EP3009563B1 - Ergänzung für eisenbahnschwelle und verfahren zum modifizieren der geometrie einer eisenbahnschwelle - Google Patents

Ergänzung für eisenbahnschwelle und verfahren zum modifizieren der geometrie einer eisenbahnschwelle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3009563B1
EP3009563B1 EP15382502.1A EP15382502A EP3009563B1 EP 3009563 B1 EP3009563 B1 EP 3009563B1 EP 15382502 A EP15382502 A EP 15382502A EP 3009563 B1 EP3009563 B1 EP 3009563B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sleeper
supplement
geometry
concrete
modulus
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EP15382502.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3009563A1 (de
Inventor
Luis Albajar Molera
Francisco Sánchez Martínez
José Luis Zamora Infestas
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AFTRAV (ASOCIACION DE FABRICANTES DE TRAVIESAS)
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Aftrav (asociacion De Fabricantes De Traviesas)
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B3/00—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails
    • E01B3/28—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from concrete or from natural or artificial stone
    • E01B3/36—Composite sleepers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a supplement for a manufactured concrete railway sleeper.
  • the supplement is specially designed to provide a practical and economical means to modify the geometry of the surface of standard sleepers already manufactured, and preferably installed, in order to be able to modify their characteristics, transforming, for example, a standard or current sleeper into a sleeper that minimises noise or the flight of ballast.
  • the invention also relates to a method for modifying the geometry of a manufactured concrete railway sleeper.
  • the present invention concerns the railway sector, specifically focusing on the field of construction, renovation of tracks, and mainly adaptation of tracks, without replacing the existing standard sleepers in those tracks, on which railway vehicles circulate, particularly high-speed railway vehicles.
  • the sleepers perform different functions on the track in which they are placed, such as the transmission of forces generated during transit of railway vehicles from the rail to the surface of the sleeper support, fastening of the rails in their position and maintaining the distance between the rails constant among others.
  • the patent application No. ES 2419554A1 referred to a "Railway aerodynamic sleeper” describes a new monolithic sleeper with specific geometry to minimise said flying ballast effect, which comprises a central zone, two support zones each side of the central zone, on which the rails are laid, and two outer zones located at the ends of the sleeper, continuing from the support zones, and whose cross section comprises a first lower section comprising a first polygon with at least 4 sides and a second upper section comprising at least one second polygon with four or more sides, having a longitudinal edge which marks the transition between said two sections whose inclination varies according to where it is in the three distinct zones of the sleeper.
  • a composite sleeper comprising a concrete structural core contained within an outer coating shell is illustrated in WO 2014/108868 A1 .
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to solve the problem of adapting the sleepers, already installed on tracks in service, to sleepers with different geometries depending on the required needs, such as noise reduction or reducing the flight of the ballast, by the development of a supplement designed for this purpose.
  • a solution to the aforementioned problem is provided by a supplement according to claim 1.
  • This supplement is to be placed on those free surfaces of the sleeper, never changing the assembly zone on the sleeper of the fastenings of the track, that is, it is not the object of the present invention any supplement on the fastening zone.
  • a standard sleeper that the solution incorporates, object of the present invention, will fulfil the European Standard EN13230, referring to sleepers.
  • the solution, object of the present invention further allows for the protection and storage of all types of instrumentation needed in sections of existing tracks or on standard sleepers, prior to their installation, without modifying the structural characteristics of existing solutions.
  • noise reduction on the ballasted track is usually made through baffles that absorb and prevent the transmission of noise, but in this case, the use of a supplement, preferably made from absorbent materials, contribute to noise reduction levels at the point of emission.
  • the supplement for railway sleepers that is the purpose of the present invention allows modifying the geometry of the upper surface of standard concrete sleepers installed for various purposes, for example, to change them into:
  • the proposed supplement involves an accessory element comprising one or more pieces of variable section whose lower base is adapted to the geometry of the top of the sleeper to which it is intended to be fastened or joined interdependently thereto by known fastening or connection means, these means can be mechanical or chemical, and preferably adhesive.
  • mechanical connection means could be, not limited to, headed reinforced steel bolts
  • chemical means could be, not limited to, polyurethane or epoxy adhesives.
  • Structural features refer, as it will be explained later, to the mechanical features and mainly to the inertia of the sections.
  • the connection means by themselves or due to the structural features of the supplement joined to the sleeper do not involve the modification of the structural features of the sleeper, therefore maintaining the structural features of said sleeper unchanging, constant or invariable when compared with the structural features of the sleeper before connecting or fastening the supplement.
  • a structural join is a connection that does not allow relative displacement between the connected or joined supplement and the sleeper, usually of concrete. For example, stiff connections, used in composite beams of steel structural profiles and concrete compression chords.
