EP3012202B1 - Device for opening bags in waste collections and method for same - Google Patents
Device for opening bags in waste collections and method for same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3012202B1 EP3012202B1 EP14003598.1A EP14003598A EP3012202B1 EP 3012202 B1 EP3012202 B1 EP 3012202B1 EP 14003598 A EP14003598 A EP 14003598A EP 3012202 B1 EP3012202 B1 EP 3012202B1
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- elements
- tearing
- control unit
- pressing
- bags
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 8
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B69/00—Unpacking of articles or materials, not otherwise provided for
- B65B69/0008—Opening and emptying bags
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for opening bags in waste mixtures and a method for opening bags in waste mixtures.
- a device of the type in question is for example from the EP 0 686 562 B1 known.
- the device disclosed there comprises groups of tearing elements which are movable in such a way that tensile forces can be generated by relative movement between tearing elements of different groups.
- the tearing forces arise from the fact that change due to the relative movement, the distances of the tearing elements of different groups to each other.
- the tearing elements are suitable for transferring the tearing forces to sacks present in a waste mixture. This happens because the tearing elements on the bags come to engage and ultimately the material of the bags is torn due to the relative movement. The breaking forces therefore result from the drive power with which the tearing elements are moved.
- the tearing elements effect and / or assist the conveyance of the waste mixture through the device. This can also lead to the tearing of material of the bags by the mere attack of individual tearing elements on sacks in the waste mixture.
- the high efficiency of the device or the method of the type in question results significantly from the relative movements of Tear-open elements of individual groups to each other. Only by this relative movement is achieved in terms of energy use satisfactory efficiency in the sack opening by tearing.
- the tearing of the material of the bags is to be understood as a tearing in the broadest sense, i. that it can also lead to a slitting or slicing of bags, depending on how the exact contact between the tear-open element and the bag designed.
- all these processes in which the tearing elements act on the material of the sacks and sever them at least in places to open the sacks will be referred to below as tearing operations and the forces transmitted to the sacks by the tearing elements as tearing forces.
- the tear-open elements are moved in a kind of "stop-and-go operation". This means that a first group of tearing elements initially stands still while a second group of tearing elements moves, creating a relative movement between the tearing elements. After a certain time or after passing through a certain range of motion, the first group of tearing elements would now be set in motion and after a short common movement phase, the movement of the second group is stopped by tearing elements, which in turn a relative movement between the tearing elements of different groups is generated.
- the invention is therefore based on the object to provide an apparatus and a method of the type in question, which have a lower energy consumption compared to the prior art.
- the device according to the invention provides a drive control, which is able to adapt the instantaneous power of the drive to the current operating situation.
- the regulation is preferably carried out as a function of the instantaneous waste stream.
- the drive power is lowered when comparatively small waste streams are to be processed by the device. Falling in, for example At peak times higher waste streams, the drive power is increased. It has been found that this can be compared to the devices of the prior art, in which the respective moving groups are moved by tearing elements with constant driving power, achieve considerable energy savings.
- the regulation can act either on the force with which the tearing elements are moved or on the speed of movement of the tearing elements.
- the control of the drive power can advantageously act on the torque and / or the angular velocity of the rotation of the support elements.
- control variable for the waste stream supplied to the device for example, the mass flow can be used.
- another representative variable which is based, for example, on the volume per unit of time to be processed, for the regulation of the drive powers.
- the device preferably has a pressure device for pressing the waste mixture against the tear-open elements.
- a pressure device for pressing the waste mixture against the tear-open elements.
- the pressure device can it advantageously be in the pressure device to an arrangement of individual pressure elements acting individually, for example, by for each pressure element, preferably hydraulically, regulated spring load on the waste stream.
- This segmentation of the pressure device in individual pressure elements has the advantage that even with a very heterogeneous composition of the waste mixture a secure pressure in the individual pressure elements associated areas of the waste stream is ensured, even if, for example, locally large, non-compressible objects of individual pressure elements of their tear-away Press, since adjacent pressure elements are not affected by this.
- the device has a pressure control device, which makes it possible to put the pressure device either in a use state or a non-use state.
- a state of use is to be understood as meaning a state in which the waste stream is acted upon by the pressure device with a force acting in the direction of the tearing elements
- the state of non-use is to be understood as a state in which the pressure device or pressure elements are at best a rigid barrier form as a limitation of the space available for the waste stream when passing the device.
- the device according to the invention has a feed device for feeding the waste mixture into the effective region of the tear-open elements.
- a feed device for feeding the waste mixture into the effective region of the tear-open elements.
- This can be, for example, a moving floor, which is also regularly referred to as a "walking floor” act.
- a feed control device is provided which is suitable for controlling the feed rate of the waste batch.
- a higher-level control device may be present, which serves to control the drive control device, the pressure control device and / or the feed control device.
- the various control devices may be discrete, only by the necessary signal transmission paths connected devices, for example, to order the respective control devices in close proximity to the units to be controlled, such as electric motors of a drive, such as torque motors.
