EP3012574A1 - Device for controllably releasing pressure of an active system - Google Patents

Device for controllably releasing pressure of an active system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3012574A1
EP3012574A1 EP15003034.4A EP15003034A EP3012574A1 EP 3012574 A1 EP3012574 A1 EP 3012574A1 EP 15003034 A EP15003034 A EP 15003034A EP 3012574 A1 EP3012574 A1 EP 3012574A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
channel
explosive charge
opening
initiation
active system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15003034.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3012574B1 (en
EP3012574B8 (en
Inventor
Markus Graswald
Herbert Schalk
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TDW Gesellschaft fuer Verteidigungstechnische Wirksysteme mbH
Original Assignee
TDW Gesellschaft fuer Verteidigungstechnische Wirksysteme mbH
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Publication of EP3012574B1 publication Critical patent/EP3012574B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/22—Elements for controlling or guiding the detonation wave, e.g. tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B39/00—Packaging or storage of ammunition or explosive charges; Safety features thereof; Cartridge belts or bags
    • F42B39/14—Explosion or fire protection arrangements on packages or ammunition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B39/00—Packaging or storage of ammunition or explosive charges; Safety features thereof; Cartridge belts or bags
    • F42B39/20—Packages or ammunition having valves for pressure-equalising; Packages or ammunition having plugs for pressure release, e.g. meltable ; Blow-out panels; Venting arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
    • F42C19/0838—Primers or igniters for the initiation or the explosive charge in a warhead
    • F42C19/0842—Arrangements of a multiplicity of primers or detonators, dispersed within a warhead, for multiple mode selection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for controllable pressure relief of an active system, comprising a disposed in a shell explosive charge and a combined ignition device for deflagrative and detonative initiation of the explosive charge.
  • the deflagrative implementation takes place spatially and temporally stable. This results from the rates of energy dissipation compared to energy production, whereby various system parameters such as initiation, explosive charge characteristics, and detonation and venting of the explosive charge are relevant. For a specific active charge system there is thus a certain combination of these parameters.
  • the present invention therefore focuses on the necessary venting during deflagration, so that it can run stable even with complete cessation of the active charge.
  • the US 2011/0 203 475 A1 shows the aforementioned arrangement of two ignition points with an independently selectable ignition.
  • An air space is arranged around an inner explosive charge arranged along the central axis, which in turn is surrounded by tubes made of plastic or metal.
  • the external explosive charge can also be initiated deflagrativ.
  • the DE 10 2009 017 160 C2 concerns an active charge with three arranged on the central axis ignition points, with the help of which not only the power of the active charge, but also the size of the radially emitted splitter is adjustable.
  • One of the ignition points causes the deflagration of the explosive charge.
  • the DE 100 08 914 C2 is the basic principle of an active charge with two arranged on the central axis and oppositely acting ignition points known. By selecting the ignition timing, the detonated output power can be set in a very wide range.
  • the invention has for its object to provide for an effective system a suitable vent for the case of deflagrativen implementation of the explosive charge, which avoids a destructive influence on the shell of the active system.
  • the object is achieved in that the means for pressure relief before or simultaneously with the initiation of the deflagrative reaction of the explosive charge can be triggered, that the means for pressure relief in or immediately adjacent to the ignition device is arranged and that the means for pressure relief has at least one channel , which is controlled to open and connects the interior of the active system with the external environment of the active system.
  • FIG. 1 a simplified schematic section through an ignition device ZE, which includes both a first ignition point Z1 for detonative initiation as well as a further ignition Z2 deflagrative for initiation of the igniter ZE surrounding explosive charge SP.
  • the housing G of the ignition device ZE is connected to a part of the casing HE of the active system.
  • the first ignition Z1 is executed in the embodiment as an annular explosive charge S1. This is initiated in such a way that its preferred direction of movement 1 extends radially to the main axis H of the active system, so that a uniform as possible initiation of the explosive charge SP in all radial directions can be achieved.
