EP3020058A1 - Circuit breaker with removable screen - Google Patents

Circuit breaker with removable screen

Info

Publication number
EP3020058A1
EP3020058A1 EP14736786.6A EP14736786A EP3020058A1 EP 3020058 A1 EP3020058 A1 EP 3020058A1 EP 14736786 A EP14736786 A EP 14736786A EP 3020058 A1 EP3020058 A1 EP 3020058A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
screen
contacts
circuit breaker
displacement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP14736786.6A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3020058B1 (en
Inventor
Alaa ALAMEDDINE
Valentin ESPIGARES
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
General Electric Technology GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Technology GmbH filed Critical General Electric Technology GmbH
Publication of EP3020058A1 publication Critical patent/EP3020058A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3020058B1 publication Critical patent/EP3020058B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/24—Means for preventing discharge to non-current-carrying parts, e.g. using corona ring
    • H01H33/245—Means for preventing discharge to non-current-carrying parts, e.g. using corona ring using movable field electrodes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of high voltage circuit breakers comprising a screen.
  • High-voltage circuit breakers must respond to a large number of constraints, some of which may be antagonistic to each other. Thus, these circuit breakers must in particular keep a good dielectric strength in the open position while having a maximized compactness.
  • Such a screen by interposing itself in the open position of the circuit breaker between one of the arcing contacts and the corresponding main contact, makes it possible to improve the distribution of the electric field between the arcing contacts and the main contacts in order to limit peaks of electric field gradients that can occur when reducing the size of the circuit breakers. Moreover, because of its removable nature, such a screen makes it possible not to influence the other characteristics of the circuit breaker such as, for example, the blowing capacity of the arc during the passage of a circuit breaker from the closed position to the open position. .
  • the invention more specifically relates to a removable screen circuit breaker.
  • Removable screen circuit breakers are in particular known from EP 0809269 A2.
  • a circuit breaker as described in this document has a so-called closed position in which it lets the current flow and a so-called open position in which it cuts the current and comprises:
  • first and second movable contacts in translation relative to one another so that in the closed position the first and second contacts are in electrical contact and in the open position the first and second contacts are at a distance from each other, the first and the second contacts being said arc contacts,
  • a third and a fourth contact electrically connected respectively to the first and second contacts, the third and fourth contacts being movable in translation relative to one another so that in the closed position the third and fourth contacts are in electrical contact; and that in the open position the third and fourth contacts are spaced apart from each other, the third and fourth contacts being said main contacts.
  • This same circuit breaker also includes a screen which comes, in the open position of the circuit breaker, as illustrated in the single figure of this document, to be inserted between one of the arcing contacts and the corresponding main contact.
  • Such a circuit breaker comprises for this purpose:
  • first moving securing means adapted to make the screen with the second contact in transit during the passage of the circuit breaker of the closed position in the open position, said securing means comprising at least one elastic stressing means
  • At least second moving securing means adapted to make the screen in motion together with the first contact during the passage of the circuit breaker from the closed position to the open position, this from a predefined position of the screen with respect to said contact, said second moving securing means inhibiting the first securing means by stressing the resilient biasing means.
  • the first securing means in displacement include:
  • first rod slidably mounted in a passage formed in a central body secured to the second contact, the first rod having a first end attached to the screen and a second end equipped with a first stop abutting the passage of the central body of to limit the distance between the screen and the second contact,
  • the elastic stressing means which is in compression when the first abutment is in abutment thus ensuring that the screen remains, without stress applied to the screen, at a constant distance between the screen and the second contact, and therefore that the screen is secured in displacement with the second contact.
  • the second securing means in displacement comprise a second mounted rod sliding in a passage arranged in a lifter secured to the first contact.
  • the second rod has a first end attached to the screen and a second end equipped with a second stop abutting the passage of the rudder so as to limit the minimum distance between the screen and the first contact.
  • This minimum distance predefined corresponds to a positioning of the screen relative to the first and third contact in which it is inserted between these two same contacts.
  • the screen being secured in displacement of the second contact, in a first step, during the passage of the circuit breaker from the closed position to the open position, the screen approaches the first and third contact as and when that the second contact moves away from the first contact.
  • the second abutment abuts with the rudder thus applying an additional stress on the elastic stress means by inhibiting the first securing means in displacement.
  • the screen thus becomes, in this second time, integral displacement with the first contact in a position relative to the latter in which it is inserted between the first and the third contact.
  • the electric field between the first and third contacts and the second and fourth contacts has an optimized distribution compared to a circuit breaker without a screen by limiting the high potential gradients which could be detrimental to the dielectric strength of the circuit-breaker.
  • circuit breaker makes it possible, particularly by placing the first and second stops along the first and second rod respectively, a precise adjustment of the displacement of the screen relative to the first, second, third and fourth contacts, however, it is a complex construction of the circuit breaker using many parts such as rods and the central body. These parts lead to an increased risk of damage to the circuit breaker and may be likely to cause, especially in the case of the central body, an internal ignition between the input / output of the circuit breaker.
  • the object of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a high-voltage circuit breaker with a removable screen which, while allowing adjustment of the displacement of the single screen, presents a design of the screen displacement system involving a number of reduced parts vis-à-vis a circuit breaker of the prior art.
  • the invention also aims to provide a high-voltage circuit breaker and removable screen which, while allowing adjustment of the displacement of the simple screen, has a risk of internal priming related to the reduced screen displacement system.
  • the invention relates to a high-voltage circuit breaker and removable screen, the circuit breaker having a so-called closed position in which it lets the current flow and a so-called open position in which it cuts the current and comprising:
  • first and second movable contacts in translation relative to one another so that in the closed position the first and second contacts are in electrical contact and in the open position the first and second contacts are at a distance from each other, the first and the second contacts being said arc contacts,
  • a third and a fourth contact electrically connected respectively to the first and second contacts, the third and fourth contacts being movable in translation relative to one another so that in the closed position the third and fourth contacts are in electrical contact and that in the open position the third and fourth contacts are at a distance from each other, the third and fourth contacts being said main contacts,
  • a screen arranged to be interposed between the first and the third contacts in the open position, said screen being mounted mobile in translation with respect to the first, second, third and fourth contacts,
  • the first securing means in motion, adapted to make the screen in motion together with one of the second and fourth contacts during the passage of the circuit breaker from the closed position to the open position, said securing means comprising at least one elastic stressing means,
  • At least second securing means in displacement adapted to make integral in displacement the screen with a contact between the first and third contact during the passage of the circuit breaker from the closed position to the open position this from a predefined position of the screen with respect to said contact, said second moving securing means inhibiting the first moving securing means by stressing the elastic stressing means,
  • the second displacement securing means comprising at least a first stop arranged on said contact among the first and the third contact and a first abutment arranged on the screen which are adapted to cooperate mechanically with each other.
  • Such second displacement securing means allow, in a manner similar to that of a circuit breaker as described in document FR 2953639, the circuit breaker to present a kinematic movement of the screen when the circuit breaker is moved from the closed position to the optimized open position, which can be easily adapted when designing the circuit-breaker.
  • the displacement system is simplified compared to a circuit breaker according to the same document since it is no longer necessary to provide a rod between the screen and the rudder on which is present a stop.
  • the design and assembly of the circuit breaker are simplified compared to a circuit breaker of the prior art and furthermore the weight of the circuit breaker is reduced compared to a circuit breaker of the prior art comprising a circuit breaker. such screen.
  • Such simplification by reducing the number of parts involved in moving the screen, also reduces the risk of internal boot related to the screen displacement system.
  • the first constraint means may further comprise at least one second abutment integral in displacement at the second contact and which is adapted to abut on a second abutment arranged on the screen so as to constrain the elastic stress means.
  • Such a second stop by a potential installation on a part of the circuit breaker secured to the second contact, such as the nozzle, allows further simplification vis-à-vis a circuit breaker of the prior art.
  • Such a second stop therefore allows a simpler design and circuit breaker assembly compared with a circuit breaker of the prior art having a removable screen and the provision of a circuit breaker with a reduced weight vis-à-vis a circuit breaker. prior art.
  • the second stop is formed of at least one integral member moving with the second contact, said member being housed in a guide arranged on the screen which comprises a first and a second end respectively forming the second and third abutment for the organ.
  • Such a combination between an integral member moving to the second contact and such a guide arranged on the screen provides a first means of securing in displacement which limits the relative movements of the screen vis-à-vis the second contact
  • the guide may comprise a groove in the screen in which the member slides, the two ends of said groove being closed so as to limit the relative movements accessible for the screen relative to the second contact.
  • Such a groove makes it possible to provide a guide for the body which is relatively simple without the presence of such a guide inducing an increase in the mass of the circuit breaker.
  • the circuit breaker may extend along a longitudinal axis, the relative displacements in translation of the first and second contacts and the third and fourth contacts being axial displacements, the screen being mounted mobile in translation relative to the first, second, third and fourth contacts along the longitudinal axis.
  • the predefined position of the screen from which the screen is secured in movement with one of the first and third contacts may be a position in which the respective ends of the first and third contacts and the screen which are next to the second contact are at the same axial dimension.
  • Such a predefined position of the screen allows the latter to be interposed between the first and the second contact with the respective ends of the first and third contact and the screen which are opposite the second contact substantially in the same orthogonal plane to the longitudinal axis.
  • Such a position is particularly suitable for improving the distribution of the electromagnetic field with respect to the first and third contacts.
  • the predefined position of the screen from which the screen is secured in displacement with one of the first and third contacts may be a position in which the end of the screen which is opposite the second contact is shifted in the direction of the second contact relative to the same ends of the first and third contacts.
  • the first and third contacts can be secured in displacement, the second and fourth contacts being integral in displacement.
  • the first stop can be arranged on the third contact.
  • Such displacement is particularly adapted so that the system of displacement of the screen does not cause a degradation of the blowing of an arc forming between the first and the second contact during the passage of the circuit breaker from the open position to the closed position .
  • the third contact does not have to be arranged, unlike the first contact in a usual configuration of a circuit breaker, to translate into a blowing nozzle.
  • a first stop arranged on the third contact it it is not necessary to adapt the blowing nozzle to take into account a stop arranged on the first contact.
  • the blowing nozzle can be optimized to blow such an arc without having to take into account such a stop.
  • a blowing nozzle adapted to promote the blowing of an arc formed between the first and the second contact during the passage of the circuit breaker from the closed position to the open position, said blowing nozzle being secured to the second contact, the screen being secured to said blowing nozzle by the first securing means in displacement.
  • FIGS. 1a and 1b respectively illustrate an external view and a view in longitudinal section along the axis A-A of FIG. 1a of an example of a circuit breaker according to the invention in the closed position
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a sectional view along the axis A-A of the circuit breaker illustrated in FIGS. 1a and 1b in an open position;
  • Figure 3 illustrates a sectional view along the axis AA of the circuit breaker illustrated in Figures la, lb and 2 in the intermediate position between the closed position and the open position.
  • the different parts shown in the figures are not necessarily in a uniform scale, to make the figures more readable.
  • FIGs la and lb illustrate a high voltage circuit breaker 1 according to the invention.
  • Such a circuit breaker 1 has a so-called closed position, illustrated in Figure lb, in which it passes the current and a so-called open position, illustrated in Figure 2, in which it cuts the current.
  • the circuit breaker 1 extends along a longitudinal axis with a cylindrical outer envelope.