- the individual controllers can also be individual circuits on a common circuit carrier, such as a circuit board or a chip.
- the higher-level control system can preferably provide various, optionally retrievable operating modes in which the drive control according to the invention and optionally advantageous supply and / or pressure control devices be controlled according to certain specifications or the drive power of the tearing elements and preferably the pressure device and / or the feeding device are controlled or controlled according to certain predetermined or predetermined control parameters.
- a special mode of operation for processing recovered paper rich waste can be provided, in which both groups of tearing elements are moved simultaneously, but the movement is controlled such that nevertheless results in a relative movement between the Aufrpionettin different groups, at the same time a pressure device in a use state is offset.
- a mode of operation for processing commercial waste rich waste which regularly contain a larger amount of large items, such as household waste rich waste, be provided, in which at the same time moving, preferably at variable speed, both groups of tear the pressure device in a Non-use state is offset to allow large objects to pass through the device unhindered.
- the device 1 has a plurality of tearing elements 2.
- the tear-open elements 2 are arranged in groups on annular carrier elements 3.
- the support elements 3 preferably form a roller-shaped rotary body 4, as in the FIG. 2 is shown. This is preferably designed so that adjacent support members 3 can be moved relative to each other with a differential speed. This makes it possible to carry out the method according to the invention, which provides a relative movement between tearing elements 2 of different groups of tearing elements 2. This can advantageously be done by a group of tearing elements 2, which is arranged on a support element 3, relative to a group of tearing elements 2, which is arranged on an adjacent support member 3, moves when the support members 3 are rotated at different speeds. It is also possible that a part of the support elements 3 is stationary, while the remaining support elements 3 are rotated.
- the exemplary device according to the invention comprises a pressure device 5, as exemplified in the Figures 3 and 5 is shown.
- the pressure device 5 is designed in each case as an arrangement of a plurality of arc segment-shaped pressure elements 6.
- the design of the pressure elements 6 can be adapted in an advantageous manner to the composition of the waste mixture to be processed.
- a pressure element 6 is shown, which has a tearing elements 2 facing the flat area 7.
- Such a pressure element 6 is particularly suitable for the processing of small sacks, in particular of sacks with a capacity of at most 30 1.
- FIG. 6 illustrated exemplary pressure device 5 has a plurality of narrow individual pressure elements 6.
- the pressure elements 6 of the individual pressure devices 5 are individually loaded by a suitable biasing mechanism with an elastic hydraulic force and / or spring force, which presses the pressure elements 6 against the roller-shaped rotary body 4.
- a suitable biasing mechanism with an elastic hydraulic force and / or spring force, which presses the pressure elements 6 against the roller-shaped rotary body 4.
- FIG. 7 a device 1 of the type according to the invention is shown, which has a left in the illustration arranged housing portion 8 for receiving the rotary body 4 and the pressure device 5.
- area 8 consequently takes place the opening of the bags.
- the larger right part of the illustrated device 1 is occupied by a feed area 9.
- This is designed container-like and preferably accessible by a schematically illustrated maintenance hatch 10.
- the upwardly open configuration of the feed region 9 makes it possible to fill it in a simple manner from above.
- the feed area 9 advantageously has a feed device (Not shown), which is able to promote the amount of waste in the range of action of the cylindrical rotating body 4 and the tearing elements 2.
- This may preferably be a sliding floor, which is suitably carried out sealed, ie in which the individual mutually movable elements of the sliding floor, which form the support surface for the piled on the moving floor waste mixture, are sealed against each other, that the fine or fine-grained constituents of the waste mixture to be processed can not pass the moving floor.
- the device is designed so that the waste mixture can leave the device 1 after opening the bags down.
- the device 1 is set up for this purpose advantageously on a frame 11, which makes it possible, the device 1, in particular to cover the scope of the tearing elements 2, with a device for removing the waste mixture.
- This can be either a transport ratio, a trough or the like.
- a transport device such as a conveyor belt, may also be arranged such that this transport device projects under the device 1 according to the invention.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
- Supplying Of Containers To The Packaging Station (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Öffnen von Säcken in Abfallgemengen sowie ein Verfahren zum Öffnen von Säcken in Abfallgemengen.The invention relates to a device for opening bags in waste mixtures and a method for opening bags in waste mixtures.