  • a first EFI (Exploding Foil Initiator) E1 is used as primary igniter, which is mounted on a plate P, which covers the annular explosive charge S1 on one side. Ignition leads of the same length are provided in the plate P starting from the EFI E1 and leading to detonators D, which in turn bear against the annular explosive charge.
  • at least two uniformly distributed on the surface of the annular explosive charge S1 arranged detonators D are used.
  • the further ignition point Z2 for the deflagrative initiation can also have a further EFI E2 as a primary igniter. This then acts via a booster charge V on a charge that is designed for example as a detonating cord SS or better than an adapted explosive charge core.
  • a booster charge V By means of the relative position of the ignition times of the first and the further ignition point can then be Set power output of the active system on the ratio of detonatively converted explosive to deflagrative converted explosive.
  • the pressure relief device is designed in this embodiment as a central and in the direction of the main axis H of the active system extending tubular channel K. This begins immediately at the other EFI E2 and leads through the said part of the envelope HE and the opening O to the outside. Thus, this channel K is on the one hand for immediate pressure relief after the ignition of the other EFI E2, wherein the opening O of the channel K is released. On the other hand acts 1, the annular explosive charge S1 not only on the explosive charge SP, but it also opens the channel K, which also a pressure relief to the outside is possible.
  • the required cross-sectional area of the channel K experience has shown that at least 7 mm 2 and based on the average cross-sectional area of the explosive charge SP at least 1/1000 thereof - regardless of the thickness of the shell. This applies, for example, to explosive charges with an inner diameter of 50 mm, with a channel cross-sectional area of 1/50 of the cross-sectional area of the explosive charge being sought even in this case.
  • the cross-sectional area of the pressure relief opening O increases less than proportionally to the diameter of the explosive charge SP, the larger this diameter is selected.
  • the pressure relief opening O should be located where the deflagration begins and thereby the pressure also increases first. This is in any case cheaper than venting over a cover arranged in the sheath of the active system or via predetermined breaking points or openings in the sheath. By timely and sustained venting over the time of deflagration, a pressure level within the explosive charge is achieved which maintains a stable deflagration reaction.
  • FIG. 2 a second embodiment with at least one outside of the igniter housing G arranged venting channel K is shown.
  • the ignition points Z1 and Z2 for the deflagrative and the detonative initiation of the explosive charge SP are arranged as well as in the embodiment in the FIG. 1 , wherein due to the elimination of the central and in the direction of the main axis H of the active system extending channel and the plate P is omitted with the ignition energy distribution, which covers the explosive charge S1 on one side. Instead, a central EFI E11 is provided on the main axis H.
  • the initiation of the deflagrative implementation of the explosive charge SP is carried out in the same manner as in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 using the EFI E2.
  • the pressure relief takes place here by means of at least one ventilation duct K, which starts in the immediate vicinity of the ignition Z2 for the deflagrative initiation and leads to the outside of the igniter housing G along a short path to the outside. Again, the above minimum cross-sectional area must be observed.
  • the possible embodiments of the ventilation duct K can be adapted to the design of the igniter housing. Is exemplary in the FIG. 3 once a version with three tubular channels K shown and on the other hand, a design with a coaxial on the outside of the igniter housing G circulating channel K, which is supported by means of webs or struts S to the igniter housing G.
  • This channel K also leads through openings O in the envelope HE of the active system to the outside.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Road Paving Machines (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung an der Zündeinrichtung eines Wirksystems, welches zur Druckentlastung vor oder gleichzeitig mit der Initiierung der deflagrativen Reaktion der Sprengladung auslösbar ist und wenigstens einen Kanal aufweist, der gesteuert zu öffnen ist und den Innenraum des Wirksystems mit der externen Umgebung des Wirksystems verbindet.The invention relates to a device on the ignition device of an active system which can be triggered before or simultaneously with the initiation of the deflagrative reaction of the explosive charge and has at least one channel which is controlled to open and connects the interior of the active system with the external environment of the active system ,

