EP3008747A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von nanospitzen - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von nanospitzenInfo
- Publication number
- EP3008747A1 EP3008747A1 EP14729916.8A EP14729916A EP3008747A1 EP 3008747 A1 EP3008747 A1 EP 3008747A1 EP 14729916 A EP14729916 A EP 14729916A EP 3008747 A1 EP3008747 A1 EP 3008747A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- etching process
- mask
- ion etching
- reactive ion
- mask material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F4/00—Processes for removing metallic material from surfaces, not provided for in group C23F1/00 or C23F3/00
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81C—PROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- B81C1/00—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
- B81C1/00015—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate for manufacturing microsystems
- B81C1/00023—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate for manufacturing microsystems without movable or flexible elements
- B81C1/00111—Tips, pillars, i.e. raised structures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/50—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J1/00—Details of electrodes, of magnetic control means, of screens, or of the mounting or spacing thereof, common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J1/02—Main electrodes
- H01J1/30—Cold cathodes, e.g. field-emissive cathode
- H01J1/304—Field-emissive cathodes
- H01J1/3042—Field-emissive cathodes microengineered, e.g. Spindt-type
- H01J1/3044—Point emitters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/02—Details
- H01J37/04—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the discharge, e.g. electron-optical arrangement or ion-optical arrangement
- H01J37/06—Electron sources; Electron guns
- H01J37/073—Electron guns using field emission, photo emission, or secondary emission electron sources
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32917—Plasma diagnostics
- H01J37/32935—Monitoring and controlling tubes by information coming from the object and/or discharge
- H01J37/32963—End-point detection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32917—Plasma diagnostics
- H01J37/32935—Monitoring and controlling tubes by information coming from the object and/or discharge
- H01J37/32981—Gas analysis
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/02—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems
- H01J9/022—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of cold cathodes
- H01J9/025—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of cold cathodes of field emission cathodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10P—GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10P50/00—Etching of wafers, substrates or parts of devices
- H10P50/20—Dry etching; Plasma etching; Reactive-ion etching
- H10P50/24—Dry etching; Plasma etching; Reactive-ion etching of semiconductor materials
- H10P50/242—Dry etching; Plasma etching; Reactive-ion etching of semiconductor materials of Group IV materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10P—GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10P50/00—Etching of wafers, substrates or parts of devices
- H10P50/69—Etching of wafers, substrates or parts of devices using masks for semiconductor materials
- H10P50/691—Etching of wafers, substrates or parts of devices using masks for semiconductor materials for Group V materials or Group III-V materials
- H10P50/692—Etching of wafers, substrates or parts of devices using masks for semiconductor materials for Group V materials or Group III-V materials characterised by their composition, e.g. multilayer masks or materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2201/00—Electrodes common to discharge tubes
- H01J2201/30—Cold cathodes
- H01J2201/304—Field emission cathodes
- H01J2201/30403—Field emission cathodes characterised by the emitter shape
- H01J2201/30407—Microengineered point emitters
- H01J2201/30411—Microengineered point emitters conical shaped, e.g. Spindt type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2209/00—Apparatus and processes for manufacture of discharge tubes
- H01J2209/02—Manufacture of cathodes
- H01J2209/022—Cold cathodes
- H01J2209/0223—Field emission cathodes
- H01J2209/0226—Sharpening or resharpening of emitting point or edge
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2237/00—Discharge tubes exposing object to beam, e.g. for analysis treatment, etching, imaging
- H01J2237/32—Processing objects by plasma generation
- H01J2237/33—Processing objects by plasma generation characterised by the type of processing
- H01J2237/334—Etching
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing nanotips.
- Nanotips whose tips have a radius of less than 10 nm, in particular less than 1 nm, are used, inter alia, as field emission components in flat displays, high-power microwave tubes, as quantum effect devices and as scanning probes in scanning electron microscopy. More recently, nanopores have also been used as part of biosensors.
- a known method according to US Pat. No. 5,233,263 is to etch crystalline silicon using a mask in such a way that truncated cones initially form. The lateral surface of the truncated cone is then concavely formed by an isotropically acting etching process. The needle tip is then formed by multiple oxidation of the truncated cone with removal of the oxide layer. Alternatively, the tip shaping can also be done by sputtering a precious metal.
- DE 195 01 387 proposes shaping the tips by means of complete undercutting.
- Fig. 1 illustrates schematically the method described in DE 195 01 387.
- a mask 120 is used, which is balanced on tips which are etched out of the substrate 110, even with complete undercutting.
- a plasma dry etching process is continued until the mask has been completely undercut by the laterally acting etching process and a sharp silicon tip has formed.
- Curved arrows drawn in FIG. 1 are intended to illustrate the etching process under the action of a plasma dry etching process.