Eine Vorrichtung der in Rede stehenden Art ist beispielsweise aus der
Zusätzlich bewirken und/oder unterstützen die Aufreißelemente die Förderung des Abfallgemenges durch die Vorrichtung. Dabei kann es auch zum Reißen von Material der Säcke durch den bloßen Angriff einzelner Aufreißelemente an Säcken im Abfallgemenge kommen. Die hohe Effizienz der Vorrichtung bzw. des Verfahrens der in Rede stehenden Art resultiert jedoch maßgeblich aus den Relativbewegungen der Aufreißelemente einzelner Gruppen zueinander. Erst durch diese Relativbewegung wird eine im Hinblick auf den Energieeinsatz befriedigende Effizienz bei der Sacköffnung durch Aufreißen erreicht.In addition, the tearing elements effect and / or assist the conveyance of the waste mixture through the device. This can also lead to the tearing of material of the bags by the mere attack of individual tearing elements on sacks in the waste mixture. However, the high efficiency of the device or the method of the type in question results significantly from the relative movements of Tear-open elements of individual groups to each other. Only by this relative movement is achieved in terms of energy use satisfactory efficiency in the sack opening by tearing.
Das Aufreißen des Materials der Säcke ist dabei als ein Aufreißen im weitesten Sinne zu verstehen, d.h. dass es dabei auch zu einem Aufschlitzen oder Aufschneiden von Säcken kommen kann, abhängig davon, wie sich der genaue Kontakt zwischen Aufreißelement und Sack gestaltet. Im Zusammenhang mit der vorliegenden Erfindung werden im Folgenden jedoch all diese Vorgänge, bei denen die Aufreißelemente am Material der Säcke angreifen und dieses zum Öffnen der Säcke zumindest stellenweise durchtrennen, als Reißvorgänge und die dabei von den Aufreißelementen auf die Säcke übertragenen Kräfte als Reißkräfte bezeichnet.The tearing of the material of the bags is to be understood as a tearing in the broadest sense, i. that it can also lead to a slitting or slicing of bags, depending on how the exact contact between the tear-open element and the bag designed. In the context of the present invention, however, all these processes in which the tearing elements act on the material of the sacks and sever them at least in places to open the sacks will be referred to below as tearing operations and the forces transmitted to the sacks by the tearing elements as tearing forces.
Nach dem von der
Es hat sich zwar gezeigt, dass sich hierdurch Säcke effizient öffnen lassen, aufgrund der nach dem Stand der Technik hierfür aufgewendeten Antriebsleistungen ist der Energiebedarf einer solchen Vorrichtung bzw. eines solchen Verfahrens jedoch immer noch vergleichsweise hoch.Although it has been shown that sacks can be opened efficiently in this way, the energy requirements of such a device or such a method are still comparatively high due to the drive power used for this purpose in the prior art.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren der in Rede stehenden Art anzugeben, die gegenüber dem Stand der Technik einen geringeren Energieverbrauch aufweisen.The invention is therefore based on the object to provide an apparatus and a method of the type in question, which have a lower energy consumption compared to the prior art.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen der unabhängigen Ansprüche. Die Merkmale der abhängigen Ansprüche betreffen vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen.The object is achieved by a device and a method having the features of the independent claims. The features of the dependent claims relate to advantageous embodiments.
Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, die Antriebsleistung wenigstens einer Gruppe von Aufreißelementen in Abhängigkeit von der Betriebssituation zu regeln. Während bei bisherigen Vorrichtungen der eingangs beschriebenen Art die Antriebsleistung nach einem vorgegebenen Programm gesteuert wird, sieht die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung eine Antriebssteuerung vor, die in der Lage ist, die momentane Leistung des Antriebs an die momentane Betriebssituation anzupassen.According to the invention, it is provided to regulate the drive power of at least one group of tearing elements as a function of the operating situation. While in previous devices of the type described above, the drive power is controlled according to a predetermined program, the device according to the invention provides a drive control, which is able to adapt the instantaneous power of the drive to the current operating situation.
Vorzugsweise erfolgt die Regelung dabei in Abhängigkeit des momentanen Abfallmengenstroms. Bei einer solchen Regelung der Antriebsleistung wird die Antriebsleistung abgesenkt, wenn vergleichsweise geringe Abfallmengenströme von der Vorrichtung zu verarbeiten sind. Fallen beispielsweise in Stoßzeiten höhere Abfallmengenströme an, wird die Antriebsleistung erhöht. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass sich hierdurch gegenüber den Vorrichtungen nach dem Stand der Technik, bei denen die jeweils bewegten Gruppen von Aufreißelementen mit konstanter Antriebsleistung bewegt werden, erhebliche Energieeinsparungen erzielen lassen.The regulation is preferably carried out as a function of the instantaneous waste stream. In such a control of the drive power, the drive power is lowered when comparatively small waste streams are to be processed by the device. Falling in, for example At peak times higher waste streams, the drive power is increased. It has been found that this can be compared to the devices of the prior art, in which the respective moving groups are moved by tearing elements with constant driving power, achieve considerable energy savings.
