Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
  • H01H33/02—Details
  • H01H33/24—Means for preventing discharge to non-current-carrying parts, e.g. using corona ring
  • H01H33/245—Means for preventing discharge to non-current-carrying parts, e.g. using corona ring using movable field electrodes

Definitions

• the invention relates to the field of high voltage circuit breakers comprising a screen.
• High-voltage circuit breakers must respond to a large number of constraints, some of which may be antagonistic to each other. Thus, these circuit breakers must in particular keep a good dielectric strength in the open position while having a maximized compactness.
• Such a screen by interposing itself in the open position of the circuit breaker between one of the arcing contacts and the corresponding main contact, makes it possible to improve the distribution of the electric field between the arcing contacts and the main contacts in order to limit peaks of electric field gradients that can occur when reducing the size of the circuit breakers. Moreover, because of its removable nature, such a screen makes it possible not to influence the other characteristics of the circuit breaker such as, for example, the blowing capacity of the arc during the passage of a circuit breaker from the closed position to the open position. .
• the invention more specifically relates to a removable screen circuit breaker.
• Removable screen circuit breakers are in particular known from EP 0809269 A2.
• a circuit breaker as described in this document has a so-called closed position in which it lets the current flow and a so-called open position in which it cuts the current and comprises:
• first and second movable contacts in translation relative to one another so that in the closed position the first and second contacts are in electrical contact and in the open position the first and second contacts are at a distance from each other, the first and the second contacts being said arc contacts,
• a third and a fourth contact electrically connected respectively to the first and second contacts, the third and fourth contacts being movable in translation relative to one another so that in the closed position the third and fourth contacts are in electrical contact; and that in the open position the third and fourth contacts are spaced apart from each other, the third and fourth contacts being said main contacts.
• This same circuit breaker also includes a screen which comes, in the open position of the circuit breaker, as illustrated in the single figure of this document, to be inserted between one of the arcing contacts and the corresponding main contact.
• Such a circuit breaker comprises for this purpose:
• first moving securing means adapted to make the screen with the second contact in transit during the passage of the circuit breaker of the closed position in the open position, said securing means comprising at least one elastic stressing means
• At least second moving securing means adapted to make the screen in motion together with the first contact during the passage of the circuit breaker from the closed position to the open position, this from a predefined position of the screen with respect to said contact, said second moving securing means inhibiting the first securing means by stressing the resilient biasing means.
• the first securing means in displacement include:
• first rod slidably mounted in a passage formed in a central body secured to the second contact, the first rod having a first end attached to the screen and a second end equipped with a first stop abutting the passage of the central body of to limit the distance between the screen and the second contact,
• the elastic stressing means which is in compression when the first abutment is in abutment thus ensuring that the screen remains, without stress applied to the screen, at a constant distance between the screen and the second contact, and therefore that the screen is secured in displacement with the second contact.
• the second securing means in displacement comprise a second mounted rod sliding in a passage arranged in a lifter secured to the first contact.
• the second rod has a first end attached to the screen and a second end equipped with a second stop abutting the passage of the rudder so as to limit the minimum distance between the screen and the first contact.
• This minimum distance predefined corresponds to a positioning of the screen relative to the first and third contact in which it is inserted between these two same contacts.
• the screen being secured in displacement of the second contact, in a first step, during the passage of the circuit breaker from the closed position to the open position, the screen approaches the first and third contact as and when that the second contact moves away from the first contact.
• the second abutment abuts with the rudder thus applying an additional stress on the elastic stress means by inhibiting the first securing means in displacement.
• the screen thus becomes, in this second time, integral displacement with the first contact in a position relative to the latter in which it is inserted between the first and the third contact.
• the electric field between the first and third contacts and the second and fourth contacts has an optimized distribution compared to a circuit breaker without a screen by limiting the high potential gradients which could be detrimental to the dielectric strength of the circuit-breaker.