  • Such a circuit breaker 1 comprises:
  • first and second contacts 10, 20 movable in translation relative to each other so that in the closed position the first and the second contact 10, 20 are in electrical contact and in the open position the first and the second contact 10, 20 at a distance from each other, the first and second contacts 10, 20 being said arcing contacts,
  • a third and a fourth contact 30, 40 electrically connected respectively to the first and second contacts 10, 20, the third and fourth contacts 30, 40 being translatable relative to one another so that in the closed position the third and the fourth contact 30, 40 are in electrical contact and that in the open position the third and the fourth contact 30, 40 are at a distance one of the other, the third and fourth contacts 30, 40 being said main contacts,
  • a blast nozzle 50 adapted to promote the blowing of an arc formed between the first and second contacts 10, 20 during the passage of the circuit breaker from the closed position to the open position
  • a screen 60 arranged to be interposed between the first and third contacts 10, 30 in the open position, said screen 60 being mounted in translation with respect to the first, second, third and fourth contacts 10, 20, 30 , 40.
  • the first and second contacts 10, 20 both extend in the center of the circuit breaker along the longitudinal axis of the circuit breaker 1.
  • the first contact 10 has a generally cylindrical shape with the base opposite the second contact 20 in the shape of a half-sphere.
  • the first contact 10 is mounted to move in translation along the longitudinal axis of the circuit breaker 1 by means of a rod 11 which extends it in the direction opposite to the second contact 20.
  • the second contact 20 has a generally tulip shape adapted to receive the first contact 10.
  • the second contact 20 thus comprises a plurality of elastic and conductive strips 21 delimiting a reception cavity of the first contact 10 s' opening towards the first contact 10 and extending along the longitudinal axis of the circuit breaker 1.
  • the second contact 20 is surrounded by a cover 25 of revolution also delimiting a passage for the first contact 10 so as to allow the introduction of the first contact 10 into the reception cavity of the second contact 20.
  • the second contact 20 and the cover 25 are both attached to the blast nozzle 50.
  • the blast nozzle 50 has a symmetry of revolution about the longitudinal axis of the circuit breaker 1 and comprises a passage cavity 51 adapted for the passage of the first contact 10.
  • the passage cavity 51 of the blast nozzle 50 comprises a central zone whose inner diameter is slightly greater than that of the reception cavity of the second contact 20 and two lateral zones respectively corresponding to the first and second contact. 10, 20, which are flared with respect to the central zone.
  • the second contact 20 and blow nozzle assembly 50 is moved in the circuit breaker 1 by means of a spreader 55 connected to the blow nozzle 50 at its end of the lateral zone corresponding to the second contact 20 to a guide cylinder 56.
  • This lifter 55 is moved relatively to the outer casing of the circuit breaker 1 by means of a rod and a rod, according to a principle similar to that described in document FR 2953639.
  • the blast nozzle 50 is fixed at its end of the lateral zone corresponding to the second contact 20 to a guide cylinder 56.
  • the guide cylinder 56 has a symmetry of revolution with a first part extending perpendicular to the longitudinal axis from the blowing nozzle 50 towards the outside of the circuit breaker 1 and by which it is fixed to the blast nozzle 50 and a second part which extends axially around the blast nozzle 50 from the first part towards the blast nozzle 50; Second contact 20.
  • the guide cylinder 56 has, as illustrated in Figure lb, an inverted L-shaped section.
  • the guide cylinder 56 has on its second part two fixing orifices 26 accommodating and each fixing a member 57 forming a second abutment.
  • Each member 57 extends substantially perpendicular to the outside of the circuit breaker 1.
  • Each member 57 has a generally cylindrical shape.
  • Each of the members 57 is housed in a corresponding guide groove 61 which is arranged in the screen 60.
  • the screen 60 has the general shape of a hollow cylinder with an inside diameter greater than the maximum diameter of the first contact 10.
  • the screen 60 comprises, at the end of the screen 60 which is opposite the second contact 20, a curvature towards the interior of the circuit breaker 1.
  • the screen 60 is formed of a material adapted to isolate the first contact 10 of the third contact 30 such as a material with a high dielectric or metallic constant.
  • the screen 60 is mounted mobile in translation with respect to the first contact 10 along the longitudinal axis of the circuit breaker 1. In this way, the screen 60 is mounted to move in translation opposite first, second, third and fourth contacts 10, 20, 30, 40.
  • the screen 60 has two guide grooves 61 each receiving one of the members 57 attached to the guide cylinder 56, and extending substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the circuit breaker 1.
  • Each of the guide grooves 61 is a groove arranged over the entire thickness of the screen and which is therefore through.
  • Such a housing members 57 in the guide grooves 61 of the screen 60 ensures that the screen 60 can translate relative to the guide cylinder 56, and therefore the second contact 20, a distance corresponding to the length guide grooves 61.
  • the ends 61a, 61b of each of the guide grooves 61 form second and third abutments for the corresponding member 57.
  • the screen 60 is secured in displacement with the blast nozzle 50, and therefore with the second contact 20, by means of two springs 58 adapted to constrain the screen 60 so as to put the members 57 in abutment on the end 61b of the corresponding guide groove 61 which is opposed to the second contact 20.
  • the forces of stress are provided by a sizing of the springs 58 adapted so that they are in compression when the members 57 are abutting on the ends 61b opposite the second contact 20 of the corresponding guide grooves 61.
  • the two springs 58 are each fixed by one of their ends to the screen 60, and, for the other of their ends, to the spreader 55.
  • the spreader 55 comprises a longitudinal housing for each of the springs 58 so as to keep them in place during the manufacture of the circuit breaker 1.
  • the guide cylinder 56, the members 57, the guide grooves 61 formed in the screen 60, the springs 58 form means of securing in displacement adapted to make the screen 60 integral with one of the second and fourth contacts 20, 40 during the passage of the circuit breaker 1 from the closed position to the open position.
  • Each spring 58 forms a means of elastic stress.
  • the screen 60 also has two projections 62 each adapted to counter-abut against a stop of the third contact. Such projection extends from the outer surface of the screen 60 towards the third contact 30, that is to say opposite to the longitudinal axis of the circuit breaker 1.
  • Each of the two projections 62 is positioned at one of the guide grooves 61 by extending the end 61b of said guide groove 61 which is opposed to the second contact 20.
  • the surface of each of said projections 62 on which a stop of the third contact 30 abuts is opposite the second and fourth contacts 20, 40.
  • the third contact 30 comprises a body of generally hollow cylinder whose internal diameter is greater than the outer diameter of the screen 60.
  • the third contact 30 also comprises a plurality of flexible strips 31 and conductive adapted to be, when the circuit breaker 1 is in the closed position, in contact with the fourth contact.
  • the third contact is secured in displacement with the first contact 10 this by a mounting of the rod supporting the first contact 10 on the third contact 30.
  • the end of the third contact 30 and that of the first contact 10 which are opposite the second contact 20 are substantially in a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the circuit breaker 1, that is to say that said ends of the first and third contacts 10, 30 have the same axial dimension.
  • the third contact 30 comprises two cylindrical pieces 32 forming first stops and arranged to abut each on one of the projections 62 of the screen 60. Each of these cylindrical pieces 32 is disposed in a respective orifice arranged on the third contact So that each of the cylindrical pieces 32 extends from the third contact 30 towards the longitudinal axis of the circuit breaker 1.
  • the cylindrical parts 32 are arranged on the third contact 30, so that they abut on the projections 62 of the screen 60 when the screen 60 penetrates the plane defined by the ends of the first and third contacts 10, 30 which are opposite the second contact 20.
  • the cylindrical parts 32 abut the projections 62 of the screen 60 when the latter has its end which is opposite the second contact 20 at the same dimension axial that the ends facing the respective second contact 20 of the first and the third contact 10, 30.
  • the abutment of the cylindrical parts 32 constrains the screen 60 to a relative position in which its end facing the second contact 20 is at the same dimension as the same ends of the first and third contacts 10, 30 this by a stress applied to the springs 58 which inhibits the stress of the springs 58 linked to the relative displacement of the second contact 20.
  • the screen in this relative position of the screen 60 with respect to the first and the second contact 10, 20, the screen is made integral. in displacement of the first and third contact 10, 30 and the first securing means are inhibited by a stressing of the springs 58. In such a relative position, the screen is interposed between the first and the third contact and allows to improve the distribution of the electric field between the first and third contacts 10, 30.
  • the relative position of the screen 60 with respect to the first and third contacts 10, 30 when the cylindrical parts 32 abut the projections 62 of the screen 60 may be different so that the end of the screen 60 that is in the second contact 20 is positioned forwardly vis-à-vis the same ends of the first and the third contact 10, 30.
  • the cylindrical pieces 57 and the projections 62 of the screen 60 form second securing means adapted to move the screen 60 in motion together with a contact between the first and third contacts 10, 30 during the passage of the circuit breaker 1. the closed position at the open position this from a predefined position of the screen 60 with respect to said contact 10, 30.
  • the flexible strips 31 of the third contact 30 are adapted to, when the circuit breaker 1 is in the closed position, rest on the outer surface of the fourth contact 40 so as to ensure electrical contact between the third and the fourth contact 30, 40 .
  • the fourth contact 40 has the general shape of a hollow cylinder with an inside diameter greater than the outside diameter of the second contact 20 and the blast nozzle 50.
  • the fourth contact 40 is secured in displacement with the second contact 20 by mounting on the blow nozzle 50 which is itself mounted integral with the second contact 20.
  • the various elements of the circuit breaker 1 are moved as follows.
  • the first and third contacts 10, 30 are translated relative to the second and fourth contacts 20, 40 so as to separate them from the latter and cut off the electrical contact between the first and second contacts 10, 20 and between the third and fourth contact 30, 40.
  • the screen 60 is during this first phase made integral with the second contact 20 by the stress applied by the springs 58 which abuts the members 57 on the end 61b of the guide groove
  • the screen 60 is, at the same time as the second and the fourth contacts 20, 40, translated relative to the first and third contacts 10, 30 closer to them.
  • the cylindrical parts 32 return in abutment with the projections 62 of the screen 60 and thus stress the springs 58 to inhibit the first securing means.
  • the screen 60 remains in the same position relative to the first and third contacts 10, 30 in which it is inserted between these two latter.
  • the screen 60 is made integral in displacement with the first and the third contact 10, 30 and remains interposed between the first and the third contact 10, 30 when the circuit breaker arrives in the open position.
  • the screen 60 makes it possible to improve the distribution of the electric field between the first and third contacts 10, in a manner similar to the improvement observed in the document FR 2953639.
  • the passage of the circuit breaker 1 from the open position to the closed position is also in two phases according to a similar principle.
  • a first phase the cylindrical pieces 32 remain in abutment by a plating of the screen 60 by the springs 58, the screen 60 thus remaining integral in displacement of the first and third contacts 10, 30.
  • the members 57 abut on the end 61b of the corresponding guide grooves 61 which is opposite to the second contact 20.
  • the first moving securing means are no longer inhibited, the screen 60 becomes integral in displacement of the second contact 20 and away from the first and third contacts 10, 30 as the second contact and the fourth contact 20, 40 are moved in contact respectively with the first and the third contact 10, 30.
  • the screen 60 is thus in the closed position of the circuit breaker 1 away from the extinction cavity and without the risk of influencing the s blowing the arc when opening the circuit breaker 1 next time.
  • the first and third contacts 10, 30 are integral in displacement and the second and fourth contacts 20, 40 are also integral in displacement
  • the principle of the invention can also s' adapt on circuit breakers having a kinematic opening and closing in which the first and the third contact 10, 30 are not integral displacement and / or the second and fourth contact 20, 40 are not integral displacement, this without that we leave the scope of the invention.