Dabei kann die Regelung entweder auf die Kraft, mit der die Aufreißelemente bewegt werden, oder auf die Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit der Aufreißelemente wirken. Im Fall einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform, bei der die Aufreißelemente gruppenweise an vorzugsweise ringförmigen Trägerelementen angeordnet sind, die zum Bewegen der Aufreißelemente rotiert werden, kann die Regelung der Antriebsleistung in vorteilhafter Weise auf das Drehmoment und/oder die Winkelgeschwindigkeit der Rotation der Trägerelemente wirken.In this case, the regulation can act either on the force with which the tearing elements are moved or on the speed of movement of the tearing elements. In the case of an advantageous embodiment in which the tear-open elements are arranged in groups on preferably annular support elements which are rotated to move the tear-open elements, the control of the drive power can advantageously act on the torque and / or the angular velocity of the rotation of the support elements.
Als Regelgröße für den der Vorrichtung zugeführten Abfallmengenstrom kann beispielsweise der Massenstrom verwendet werden. Es ist aber auch möglich, eine andere repräsentative Größe, die sich beispielsweise am pro Zeiteinheit zu verarbeitenden Volumen orientiert, für die Regelung der Antriebsleistungen zu verwenden.As a control variable for the waste stream supplied to the device, for example, the mass flow can be used. However, it is also possible to use another representative variable, which is based, for example, on the volume per unit of time to be processed, for the regulation of the drive powers.
Vorzugsweise weist die Vorrichtung darüber hinaus eine Andruckeinrichtung zum Andrücken des Abfallgemenges an die Aufreißelemente auf. Durch eine solche Andruckeinrichtung kann der Kontakt zwischen den zu öffnenden Säcken und den Aufreißelementen und damit eine sichere Übertragung der Reißkräfte auf die Säcke sichergestellt werden. Dabei kann es sich vorteilhafterweise bei der Andruckeinrichtung um eine Anordnung einzelner Andruckelemente handeln, die einzeln, beispielsweise durch für jedes einzelne Andruckelement, vorzugsweise hydraulisch, regulierte Federbelastung auf den Abfallmengenstrom einwirken. Diese Segmentierung der Andruckeinrichtung in einzelne Andruckelemente hat den Vorteil, dass auch bei einer sehr heterogenen Zusammensetzung des Abfallgemenges ein sicherer Andruck in den den einzelnen Andruckelementen zugeordneten Bereichen des Abfallmengenstroms gewährleistet ist, auch wenn beispielsweise lokal große, nicht komprimierbare Gegenstände einzelner Andruckelemente von deren Aufreißelementen weg drücken, da so benachbarte Andruckelemente hiervon nicht beeinflusst werden.In addition, the device preferably has a pressure device for pressing the waste mixture against the tear-open elements. By such a pressure device, the contact between the bags to be opened and the Aufreißelementen and thus a secure transmission of tearing forces can be ensured on the bags. It can it advantageously be in the pressure device to an arrangement of individual pressure elements acting individually, for example, by for each pressure element, preferably hydraulically, regulated spring load on the waste stream. This segmentation of the pressure device in individual pressure elements has the advantage that even with a very heterogeneous composition of the waste mixture a secure pressure in the individual pressure elements associated areas of the waste stream is ensured, even if, for example, locally large, non-compressible objects of individual pressure elements of their tear-away Press, since adjacent pressure elements are not affected by this.
Insbesondere im Hinblick darauf, dass ggf. sperrige und harte Gegenstände in einem Abfallgemenge vorliegen können, ist es vorteilhaft, wenn einzelne Andruckelemente und/oder die gesamte Andruckeinrichtung so gestaltet sind, dass sie derartigen Störstoffen nachgeben können. Hierdurch wird eine Störung des Betriebs durch ein Verkeilen solcher Störstoffe zwischen deren Druckeinrichtungen und den Aufreißelementen wirkungsvoll verhindert. So kann die Andruckeinrichtung bzw. einzelne Andruckelemente beispielsweise eine spezielle federnde Lagerung aufweisen, die es ermöglicht, dass die Andruckeinrichtung bzw. einzelne Andruckelemente beim Auftreten solcher Störstoffe durch eine Bewegung von den Aufreißelementen weg den Störstoffen ein Passieren der Vorrichtung ermöglicht.In particular, in view of the fact that possibly bulky and hard objects may be present in a waste mixture, it is advantageous if individual pressure elements and / or the entire pressure device are designed so that they can give in to such contaminants. As a result, a malfunction of the operation is prevented by wedging such impurities between the pressure devices and the tearing elements effectively. Thus, the pressure device or individual pressure elements, for example, have a special resilient mounting, which allows the pressure device or individual pressure elements on occurrence of such contaminants by a movement of the Aufreißelementen away the impurities allows the device to pass.