• circuit breaker makes it possible, particularly by placing the first and second stops along the first and second rod respectively, a precise adjustment of the displacement of the screen relative to the first, second, third and fourth contacts, however, it is a complex construction of the circuit breaker using many parts such as rods and the central body. These parts lead to an increased risk of damage to the circuit breaker and may be likely to cause, especially in the case of the central body, an internal ignition between the input / output of the circuit breaker.
• the object of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks.
• the object of the invention is to provide a high-voltage circuit breaker with a removable screen which, while allowing adjustment of the displacement of the single screen, presents a design of the screen displacement system involving a number of reduced parts vis-à-vis a circuit breaker of the prior art.
• the invention also aims to provide a high-voltage circuit breaker and removable screen which, while allowing adjustment of the displacement of the simple screen, has a risk of internal priming related to the reduced screen displacement system.
• the invention relates to a high-voltage circuit breaker and removable screen, the circuit breaker having a so-called closed position in which it lets the current flow and a so-called open position in which it cuts the current and comprising:
• first and second movable contacts in translation relative to one another so that in the closed position the first and second contacts are in electrical contact and in the open position the first and second contacts are at a distance from each other, the first and the second contacts being said arc contacts,
• a third and a fourth contact electrically connected respectively to the first and second contacts, the third and fourth contacts being movable in translation relative to one another so that in the closed position the third and fourth contacts are in electrical contact and that in the open position the third and fourth contacts are at a distance from each other, the third and fourth contacts being said main contacts,
• a screen arranged to be interposed between the first and the third contacts in the open position, said screen being mounted mobile in translation with respect to the first, second, third and fourth contacts,
• the first securing means in motion, adapted to make the screen in motion together with one of the second and fourth contacts during the passage of the circuit breaker from the closed position to the open position, said securing means comprising at least one elastic stressing means,
• At least second securing means in displacement adapted to make integral in displacement the screen with a contact between the first and third contact during the passage of the circuit breaker from the closed position to the open position this from a predefined position of the screen with respect to said contact, said second moving securing means inhibiting the first moving securing means by stressing the elastic stressing means,
• the second displacement securing means comprising at least a first stop arranged on said contact among the first and the third contact and a first abutment arranged on the screen which are adapted to cooperate mechanically with each other.
• Such second displacement securing means allow, in a manner similar to that of a circuit breaker as described in document FR 2953639, the circuit breaker to present a kinematic movement of the screen when the circuit breaker is moved from the closed position to the optimized open position, which can be easily adapted when designing the circuit-breaker.
• the displacement system is simplified compared to a circuit breaker according to the same document since it is no longer necessary to provide a rod between the screen and the rudder on which is present a stop.
• the design and assembly of the circuit breaker are simplified compared to a circuit breaker of the prior art and furthermore the weight of the circuit breaker is reduced compared to a circuit breaker of the prior art comprising a circuit breaker. such screen.
• Such simplification by reducing the number of parts involved in moving the screen, also reduces the risk of internal boot related to the screen displacement system.
• the first constraint means may further comprise at least one second abutment integral in displacement at the second contact and which is adapted to abut on a second abutment arranged on the screen so as to constrain the elastic stress means.
• Such a second stop by a potential installation on a part of the circuit breaker secured to the second contact, such as the nozzle, allows further simplification vis-à-vis a circuit breaker of the prior art.
• Such a second stop therefore allows a simpler design and circuit breaker assembly compared with a circuit breaker of the prior art having a removable screen and the provision of a circuit breaker with a reduced weight vis-à-vis a circuit breaker. prior art.
• the second stop is formed of at least one integral member moving with the second contact, said member being housed in a guide arranged on the screen which comprises a first and a second end respectively forming the second and third abutment for the organ.