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung zur steuerbaren Druckentlastung eines Wirksystems, umfassend eine in einer Hülle angeordnete Sprengladung sowie eine kombinierte Zündeinrichtung für deflagrative und detonative Initiierung der Sprengladung.The invention relates to a device for controllable pressure relief of an active system, comprising a disposed in a shell explosive charge and a combined ignition device for deflagrative and detonative initiation of the explosive charge.

Eine wichtige Voraussetzung ist dabei jedoch, dass die deflagrative Umsetzung räumlich und zeitlich stabil abläuft. Dies ergibt sich aus den Raten der Energiedissipation im Vergleich zur Energieerzeugung, wobei verschiedene Systemparameter wie Initiierung, Sprengladungseigenschaften, sowie Verdämmung und Entlüftung der Sprengladung maßgeblich sind. Für ein spezifisches Wirkladungssystem existiert somit eine bestimmte Kombination dieser Parameter. Die vorliegende Erfindung konzentriert sich deshalb auf die notwendige Entlüftung während einer Deflagration, damit diese auch bei vollständiger Verdämmung der Wirkladung stabil ablaufen kann.An important prerequisite, however, is that the deflagrative implementation takes place spatially and temporally stable. This results from the rates of energy dissipation compared to energy production, whereby various system parameters such as initiation, explosive charge characteristics, and detonation and venting of the explosive charge are relevant. For a specific active charge system there is thus a certain combination of these parameters. The present invention therefore focuses on the necessary venting during deflagration, so that it can run stable even with complete cessation of the active charge.

In der Patentanmeldung DE 10 2014 004 003 B3 ist ein Zündsystem beschrieben, das eine einstellbare Leistungsabgabe des Wirksystems vor dem Erreichen des Zieles in einem weiten Bereich ermöglicht. Hierfür wird das Verhältnis zwischen detonativer und deflagrativer Umsetzung der Sprengladung auf einen gewünschten Wert eingestellt. Dies kann mittels zweier räumlich weit beabstandeter Zündeinrichtungen erfolgen, wie dies aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt ist. Gemäß der neuen Patentanmeldung ist es vorgesehen beide Zündeinrichtungen unmittelbar nebeneinander anzuordnen. Hinsichtlich der Entlüftung des Wirksystems wird jedoch kein Hinweis auf eine wirksame Umsetzung gegeben.In the patent application DE 10 2014 004 003 B3 An ignition system is described which allows an adjustable power output of the active system before reaching the target in a wide range. For this purpose, the ratio between detonative and deflagrative implementation of the explosive charge is set to a desired value. This can be done by means of two spatially widely spaced ignition devices, as is known from the prior art. According to the new patent application, it is provided to arrange both ignition devices directly next to each other. With regard to the venting of the active system, however, no indication of an effective implementation is given.

Die US 2011 / 0 203 475 A1 zeigt die vorgenannte Anordnung zweier Zündstellen mit einem unabhängig voneinander wählbaren Zündzeitpunkt. Um eine innere, entlang der Zentralachse angeordnete Sprengladung ist ein Luftraum angeordnet, der seinerseits von Röhren aus Kunststoff bzw. Metall umgeben ist. Damit kann die äußere Sprengladung auch deflagrativ initiiert werden.The US 2011/0 203 475 A1 shows the aforementioned arrangement of two ignition points with an independently selectable ignition. An air space is arranged around an inner explosive charge arranged along the central axis, which in turn is surrounded by tubes made of plastic or metal. Thus, the external explosive charge can also be initiated deflagrativ.

Die DE 10 2009 017 160 C2 betrifft eine Wirkladung mit drei auf der Zentralachse angeordneten Zündstellen, mit deren Hilfe nicht nur die Leistung der Wirkladung, sondern auch die Größe der radial abgegebenen Splitter einstellbar ist. Eine der Zündstellen bewirkt die Deflagration der Sprengladung.The DE 10 2009 017 160 C2 concerns an active charge with three arranged on the central axis ignition points, with the help of which not only the power of the active charge, but also the size of the radially emitted splitter is adjustable. One of the ignition points causes the deflagration of the explosive charge.