Darüber hinaus kann es sinnvoll sein, wenn die Vorrichtung eine Andrucksteuereinrichtung aufweist, die es ermöglicht, die Andruckeinrichtung wahlweise in einen Gebrauchszustand oder einen Nichtgebrauchszustand zu versetzen. Dabei ist unter einem Gebrauchszustand ein Zustand zu verstehen, in dem der Abfallmengenstrom durch die Andruckeinrichtung mit einer in Richtung der Aufreißelemente wirkenden Kraft beaufschlagt wird, während unter dem Nichtgebrauchszustand ein Zustand zu verstehen ist, in dem die Andruckeinrichtung bzw. die Andruckelemente bestenfalls eine starre Barriere als Begrenzung des für den Abfallmengenstrom zur Verfügung stehenden Raumes beim Passieren der Vorrichtung bilden. Dies kann beispielsweise der Fall sein, wenn einzelne fingerartige Andruckelemente, die im Gebrauchszustand eine elastische bzw. federnde Kraft auf den Abfallmengenstrom ausüben und diesen so an die Aufreißelemente andrücken, in einem Nichtgebrauchszustand von den Aufreißelementen weg in eine Nichtgebrauchsposition, welche von den Aufreißelementen weiter beabstandet ist als die Position der Andruckelemente im Gebrauchszustand, bewegt insb. verschwenkt werden.Moreover, it may be useful if the device has a pressure control device, which makes it possible to put the pressure device either in a use state or a non-use state. In this case, a state of use is to be understood as meaning a state in which the waste stream is acted upon by the pressure device with a force acting in the direction of the tearing elements, while the state of non-use is to be understood as a state in which the pressure device or pressure elements are at best a rigid barrier form as a limitation of the space available for the waste stream when passing the device. This may be the case, for example, when individual finger-like pressure elements exert a resilient force on the waste stream in use and press it against the tear members in a non-use state away from the tear members to a non-use position which is further spaced from the tear members is as the position of the pressure elements in use, moved esp. To be pivoted.
Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung eine Zuführeinrichtung zum Zuführen des Abfallgemenges in den Wirkbereich der Aufreißelemente aufweist. Bei dieser kann es sich beispielsweise um einen Schubboden, welcher regelmäßig auch als "walking floor" bezeichnet wird, handeln. Eine derartige Zuführeinrichtung ist insbesondere dann vorteilhaft, wenn eine Zuführsteuereinrichtung vorgesehen ist, die geeignet ist, die Zuführgeschwindigkeit des Abfallgemenges zu regeln.Furthermore, it is advantageous if the device according to the invention has a feed device for feeding the waste mixture into the effective region of the tear-open elements. This can be, for example, a moving floor, which is also regularly referred to as a "walking floor" act. Such a feed device is particularly advantageous if a feed control device is provided which is suitable for controlling the feed rate of the waste batch.
Hierdurch kann nicht nur die Geschwindigkeit, mit der das Abfallgemenge der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zugeführt wird, sinnvoll auf die momentane Antriebsleistung abgestimmt werden, es ist vielmehr auch möglich, beispielsweise auf Schwankungen in der Zusammensetzung des Abfallgemenges zu reagieren und abhängig von dieser unterschiedliche Verhältnisse von Zuführgeschwindigkeit und Antriebsleistung zu realisieren.As a result, not only the speed at which the waste mixture of the device according to the invention is supplied, can be sensibly adapted to the current drive power, but it is also possible, for example, to respond to variations in the composition of the waste mixture and dependent on these different ratios of feed rate and To realize drive power.
Hierfür kann vorzugsweise auch eine übergeordnete Steuereinrichtung vorhanden sein, welche dazu dient, die Antriebssteuereinrichtung, die Andrucksteuereinrichtung und/ oder die Zuführsteuereinrichtung anzusteuern. Dabei können die verschiedenen Steuereinrichtungen diskrete, lediglich durch die notwendigen Signalübertragungswege verbundene Einrichtungen sein, beispielsweise um die jeweilgen Steuereinrichtungen in räumlicher Nähe zu den zu steuernden Aggregaten, beispielsweise Elektromotoren eines Antriebs, wie beispielsweise Torquemotoren anordnen zu können. Alternativ kann es sich bei den einzelnen Steuerungen auch um einzelne Schaltkreise auf einem gemeinsamen Schaltkreisträger, wie einer Platine oder einem Chip handeln. Es ist auch eine Software basierte Realisierung der einzelnen Steuerungen in einer entsprechenden intelligenten Computer gestützten oder Speicher programmierbaren Steuerung möglich.For this purpose, preferably also a higher-level control device may be present, which serves to control the drive control device, the pressure control device and / or the feed control device. The various control devices may be discrete, only by the necessary signal transmission paths connected devices, for example, to order the respective control devices in close proximity to the units to be controlled, such as electric motors of a drive, such as torque motors. Alternatively, the individual controllers can also be individual circuits on a common circuit carrier, such as a circuit board or a chip. There is also a software based realization of the individual controls in a corresponding intelligent computer based or memory programmable controller possible.