• Such a combination between an integral member moving to the second contact and such a guide arranged on the screen provides a first means of securing in displacement which limits the relative movements of the screen vis-à-vis the second contact
• the guide may comprise a groove in the screen in which the member slides, the two ends of said groove being closed so as to limit the relative movements accessible for the screen relative to the second contact.
• Such a groove makes it possible to provide a guide for the body which is relatively simple without the presence of such a guide inducing an increase in the mass of the circuit breaker.
• the circuit breaker may extend along a longitudinal axis, the relative displacements in translation of the first and second contacts and the third and fourth contacts being axial displacements, the screen being mounted mobile in translation relative to the first, second, third and fourth contacts along the longitudinal axis.
• the predefined position of the screen from which the screen is secured in movement with one of the first and third contacts may be a position in which the respective ends of the first and third contacts and the screen which are next to the second contact are at the same axial dimension.
• Such a predefined position of the screen allows the latter to be interposed between the first and the second contact with the respective ends of the first and third contact and the screen which are opposite the second contact substantially in the same orthogonal plane to the longitudinal axis.
• Such a position is particularly suitable for improving the distribution of the electromagnetic field with respect to the first and third contacts.
• the predefined position of the screen from which the screen is secured in displacement with one of the first and third contacts may be a position in which the end of the screen which is opposite the second contact is shifted in the direction of the second contact relative to the same ends of the first and third contacts.
• the first and third contacts can be secured in displacement, the second and fourth contacts being integral in displacement.
• the first stop can be arranged on the third contact.
• Such displacement is particularly adapted so that the system of displacement of the screen does not cause a degradation of the blowing of an arc forming between the first and the second contact during the passage of the circuit breaker from the open position to the closed position .
• the third contact does not have to be arranged, unlike the first contact in a usual configuration of a circuit breaker, to translate into a blowing nozzle.
• a first stop arranged on the third contact it it is not necessary to adapt the blowing nozzle to take into account a stop arranged on the first contact.
• the blowing nozzle can be optimized to blow such an arc without having to take into account such a stop.
• a blowing nozzle adapted to promote the blowing of an arc formed between the first and the second contact during the passage of the circuit breaker from the closed position to the open position, said blowing nozzle being secured to the second contact, the screen being secured to said blowing nozzle by the first securing means in displacement.
• FIGS. 1a and 1b respectively illustrate an external view and a view in longitudinal section along the axis A-A of FIG. 1a of an example of a circuit breaker according to the invention in the closed position
• FIG. 2 illustrates a sectional view along the axis A-A of the circuit breaker illustrated in FIGS. 1a and 1b in an open position;
• Figure 3 illustrates a sectional view along the axis AA of the circuit breaker illustrated in Figures la, lb and 2 in the intermediate position between the closed position and the open position.
• the different parts shown in the figures are not necessarily in a uniform scale, to make the figures more readable.
• FIGs la and lb illustrate a high voltage circuit breaker 1 according to the invention.
• Such a circuit breaker 1 has a so-called closed position, illustrated in Figure lb, in which it passes the current and a so-called open position, illustrated in Figure 2, in which it cuts the current.
• the circuit breaker 1 extends along a longitudinal axis with a cylindrical outer envelope.
• Such a circuit breaker 1 comprises:
• first and second contacts 10, 20 movable in translation relative to each other so that in the closed position the first and the second contact 10, 20 are in electrical contact and in the open position the first and the second contact 10, 20 at a distance from each other, the first and second contacts 10, 20 being said arcing contacts,
• a third and a fourth contact 30, 40 electrically connected respectively to the first and second contacts 10, 20, the third and fourth contacts 30, 40 being translatable relative to one another so that in the closed position the third and the fourth contact 30, 40 are in electrical contact and that in the open position the third and the fourth contact 30, 40 are at a distance one of the other, the third and fourth contacts 30, 40 being said main contacts,
• a blast nozzle 50 adapted to promote the blowing of an arc formed between the first and second contacts 10, 20 during the passage of the circuit breaker from the closed position to the open position
• a screen 60 arranged to be interposed between the first and third contacts 10, 30 in the open position, said screen 60 being mounted in translation with respect to the first, second, third and fourth contacts 10, 20, 30 , 40.