In der DE 100 08 914 C2 ist das Grundprinzip einer Wirkladung mit zwei auf der Zentralachse angeordneten und entgegengesetzt wirkenden Zündstellen bekannt geworden. Mittels Wahl der Zündzeitpunkte kann die detonativ abgegebene Leistung in einem sehr großen Bereich eingestellt werden.In the DE 100 08 914 C2 is the basic principle of an active charge with two arranged on the central axis and oppositely acting ignition points known. By selecting the ignition timing, the detonated output power can be set in a very wide range.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, für ein Wirksystem eine geeignete Entlüftung für den Fall der deflagrativen Umsetzung der Sprengladung anzugeben, welche eine destruktive Beeinflussung der Hülle des Wirksystems vermeidet.The invention has for its object to provide for an effective system a suitable vent for the case of deflagrativen implementation of the explosive charge, which avoids a destructive influence on the shell of the active system.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass die Einrichtung zur Druckentlastung vor oder gleichzeitig mit der Initiierung der deflagrativen Reaktion der Sprengladung auslösbar ist, dass die Einrichtung zur Druckentlastung in der oder unmittelbar benachbart zur Zündeinrichtung angeordnet ist und dass das Mittel zur Druckentlastung wenigstens einen Kanal aufweist, der gesteuert zu öffnen ist und den Innenraum des Wirksystems mit der externen Umgebung des Wirksystems verbindet.The object is achieved in that the means for pressure relief before or simultaneously with the initiation of the deflagrative reaction of the explosive charge can be triggered, that the means for pressure relief in or immediately adjacent to the ignition device is arranged and that the means for pressure relief has at least one channel , which is controlled to open and connects the interior of the active system with the external environment of the active system.

Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind den nachgeordneten Ansprüchen zu entnehmen.Embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt ohne dass die Erfindung darauf eingeschränkt wäre. Sie werden im Folgenden näher beschrieben.Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings without the invention being limited thereto. They are described in more detail below.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1: eine erste Variante mit zentralem Entlüftungskanal innerhalb des Zündergehäuses,
  • Fig. 2: eine zweite Ausführungsform mit wenigstens einem außerhalb des Zündergehäuses angeordneten Entlüftungskanal,
  • Fig. 3: verschiedene Ausführungsformen des Lüftungskanals bei einem Zündergehäuse mit rundem Querschnitt.
Show it:
  • Fig. 1 a first variant with central venting channel inside the igniter housing,
  • Fig. 2 a second embodiment with at least one venting channel located outside the igniter housing,
  • Fig. 3 : Various embodiments of the ventilation duct in an igniter housing with a round cross-section.

In der Figur 1 ist ein schematisch vereinfachter Schnitt durch eine Zündeinrichtung ZE dargestellt, die sowohl eine erste Zündstelle Z1 für detonative Initiierung als auch eine weitere Zündstelle Z2 für deflagrative Initiierung der die Zündeinrichtung ZE umgebenden Sprengladung SP umfasst. Das Gehäuse G der Zündeinrichtung ZE ist mit einem Teil der Hülle HE des Wirksystems verbunden.In the FIG. 1 a simplified schematic section through an ignition device ZE, which includes both a first ignition point Z1 for detonative initiation as well as a further ignition Z2 deflagrative for initiation of the igniter ZE surrounding explosive charge SP. The housing G of the ignition device ZE is connected to a part of the casing HE of the active system.

Die erste Zündstelle Z1 ist im Ausführungsbeispiel als ringförmige Sprengladung S1 ausgeführt. Diese wird derart initiiert, dass ihre Vorzugswirkrichtung 1 radial zur Hauptachse H des Wirksystems verläuft, damit eine möglichst gleichmäßige Initiierung der Sprengladung SP in allen radialen Richtungen erzielt werden kann. Hierfür wird als Primärzünder beispielsweise ein erster EFI (Exploding Foil Initiator) E1 eingesetzt, der auf einer Platte P montiert ist, welche die ringförmige Sprengladung S1 auf einer Seite abdeckt. In der Platte P sind vom EFI E1 ausgehend Zündleitungen gleicher Länge vorgesehen, die zu Detonatoren D führen, die ihrerseits an der ringförmigen Sprengladung anliegen. Hierfür werden mindestens zwei gleichmäßig auf der Oberfläche der ringförmigen Sprengladung S1 verteilt angeordnete Detonatoren D eingesetzt.The first ignition Z1 is executed in the embodiment as an annular explosive charge S1. This is initiated in such a way that its preferred direction of movement 1 extends radially to the main axis H of the active system, so that a uniform as possible initiation of the explosive charge SP in all radial directions can be achieved. For this purpose, for example, a first EFI (Exploding Foil Initiator) E1 is used as primary igniter, which is mounted on a plate P, which covers the annular explosive charge S1 on one side. Ignition leads of the same length are provided in the plate P starting from the EFI E1 and leading to detonators D, which in turn bear against the annular explosive charge. For this purpose, at least two uniformly distributed on the surface of the annular explosive charge S1 arranged detonators D are used.