Dabei kann die übergeordnete Steuerung vorzugsweise verschiedene, wahlweise abrufbare Betriebsmodi zur Verfügung stellen, in denen die erfindungsgemäße Antriebssteuerung und ggf. vorteilhafte Zuführ- und/oder Andrucksteuereinrichtungen nach bestimmten Vorgaben angesteuert werden bzw. nach bestimmten vorgegebenen oder vorgebbaren Regelparametern die Antriebsleistung der Aufreißelemente sowie vorzugsweise die Andruckeinrichtung und/oder die Zuführeinrichtung geregelt bzw. angesteuert werden.In this case, the higher-level control system can preferably provide various, optionally retrievable operating modes in which the drive control according to the invention and optionally advantageous supply and / or pressure control devices be controlled according to certain specifications or the drive power of the tearing elements and preferably the pressure device and / or the feeding device are controlled or controlled according to certain predetermined or predetermined control parameters.
So kann beispielsweise ein besonderer Betriebsmodus zum Verarbeiten von Altpapier reichen Abfallgemengen vorgesehen sein, bei dem beide Gruppen von Aufreißelementen gleichzeitig bewegt werden, wobei die Bewegung jedoch derart angesteuert ist, dass sich dennoch eine Relativbewegung zwischen den Aufreißelementen unterschiedlicher Gruppen ergibt, wobei gleichzeitig eine Andruckeinrichtung in einen Gebrauchszustand versetzt ist. Weiter kann vorteilhafterweise ein Betriebsmodus zum Verarbeiten von Gewerbeabfall reichen Abfallgemengen, die regelmäßig eine größere Menge großer Gegenstände enthalten, als beispielsweise Hausmüll reiche Abfallgemenge, vorgesehen sein, bei dem bei ebenfalls gleichzeitiger Bewegung, vorzugsweise bei veränderlicher Geschwindigkeit, beider Gruppen von Aufreißelementen die Andruckeinrichtung in einen Nichtgebrauchszustand versetzt ist, um großen Gegenständen das ungehinderte Passieren der Vorrichtung zu ermöglichen.Thus, for example, a special mode of operation for processing recovered paper rich waste can be provided, in which both groups of tearing elements are moved simultaneously, but the movement is controlled such that nevertheless results in a relative movement between the Aufreißelementen different groups, at the same time a pressure device in a use state is offset. Further advantageously, a mode of operation for processing commercial waste rich waste, which regularly contain a larger amount of large items, such as household waste rich waste, be provided, in which at the same time moving, preferably at variable speed, both groups of tear the pressure device in a Non-use state is offset to allow large objects to pass through the device unhindered.
Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand der
- Figur 1 -
- zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht einer beispielhaften erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung,
- Figur 2 -
- zeigt eine Detaildarstellung der an Trägerelementen gruppenweise aufgenommenen Aufreißelemente der in
dargestellten Vorrichtung,Figur 1 - Figur 3 -
- zeigt eine perspektivische Darstellung einer beispielhaften erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, wobei die Trägerelemente mit den Aufreißelementen nicht dargestellt sind,
- Figur 4 -
- zeigt eine Detaildarstellung eines Andruckelements der in
dargestellten Vorrichtung,Figur 3 - Figur 5 -
- zeigt eine der
entsprechende Darstellung einer anderen beispielhaften erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung,Figur 3 - Figur 6 -
- zeigt die Andruckeinrichtung der in
Figur 5 dargestellten Vorrichtung in einer Detaildarstellung, - Figur 7 -
- zeigt eine beispielhafte erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung mit einer Zuführeinrichtung.
- FIG. 1 -
- shows a perspective view of an exemplary device according to the invention,
- FIG. 2 -
- shows a detailed representation of the carrier elements in groups received tear-open the in
FIG. 1 illustrated device, - FIG. 3 -
- shows a perspective view of an exemplary device according to the invention, wherein the support elements are not shown with the Aufreißelementen,
- FIG. 4 -
- shows a detailed view of a pressure element of in
FIG. 3 illustrated device, - FIG. 5 -
- shows one of the
FIG. 3 corresponding representation of another exemplary device according to the invention, - FIG. 6 -
- shows the pressure device of in
FIG. 5 illustrated device in a detailed representation, - FIG. 7 -
- shows an exemplary device according to the invention with a feeder.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung 1 weist eine Mehrzahl Aufreißelemente 2 auf. Die Aufreißelemente 2 sind dabei im Fall der beispielhaften Vorrichtung 1 gruppenweise an ringförmigen Trägerelementen 3 angeordnet. Die Trägerelemente 3 bilden vorzugsweise einen walzenförmigen Rotationskörper 4, wie er in der