- a reactive ion etching (RIE) for the production of nano-tips is presented is a silicon wafer, on the surface of which a SiO 2 layer has been thermally applied, using a mask, the oxide layer is patterned such that a, for example, circular oxide layer remains at the positions of the desired tips
- the etch process is performed anisotropically using the different etch rate of Si0 2 and Si in a ratio of approximately 1: 5. The etching process is carried out until the mask is completely removed and then terminated a sharp tip of silicon remains.
- a method of making at least one nano-tip of a tip material comprising:
- Detecting the gaseous component during the ion etching process repeatedly determining during the ion etching process whether an amount of the gaseous component in the etching chamber reaches a predetermined lower threshold, and once the lower threshold is reached: stopping the reactive ion etching process.
- the invention is based on the consideration that one difficulty with all known methods is the optimization of the duration of the etching process. If the etching time is too short, a relatively large plateau remains on the truncated cone forming during the etching process, which then only has to be sharpened by a complicated further process such as oxidation. If the etching time is too long, although a sharp tip is formed, which becomes smaller with increasing duration of the etching process.
- the invention is based on the finding that the duration of a RIE process can be optimized using a mask if the RIE process is terminated at the exact moment when the mask is completely dissolved and a sharp tip is formed for the first time. Furthermore, the invention includes the realization that this moment can be determined, provided that during the etching process of the mask, consisting of a masking material, a gaseous component is released which is not released in the etching process of the tip material, and which in the Etch chamber can be detected. At the moment when the mask is completely dissolved, the gaseous component is no longer released, and the absence of the gaseous component can thus determine the time at which the mask has dissolved.
- the etching chamber is continuously evacuated so that the reactive ion etching process can proceed under controlled conditions under high vacuum.
- the ion etching is preferably carried out carried under high vacuum conditions, ie in particular at a pressure in the range between 10 "3 and 10" 7 hPa. Therefore, the time at which the mask is dissolved and no gaseous corresponds Component releases more, essentially the time at which the absence of the gaseous components is detected.
- the concept of the invention accordingly provides for determining the time for terminating the RIE process with respect to the time at which a certain gaseous component which is released during the etching of the mask material in the etching chamber, but not during the etching of the tip material in the Etch chamber has fallen below a predetermined lower threshold value amount.
- the invention relates to an apparatus for producing at least one nano-tip, comprising - a system for reactive ion etching with an etching chamber, a detection device for at least one gaseous component in the etching chamber, which is designed to generate and output a signal contains information about an amount of the gaseous component currently present in the etching chamber, and a controller connected to the detection means and the reactive ion etching apparatus and configured to start, sustain and stop a reactive ion etching process in the etching chamber, Compare the information obtained by the detection device about the current amount of the gaseous component in the etching chamber with a predefined lower threshold, and to stop upon reaching the lower threshold, the reactive ion etching process in the etching chamber.
- the mask is applied to the wafer with a homogeneous layer thickness, it is also ensured with the aid of the method according to the invention that, in the production of a plurality of tips, all the tips have the same and reproducible height.
- the mask material is an oxide, because then the detectable gaseous component can be oxygen.
- the detectable gaseous component can be oxygen.
- sensors such as lambda probes, paramagnetic sensors or resistive probes.
- Suitable materials from which the nano-tips can be formed are Si, W, Ta, Nb or Mo.
- the tip material is silicon and contains the mask or even consists essentially of silicon oxide.
- Silicon tips have advantages in numerous applications. In particular, for applications in sensors, the use of silicon nanotips is advantageous in gas sensors, for example because of a high detection sensitivity achievable. Since silicon can also be used as a substrate in the manufacture of nano-tips, there is no problem in the operation of a nano-tip product due to different thermal expansion coefficients of substrate and tip. In the production of nano-tips made of metal, in one embodiment of the method low-temperature Si0 2 can be used.
- the gaseous component is detected in preferred embodiments of the method in the etching chamber by means of a detection method which uses a gas chromatograph or a spectrometer; in particular mass spectroscopy, ellipsometry and optical emission spectroscopy are suitable for use in embodiments of the method according to the invention.
- the predetermined lower threshold value corresponds to a detection limit for the gaseous component in the detection method used. It is therefore advantageous if the gaseous component which is liberated during the etching of the mask layer has the lowest possible detection limit in the atmosphere prevailing in the etching chamber, in order to optimize the duration of the etching process. For this purpose, apart from the selection of the mask material, the process gases used and the selection of the detection technology used are responsible for the gaseous component. The lower the minimum detectable concentration, ie the detection limit, the lower the amount of gaseous grain component, which can no longer be detected, but is still released in the etching chamber.