  • a first object of the present invention comprises the features included in claim 1.
  • the supplement is joined interdependently by the lower surface through connection means to the sleeper so that the connection means, by themselves or due to the mechanical properties, low elastic or Young's modulus, of the supplement connected to the sleeper, maintain the structural features of the sleeper without involving the modification of the structural features, mainly inertia, of the sleeper.
  • a second object of the present invention an assembly of sleeper and the supplement, is defined in claim 8.
  • the assembly of sleeper and supplement comprises the supplement object of the present invention joined to a sleeper through connection means.
  • a third object of the present invention a method for modifying the geometry of an existing manufactured concrete railway sleeper, is defined in claim 13.
  • the shape of the section and the material used to manufacture the supplement will depend on the end use to which it is intended, according to the invention, however, they will be materials with a Young's modulus lower than that of the concrete of the sleeper.
  • materials such as, but not limited to, could be polyamide or plastic.
  • said Young's modulus of the material of the supplement will be less than 0.1 times the Young's modulus of concrete (E Material ⁇ 0.1 Ec (concrete)) in order not to change the mechanical behaviour of the original sleeper, for example, but not limited to, recycled tyre with polyurethane, neoprene or rubber.
  • the Young's modulus of the concrete is a well-known value and a person skilled in the art would know the same for a concrete sleeper, a reference modulus for a concrete sleeper would be in the range of 35000 Mpa.
  • said sleeper consists, preferably but without implying a limitation, of a standard sleeper, that is, the type consisting of an elongated piece comprising a central zone, two zones of support on each side of the central zone, on which the fastenings are located, and two outer zones located at the ends of the sleeper, following on the support zones, being the upper surface of the central zone and the outer zones, preferably determined by adjoining flat areas with different inclinations, while the support zones have transverse grooves for holding the fasteners of the rails.
  • a standard sleeper that is, the type consisting of an elongated piece comprising a central zone, two zones of support on each side of the central zone, on which the fastenings are located, and two outer zones located at the ends of the sleeper, following on the support zones, being the upper surface of the central zone and the outer zones, preferably determined by adjoining flat areas with different inclinations, while the support zones have transverse grooves for holding the fasteners of the rails.
  • the geometry of the standard sleepers allows that the fixing system of the supplement to the sleeper can be done by mechanical means such as screws, because they have a pre-stressing tendon pattern with a central void that allows drilling, or also by chemical means, such as adhesives.
  • the supplement (1) consists of an applicable element to be fixed interdependently to the upper part of a standard sleeper (2) with a lower surface and an outer surface, in particular a standard sleeper (2), preferably comprising a central zone (2a), two support zones (2b) on each side of the central zone (2a), on which the rails are located, and two exterior zones (2c) located at the ends of the sleeper, following on from the support zones (2b), said supplement (1) preferably comprising, at least one central piece (1a) of variable section whose lower surface (1') is complementary to the geometry of the upper surface (2') of the central zone (2a) of the sleeper (2) on which it is fixed tightly adapting to it.
  • the outer surface of the supplement can have different geometries, shapes and textures. Additionally, the thickness of the supplement may be constant or variable.
  • the supplement to improve the aerodynamics of the sleepers and minimise ballast flight has a curved and smooth outer surface and is of a material with a Young's modulus less than 0.1 the Young's modulus of the concrete of the sleeper.
  • the supplement can have a porous texture on its surface and also a shape or geometry of said upper surface that maximises the noise absorbent surface reinforced by the porous material, being thereby provided with inlets and outlets.
  • a material that can be used is a concrete with a Young's modulus lower than the Young's modulus of the concrete of the sleeper.
  • Figures 7a, 7b and 7c show three alternative sections for a supplement for a manufactured concrete railway sleeper, being Figures 7a and 7b , not covered by the claimed invention, sections designed to absorb noise, with a maximised outer surface with inlets and outlets and of a porous material, for example concrete or an elastomer having a Young modulus lower than the concrete of the sleeper, and Figure 7c shows a section of a supplement to improve the aerodynamics of the sleeper, according to the claimed invention, in which the upper surface of the supplement is curved and smooth, and its Young's modulus is less than 0.1 times the Young's modulus of the standard concrete sleeper to be modified.
  • the supplement (1) comprises three pieces, although it could only include one of them, that is, one central piece(1a) and two sides pieces (1b), being the central piece (1a) of variable section with a lower base (1') which is complementary to the geometry of the upper surface (2') of the central zone (2a) of the sleeper (2), and the two side pieces (1b) also of variable configuration but identical in both and different from that of the central piece (1a), and whose lower surfaces (1") are complementary to the geometry of the upper surface (2') of the exterior zones (2c) of the sleeper (2) on which they are fixed adapting tightly thereto.
  • Each of the central pieces (1a) and sides (1b) making up the supplement (1) join the corresponding upper surface of the central zone (2a) or exterior (2c) of the sleeper (2) by connection means that are not structural, that is, that do not involve the modification of the structural features of the standard sleeper, making both supplement and sleeper structurally independent.