Erfindungsgemäß kann nun eine Ansteuerung des Drehmoments und/oder der Drehzahlen, mit denen die einzelnen Trägerelemente 3 bewegt werden, abhängig vom Betriebszustand der Vorrichtung 1 erfolgen. Dabei ist es insbesondere vorteilhaft, wenn die Regelung auf der Grundlage des der Vorrichtung 1 zugeführten Abfallmengenstroms erfolgt.According to the invention, it is then possible to control the torque and / or the rotational speeds with which the
Vorzugsweise weist die beispielhafte erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung eine Andruckeinrichtung 5 auf, wie sie beispielhaft in den
In
In vorteilhafter Weise ist die Vorrichtung so gestaltet, dass das Abfallgemenge die Vorrichtung 1 nach dem Öffnen der Säcke nach unten verlassen kann. Im gezeigten Beispiel ist die Vorrichtung 1 hierfür in vorteilhafter Weise auf einem Gestell 11 aufgestellt, das es ermöglicht, die Vorrichtung 1, insbesondere den Wirkungsbereich der Aufreißelemente 2, mit einer Einrichtung zur Abfuhr des Abfallgemenges zu untergreifen. Dabei kann es sich sowohl um ein Transport-behältnis, wie eine Mulde oder ähnliches handeln. Es kann jedoch auch eine Transporteinrichtung, wie ein Förderband, so angeordnet sein, dass diese Transporteinrichtung unter die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung 1 ragt.Advantageously, the device is designed so that the waste mixture can leave the
Claims (10)
- Device (1) for opening bags in waste collections, wherein the device (1) has a first group of tearing elements (2) for transferring tearing forces to bags and a second group of tearing elements (2) for transferring tearing forces to bags, wherein the groups of tearing elements (2) are movable with a drive power such that tearing forces can be produced through relative movement between tearing elements (2) of different groups,
characterised in that
the device has a drive control unit which is set up to regulate the drive power of at least one group of tearing elements (2) in dependence on the operating situation. - Device (1) according to claim 1
characterised in that
the drive control device is set up for regulating the moving speed, more particularly the angular speed, and/or the drive force, in particular the torque of the tearing elements. - Device (1) according to claim 1 or 2
characterised in that
the drive control unit is set up to regulate the drive power in dependence on the mass flow of the waste collection being supplied. - Device (1) according to one of the previous claims,
characterised in that
the device (1) has a pressing unit (5) for pressing the waste collection, in particular the bags, against the tearing elements (2) wherein the pressing device (5) preferably has a plurality of individual pressing elements (6) which act independently of one another on the waste collection. - Device (1) according to claim 4,
characterised in that
the pressing unit (5), in particular the individual pressing elements (6) are configured so that they can yield to extraneous materials which get between the tearing elements (2) and the pressing unit (5), more particularly are resiliently and/or hydraulically mounted. - Device (1) according to claim 4 or 5
characterised in that
the device (1) has a pressure control unit which is set up to set the pressing unit (5) selectively into a position of use or a position of non-use. - Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims
characterised in that
the device (1) has a supply unit for supplying the waste collection into the active area of the tearing elements (2), more particularly a walking floor. - Device (1) according to claim 7
characterised in that
the device (1) has a supply control unit for controlling the supply unit which is set up to regulate the supply speed of the waste collection. - Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims
characterised in that
the tearing elements are assigned in groups to preferably ring-shaped support elements (3), more particularly are mounted on these wherein adjacent support elements (3) are preferably movable relative to one another. - Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims
characterised in that
the device (1) has a superordinate control for controlling the drive control unit, the pressure control unit and/or the supply control unit, which is preferably set up to selectively enable different operating modes.
Priority Applications (11)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP14003598.1A EP3012202B1 (en) | 2014-10-22 | 2014-10-22 | Device for opening bags in waste collections and method for same |
RS20161085A RS55399B1 (en) | 2014-10-22 | 2014-10-22 | Device for opening bags in waste collections and method for same |
SI201430087A SI3012202T1 (en) | 2014-10-22 | 2014-10-22 | Device for opening bags in waste collections and method for same |
PT140035981T PT3012202T (en) | 2014-10-22 | 2014-10-22 | Device for opening bags in waste collections and method for same |
ES14003598.1T ES2606293T3 (en) | 2014-10-22 | 2014-10-22 | Device for opening bags in waste mixtures and procedure for this |
PL14003598T PL3012202T3 (en) | 2014-10-22 | 2014-10-22 | Device for opening bags in waste collections and method for same |
HUE14003598A HUE031834T2 (en) | 2014-10-22 | 2014-10-22 | Device for opening bags in waste collections and method for same |