  • the second securing means are adapted so that the screen is integral in displacement with respect to one of the first and third contacts 10, 30 to from a position relative to said contact adapted so that the screen is inserted between the first and third contacts 10, 30 in the open position.
  • the first stop can also be arranged on the first contact 10 instead of being arranged on the third contact 30, this without departing from the scope of the invention.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-voltage circuit breaker (1) with a removable screen (60), the circuit breaker (1) having a closed position and an open position and comprising first and second contacts (10, 20) that are translatable relative to one other, and third and fourth contacts (30, 40) that are also translatable relative to one another. The circuit breaker (1) further comprises a screen (60) arranged to be intercalated between the first and third contacts (10, 30), at least first means for rigidly connecting in terms of movement with one of the second and third contacts (20, 30) and at least second means for rigidly connecting in terms of movement suitable for rigidly connecting the screen (60) in terms of movement with one of the first and third contacts (10, 30), said second means for rigidly connecting in terms of movement inhibiting the first rigid connecting means from a predefined position of the screen (60). The second means for rigidly connecting in terms of movement comprise at least one first stop arranged on said contact (30) and a first counter-stop arranged on the screen (60).

Description

DISJONCTEUR A ECRAN AMOVIBLE  REMOVABLE SCREEN BREAKER
DESCRIPTIONDESCRIPTION
DOMAINE TECHNIQUE TECHNICAL AREA
L' invention se rapporte au domaine des disjoncteurs à haute tension comportant un écran. The invention relates to the field of high voltage circuit breakers comprising a screen.
Les disjoncteurs à haute tension doivent répondre à un nombre important de contraintes dont certaines peuvent être antagonistes entre elles. Ainsi, ces disjoncteurs doivent notamment garder une bonne tenue diélectrique en position ouverte ceci tout en présentant une compacité maximisée.  High-voltage circuit breakers must respond to a large number of constraints, some of which may be antagonistic to each other. Thus, these circuit breakers must in particular keep a good dielectric strength in the open position while having a maximized compactness.
Afin de répondre à de telles contraintes, il a été développé des disjoncteurs à haute tension comportant un écran amovible.  In order to respond to such constraints, high-voltage circuit breakers with a removable screen have been developed.
Un tel écran, en s ' intercalant en position ouverte du disjoncteur entre l'un des contacts d'arc et le contact principal correspondant, permet d'améliorer la répartition du champ électrique entre les contacts d'arc et les contacts principaux afin de limiter les pics de gradients de champs électriques qui peuvent apparaître lorsque l'on réduit la taille des disjoncteurs. De plus, en raison de son caractère amovible, un tel écran permet de ne pas influencer les autres caractéristiques du disjoncteur telles que par exemple la capacité de soufflage de l'arc lors du passage d'un disjoncteur de la position fermée à la position ouverte.  Such a screen, by interposing itself in the open position of the circuit breaker between one of the arcing contacts and the corresponding main contact, makes it possible to improve the distribution of the electric field between the arcing contacts and the main contacts in order to limit peaks of electric field gradients that can occur when reducing the size of the circuit breakers. Moreover, because of its removable nature, such a screen makes it possible not to influence the other characteristics of the circuit breaker such as, for example, the blowing capacity of the arc during the passage of a circuit breaker from the closed position to the open position. .
Ainsi, l'invention concerne plus précisément un disjoncteur à écran amovible. ÉTAT DE LA TECHNIQUE ANTÉRIEURE Thus, the invention more specifically relates to a removable screen circuit breaker. STATE OF THE PRIOR ART
Les disjoncteurs à écran amovible sont notamment connus du document EP 0809269 A2. Un disjoncteur tel que décrit dans ce document présente une position dite fermée dans laquelle il laisse passer le courant et une position dite ouverte dans laquelle il coupe le courant et comprend : Removable screen circuit breakers are in particular known from EP 0809269 A2. A circuit breaker as described in this document has a so-called closed position in which it lets the current flow and a so-called open position in which it cuts the current and comprises:
un premier et un deuxième contact mobiles en translation l'un par rapport à l'autre de manière que dans la position fermée le premier et le deuxième contact sont en contact électrique et que dans la position ouverte le premier et le deuxième contact sont à distance l'un de l'autre, le premier et le deuxième contact étant dits contacts d'arc,  first and second movable contacts in translation relative to one another so that in the closed position the first and second contacts are in electrical contact and in the open position the first and second contacts are at a distance from each other, the first and the second contacts being said arc contacts,
- un troisième et un quatrième contact reliés électriquement avec respectivement le premier et le deuxième contact, le troisième et le quatrième contact étant mobiles en translation l'un par rapport de manière que dans la position fermée le troisième et le quatrième contact sont en contact électrique et que dans la position ouverte le troisième et le quatrième contact sont à distance l'un par rapport à l'autre, le troisième et le quatrième contact étant dits contacts principaux.  a third and a fourth contact electrically connected respectively to the first and second contacts, the third and fourth contacts being movable in translation relative to one another so that in the closed position the third and fourth contacts are in electrical contact; and that in the open position the third and fourth contacts are spaced apart from each other, the third and fourth contacts being said main contacts.
Ce même disjoncteur comporte également un écran qui vient, en position ouverte du disjoncteur, comme cela est illustré sur l'unique figure de ce document, s'intercaler entre l'un des contacts d'arc et le contact principal correspondant.  This same circuit breaker also includes a screen which comes, in the open position of the circuit breaker, as illustrated in the single figure of this document, to be inserted between one of the arcing contacts and the corresponding main contact.
Le caractère amovible d'un tel écran est fourni par un montage en translation de l'écran vis-à- vis des premier, deuxième, troisième et quatrième contacts et par une connexion mécanique à la bielle qui entraîne en déplacement les contacts du disjoncteur. On obtient ainsi un mouvement de l'écran corrélé au déplacement des contacts et donc au passage du disjoncteur de la position fermée à la position ouverte . The removable nature of such a screen is provided by a translation mount of the screen vis-à- screw first, second, third and fourth contacts and a mechanical connection to the connecting rod which drives the contacts of the circuit breaker. This gives a movement of the screen correlated to the displacement of the contacts and therefore to the passage of the circuit breaker from the closed position to the open position.
Si une telle configuration d'un disjoncteur permet la fourniture d'un disjoncteur à haute tension avec un écran qui est amovible, il présente néanmoins l'inconvénient d'être relativement complexe à mettre en œuvre. En effet, la cinématique de déplacement de l'écran dans un tel système doit être parfaitement contrôlée pour que l'écran vienne, lorsque le disjoncteur passe en position ouverte, s'intercaler entre l'un des contacts d'arc et le contact principal correspondant, alors qu'il est en retrait ceci sans que cela n'affecte l'équilibre de la bielle.  If such a configuration of a circuit breaker allows the supply of a high-voltage circuit breaker with a screen that is removable, it nevertheless has the disadvantage of being relatively complex to implement. Indeed, the motion kinematics of the screen in such a system must be perfectly controlled for the screen to come, when the circuit breaker goes into the open position, to be interposed between one of the arcing contacts and the main contact. corresponding, while it is indented this without affecting the balance of the connecting rod.
Afin d'améliorer le contrôle du déplacement de l'écran vis-à-vis des contacts du disjoncteur, il est connu du document FR 2953639 Al, de rendre solidaire en déplacement l'écran avec certains des contacts ceci durant au moins une partie du passage du disjoncteur de la position fermée à la position ouverte.  In order to improve the control of the displacement of the screen with respect to the contacts of the circuit-breaker, it is known from document FR 2953639 A1, to make the screen with some of the contacts in motion while traveling for at least part of the circuit breaker from closed to open.
Ainsi un tel disjoncteur comporte à cet effet :  Thus, such a circuit breaker comprises for this purpose:
des premiers moyens de solidarisation en déplacement adaptés pour rendre solidaire en déplacement l'écran avec le deuxième contact pendant le passage du disjoncteur de la position fermée à la position ouverte, lesdits moyens de solidarisation comprenant au moins un moyen de contrainte élastique, first moving securing means adapted to make the screen with the second contact in transit during the passage of the circuit breaker of the closed position in the open position, said securing means comprising at least one elastic stressing means,
au moins des deuxièmes moyens de solidarisation en déplacement adaptés pour rendre solidaire en déplacement l'écran avec le premier contact lors du passage du disjoncteur de la position fermée à la position ouverte ceci à partir d'une position prédéfinie de l'écran par rapport audit contact, lesdits deuxièmes moyens de solidarisation en déplacement inhibant les premiers moyens de solidarisation par une mise en contrainte du moyen de contrainte élastique.  at least second moving securing means adapted to make the screen in motion together with the first contact during the passage of the circuit breaker from the closed position to the open position, this from a predefined position of the screen with respect to said contact, said second moving securing means inhibiting the first securing means by stressing the resilient biasing means.
Les premiers moyens de solidarisation en déplacement comprennent :  The first securing means in displacement include:
une première tige montée coulissante dans un passage aménagé dans un corps central solidaire du deuxième contact, la première tige présentant une première extrémité fixée à l'écran et une deuxième extrémité équipée d'une première butée venant en butée sur le passage du corps central de manière à limiter la distance entre l'écran et le deuxième contact,  a first rod slidably mounted in a passage formed in a central body secured to the second contact, the first rod having a first end attached to the screen and a second end equipped with a first stop abutting the passage of the central body of to limit the distance between the screen and the second contact,
le moyen de contrainte élastique, qui est en compression lorsque la première butée est en butée assurant ainsi que l'écran reste, sans contrainte appliquée sur l'écran, à une distance constante entre l'écran et le deuxième contact, et donc que l'écran soit solidaire en déplacement avec le deuxième contact.  the elastic stressing means, which is in compression when the first abutment is in abutment thus ensuring that the screen remains, without stress applied to the screen, at a constant distance between the screen and the second contact, and therefore that the screen is secured in displacement with the second contact.
Les deuxièmes moyens de solidarisation en déplacement comprennent une deuxième tige montée coulissante dans un passage aménagé dans un palonnier solidaire du premier contact. La deuxième tige comporte une première extrémité fixée à l'écran et une deuxième extrémité équipée d'une deuxième butée venant butée sur le passage du palonnier de manière à limiter la distance minimale entre l'écran et le premier contact. Cette distance minimale prédéfinie, correspond à un positionnement de l'écran par rapport au premier et au troisième contact dans lequel il s'intercale entre ces deux mêmes contacts. The second securing means in displacement comprise a second mounted rod sliding in a passage arranged in a lifter secured to the first contact. The second rod has a first end attached to the screen and a second end equipped with a second stop abutting the passage of the rudder so as to limit the minimum distance between the screen and the first contact. This minimum distance predefined, corresponds to a positioning of the screen relative to the first and third contact in which it is inserted between these two same contacts.