• the first and second contacts 10, 20 both extend in the center of the circuit breaker along the longitudinal axis of the circuit breaker 1.
• the first contact 10 has a generally cylindrical shape with the base opposite the second contact 20 in the shape of a half-sphere.
• the first contact 10 is mounted to move in translation along the longitudinal axis of the circuit breaker 1 by means of a rod 11 which extends it in the direction opposite to the second contact 20.
• the second contact 20 has a generally tulip shape adapted to receive the first contact 10.
• the second contact 20 thus comprises a plurality of elastic and conductive strips 21 delimiting a reception cavity of the first contact 10 s' opening towards the first contact 10 and extending along the longitudinal axis of the circuit breaker 1.
• the second contact 20 is surrounded by a cover 25 of revolution also delimiting a passage for the first contact 10 so as to allow the introduction of the first contact 10 into the reception cavity of the second contact 20.
• the second contact 20 and the cover 25 are both attached to the blast nozzle 50.
• the blast nozzle 50 has a symmetry of revolution about the longitudinal axis of the circuit breaker 1 and comprises a passage cavity 51 adapted for the passage of the first contact 10.
• the passage cavity 51 of the blast nozzle 50 comprises a central zone whose inner diameter is slightly greater than that of the reception cavity of the second contact 20 and two lateral zones respectively corresponding to the first and second contact. 10, 20, which are flared with respect to the central zone.
• the second contact 20 and blow nozzle assembly 50 is moved in the circuit breaker 1 by means of a spreader 55 connected to the blow nozzle 50 at its end of the lateral zone corresponding to the second contact 20 to a guide cylinder 56.
• This lifter 55 is moved relatively to the outer casing of the circuit breaker 1 by means of a rod and a rod, according to a principle similar to that described in document FR 2953639.
• the blast nozzle 50 is fixed at its end of the lateral zone corresponding to the second contact 20 to a guide cylinder 56.
• the guide cylinder 56 has a symmetry of revolution with a first part extending perpendicular to the longitudinal axis from the blowing nozzle 50 towards the outside of the circuit breaker 1 and by which it is fixed to the blast nozzle 50 and a second part which extends axially around the blast nozzle 50 from the first part towards the blast nozzle 50; Second contact 20.
• the guide cylinder 56 has, as illustrated in Figure lb, an inverted L-shaped section.
• the guide cylinder 56 has on its second part two fixing orifices 26 accommodating and each fixing a member 57 forming a second abutment.
• Each member 57 extends substantially perpendicular to the outside of the circuit breaker 1.
• Each member 57 has a generally cylindrical shape.
• Each of the members 57 is housed in a corresponding guide groove 61 which is arranged in the screen 60.
• the screen 60 has the general shape of a hollow cylinder with an inside diameter greater than the maximum diameter of the first contact 10.
• the screen 60 comprises, at the end of the screen 60 which is opposite the second contact 20, a curvature towards the interior of the circuit breaker 1.
• the screen 60 is formed of a material adapted to isolate the first contact 10 of the third contact 30 such as a material with a high dielectric or metallic constant.
• the screen 60 is mounted mobile in translation with respect to the first contact 10 along the longitudinal axis of the circuit breaker 1. In this way, the screen 60 is mounted to move in translation opposite first, second, third and fourth contacts 10, 20, 30, 40.
• the screen 60 has two guide grooves 61 each receiving one of the members 57 attached to the guide cylinder 56, and extending substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the circuit breaker 1.
• Each of the guide grooves 61 is a groove arranged over the entire thickness of the screen and which is therefore through.
• Such a housing members 57 in the guide grooves 61 of the screen 60 ensures that the screen 60 can translate relative to the guide cylinder 56, and therefore the second contact 20, a distance corresponding to the length guide grooves 61.