US14/820,683 US9611061B2 (en) | 2014-10-22 | 2015-08-07 | Device for opening bags in mixtures of wastes and method therefor |
CA2900206A CA2900206C (en) | 2014-10-22 | 2015-08-12 | Device for opening bags in mixtures of wastes and method therefor |
BR102015020791-3A BR102015020791B1 (en) | 2014-10-22 | 2015-08-27 | device for opening bags in garbage mixtures |
HRP20161452TT HRP20161452T1 (en) | 2014-10-22 | 2016-11-03 | Device for opening bags in waste collections and method for same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP14003598.1A EP3012202B1 (en) | 2014-10-22 | 2014-10-22 | Device for opening bags in waste collections and method for same |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3012202A1 EP3012202A1 (en) | 2016-04-27 |
EP3012202B1 true EP3012202B1 (en) | 2016-09-07 |
Family
ID=51795479
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14003598.1A Active EP3012202B1 (en) | 2014-10-22 | 2014-10-22 | Device for opening bags in waste collections and method for same |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9611061B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3012202B1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR102015020791B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2900206C (en) |
ES (1) | ES2606293T3 (en) |
HR (1) | HRP20161452T1 (en) |
HU (1) | HUE031834T2 (en) |
PL (1) | PL3012202T3 (en) |
PT (1) | PT3012202T (en) |
RS (1) | RS55399B1 (en) |
SI (1) | SI3012202T1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3599835A1 (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2020-02-05 | Mars, Incorporated | Device and method for dispensing product from a flexible package |
CN110589143A (en) * | 2019-08-31 | 2019-12-20 | 梧州中茶茶业有限公司 | Big bamboo basket tea basket dismantling machine |
CN113245010B (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2023-05-30 | 黑龙江德盛粮食深加工有限公司 | Corn processing is with breaker that peels |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4995770A (en) * | 1989-12-26 | 1991-02-26 | Ford New Holland, Inc. | Bag rupturing mechanism for waste material debagging apparatus |
DE4323952C2 (en) * | 1993-07-16 | 1995-07-27 | Benno Gasner | Device for loading a garbage sorting device with the contents of garbage bags |
US5484247A (en) * | 1994-05-16 | 1996-01-16 | Bulk Handling Systems, Inc. | Bag breaker |
EP0686562B1 (en) | 1994-06-08 | 1998-10-14 | Manfred Bayer | Apparatus for tearing and/or opening bags |
US5551825A (en) * | 1994-10-11 | 1996-09-03 | Beloit Technologies, Inc. | Live bottom shear deck refuse bag opener |
US6077021A (en) * | 1995-03-10 | 2000-06-20 | Roman; Walter C. | Bag splitter for garbage bags filled with stacked paper and method for splitting such filled garbage bags |
US5551826A (en) | 1995-04-10 | 1996-09-03 | New Holland North America, Inc. | Skid steer loader cab mounting apparatus |
US5762463A (en) * | 1996-11-15 | 1998-06-09 | Beloit Technologies, Inc. | Pivot wheel bag opener |
US5829943A (en) * | 1997-03-06 | 1998-11-03 | Cp Manufacturing, Inc. | Machine for emptying material from scrap cans |
US6241097B1 (en) * | 1997-08-20 | 2001-06-05 | Walter C. Roman | Bag splitter and separation assembly |
DE19750574A1 (en) * | 1997-11-15 | 1999-05-20 | Manfred Bayer | Device for tearing and / or opening sacks |
US6079929A (en) * | 1998-05-28 | 2000-06-27 | Muma Manufacturing Inc. | Refuse bag opener |
US7497337B2 (en) * | 2005-10-13 | 2009-03-03 | Wst International (Holdings) Limited | Apparatus for piercing garbage bags, washing materials released from the pierced garbage bags, and collecting nonrigid, elongate objects and powder |
NO327698B1 (en) * | 2007-12-10 | 2009-09-14 | Nat Oilwell Norway As | Device for offshore emptying of contents out of packaging |
-
2014
- 2014-10-22 ES ES14003598.1T patent/ES2606293T3/en active Active
- 2014-10-22 PT PT140035981T patent/PT3012202T/en unknown
- 2014-10-22 HU HUE14003598A patent/HUE031834T2/en unknown
- 2014-10-22 RS RS20161085A patent/RS55399B1/en unknown
- 2014-10-22 SI SI201430087A patent/SI3012202T1/en unknown
- 2014-10-22 PL PL14003598T patent/PL3012202T3/en unknown
- 2014-10-22 EP EP14003598.1A patent/EP3012202B1/en active Active
-
2015
- 2015-08-07 US US14/820,683 patent/US9611061B2/en active Active
- 2015-08-12 CA CA2900206A patent/CA2900206C/en active Active
- 2015-08-27 BR BR102015020791-3A patent/BR102015020791B1/en active IP Right Grant
-
2016
- 2016-11-03 HR HRP20161452TT patent/HRP20161452T1/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2900206C (en) | 2017-09-12 |
PL3012202T3 (en) | 2017-02-28 |
BR102015020791A2 (en) | 2016-05-24 |
CA2900206A1 (en) | 2016-04-22 |
RS55399B1 (en) | 2017-04-28 |
SI3012202T1 (en) | 2016-12-30 |
HRP20161452T1 (en) | 2016-12-16 |
PT3012202T (en) | 2016-12-14 |
US9611061B2 (en) | 2017-04-04 |
US20160114928A1 (en) | 2016-04-28 |
ES2606293T3 (en) | 2017-03-23 |
HUE031834T2 (en) | 2017-08-28 |
BR102015020791B1 (en) | 2020-12-15 |
EP3012202A1 (en) | 2016-04-27 |
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