Auch die weitere Zündstelle Z2 für die deflagrative Initiierung kann einen weiteren EFI E2 als Primärzünder aufweisen. Dieser wirkt dann über eine Verstärkerladung V auf eine Ladung ein, die beispielsweise als Sprengschnur SS oder besser als angepasster Sprengladungskern ausgeführt ist. Mittels der relativen Lage der Zündzeitpunkte der ersten und der weiteren Zündstelle lässt sich dann die Leistungsabgabe des Wirksystems über das Verhältnis von detonativ umgesetztem Sprengstoff zu deflagrativ umgesetzten Sprengstoff einstellen.The further ignition point Z2 for the deflagrative initiation can also have a further EFI E2 as a primary igniter. This then acts via a booster charge V on a charge that is designed for example as a detonating cord SS or better than an adapted explosive charge core. By means of the relative position of the ignition times of the first and the further ignition point can then be Set power output of the active system on the ratio of detonatively converted explosive to deflagrative converted explosive.

Das erfindungsgemäße Mittel zur Druckentlastung ist in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel als zentraler und in Richtung der Hauptachse H des Wirksystems verlaufender rohrförmiger Kanal K ausgebildet. Dieser beginnt unmittelbar am weiteren EFI E2 und führt bis durch den genannten Teil der Hülle HE und die Öffnung O ins Freie. Somit dient dieser Kanal K zum einen zur unmittelbaren Druckentlastung nach der Zündung des weiteren EFI E2, wobei die Öffnung O des Kanals K frei gegeben wird. Zum anderen wirkt 1 die ringförmigen Sprengladung S1 nicht nur auf die Sprengladung SP, sondern sie öffnet auch den Kanal K, wodurch ebenfalls eine Druckentlastung nach außen möglich wird.The pressure relief device according to the invention is designed in this embodiment as a central and in the direction of the main axis H of the active system extending tubular channel K. This begins immediately at the other EFI E2 and leads through the said part of the envelope HE and the opening O to the outside. Thus, this channel K is on the one hand for immediate pressure relief after the ignition of the other EFI E2, wherein the opening O of the channel K is released. On the other hand acts 1, the annular explosive charge S1 not only on the explosive charge SP, but it also opens the channel K, which also a pressure relief to the outside is possible.

Hinsichtlich der erforderlichen Querschnittsfläche des Kanal K gilt erfahrungsgemäß, dass wenigstens 7 mm2 und bezogen auf die mittlere Querschnittsfläche der Sprengladung SP mindestens 1/1000 davon - ohne Berücksichtigung der Dicke der Hülle beträgt. Die gilt beispielsweise für Sprengladungen mit einem Innendurchmesser von 50 mm, wobei bereits in diesem Fall eher eine Kanalquerschnittsfläche von 1/50 der Querschnittsfläche der Sprengladung angestrebt wird. Grundsätzlich gilt, dass die Querschnittsfläche der Druckentlastungsöffnung O weniger als proportional zum Durchmesser der Sprengladung SP anwächst je größer dieser Durchmesser gewählt wird.With regard to the required cross-sectional area of the channel K, experience has shown that at least 7 mm 2 and based on the average cross-sectional area of the explosive charge SP at least 1/1000 thereof - regardless of the thickness of the shell. This applies, for example, to explosive charges with an inner diameter of 50 mm, with a channel cross-sectional area of 1/50 of the cross-sectional area of the explosive charge being sought even in this case. In principle, the cross-sectional area of the pressure relief opening O increases less than proportionally to the diameter of the explosive charge SP, the larger this diameter is selected.

Grundsätzlich soll die Druckentlastungsöffnung O dort angeordnet sein, wo die Deflagration beginnt und hierdurch der Druck auch zuerst ansteigt. Dies ist in jedem Fall günstiger als eine Entlüftung über einen in der Hülle des Wirksystems angeordneten Deckel oder über Sollbruchstellen oder Öffnungen in der Hülle. Mittels der rechtzeitigen und andauernden Entlüftung über die Zeit der Deflagration wird ein Druckniveau innerhalb der Sprengladung erzielt, das eine stabile Deflagrationsreaktion aufrecht erhält.Basically, the pressure relief opening O should be located where the deflagration begins and thereby the pressure also increases first. This is in any case cheaper than venting over a cover arranged in the sheath of the active system or via predetermined breaking points or openings in the sheath. By timely and sustained venting over the time of deflagration, a pressure level within the explosive charge is achieved which maintains a stable deflagration reaction.