Ainsi en fonctionnement, l'écran étant solidaire en déplacement du deuxième contact, dans un premier temps, lors du passage du disjoncteur de la position fermée à la position ouverte, l'écran se rapproche du premier et du troisième contact au fur et à mesure que le deuxième contact s'éloigne du premier contact. Lorsque l'écran atteint une position prédéfinie par la deuxième butée, la deuxième butée vient en butée avec le palonnier appliquant ainsi une contrainte supplémentaire sur le moyen de contrainte élastique en inhibant le premier moyen de solidarisation en déplacement. L'écran devient ainsi, dans ce deuxième temps, solidaire en déplacement avec le premier contact dans une position par rapport à ce dernier dans laquelle il s'intercale entre le premier et le troisième contact. Dans une telle position, le champ électrique entre les premier et troisième contacts et les deuxième et quatrième contacts présente une répartition optimisée par rapport à un disjoncteur sans écran en limitant les forts gradients de potentiel qui pourraient être préjudiciables à la tenue diélectrique du disjoncteur. Thus in operation, the screen being secured in displacement of the second contact, in a first step, during the passage of the circuit breaker from the closed position to the open position, the screen approaches the first and third contact as and when that the second contact moves away from the first contact. When the screen reaches a predetermined position by the second stop, the second abutment abuts with the rudder thus applying an additional stress on the elastic stress means by inhibiting the first securing means in displacement. The screen thus becomes, in this second time, integral displacement with the first contact in a position relative to the latter in which it is inserted between the first and the third contact. In such a position, the electric field between the first and third contacts and the second and fourth contacts has an optimized distribution compared to a circuit breaker without a screen by limiting the high potential gradients which could be detrimental to the dielectric strength of the circuit-breaker.
Si un tel disjoncteur permet, de par notamment le placement de la première et la deuxième butée le long de respectivement la première et la deuxième tige, un réglage précis du déplacement de l'écran par rapport aux premier, deuxième, troisième et quatrième contacts, il s'agit néanmoins d'une construction complexe du disjoncteur faisant appel à de nombreuses pièces telles que les tiges et le corps central. Ces pièces entraînent un risque accru d' endommagement du disjoncteur et peuvent être susceptibles d'engendrer, notamment dans le cas du corps central, un amorçage interne entre les entrée- sortie du disjoncteur.  If such a circuit breaker makes it possible, particularly by placing the first and second stops along the first and second rod respectively, a precise adjustment of the displacement of the screen relative to the first, second, third and fourth contacts, however, it is a complex construction of the circuit breaker using many parts such as rods and the central body. These parts lead to an increased risk of damage to the circuit breaker and may be likely to cause, especially in the case of the central body, an internal ignition between the input / output of the circuit breaker.
EXPOSÉ DE L' INVENTION STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION
L' invention vise à remédier à ces inconvénients . The object of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks.
L' invention a plus précisément pour but de fournir un disjoncteur à haute tension et à écran amovible qui, tout en autorisant un réglage du déplacement de l'écran simple, présente une conception du système de déplacement de l'écran faisant intervenir un nombre de pièces réduit vis-à-vis d'un disjoncteur de l'art antérieur.  More specifically, the object of the invention is to provide a high-voltage circuit breaker with a removable screen which, while allowing adjustment of the displacement of the single screen, presents a design of the screen displacement system involving a number of reduced parts vis-à-vis a circuit breaker of the prior art.
L' invention a également pour but de fournir un disjoncteur à haute tension et à écran amovible qui, tout en autorisant un réglage du déplacement de l'écran simple, présente un risque d'amorçage interne lié au système de déplacement de l'écran réduit. A cet effet, l'invention concerne un disjoncteur à haute tension et à écran amovible, le disjoncteur présentant une position dite fermée dans laquelle il laisse passer le courant et une position dite ouverte dans laquelle il coupe le courant et comprenant : The invention also aims to provide a high-voltage circuit breaker and removable screen which, while allowing adjustment of the displacement of the simple screen, has a risk of internal priming related to the reduced screen displacement system. . To this end, the invention relates to a high-voltage circuit breaker and removable screen, the circuit breaker having a so-called closed position in which it lets the current flow and a so-called open position in which it cuts the current and comprising:
un premier et un deuxième contact mobiles en translation l'un par rapport à l'autre de manière que dans la position fermée le premier et le deuxième contact sont en contact électrique et que dans la position ouverte le premier et le deuxième contact sont à distance l'un de l'autre, le premier et le deuxième contact étant dits contacts d'arc,  first and second movable contacts in translation relative to one another so that in the closed position the first and second contacts are in electrical contact and in the open position the first and second contacts are at a distance from each other, the first and the second contacts being said arc contacts,
un troisième et un quatrième contact reliés électriquement avec respectivement le premier et le deuxième contact, le troisième et le quatrième contact étant mobiles en translation l'un par rapport à l'autre de manière que dans la position fermée le troisième et le quatrième contact sont en contact électrique et que dans la position ouverte le troisième et le quatrième contact sont à distance l'un de l'autre, le troisième et le quatrième contact étant dits contacts principaux,  a third and a fourth contact electrically connected respectively to the first and second contacts, the third and fourth contacts being movable in translation relative to one another so that in the closed position the third and fourth contacts are in electrical contact and that in the open position the third and fourth contacts are at a distance from each other, the third and fourth contacts being said main contacts,
un écran agencé pour s'intercaler entre le premier et le troisième contact dans la position ouverte, ledit écran étant monté mobile en translation vis-à-vis des premier, deuxième, troisième et quatrième contacts,  a screen arranged to be interposed between the first and the third contacts in the open position, said screen being mounted mobile in translation with respect to the first, second, third and fourth contacts,
au moins des premiers moyens de solidarisation en déplacement, adaptés pour rendre solidaire en déplacement l'écran avec l'un des deuxième et quatrième contacts pendant le passage du disjoncteur de la position fermée à la position ouverte, lesdits moyens de solidarisation comprenant au moins un moyen de contrainte élastique, at least one of the first securing means in motion, adapted to make the screen in motion together with one of the second and fourth contacts during the passage of the circuit breaker from the closed position to the open position, said securing means comprising at least one elastic stressing means,
- au moins des deuxièmes moyens de solidarisation en déplacement, adaptés pour rendre solidaire en déplacement l'écran avec un contact parmi le premier et troisième contact lors du passage du disjoncteur de la position fermée à la position ouverte ceci à partir d'une position prédéfinie de l'écran par rapport audit contact, lesdits deuxièmes moyens de solidarisation en déplacement inhibant les premier moyens de solidarisation en déplacement par une mise en contrainte du moyen de contrainte élastique,  - At least second securing means in displacement, adapted to make integral in displacement the screen with a contact between the first and third contact during the passage of the circuit breaker from the closed position to the open position this from a predefined position of the screen with respect to said contact, said second moving securing means inhibiting the first moving securing means by stressing the elastic stressing means,
les deuxièmes moyens de solidarisation en déplacement comportant au moins une première butée aménagée sur ledit contact parmi le premier et le troisième contact et une première contre-butée aménagée sur l'écran qui sont adaptées pour coopérer mécaniquement l'une avec l'autre.  the second displacement securing means comprising at least a first stop arranged on said contact among the first and the third contact and a first abutment arranged on the screen which are adapted to cooperate mechanically with each other.
De tels deuxièmes moyens de solidarisation en déplacement permettent, de manière similaire à ceux d'un disjoncteur tel que décrit dans le document FR 2953639, au disjoncteur de présenter une cinématique de déplacement de l'écran lorsque le disjoncteur est déplacé de la position fermée à la position ouverte optimisée et qui peut être aisément adaptée lors de la conception du disjoncteur. De plus, le système de déplacement s'en trouve simplifié par rapport à un disjoncteur selon ce même document puisqu'il n'est plus nécessaire de prévoir une tige entre l'écran et le palonnier sur laquelle est présente une butée. La conception et le montage du disjoncteur s'en trouvent simplifiés par rapport à un disjoncteur de l'art antérieur et de plus le poids du disjoncteur s'en trouve réduit vis-à-vis d'un disjoncteur de l'art antérieur comportant un tel écran. Une telle simplification, en réduisant le nombre de pièces mises en jeu lors du déplacement de l'écran, induit également une diminution des risques d'amorçage interne liés au système de déplacement de l'écran. Such second displacement securing means allow, in a manner similar to that of a circuit breaker as described in document FR 2953639, the circuit breaker to present a kinematic movement of the screen when the circuit breaker is moved from the closed position to the optimized open position, which can be easily adapted when designing the circuit-breaker. In addition, the displacement system is simplified compared to a circuit breaker according to the same document since it is no longer necessary to provide a rod between the screen and the rudder on which is present a stop. The design and assembly of the circuit breaker are simplified compared to a circuit breaker of the prior art and furthermore the weight of the circuit breaker is reduced compared to a circuit breaker of the prior art comprising a circuit breaker. such screen. Such simplification, by reducing the number of parts involved in moving the screen, also reduces the risk of internal boot related to the screen displacement system.
Les premiers moyens de contraintes peuvent comprendre en outre au moins une deuxième butée solidaire en déplacement au deuxième contact et qui est adaptée pour venir en butée sur une deuxième contre- butée aménagée sur l'écran de manière à contraindre le moyen de contrainte élastique.  The first constraint means may further comprise at least one second abutment integral in displacement at the second contact and which is adapted to abut on a second abutment arranged on the screen so as to constrain the elastic stress means.
Une telle deuxième butée, par une installation potentielle sur une pièce du disjoncteur solidaire du deuxième contact, telle que la buse, autorise une simplification supplémentaire vis-à-vis d'un disjoncteur de l'art antérieur. Une telle deuxième butée autorise donc une conception et un montage du disjoncteur simplifiés par rapport à un disjoncteur de l'art antérieur présentant un écran amovible et la fourniture d'un disjoncteur avec un poids réduit vis-à- vis d'un disjoncteur de l'art antérieur.  Such a second stop, by a potential installation on a part of the circuit breaker secured to the second contact, such as the nozzle, allows further simplification vis-à-vis a circuit breaker of the prior art. Such a second stop therefore allows a simpler design and circuit breaker assembly compared with a circuit breaker of the prior art having a removable screen and the provision of a circuit breaker with a reduced weight vis-à-vis a circuit breaker. prior art.
La deuxième butée est formée d' au moins un organe solidaire en déplacement avec le deuxième contact, ledit organe étant logé dans un guide aménagé sur l'écran qui comporte une première et une deuxième extrémité formant respectivement la deuxième et une troisième contre-butée pour l'organe. The second stop is formed of at least one integral member moving with the second contact, said member being housed in a guide arranged on the screen which comprises a first and a second end respectively forming the second and third abutment for the organ.
Une telle combinaison entre un organe solidaire en déplacement au deuxième contact et un tel guide aménagé sur l'écran permet de fournir un premier moyen de solidarisation en déplacement qui limite les déplacements relatifs de l'écran vis-à-vis du deuxième contact  Such a combination between an integral member moving to the second contact and such a guide arranged on the screen provides a first means of securing in displacement which limits the relative movements of the screen vis-à-vis the second contact
Le guide peut comprendre une rainure aménagée dans l'écran dans laquelle coulisse l'organe, les deux extrémités de ladite rainure étant fermées de manière à limiter les mouvements relatifs accessibles pour l'écran par rapport au deuxième contact.  The guide may comprise a groove in the screen in which the member slides, the two ends of said groove being closed so as to limit the relative movements accessible for the screen relative to the second contact.
Une telle rainure permet de fournir un guide pour l'organe qui est relativement simple sans que la présence d'un tel guide n'induise une augmentation de la masse du disjoncteur.  Such a groove makes it possible to provide a guide for the body which is relatively simple without the presence of such a guide inducing an increase in the mass of the circuit breaker.