• the ends 61a, 61b of each of the guide grooves 61 form second and third abutments for the corresponding member 57.
• the screen 60 is secured in displacement with the blast nozzle 50, and therefore with the second contact 20, by means of two springs 58 adapted to constrain the screen 60 so as to put the members 57 in abutment on the end 61b of the corresponding guide groove 61 which is opposed to the second contact 20.
• the forces of stress are provided by a sizing of the springs 58 adapted so that they are in compression when the members 57 are abutting on the ends 61b opposite the second contact 20 of the corresponding guide grooves 61.
• the two springs 58 are each fixed by one of their ends to the screen 60, and, for the other of their ends, to the spreader 55.
• the spreader 55 comprises a longitudinal housing for each of the springs 58 so as to keep them in place during the manufacture of the circuit breaker 1.
• the guide cylinder 56, the members 57, the guide grooves 61 formed in the screen 60, the springs 58 form means of securing in displacement adapted to make the screen 60 integral with one of the second and fourth contacts 20, 40 during the passage of the circuit breaker 1 from the closed position to the open position.
• Each spring 58 forms a means of elastic stress.
• the screen 60 also has two projections 62 each adapted to counter-abut against a stop of the third contact. Such projection extends from the outer surface of the screen 60 towards the third contact 30, that is to say opposite to the longitudinal axis of the circuit breaker 1.
• Each of the two projections 62 is positioned at one of the guide grooves 61 by extending the end 61b of said guide groove 61 which is opposed to the second contact 20.
• the surface of each of said projections 62 on which a stop of the third contact 30 abuts is opposite the second and fourth contacts 20, 40.
• the third contact 30 comprises a body of generally hollow cylinder whose internal diameter is greater than the outer diameter of the screen 60.
• the third contact 30 also comprises a plurality of flexible strips 31 and conductive adapted to be, when the circuit breaker 1 is in the closed position, in contact with the fourth contact.
• the third contact is secured in displacement with the first contact 10 this by a mounting of the rod supporting the first contact 10 on the third contact 30.
• the end of the third contact 30 and that of the first contact 10 which are opposite the second contact 20 are substantially in a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the circuit breaker 1, that is to say that said ends of the first and third contacts 10, 30 have the same axial dimension.
• the third contact 30 comprises two cylindrical pieces 32 forming first stops and arranged to abut each on one of the projections 62 of the screen 60. Each of these cylindrical pieces 32 is disposed in a respective orifice arranged on the third contact So that each of the cylindrical pieces 32 extends from the third contact 30 towards the longitudinal axis of the circuit breaker 1.
• the cylindrical parts 32 are arranged on the third contact 30, so that they abut on the projections 62 of the screen 60 when the screen 60 penetrates the plane defined by the ends of the first and third contacts 10, 30 which are opposite the second contact 20.
• the cylindrical parts 32 abut the projections 62 of the screen 60 when the latter has its end which is opposite the second contact 20 at the same dimension axial that the ends facing the respective second contact 20 of the first and the third contact 10, 30.
• the abutment of the cylindrical parts 32 constrains the screen 60 to a relative position in which its end facing the second contact 20 is at the same dimension as the same ends of the first and third contacts 10, 30 this by a stress applied to the springs 58 which inhibits the stress of the springs 58 linked to the relative displacement of the second contact 20.
• the screen in this relative position of the screen 60 with respect to the first and the second contact 10, 20, the screen is made integral. in displacement of the first and third contact 10, 30 and the first securing means are inhibited by a stressing of the springs 58. In such a relative position, the screen is interposed between the first and the third contact and allows to improve the distribution of the electric field between the first and third contacts 10, 30.