Entscheidend ist der Zeitpunkt der Öffnung der Druckentlastung. Dieser muss rechtzeitig vor der Initiierung der Deflagration stattfinden, damit während der hochlaufenden Deflagration ein zu rascher Druckaufbau vermieden wird. Weiterhin ist es durchaus hilfreich, schon aus Redundanzgründen wenigstens eine zweite Druckentlastungsöffnung vorzusehen, wobei die Summe der Querschnitte die angegebene Mindestquerschnittsfläche erreichen muss.Decisive is the time of opening the pressure relief. This must take place in good time before the initiation of the deflagration, so that too rapid pressure build-up is avoided during the high-speed deflagration. Furthermore, it is quite helpful, even for redundancy reasons to provide at least a second pressure relief opening, wherein the sum of the cross sections must reach the specified minimum cross-sectional area.

In der Figur 2 ist eine zweite Ausführungsform mit wenigstens einem außerhalb des Zündergehäuses G angeordneten Entlüftungskanal K dargestellt. Die Zündstellen Z1 und Z2 für die deflagrative und die detonative Initiierung der Sprengladung SP sind ebenso angeordnet wie im Ausführungsbeispiel in der Figur 1, wobei aufgrund des Entfalls des zentralen und in Richtung der Hauptachse H des Wirksystems verlaufenden Kanals auch die Platte P mit der Zündenergieverteilung entfällt, welche die Sprengladung S1 auf einer Seite abdeckt. Es ist stattdessen ein zentraler EFI E11 auf der Hauptachse H vorgesehen. Die Initiierung der deflagrativen Umsetzung der Sprengladung SP erfolgt in gleicher Weise wie beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 1 mittels des EFI E2.In the FIG. 2 a second embodiment with at least one outside of the igniter housing G arranged venting channel K is shown. The ignition points Z1 and Z2 for the deflagrative and the detonative initiation of the explosive charge SP are arranged as well as in the embodiment in the FIG. 1 , wherein due to the elimination of the central and in the direction of the main axis H of the active system extending channel and the plate P is omitted with the ignition energy distribution, which covers the explosive charge S1 on one side. Instead, a central EFI E11 is provided on the main axis H. The initiation of the deflagrative implementation of the explosive charge SP is carried out in the same manner as in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 using the EFI E2.

Die Druckentlastung findet hier mittels mindestens einen Lüftungskanals K statt, der in unmittelbarer Nähe zur Zündstelle Z2 für die deflagrative Initiierung beginnt und an der Außenseite des Zündergehäuses G entlang auf kurzem Weg ins Freie führt. Auch hier ist die oben genannte Mindestquerschnittsfläche einzuhalten.The pressure relief takes place here by means of at least one ventilation duct K, which starts in the immediate vicinity of the ignition Z2 for the deflagrative initiation and leads to the outside of the igniter housing G along a short path to the outside. Again, the above minimum cross-sectional area must be observed.

Die möglichen Ausführungsformen des Lüftungskanals K können der Bauform des Zündergehäuses angepasst werden. Beispielhaft ist in der Figur 3 einmal eine Version mit drei rohrförmigen Kanälen K dargestellt und zum anderen eine Ausführung mit einem koaxialen auf der Außenseite des Zündergehäuses G umlaufenden Kanal K, der sich mittels Stegen oder Streben S an dem Zündergehäuse G abstützt. Auch dieser Kanal K führt über Öffnungen O in der Hülle HE des Wirksystems ins Freie. Es kann eine Vorrichtung zum Verschluss des Kanals K gegenüber Umwelteinflüssen vorgesehen sein, welche etwa zeitgleich mit der Initiierung der deflagrativen Umsetzung geöffnet oder entfernt wird.The possible embodiments of the ventilation duct K can be adapted to the design of the igniter housing. Is exemplary in the FIG. 3 once a version with three tubular channels K shown and on the other hand, a design with a coaxial on the outside of the igniter housing G circulating channel K, which is supported by means of webs or struts S to the igniter housing G. This channel K also leads through openings O in the envelope HE of the active system to the outside. There may be provided a device for closing the channel K to environmental influences, which is opened or removed at about the same time as the initiation of the deflagrative reaction.