Le disjoncteur peut s'étendre selon un axe longitudinal, les déplacements relatifs en translation du premier et deuxième contact et du troisième et quatrième contact étant des déplacements axiaux, l'écran étant monté mobile en translation par rapport aux premier, deuxième, troisième et quatrième contacts selon l'axe longitudinal.  The circuit breaker may extend along a longitudinal axis, the relative displacements in translation of the first and second contacts and the third and fourth contacts being axial displacements, the screen being mounted mobile in translation relative to the first, second, third and fourth contacts along the longitudinal axis.
La position prédéfinie de l'écran à partir de laquelle l'écran est rendu solidaire en déplacement avec l'un des premier et troisième contacts peut être une position dans laquelle les extrémités respectives du premier et du troisième contact et de l'écran qui sont en regard du deuxième contact sont à la même cote axiale . Une telle position prédéfinie de l'écran permet à ce dernier de s'intercaler entre le premier et le deuxième contact avec les extrémités respectives du premier et troisième contact et de l'écran qui sont en regard du deuxième contact sensiblement dans un même plan orthogonal à l'axe longitudinal. Une telle position est particulièrement adaptée pour améliorer la répartition du champ électromagnétique par rapport au premier et troisième contact. The predefined position of the screen from which the screen is secured in movement with one of the first and third contacts may be a position in which the respective ends of the first and third contacts and the screen which are next to the second contact are at the same axial dimension. Such a predefined position of the screen allows the latter to be interposed between the first and the second contact with the respective ends of the first and third contact and the screen which are opposite the second contact substantially in the same orthogonal plane to the longitudinal axis. Such a position is particularly suitable for improving the distribution of the electromagnetic field with respect to the first and third contacts.
La position prédéfinie de l'écran à partir de laquelle l'écran est rendu solidaire en déplacement avec l'un des premier et troisième contacts peut être une position dans laquelle l'extrémité de l'écran qui est en regard du deuxième contact est décalée en direction du deuxième contact relativement aux mêmes extrémités du premier et du troisième contact.  The predefined position of the screen from which the screen is secured in displacement with one of the first and third contacts may be a position in which the end of the screen which is opposite the second contact is shifted in the direction of the second contact relative to the same ends of the first and third contacts.
Le premier et le troisième contact peuvent être solidaires en déplacement, le deuxième et quatrième contact étant solidaires en déplacement.  The first and third contacts can be secured in displacement, the second and fourth contacts being integral in displacement.
La première butée peut être aménagée sur le troisième contact.  The first stop can be arranged on the third contact.
Un tel déplacement est particulièrement adapté pour que le système de déplacement de l'écran n'entraîne pas une dégradation du soufflage d'un arc se formant entre le premier et le deuxième contact lors du passage du disjoncteur de la position ouverte à la position fermée. En effet, le troisième contact n'a pas à être agencé, contrairement au premier contact dans une configuration habituelle d'un disjoncteur, pour translater dans une buse de soufflage. Ainsi, avec une première butée aménagée sur le troisième contact, il n'est pas nécessaire d'adapter la buse de soufflage pour tenir compte d'une butée aménagée sur le premier contact. La buse de soufflage peut donc être optimisée pour souffler un tel arc sans avoir à tenir compte d'une telle butée. Such displacement is particularly adapted so that the system of displacement of the screen does not cause a degradation of the blowing of an arc forming between the first and the second contact during the passage of the circuit breaker from the open position to the closed position . Indeed, the third contact does not have to be arranged, unlike the first contact in a usual configuration of a circuit breaker, to translate into a blowing nozzle. Thus, with a first stop arranged on the third contact, it it is not necessary to adapt the blowing nozzle to take into account a stop arranged on the first contact. The blowing nozzle can be optimized to blow such an arc without having to take into account such a stop.
Il peut être prévu une buse de soufflage adaptée pour favoriser le soufflage d'un arc se formant entre le premier et le deuxième contact lors du passage du disjoncteur de la position fermée à la position ouverte, ladite buse de soufflage étant solidaire du deuxième contact, l'écran étant rendu solidaire à ladite buse de soufflage par les premiers moyens de solidarisation en déplacement.  It can be provided a blowing nozzle adapted to promote the blowing of an arc formed between the first and the second contact during the passage of the circuit breaker from the closed position to the open position, said blowing nozzle being secured to the second contact, the screen being secured to said blowing nozzle by the first securing means in displacement.
BRÈVE DESCRIPTION DES DESSINS La présente invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description d'exemples de réalisation, donnés à titre purement indicatif et nullement limitatif, en faisant référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels : BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The present invention will be better understood on reading the description of exemplary embodiments, given purely by way of indication and in no way limiting, with reference to the appended drawings in which:
- les figures la et lb illustrent respectivement une vue extérieure et une vue en coupe longitudinale selon l'axe A-A de la figure la d'un exemple d'un disjoncteur selon l'invention en position fermée,  FIGS. 1a and 1b respectively illustrate an external view and a view in longitudinal section along the axis A-A of FIG. 1a of an example of a circuit breaker according to the invention in the closed position,
- la figure 2 illustre une vue en coupe selon l'axe A-A du disjoncteur illustré sur les figures la et lb dans une position ouverte,  FIG. 2 illustrates a sectional view along the axis A-A of the circuit breaker illustrated in FIGS. 1a and 1b in an open position;
la figure 3 illustre une vue en coupe selon l'axe A-A du disjoncteur illustré sur les figures la, lb et 2 en position intermédiaire entre la position fermée et la position ouverte. Les différentes parties représentées sur les figures ne le sont pas nécessairement selon une échelle uniforme, pour rendre les figures plus lisibles . Figure 3 illustrates a sectional view along the axis AA of the circuit breaker illustrated in Figures la, lb and 2 in the intermediate position between the closed position and the open position. The different parts shown in the figures are not necessarily in a uniform scale, to make the figures more readable.
EXPOSÉ DÉTAILLÉ DE MODES DE RÉALISATION PARTICULIERS DETAILED PRESENTATION OF PARTICULAR EMBODIMENTS
Les figures la et lb illustrent un disjoncteur 1 à haute tension selon l'invention. Un tel disjoncteur 1 présente une position dite fermée, illustrée sur la figure lb, dans laquelle il laisse passer le courant et une position dite ouverte, illustrée sur la figure 2, dans laquelle il coupe le courant. Le disjoncteur 1 s'étend selon un axe longitudinal avec une enveloppe extérieure cylindrique. Figures la and lb illustrate a high voltage circuit breaker 1 according to the invention. Such a circuit breaker 1 has a so-called closed position, illustrated in Figure lb, in which it passes the current and a so-called open position, illustrated in Figure 2, in which it cuts the current. The circuit breaker 1 extends along a longitudinal axis with a cylindrical outer envelope.
Un tel disjoncteur 1 comprend :  Such a circuit breaker 1 comprises:
- un premier et un deuxième contact - first and second contact
10, 20 mobiles en translation l'un par rapport à l'autre de manière que dans la position fermée le premier et le deuxième contact 10, 20 sont en contact électrique et que dans la position ouverte le premier et le deuxième contact 10, 20 sont à distance l'un de l'autre, le premier et le deuxième contact 10, 20 étant dits contacts d'arc, 10, 20 movable in translation relative to each other so that in the closed position the first and the second contact 10, 20 are in electrical contact and in the open position the first and the second contact 10, 20 at a distance from each other, the first and second contacts 10, 20 being said arcing contacts,
un troisième et un quatrième contact 30, 40 reliés électriquement avec respectivement le premier et le deuxième contact 10, 20, le troisième et le quatrième contact 30, 40 étant mobiles en translation l'un par rapport à l'autre de manière que dans la position fermée le troisième et le quatrième contact 30, 40 sont en contact électrique et que dans la position ouverte le troisième et le quatrième contact 30, 40 sont à distance l'un de l'autre, le troisième et le quatrième contact 30, 40 étant dits contacts principaux, a third and a fourth contact 30, 40 electrically connected respectively to the first and second contacts 10, 20, the third and fourth contacts 30, 40 being translatable relative to one another so that in the closed position the third and the fourth contact 30, 40 are in electrical contact and that in the open position the third and the fourth contact 30, 40 are at a distance one of the other, the third and fourth contacts 30, 40 being said main contacts,
une buse de soufflage 50 adaptée pour favoriser le soufflage d'un arc se formant entre le premier et le deuxième contact 10, 20 lors du passage du disjoncteur de la position fermée à la position ouverte,  a blast nozzle 50 adapted to promote the blowing of an arc formed between the first and second contacts 10, 20 during the passage of the circuit breaker from the closed position to the open position,
un écran 60 agencé pour s'intercaler entre le premier et le troisième contact 10, 30 dans la position ouverte, ledit écran 60 étant monté mobile en translation vis-à-vis des premier, deuxième, troisième et quatrième contacts 10, 20, 30, 40.  a screen 60 arranged to be interposed between the first and third contacts 10, 30 in the open position, said screen 60 being mounted in translation with respect to the first, second, third and fourth contacts 10, 20, 30 , 40.
Le premier et le deuxième contact 10, 20 s'étendent tous deux au centre du disjoncteur selon l'axe longitudinal du disjoncteur 1.  The first and second contacts 10, 20 both extend in the center of the circuit breaker along the longitudinal axis of the circuit breaker 1.
Le premier contact 10 présente une forme générale cylindrique avec la base en regard du deuxième contact 20 en forme de demi-sphère. Le premier contact 10 est monté mobile en translation selon l'axe longitudinal du disjoncteur 1 au moyen d'une tige 11 qui le prolonge dans la direction opposé au deuxième contact 20.  The first contact 10 has a generally cylindrical shape with the base opposite the second contact 20 in the shape of a half-sphere. The first contact 10 is mounted to move in translation along the longitudinal axis of the circuit breaker 1 by means of a rod 11 which extends it in the direction opposite to the second contact 20.
Le deuxième contact 20 présente une forme générale en tulipe adaptée pour recevoir le premier contact 10. Le deuxième contact 20 comporte ainsi une pluralité de lamelles 21 élastiques et conductrices délimitant une cavité d'accueil du premier contact 10 s' ouvrant en direction du premier contact 10 et s' étendant selon l'axe longitudinal du disjoncteur 1. Le deuxième contact 20 est entouré d'un capot 25 de révolution délimitant également un passage pour le premier contact 10 de manière à autoriser l'introduction du premier contact 10 dans la cavité d'accueil du deuxième contact 20. The second contact 20 has a generally tulip shape adapted to receive the first contact 10. The second contact 20 thus comprises a plurality of elastic and conductive strips 21 delimiting a reception cavity of the first contact 10 s' opening towards the first contact 10 and extending along the longitudinal axis of the circuit breaker 1. The second contact 20 is surrounded by a cover 25 of revolution also delimiting a passage for the first contact 10 so as to allow the introduction of the first contact 10 into the reception cavity of the second contact 20.