  • the join can be either mechanical or chemical through adhesives or other means of adhesion.
  • the join between the two can be rigid since the mechanical characteristics of the sleeper will not be modified, while if the supplement is rigid the join between the sleeper and the supplement must be flexible.
  • the supplement, object of the present invention may be of any preferably deformable material in comparison to the concrete of the sleeper, such as plastic materials with a Young's modulus less than 0.1 times the Young's modulus of the concrete of the sleeper in order not to alter the tensions of the original standard sleeper installed and yet admit, in service, tensional deformations exceeding those of the concrete, therefore avoiding the structural union between both materials.
  • the material is chosen according to the final objective of the supplement to be installed. For example, if the objective is noise reduction, the material is porous, whereas if the objective is to reduce or eliminate the flight of ballast, the preferred material will preferably be compact in its surface.
  • the supplements can be varied because they do not have any structural function and do not alter at all said functions already proven of the standard sleepers.
  • the supplements may even be asymmetric about the axis of symmetry of the sleeper parallel to the track layout, and depending on the location of the noise source and the layout of the track, for example with a greater height on one side of the supplement than on the other in order to adapt the modified standard sleeper to the noise source.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Railway Tracks (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Ergänzung für eine gefertigte Betoneisenbahnschwelle, die auf die obere Oberfläche einer Eisenbahnschwelle zum Modifizieren der Geometrie der Schwelle (2) applizierbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass:
    - sie eine untere Oberfläche umfasst, die zur Geometrie der oberen Oberfläche (2') der Schwelle komplementär ist, mit Ausnahme der Stützzonen der Schienen und mindestens einer Außenoberfläche,
    - das Material der Ergänzung (1) einen Elastizitätsmodul aufweist, der niedriger ist als der Elastizitätsmodul der Betonschwelle, wobei der Elastizitätsmodul der Ergänzung weniger als das 0,1-Fache des Elastizitätsmoduls des Betons der Schwelle beträgt, und.
    - die Außenoberfläche der Ergänzung eine glatte Kurve ist, so dass der Flug des Schotters verringert wird.
  2. Ergänzung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anschlussmittel nicht strukturell sind, wobei die Mittel während des Gebrauchs eine strukturelle Verbindung zwischen der Schwelle und der Ergänzung vermeiden.
  3. Ergänzung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie mindestens ein Mittelstück umfasst, das während des Gebrauchs zwischen den Befestigungselementen einer Schwelle positioniert ist.
  4. Ergänzung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie mindestens ein Seitenteil umfasst, das während des Gebrauchs zwischen der Befestigung einer Schwelle und dem Ende der Schwelle positioniert ist.
  5. Ergänzung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Außenoberfläche Ein- und Auslässe aufweist.
  6. Ergänzung nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie drei Stücke umfasst: einen Mittelteil (1a) und zwei Seitenteile (1b), wobei der Mittelteil (1a) einen variablen Querschnitt mit einer unteren Oberfläche (1') aufweist, die zur Geometrie der Oberfläche (2') der Mittelzone (2a) der Schwelle (2) komplementär ist, und die beiden Seitenteile (1b) auch von variabler Konfiguration sind, die sowohl identisch als auch verschieden von der des Mittelteils (1a) ist, und die unteren Oberflächen (1") der Seitenteile (1b) zur Geometrie der oberen Oberfläche (2') der Außenzonen (2c) der Schwelle (2) komplementär sind, an der sie passgenau befestigt werden sollen.
  7. Ergänzung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie in Bezug auf die Symmetrieachse der Schwelle, die zum Gleislayout parallel ist, asymmetrisch ist.
  8. Anordnung einer Schwelle und einer Ergänzung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine Ergänzung und eine gefertigte Betoneisenbahnschwelle umfasst, wobei die Ergänzung Anspruch 1 entspricht.
  9. Anordnung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ergänzung durch ihre untere Oberfläche mit der Schwelle (2) durch Anschlussmittel verbunden ist, so dass die Anschlussmittel durch sich selbst oder aufgrund der Merkmale der Ergänzung, die mit der Schwelle verbunden ist, keine Modifikation der strukturellen Merkmale der Schwelle beinhalten und daher keine Modifikation der strukturellen Merkmale derselben beinhalten.
  10. Anordnung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verbindung mechanisch oder chemisch ist.
  11. Anordnung nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, wobei die Ergänzung Anspruch 2 bis 7 entspricht.
  12. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Höhe der Schwelle und der Ergänzung während des Gebrauchs über dem Niveau der Befestigungselemente liegt, mit denen die Schienen an der Schwelle befestigt sind.
  13. Verfahren zum Modifizieren der Geometrie einer vorhandenen gefertigten Betoneisenbahnschwelle unter Verwendung einer Ergänzung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es die folgenden Schritte umfasst:
    - Bereitstellen einer gefertigten Betoneisenbahnschwelle,
    - Bereitstellen einer Ergänzung nach Anspruch 1,
    - Verwenden einer mechanischen oder chemischen Verbindung, um die untere Oberfläche der Ergänzung mit der oberen Oberfläche der Schwelle zu verbinden, ohne die strukturellen Merkmale der Schwelle zu modifizieren.
EP15382502.1A 2014-10-14 2015-10-14 Ergänzung für eisenbahnschwelle und verfahren zum modifizieren der geometrie einer eisenbahnschwelle Active EP3009563B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES201431332U ES1130480Y (es) 2014-10-14 2014-10-14 Suplemento para traviesa de ferrocarril