Claims (9)

Einrichtung zur steuerbaren Druckentlastung eines Wirksystems, umfassend eine in einer Hülle angeordnete Sprengladung (SP) sowie eine kombinierte Zündeinrichtung (ZE) für deflagrative und detonative Initiierung der Sprengladung (SP),
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Einrichtung zur Druckentlastung vor oder gleichzeitig mit der Initiierung der deflagrativen Reaktion der Sprengladung (SP) auslösbar ist,
dass die Einrichtung zur Druckentlastung in der oder unmittelbar benachbart zur Zündeinrichtung angeordnet ist,
dass die Einrichtung zur Druckentlastung wenigstens einen Kanal (K) aufweist, der gesteuert zu öffnen (O) ist und den Innenraum des Wirksystems mit der externen Umgebung des Wirksystems verbindet, wodurch eine Druckentlastung während der Deflagration nach außen möglich wird.Device for the controllable pressure relief of an active system, comprising an explosive charge (SP) arranged in a casing as well as a combined ignition device (ZE) for deflagrative and detonative initiation of the explosive charge (SP),
characterized,
that the device for releasing pressure can be triggered before or simultaneously with the initiation of the deflagrative reaction of the explosive charge (SP),
that the means for pressure relief in the or immediately adjacent to the ignition device is arranged,
in that the pressure-release device has at least one channel (K) which is controlled to open (O) and connects the interior of the active system to the external environment of the active system, whereby a pressure relief during deflagration to the outside is possible. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kanal (K) einen Mindestquerschnitt aufweist, der vom Durchmesser der Sprengladung abhängt und mit wachsendem Ladungsdurchmesser degressiv und mit intensiverer Initiierung progressiv zunimmt.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the channel (K) has a minimum cross-section, which depends on the diameter of the explosive charge and progressively increases with increasing charge diameter degressive and with more intensive initiation. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Querschnittsfläche des Kanals (K) wenigstens 7 mm2 und in Abhängigkeit vom Durchmesser der Sprengladung typischerweise zwischen 1/1000 und 1/50 der Querschnittsfläche der Sprengladung beträgt.Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the channel (K) is at least 7 mm 2 and depending on the diameter of the explosive charge typically between 1/1000 and 1/50 of the cross-sectional area of the explosive charge. Einrichtung nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Öffnung (O) des Kanals (K) zeitlich steuerbar ist oder zeitweise permanent offen ist.Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the opening (O) of the channel (K) is temporally controllable or temporarily permanently open. Einrichtung nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Öffnung (O) des Kanals (K) mit Hilfe eines Antriebs erfolgt.Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the opening (O) of the channel (K) takes place by means of a drive. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Zeitpunkt der Öffnung des Kanals (K) zwischen der Schärfung der Zündeinrichtung (ZE) und der deflagrativen Initiierung frei wählbar ist.Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the time of opening of the channel (K) between the sharpening of the ignition device (ZE) and the deflagrativen initiation is freely selectable. Einrichtung nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Öffnung des Kanals (K) in Abhängigkeit vom Erreichen einer wählbaren Beschleunigung, insbesondere in Richtung der Hauptachse (H) des Wirkkörpers, aktivierbar ist.Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the opening of the channel (K) in response to the attainment of a selectable acceleration, in particular in the direction of the main axis (H) of the active body, can be activated. Einrichtung nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Öffnung des Kanals (K) mittels wenigstens eines Gasgenerators erfolgt.Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the opening of the channel (K) by means of at least one gas generator. Einrichtung nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Öffnung des Kanals (K) anhand eingearbeiteter Sollbruchstellen bei einem zuvor definierten Mindestdruck erfolgt.Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the opening of the channel (K) takes place on the basis of incorporated predetermined breaking points at a previously defined minimum pressure.
EP15003034.4A 2014-10-24 2015-10-22 Device for controllably releasing pressure of an active system Not-in-force EP3012574B8 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2720278T3 (en) 2019-07-19
DE102014015877B3 (en) 2015-08-20
EP3012574B1 (en) 2019-03-06
US9766048B2 (en) 2017-09-19
EP3012574B8 (en) 2019-05-15
US20160116261A1 (en) 2016-04-28

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