Le deuxième contact 20 et le capot 25 sont tous deux fixés à la buse de soufflage 50. La buse de soufflage 50 présente une symétrie de révolution autour de l'axe longitudinal du disjoncteur 1 et comporte une cavité de passage 51 adaptée pour le passage du premier contact 10. La cavité de passage 51 de la buse de soufflage 50 comporte une zone centrale dont le diamètre intérieur est légèrement supérieur à celui de la cavité d'accueil du deuxième contact 20 et deux zones latérales correspondant respectivement au premier et au deuxième contact 10, 20, qui sont évasées par rapport à la zone centrale. L'ensemble deuxième contact 20 et buse de soufflage 50 est déplacé dans le disjoncteur 1 au moyen d'un palonnier 55 relié à la buse de soufflage 50 au niveau de son extrémité de la zone latérale correspondant au deuxième contact 20 à un cylindre de guidage 56. Ce palonnier 55 est déplacé relativement à l'enveloppe extérieure du disjoncteur 1 au moyen d'une tige et d'une bielle, selon un principe similaire à celui décrit dans le document FR 2953639.  The second contact 20 and the cover 25 are both attached to the blast nozzle 50. The blast nozzle 50 has a symmetry of revolution about the longitudinal axis of the circuit breaker 1 and comprises a passage cavity 51 adapted for the passage of the first contact 10. The passage cavity 51 of the blast nozzle 50 comprises a central zone whose inner diameter is slightly greater than that of the reception cavity of the second contact 20 and two lateral zones respectively corresponding to the first and second contact. 10, 20, which are flared with respect to the central zone. The second contact 20 and blow nozzle assembly 50 is moved in the circuit breaker 1 by means of a spreader 55 connected to the blow nozzle 50 at its end of the lateral zone corresponding to the second contact 20 to a guide cylinder 56. This lifter 55 is moved relatively to the outer casing of the circuit breaker 1 by means of a rod and a rod, according to a principle similar to that described in document FR 2953639.
La buse de soufflage 50 est fixée au niveau de son extrémité de la zone latérale correspondant au deuxième contact 20 à un cylindre de guidage 56. Le cylindre de guidage 56 présente une symétrie de révolution avec une première partie qui s'étend perpendiculairement à l'axe longitudinal à partir de la buse de soufflage 50 en direction de l'extérieur du disjoncteur 1 et par laquelle elle est fixée à la buse de soufflage 50 et une deuxième partie qui s'étend axialement autour de la buse de soufflage 50 à partir de la première partie en direction du deuxième contact 20. Ainsi, le cylindre de guidage 56 présente, comme illustré sur la figure lb, une section en forme de L inversé. Le cylindre de guidage 56 comporte sur sa deuxième partie deux orifices de fixation 26 accueillant et fixant chacun un organe 57 formant une deuxième butée. The blast nozzle 50 is fixed at its end of the lateral zone corresponding to the second contact 20 to a guide cylinder 56. The guide cylinder 56 has a symmetry of revolution with a first part extending perpendicular to the longitudinal axis from the blowing nozzle 50 towards the outside of the circuit breaker 1 and by which it is fixed to the blast nozzle 50 and a second part which extends axially around the blast nozzle 50 from the first part towards the blast nozzle 50; Second contact 20. Thus, the guide cylinder 56 has, as illustrated in Figure lb, an inverted L-shaped section. The guide cylinder 56 has on its second part two fixing orifices 26 accommodating and each fixing a member 57 forming a second abutment.
Chaque organe 57 s'étend sensiblement perpendiculairement vers l'extérieur du disjoncteur 1. Chaque organe 57 présente une forme générale cylindrique.  Each member 57 extends substantially perpendicular to the outside of the circuit breaker 1. Each member 57 has a generally cylindrical shape.
Chacun des organes 57 est logé dans une rainure de guidage 61 correspondante qui est aménagée dans 1 ' écran 60.  Each of the members 57 is housed in a corresponding guide groove 61 which is arranged in the screen 60.
L'écran 60 présente une forme générale de cylindre creux avec un diamètre intérieur supérieur au diamètre maximal du premier contact 10. L'écran 60 comporte, au niveau de l'extrémité de l'écran 60 qui est en regard du deuxième contact 20, une courbure en direction de l'intérieur du disjoncteur 1. L'écran 60 est formé dans un matériau adapté pour isoler le premier contact 10 du troisième contact 30 tel qu'un matériau à haute constante diélectrique ou métallique.  The screen 60 has the general shape of a hollow cylinder with an inside diameter greater than the maximum diameter of the first contact 10. The screen 60 comprises, at the end of the screen 60 which is opposite the second contact 20, a curvature towards the interior of the circuit breaker 1. The screen 60 is formed of a material adapted to isolate the first contact 10 of the third contact 30 such as a material with a high dielectric or metallic constant.
L'écran 60 est monté mobile en translation vis-à-vis du premier contact 10 selon l'axe longitudinal du disjoncteur 1. De cette manière, l'écran 60 est monté mobile en translation vis-à-vis des premier, deuxième, troisième et quatrième contacts 10, 20, 30, 40. The screen 60 is mounted mobile in translation with respect to the first contact 10 along the longitudinal axis of the circuit breaker 1. In this way, the screen 60 is mounted to move in translation opposite first, second, third and fourth contacts 10, 20, 30, 40.
L'écran 60 comporte deux rainures de guidage 61 chacune accueillant l'un des organes 57 fixés au cylindre de guidage 56, et s' étendant sensiblement parallèlement à l'axe longitudinal du disjoncteur 1. Chacune des rainures de guidage 61 est une rainure aménagée sur toute l'épaisseur de l'écran et qui est donc traversante.  The screen 60 has two guide grooves 61 each receiving one of the members 57 attached to the guide cylinder 56, and extending substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the circuit breaker 1. Each of the guide grooves 61 is a groove arranged over the entire thickness of the screen and which is therefore through.
Un tel logement des organes 57 dans les rainures de guidage 61 de l'écran 60 permet d'assurer que l'écran 60 puisse se translater relativement au cylindre de guidage 56, et donc au deuxième contact 20, sur une distance correspondant à la longueur des rainures de guidage 61. Les extrémités 61a, 61b de chacune des rainures de guidage 61 forment des deuxièmes et des troisièmes contre-butées pour l'organe 57 correspondant.  Such a housing members 57 in the guide grooves 61 of the screen 60 ensures that the screen 60 can translate relative to the guide cylinder 56, and therefore the second contact 20, a distance corresponding to the length guide grooves 61. The ends 61a, 61b of each of the guide grooves 61 form second and third abutments for the corresponding member 57.
L'écran 60 est rendu solidaire en déplacement avec la buse de soufflage 50, et donc avec le deuxième contact 20, au moyen de deux ressorts 58 adaptés pour contraindre l'écran 60 de manière à mettre les organes 57 en butée sur l'extrémité 61b de la rainure de guidage 61 correspondante qui est opposée au deuxième contact 20. De cette manière, sans autre contrainte appliquée sur l'écran 60, ce dernier est maintenu à distance du deuxième contact 20 par les contraintes appliquées par les ressorts 58. Les forces de contrainte, avec la configuration illustrée sur la figure lb, sont fournies par un dimensionnement des ressorts 58 adaptés pour que ces derniers soient en compression lorsque les organes 57 sont en butée sur les extrémités 61b opposées au deuxième contact 20 des rainures de guidage 61 correspondantes. The screen 60 is secured in displacement with the blast nozzle 50, and therefore with the second contact 20, by means of two springs 58 adapted to constrain the screen 60 so as to put the members 57 in abutment on the end 61b of the corresponding guide groove 61 which is opposed to the second contact 20. In this way, without any other stress applied to the screen 60, the latter is kept at a distance from the second contact 20 by the stresses applied by the springs 58. The forces of stress, with the configuration illustrated in FIG. 1b, are provided by a sizing of the springs 58 adapted so that they are in compression when the members 57 are abutting on the ends 61b opposite the second contact 20 of the corresponding guide grooves 61.
Les deux ressorts 58 sont chacun fixés par l'une de leurs extrémités, à l'écran 60, et, pour l'autre de leurs extrémités, au palonnier 55. Le palonnier 55 comporte un logement longitudinal pour chacun des ressorts 58 de manière à les maintenir en place lors de la fabrication du disjoncteur 1.  The two springs 58 are each fixed by one of their ends to the screen 60, and, for the other of their ends, to the spreader 55. The spreader 55 comprises a longitudinal housing for each of the springs 58 so as to keep them in place during the manufacture of the circuit breaker 1.
Le cylindre de guidage 56, les organes 57, les rainures de guidage 61 aménagées dans l'écran 60, les ressorts 58 forment des moyens de solidarisation en déplacement adaptés pour rendre solidaire en déplacement l'écran 60 avec l'un des deuxième et quatrième contacts 20, 40 pendant le passage du disjoncteur 1 de la position fermée à la position ouverte. Chaque ressort 58 forme un moyen de contrainte élastique .  The guide cylinder 56, the members 57, the guide grooves 61 formed in the screen 60, the springs 58 form means of securing in displacement adapted to make the screen 60 integral with one of the second and fourth contacts 20, 40 during the passage of the circuit breaker 1 from the closed position to the open position. Each spring 58 forms a means of elastic stress.
L'écran 60 comporte également deux saillies 62 chacune adaptée pour former contre-butée à une butée du troisième contact. Une telle saillie s'étend à partie de la surface extérieure de l'écran 60 en direction du troisième contact 30, c'est-à-dire à l'opposé de l'axe longitudinal du disjoncteur 1. Chacune des deux saillies 62 est positionnée au niveau de l'une des rainures de guidage 61 en prolongeant l'extrémité 61b de ladite rainure de guidage 61 qui est opposée au deuxième contact 20. La surface de chacune desdites saillies 62 sur laquelle une butée du troisième contact 30 vient en butée, est en regard du deuxième et du quatrième contact 20, 40. Le troisième contact 30 comporte un corps de forme générale de cylindre creux dont le diamètre intérieur est supérieur au diamètre extérieur de l'écran 60. Le troisième contact 30 comprend également une pluralité de lamelles flexibles 31 et conductrices adaptées pour être, lorsque le disjoncteur 1 est en position fermée, en contact avec le quatrième contact. Le troisième contact est solidaire en déplacement avec le premier contact 10 ceci par un montage de la tige supportant le premier contact 10 sur le troisième contact 30. L'extrémité du troisième contact 30 et celle du premier contact 10 qui sont en regard du deuxième contact 20 sont sensiblement dans un plan orthogonal à l'axe longitudinal du disjoncteur 1, c'est-à-dire que lesdites extrémités du premier et du troisième contact 10, 30 présentent la même cote axiale . The screen 60 also has two projections 62 each adapted to counter-abut against a stop of the third contact. Such projection extends from the outer surface of the screen 60 towards the third contact 30, that is to say opposite to the longitudinal axis of the circuit breaker 1. Each of the two projections 62 is positioned at one of the guide grooves 61 by extending the end 61b of said guide groove 61 which is opposed to the second contact 20. The surface of each of said projections 62 on which a stop of the third contact 30 abuts , is opposite the second and fourth contacts 20, 40. The third contact 30 comprises a body of generally hollow cylinder whose internal diameter is greater than the outer diameter of the screen 60. The third contact 30 also comprises a plurality of flexible strips 31 and conductive adapted to be, when the circuit breaker 1 is in the closed position, in contact with the fourth contact. The third contact is secured in displacement with the first contact 10 this by a mounting of the rod supporting the first contact 10 on the third contact 30. The end of the third contact 30 and that of the first contact 10 which are opposite the second contact 20 are substantially in a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the circuit breaker 1, that is to say that said ends of the first and third contacts 10, 30 have the same axial dimension.