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EP3009563A1 EP3009563A1 (de) 2016-04-20
EP3009563B1 true EP3009563B1 (de) 2021-02-17

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE901296A (nl) * 1984-12-18 1985-04-16 Matthynssens Frans Werkwijze voor het verwezenlijken van betonnen spoorliggers, elementen hierbij gebruikt en spoorliggers aldus verkregen.

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09273101A (ja) * 1996-04-08 1997-10-21 Nishiyama:Kk 軌道用沈下防止枕木
US5713518A (en) * 1996-08-01 1998-02-03 Fox; James C. Railroad cross tie and track continuity detector systems
ES2395135B1 (es) * 2011-07-27 2013-07-11 Claudio GARCIA RUBIO Traviesa ferroviaria anti-vuelo balasto
ES2419554B1 (es) 2012-02-17 2014-03-20 Administrador De Infraestructuras Ferroviarias (Adif) Traviesa aerodinámica de ferrocarril
DK2809846T3 (en) * 2013-01-14 2016-01-11 Greenrail S R L Kompositjernbanesvelle

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE901296A (nl) * 1984-12-18 1985-04-16 Matthynssens Frans Werkwijze voor het verwezenlijken van betonnen spoorliggers, elementen hierbij gebruikt en spoorliggers aldus verkregen.

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ES1130480Y (es) 2015-10-14
ES1130480U (es) 2014-10-27
ES2863460T3 (es) 2021-10-11

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