'un flux d'hydrocarbures

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
ANONYMOUS: "Unit for the Recovery and Storage of Oxygen (URASO)", IP.COM JOURNAL, IP.COM INC., WEST HENRIETTA, NY, US, 15 March 2004 (2004-03-15), XP013014686, ISSN: 1533-0001 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3550238A1 (fr) 2018-04-05 2019-10-09 Waga Energy Procede de liquefaction de methane gazeux par vaporisation d'azote, installation de liquefaction du methane gazeux mettant en oeuvre le procede
CN109946054A (zh) * 2019-03-21 2019-06-28 中国科学院高能物理研究所 一种低温过冷循环系统及低温循环泵测试系统

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