Le troisième contact 30 comporte deux pièces cylindriques 32 formant des premières butées et agencées pour venir en butée chacune sur l'une des saillies 62 de l'écran 60. Chacune de ces pièces cylindriques 32 est disposée dans un orifice respectif aménagé sur le troisième contact 30 de manière que chacune des pièces cylindriques 32 s'étende à partir du troisième contact 30 en direction de l'axe longitudinal du disjoncteur 1. Les pièces cylindriques 32 sont agencées sur le troisième contact 30, de manière qu'elles viennent en butée sur les saillies 62 de l'écran 60 quand l'écran 60 pénètre le plan défini par les extrémités du premier et du troisième contact 10, 30 qui sont en regard du deuxième contact 20. De cette manière, lorsque le disjoncteur 1 passe de la position fermée à la position ouverte, les pièces cylindriques 32 viennent en butée sur les saillies 62 de l'écran 60 lorsque ce dernier présente son extrémité qui est en regard du deuxième contact 20 à la même cote axiale que les extrémités en regard du deuxième contact 20 respectives du premier et du troisième contact 10, 30. The third contact 30 comprises two cylindrical pieces 32 forming first stops and arranged to abut each on one of the projections 62 of the screen 60. Each of these cylindrical pieces 32 is disposed in a respective orifice arranged on the third contact So that each of the cylindrical pieces 32 extends from the third contact 30 towards the longitudinal axis of the circuit breaker 1. The cylindrical parts 32 are arranged on the third contact 30, so that they abut on the projections 62 of the screen 60 when the screen 60 penetrates the plane defined by the ends of the first and third contacts 10, 30 which are opposite the second contact 20. way, when the circuit breaker 1 goes from the closed position to the open position, the cylindrical parts 32 abut the projections 62 of the screen 60 when the latter has its end which is opposite the second contact 20 at the same dimension axial that the ends facing the respective second contact 20 of the first and the third contact 10, 30.
Ainsi, la mise en butée des pièces cylindrique 32 contraint l'écran 60 à une position relative dans laquelle son extrémité en regard du deuxième contact 20 est à la même cote que les mêmes extrémités du premier et du troisième contact 10, 30 ceci par une contrainte appliquée aux ressorts 58 qui inhibe la contrainte des ressorts 58 liée au déplacement relatif du deuxième contact 20. Ainsi, dans cette position relative de l'écran 60 par rapport au premier et au deuxième contact 10, 20, l'écran est rendu solidaire en déplacement du premier et du troisième contact 10, 30 et les premier moyens de solidarisation sont inhibés par une mise en contrainte des ressorts 58. Dans une telle position relative, l'écran est intercalé entre le premier et le troisième contact et permet d'améliorer la répartition du champ électrique entre le premier et troisième contact 10, 30.  Thus, the abutment of the cylindrical parts 32 constrains the screen 60 to a relative position in which its end facing the second contact 20 is at the same dimension as the same ends of the first and third contacts 10, 30 this by a stress applied to the springs 58 which inhibits the stress of the springs 58 linked to the relative displacement of the second contact 20. Thus, in this relative position of the screen 60 with respect to the first and the second contact 10, 20, the screen is made integral. in displacement of the first and third contact 10, 30 and the first securing means are inhibited by a stressing of the springs 58. In such a relative position, the screen is interposed between the first and the third contact and allows to improve the distribution of the electric field between the first and third contacts 10, 30.
Selon une variante de l'invention, non illustré, la position relative de l'écran 60 par rapport au premier et au troisième contact 10, 30 lorsque les pièces cylindriques 32 viennent en butée sur les saillies 62 de l'écran 60 peut être différente de manière que l'extrémité de l'écran 60 qui est en regard du deuxième contact 20 soit positionnée en avant vis-à-vis des même extrémités du premier et du troisième contact 10, 30. According to a variant of the invention, not illustrated, the relative position of the screen 60 with respect to the first and third contacts 10, 30 when the cylindrical parts 32 abut the projections 62 of the screen 60 may be different so that the end of the screen 60 that is in the second contact 20 is positioned forwardly vis-à-vis the same ends of the first and the third contact 10, 30.
Les pièces cylindriques 57 et les saillies 62 de l'écran 60 forment des deuxièmes moyens de solidarisation en déplacement adaptés pour rendre solidaire en déplacement l'écran 60 avec un contact parmi le premier et troisième contact 10, 30 lors du passage du disjoncteur 1 de la position fermée à la position ouverte ceci à partir d'une position prédéfinie de l'écran 60 par rapport audit contact 10, 30.  The cylindrical pieces 57 and the projections 62 of the screen 60 form second securing means adapted to move the screen 60 in motion together with a contact between the first and third contacts 10, 30 during the passage of the circuit breaker 1. the closed position at the open position this from a predefined position of the screen 60 with respect to said contact 10, 30.
Les lamelles flexibles 31 du troisième contact 30 sont adaptées pour, lorsque le disjoncteur 1 est dans la position fermée, s'appuyer sur la surface extérieure du quatrième contact 40 de manière à assurer un contact électrique entre le troisième et le quatrième contact 30, 40.  The flexible strips 31 of the third contact 30 are adapted to, when the circuit breaker 1 is in the closed position, rest on the outer surface of the fourth contact 40 so as to ensure electrical contact between the third and the fourth contact 30, 40 .
Le quatrième contact 40 présente une forme générale de cylindre creux avec un diamètre intérieur supérieur au diamètre extérieur du deuxième contact 20 et de la buse de soufflage 50. Le quatrième contact 40 est rendu solidaire en déplacement avec le deuxième contact 20 par un montage sur la buse de soufflage 50 qui est elle-même montée solidaire du deuxième contact 20.  The fourth contact 40 has the general shape of a hollow cylinder with an inside diameter greater than the outside diameter of the second contact 20 and the blast nozzle 50. The fourth contact 40 is secured in displacement with the second contact 20 by mounting on the blow nozzle 50 which is itself mounted integral with the second contact 20.
Lors du passage du disjoncteur 1 de la position fermée dans laquelle le disjoncteur 1 conduit le courant à la position ouverte dans laquelle le disjoncteur 1 coupe le courant, les différents éléments du disjoncteur 1 sont déplacés comme suit. Dans une première phase, les premier et troisième contacts 10, 30 sont translatés relativement aux deuxième et quatrième contacts 20, 40 de manière à les séparer de ces derniers et couper le contact électrique entre le premier et le deuxième contact 10, 20 et entre le troisième et le quatrième contact 30, 40. L'écran 60 est lors de cette première phase rendu solidaire du deuxième contact 20 par la contrainte appliquée par les ressorts 58 qui met en butée les organes 57 sur l'extrémité 61b de la rainure de guidage 61 correspondante qui est opposée au deuxième contact 20. L'écran 60 est, en même temps que le deuxième et le quatrième contact 20, 40, translaté relativement au premier et au troisième contact 10, 30 en se rapprochant de ces derniers. When switching from the circuit breaker 1 of the closed position in which the circuit breaker 1 leads the current to the open position in which the circuit breaker 1 cuts the current, the various elements of the circuit breaker 1 are moved as follows. In a first phase, the first and third contacts 10, 30 are translated relative to the second and fourth contacts 20, 40 so as to separate them from the latter and cut off the electrical contact between the first and second contacts 10, 20 and between the third and fourth contact 30, 40. The screen 60 is during this first phase made integral with the second contact 20 by the stress applied by the springs 58 which abuts the members 57 on the end 61b of the guide groove The screen 60 is, at the same time as the second and the fourth contacts 20, 40, translated relative to the first and third contacts 10, 30 closer to them.
Lorsque l'extrémité de l'écran 60 en regard du deuxième contact 20 arrive dans une position relative dans laquelle ladite extrémité se retrouve à la même cote axiale que les mêmes extrémités du premier et du troisième contact 10, 30, les pièces cylindriques 32 rentrent en butée avec les saillies 62 de l'écran 60 et mettent ainsi en contrainte les ressorts 58 pour inhiber les premiers moyens de solidarisation. Dans cette deuxième phase illustrée sur la figure 3, les premiers moyens de solidarisation en déplacement étant inhibés, l'écran 60 reste à la même position relativement au premier et troisième contact 10, 30 dans laquelle il s'intercale entre ces deux derniers. Ainsi l'écran 60 est rendu solidaire en déplacement avec le premier et le troisième contact 10, 30 et reste intercalé entre le premier et le troisième contact 10, 30 lorsque le disjoncteur arrive en position ouverte. When the end of the screen 60 facing the second contact 20 reaches a relative position in which said end is found at the same axial dimension as the same ends of the first and the third contact 10, 30, the cylindrical parts 32 return in abutment with the projections 62 of the screen 60 and thus stress the springs 58 to inhibit the first securing means. In this second phase illustrated in FIG. 3, the first moving securing means being inhibited, the screen 60 remains in the same position relative to the first and third contacts 10, 30 in which it is inserted between these two latter. Thus the screen 60 is made integral in displacement with the first and the third contact 10, 30 and remains interposed between the first and the third contact 10, 30 when the circuit breaker arrives in the open position.
Ainsi en position ouverte, l'écran 60 permet d'amélioré la répartition du champ électrique entre le premier et le troisième contact 10, 30 ceci de manière similaire à l'amélioration observée dans le document FR 2953639.  Thus, in the open position, the screen 60 makes it possible to improve the distribution of the electric field between the first and third contacts 10, in a manner similar to the improvement observed in the document FR 2953639.