• the relative position of the screen 60 with respect to the first and third contacts 10, 30 when the cylindrical parts 32 abut the projections 62 of the screen 60 may be different so that the end of the screen 60 that is in the second contact 20 is positioned forwardly vis-à-vis the same ends of the first and the third contact 10, 30.
• the cylindrical pieces 57 and the projections 62 of the screen 60 form second securing means adapted to move the screen 60 in motion together with a contact between the first and third contacts 10, 30 during the passage of the circuit breaker 1. the closed position at the open position this from a predefined position of the screen 60 with respect to said contact 10, 30.
• the flexible strips 31 of the third contact 30 are adapted to, when the circuit breaker 1 is in the closed position, rest on the outer surface of the fourth contact 40 so as to ensure electrical contact between the third and the fourth contact 30, 40 .
• the fourth contact 40 has the general shape of a hollow cylinder with an inside diameter greater than the outside diameter of the second contact 20 and the blast nozzle 50.
• the fourth contact 40 is secured in displacement with the second contact 20 by mounting on the blow nozzle 50 which is itself mounted integral with the second contact 20.
• the various elements of the circuit breaker 1 are moved as follows.
• the first and third contacts 10, 30 are translated relative to the second and fourth contacts 20, 40 so as to separate them from the latter and cut off the electrical contact between the first and second contacts 10, 20 and between the third and fourth contact 30, 40.
• the screen 60 is during this first phase made integral with the second contact 20 by the stress applied by the springs 58 which abuts the members 57 on the end 61b of the guide groove
• the screen 60 is, at the same time as the second and the fourth contacts 20, 40, translated relative to the first and third contacts 10, 30 closer to them.
• the cylindrical parts 32 return in abutment with the projections 62 of the screen 60 and thus stress the springs 58 to inhibit the first securing means.
• the screen 60 remains in the same position relative to the first and third contacts 10, 30 in which it is inserted between these two latter.
• the screen 60 is made integral in displacement with the first and the third contact 10, 30 and remains interposed between the first and the third contact 10, 30 when the circuit breaker arrives in the open position.
• the screen 60 makes it possible to improve the distribution of the electric field between the first and third contacts 10, in a manner similar to the improvement observed in the document FR 2953639.
• the passage of the circuit breaker 1 from the open position to the closed position is also in two phases according to a similar principle.
• a first phase the cylindrical pieces 32 remain in abutment by a plating of the screen 60 by the springs 58, the screen 60 thus remaining integral in displacement of the first and third contacts 10, 30.
• the members 57 abut on the end 61b of the corresponding guide grooves 61 which is opposite to the second contact 20.
• the first moving securing means are no longer inhibited, the screen 60 becomes integral in displacement of the second contact 20 and away from the first and third contacts 10, 30 as the second contact and the fourth contact 20, 40 are moved in contact respectively with the first and the third contact 10, 30.
• the screen 60 is thus in the closed position of the circuit breaker 1 away from the extinction cavity and without the risk of influencing the s blowing the arc when opening the circuit breaker 1 next time.
• the first and third contacts 10, 30 are integral in displacement and the second and fourth contacts 20, 40 are also integral in displacement
• the principle of the invention can also s' adapt on circuit breakers having a kinematic opening and closing in which the first and the third contact 10, 30 are not integral displacement and / or the second and fourth contact 20, 40 are not integral displacement, this without that we leave the scope of the invention.
• the second securing means are adapted so that the screen is integral in displacement with respect to one of the first and third contacts 10, 30 to from a position relative to said contact adapted so that the screen is inserted between the first and third contacts 10, 30 in the open position.
• the first stop can also be arranged on the first contact 10 instead of being arranged on the third contact 30, this without departing from the scope of the invention.

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• 2013
  • 2013-07-08 FR FR1356703A patent/FR3008225B1/fr active Active
• 2014
  • 2014-07-07 WO PCT/EP2014/064458 patent/WO2015004061A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2014-07-07 EP EP14736786.6A patent/EP3020058B1/de active Active

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