Le passage du disjoncteur 1 de la position ouverte à la position fermée est également en deux phases selon un principe similaire. Dans une première phase les pièces cylindriques 32 restent en butée par un placage de l'écran 60 par les ressorts 58, l'écran 60 restant donc solidaire en déplacement du premier et du troisième contact 10, 30. Dans une deuxième phase, les organes 57 viennent en butée sur l'extrémité 61b des rainures de guidage 61 correspondantes qui est à l'opposé du deuxième contact 20. Ainsi, les premiers moyens de solidarisation en déplacement n'étant plus inhibés, l'écran 60 devient solidaire en déplacement du deuxième contact 20 et s'éloigne du premier et du troisième contact 10, 30 au fur et à mesure que le deuxième contact et le quatrième contact 20, 40 sont déplacés en contact respectivement du premier et du troisième contact 10, 30. Lorsque le disjoncteur 1 atteint la position fermée, comme illustré par la figure 1, l'écran 60 est ainsi dans la position fermée du disjoncteur 1 à distance de la cavité d'extinction et sans risque d' influencer négativement le soufflage de l'arc lors de la prochaine ouverture du disjoncteur 1. Si dans le mode de réalisation décrit ci- dessus, le premier et le troisième contact 10, 30 sont solidaires en déplacement et le deuxième et le quatrième contact 20, 40 sont également solidaires en déplacement, le principe de l'invention peut également s'adapter sur des disjoncteurs présentant une cinématique d'ouverture et de fermeture dans laquelle le premier et le troisième contact 10, 30 ne sont pas solidaires en déplacement et/ou le deuxième et quatrième contact 20, 40 ne sont pas solidaires en déplacement, ceci sans que l'on sorte du cadre de l'invention. Dans cette configuration, lors du passage du disjoncteur 1 de la position fermée à la position ouverte, les deuxièmes moyens de solidarisation sont adaptés pour que l'écran soit solidaire en déplacement par rapport à l'un des premier et troisième contacts 10, 30 à partir d'une position relative audit contact adaptée pour que l'écran s'intercale entre le premier et troisième contact 10, 30 en position ouverte. Selon cette même possibilité, la première butée peut également être aménagée sur le premier contact 10 au lieu d'être aménagée sur le troisième contact 30, ceci sans que l'on sorte du cadre de l'invention. The passage of the circuit breaker 1 from the open position to the closed position is also in two phases according to a similar principle. In a first phase, the cylindrical pieces 32 remain in abutment by a plating of the screen 60 by the springs 58, the screen 60 thus remaining integral in displacement of the first and third contacts 10, 30. In a second phase, the members 57 abut on the end 61b of the corresponding guide grooves 61 which is opposite to the second contact 20. Thus, the first moving securing means are no longer inhibited, the screen 60 becomes integral in displacement of the second contact 20 and away from the first and third contacts 10, 30 as the second contact and the fourth contact 20, 40 are moved in contact respectively with the first and the third contact 10, 30. When the circuit breaker 1 reaches the closed position, as shown in Figure 1, the screen 60 is thus in the closed position of the circuit breaker 1 away from the extinction cavity and without the risk of influencing the s blowing the arc when opening the circuit breaker 1 next time. If in the embodiment described above, the first and third contacts 10, 30 are integral in displacement and the second and fourth contacts 20, 40 are also integral in displacement, the principle of the invention can also s' adapt on circuit breakers having a kinematic opening and closing in which the first and the third contact 10, 30 are not integral displacement and / or the second and fourth contact 20, 40 are not integral displacement, this without that we leave the scope of the invention. In this configuration, during the passage of the circuit breaker 1 from the closed position to the open position, the second securing means are adapted so that the screen is integral in displacement with respect to one of the first and third contacts 10, 30 to from a position relative to said contact adapted so that the screen is inserted between the first and third contacts 10, 30 in the open position. According to this same possibility, the first stop can also be arranged on the first contact 10 instead of being arranged on the third contact 30, this without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Disjoncteur (1) à haute tension et à écran (60) amovible, le disjoncteur (1) présentant une position dite fermée dans laquelle il laisse passer le courant et une position dite ouverte dans laquelle il coupe le courant et comprenant :  1. Circuit breaker (1) with high voltage and screen (60) removable, the circuit breaker (1) having a so-called closed position in which it passes the current and a so-called open position in which it cuts the current and comprising:
un premier et un deuxième contact (10, 20) mobiles en translation l'un par rapport à l'autre de manière que dans la position fermée le premier et le deuxième contact (10, 20) sont en contact électrique et que dans la position ouverte le premier et le deuxième contact (10, 20) sont à distance l'un de l'autre, le premier et le deuxième contact (10, 20) étant dits contacts d'arc,  a first and a second contact (10, 20) movable in translation relative to each other so that in the closed position the first and second contacts (10, 20) are in electrical contact and that in the position open the first and second contacts (10, 20) are spaced apart from each other, the first and second contacts (10, 20) being said arcing contacts,
- un troisième et un quatrième contact (30, 40) reliés électriquement avec respectivement le premier et le deuxième contact (10, 20), le troisième et le quatrième contact (30, 40) étant mobiles en translation l'un par rapport à l'autre de manière que dans la position fermée le troisième et le quatrième contact (30, 40) sont en contact électrique et que dans la position ouverte le troisième et le quatrième contact (30, 40) sont à distance l'un de l'autre, le troisième et le quatrième contact (30, 40) étant dits contacts principaux,  a third and a fourth contact (30, 40) electrically connected respectively to the first and second contacts (10, 20), the third and fourth contacts (30, 40) being movable in translation relative to one another; other so that in the closed position the third and fourth contacts (30, 40) are in electrical contact and in the open position the third and fourth contacts (30, 40) are at a distance from one another. other, the third and fourth contacts (30, 40) being said main contacts,
un écran (60) agencé pour s'intercaler entre le premier et le troisième contact (10, 30) dans la position ouverte, ledit écran (60) étant monté mobile en translation vis-à-vis des premier, deuxième, troisième et quatrième contacts (10, 20, 30, 40), au moins des premiers moyens de solidarisation en déplacement, adaptés pour rendre solidaire en déplacement l'écran (60) avec l'un des deuxième et quatrième contacts (20, 40) pendant le passage du disjoncteur (1) de la position fermée à la position ouverte, lesdits moyens de solidarisation comprenant au moins un moyen de contrainte élastique, au moins des deuxièmes moyens de solidarisation en déplacement, adaptés pour rendre solidaire en déplacement l'écran (60) avec un contact parmi le premier et troisième contact (10, 30) lors du passage du disjoncteur (1) de la position fermée à la position ouverte ceci à partir d'une position prédéfinie de l'écran (60) par rapport audit contact (10, 30), lesdits deuxièmes moyens de solidarisation en déplacement inhibant les premier moyens de solidarisation en déplacement par une mise en contrainte du moyen de contrainte élastique, a screen (60) arranged to be interposed between the first and third contacts (10, 30) in the open position, said screen (60) being mounted in translation with respect to the first, second, third and fourth contacts (10, 20, 30, 40), at least first moving securing means adapted to make the screen (60) integral with the displacement of one of the second and fourth contacts (20, 40) during the passage of the circuit breaker (1) from the closed position to the open position, said securing means comprising at least one resilient biasing means, at least second moving securing means, adapted to make the screen (60) movably integral with one of the first and third contacts (10, 30) during the passage of the circuit breaker (1) from the closed position to the open position this from a predefined position of the screen (60) relative to said contact (10, 30), said second securing means in displacement inhibiting the first means of securing in displacement by a stressing of the elastic stress means,
le disjoncteur (1) étant caractérisé en ce que les deuxièmes moyens de solidarisation en déplacement comportent au moins une première butée aménagée sur ledit contact (10, 30) parmi le premier et le troisième contact (10, 30) et une première contre- butée aménagée sur l'écran (60) qui sont adaptées pour coopérer mécaniquement l'une avec l'autre.  the circuit breaker (1) being characterized in that the second moving securing means comprise at least a first stop arranged on said contact (10, 30) among the first and the third contact (10, 30) and a first counter-stop arranged on the screen (60) which are adapted to cooperate mechanically with each other.
2. Disjoncteur (1) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les premiers moyens de contraintes comprennent en outre au moins une deuxième butée solidaire en déplacement au deuxième contact (20) et qui est adaptée pour venir en butée sur une deuxième contre-butée ménagée sur l'écran (60) de manière à contraindre le moyen de contrainte élastique. 2. Circuit breaker (1) according to claim 1, wherein the first stressing means further comprise at least one second abutment movably attached to the second contact (20) and which is adapted to abut on a second counter-stop arranged on the screen (60) so as to constrain the elastic stress means.
3. Disjoncteur (1) selon la revendication 2, dans lequel la deuxième butée est formée d'au moins un organe (57) solidaire en déplacement avec le deuxième contact (20), ledit organe (57) étant logé dans un guide aménagé sur l'écran (60) qui comporte une première et une deuxième extrémité (61b, 61a) formant respectivement la deuxième et une troisième contre- butée pour l'organe (57). 3. Circuit breaker (1) according to claim 2, wherein the second stop is formed of at least one member (57) integral in displacement with the second contact (20), said member (57) being housed in a guide arranged on the screen (60) having a first and a second end (61b, 61a) respectively forming the second and third abutment for the member (57).
4. Disjoncteur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le disjoncteur (1) s'étend selon un axe longitudinal, les déplacements relatif en translation du premier et deuxième contact (10, 20) et du troisième et quatrième contact (30, 40) étant des déplacements axiaux, l'écran (60) étant monté mobile en translation par rapport aux premier, deuxième, troisième et quatrième contacts (10, 20, 30, 40) selon l'axe longitudinal. 4. Circuit breaker (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the circuit breaker (1) extends along a longitudinal axis, the relative displacement in translation of the first and second contact (10, 20) and the third and fourth contact (30, 40) being axial displacements, the screen (60) being mounted in translation relative to the first, second, third and fourth contacts (10, 20, 30, 40) along the longitudinal axis.
5. Disjoncteur (1) selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel la position prédéfinie de l'écran (60) à partir de laquelle l'écran est rendu solidaire en déplacement avec l'un des premier et troisième contacts (10, 30) est une position dans laquelle les extrémités respectives du premier et du troisième contact (10, 30) et de l'écran (60) qui sont en regard du deuxième contact (20) sont à la même cote axiale . 5. Circuit breaker (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein the predefined position of the screen (60) from which the screen is secured in movement with one of the first and third contacts (10, 30) is a position in which the respective ends of the first and third contacts (10, 30) and the screen (60) facing the second contact (20) are at the same axial dimension.
6. Disjoncteur (1) selon la revendication 4, dans lequel la position prédéfinie de l'écran (60) à partir de laquelle l'écran est rendu solidaire en déplacement avec l'un des premier et troisième contacts (10, 30) est une position dans laquelle l'extrémité de l'écran (60) qui est en regard du deuxième contact (20) est décalé en direction du deuxième contact (20) relativement aux mêmes extrémités du premier et du troisième contact (10, 30). 6. Circuit breaker (1) according to claim 4, wherein the predefined position of the screen (60) from which the screen is secured in displacement with one of the first and third contacts (10, 30) is a position in which the end of the screen (60) facing the second contact (20) is shifted towards the second contact (20) relative to the same ends of the first and third contacts (10, 30).
7. Disjoncteur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le premier et le troisième contact (10, 30) sont solidaires en déplacement, le deuxième et quatrième contact (20, 40) étant solidaires en déplacement. 7. Circuit breaker (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first and the third contact (10, 30) are integral in displacement, the second and fourth contact (20, 40) being integral in displacement.
8. Disjoncteur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la première butée est aménagée sur le troisième contact (30) . 8. Circuit breaker (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first stop is arranged on the third contact (30).
9. Disjoncteur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel il est prévu une buse de soufflage (50) adaptée pour favoriser le soufflage d'un arc se formant entre le premier et le deuxième contact (10, 20) lors du passage du disjoncteur (1) de la position fermée à la position ouverte, ladite buse de soufflage (50) étant solidaire du deuxième contact (20), l'écran (60) étant rendu solidaire à ladite buse de soufflage (50) par les premiers moyen de solidarisation en déplacement. 9. Circuit breaker (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein there is provided a blowing nozzle (50) adapted to promote the blowing of an arc formed between the first and the second contact (10, 20). during the passage of the circuit breaker (1) from the closed position to the open position, said blowing nozzle (50) being integral with the second contact (20), the screen (60) being secured to said blowing nozzle (50) by the first securing means in displacement.
EP14736786.6A 2013-07-08 2014-07-07 Circuit breaker with removable screen Active EP3020058B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1356703A FR3008225B1 (en) 2013-07-08 2013-07-08 REMOVABLE SCREEN BREAKER
PCT/EP2014/064458 WO2015004061A1 (en) 2013-07-08 2014-07-07 Circuit breaker with removable screen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3020058A1 true EP3020058A1 (en) 2016-05-18
EP3020058B1 EP3020058B1 (en) 2021-11-03

Family

ID=49237407

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14736786.6A Active EP3020058B1 (en) 2013-07-08 2014-07-07 Circuit breaker with removable screen

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3020058B1 (en)
FR (1) FR3008225B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2015004061A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5238173A (en) * 1975-09-22 1977-03-24 Hitachi Ltd Buffer gas breaker
DE19622460C2 (en) * 1996-05-24 1998-04-02 Siemens Ag High-voltage circuit breaker with two drivable switch contact pieces
FR2953639B1 (en) * 2009-12-09 2012-01-13 Areva T & D Sas HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH REMOVABLE SCREEN FOR IMPROVING THE GRADIENT OF FIELD

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2015004061A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2015004061A1 (en) 2015-01-15
FR3008225A1 (en) 2015-01-09
FR3008225B1 (en) 2016-11-25
EP3020058B1 (en) 2021-11-03

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