- the lower threshold can also be set at values higher than the detection limit. For example, it may be useful if the lower threshold value is set in such a way that it is taken into account that ions are still available in the etching chamber for a short time after stopping the reactive ion etching process and the etching reaction ends with a time delay.
- the ratio of the etch rate acting on the mask material to the etch rate acting on the tip material can be used to set both the height of the nanotip and the angle of attack for a given tip material. With the help of this ⁇ tzratenciteds the slope of the cone can be optimized depending on the application. In a preferred embodiment, the ratio of the etch rate acting on the mask material to the etch rate acting on the tip material is 1: 5. This is particularly advantageous if, in the later application, electrodes are to be arranged around the tip at a minimum distance in order, for example, to manufacture a triode component.
- the mask is produced by the following steps:
- the coating of the mask material is applied directly to the tip material by means of a low-temperature deposition process, in particular by means of plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition.
- 3a-3d a schematic representation of a method for producing a
- Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a device according to the invention.
- FIG. 2a to 2d show a schematic representation of an embodiment of the method according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 a schematically shows a silicon wafer 210 with a mask 220 of SiO 2 applied thereto.
- the silicon wafer 210 with the applied mask 220 of Si0 2 serves as a starting point for an RIE process described below.
- the silicon wafer 210 is highly p-dodiert in one embodiment of the inventive method.
- Metallic nano-tips can also be produced with the aid of the method according to the invention, for example from W, Ta, Nb or Mo.
- the starting point in this case is usually a silicon substrate with a coating of the respective metal, the layer thickness of the coating corresponding at least to the intended final height of the nano-tips .
- ken of silicon oxide or Si0 2 are used, which are deposited, however, with respect to respective melting points, preferably at lower temperatures than in the production of silicon nanotips.
- the oxide deposition at comparatively lower temperatures succeeds, for example, with a PECVD (plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition) method.
- PECVD plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition
- the wafer 210 is introduced into an etching chamber and subjected to an RIE process, in which a gas mixture of SiCl 4 + Cl 2 + N 2 is used in the embodiment shown.
- both the silicon wafer 210 and the SiO 2 mask 220 are etched therein.
- the etch rate ratio of silicon dioxide to silicon is set to 1: 5. This leads to the formation of a truncated cone with the desired angle of attack.
- oxygen 230 is released.
- the oxygen 230 is detected by an oxygen sensor 240.
- the reactive ion etching process is carried out in a high vacuum.
- the etching chamber is evacuated continuously, resulting reaction products dwell so only a very short time in the etching chamber.
- the sensor forwards the result of its measurement to a control device (not shown here), which is designed to stop the inflow of the etching gas mixture when a predetermined threshold value of the concentration of the oxygen is reached.
- Fig. 2c shows an advanced stage of the etching process. As the etching process progresses, the angle of attack of the cone becomes steeper. The mask layer 220 has become narrower in the course of the etching process but still exists. Further, as oxygen is released, which is detected by the oxygen sensor 240, etching gas continues to flow into the etching chamber.
- FIG. 2 d The end of the etching process is shown in FIG. 2 d, the silicon wafer 210 having nanopipes 251 and 252 formed thereon is shown.
- the mask is completely dissolved since no oxygen is released from the Si substrate during etching be detected.
- the predetermined lower threshold is thus reached or fallen below and the inflow of etching gas into the etching chamber is stopped.
- 3a to 3d schematically show a per se known sequence of manufacturing steps as an example of a process for producing the mask 220 shown in Fig. 2a on the silicon substrate 210.
- Fig. 3a is first on a high p-dod Silicon wafer 310, a first layer 320 of thermal silicon dioxide and a second layer 360 of thermal Si 3 N 4 deposited.
- An organic anti-reflection coating (ARC) 370 is applied to the second layer 360.
- a resist layer is applied, which is patterned by means of photolithography.
- a positive mask is generated, that is, the mask is applied to the places where the nano-tips are to be generated later.
- a Si0 2 mask is used for the production of metallic nano-tips.
- the Si0 2 layer is deposited by means of low temperature deposition methods, such as plasma assisted chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), so that the process temperatures are well below the melting point of the particular metal used.
- 3b shows the layer structure after the photolithography process for producing the resist mask 380.
- an etching process is carried out, which leads to the fact that the silicon wafer 310 is exposed everywhere where there is no resist mask. The result of the etching process is shown in FIG. 3c.
- the remaining resist mask 380, the organic ARC layer 370 and the thermal Si 3 N 4 360 are removed by means of selective etching.
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic block diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention with a system for reactive ion etching.
- An etch chamber 410 of the system allows a reactive ion etch process to be performed.
- a gaseous component detector 420 in the embodiment shown an oxygen sensor, is configured to detect the oxygen present in the etch chamber and to generate a signal containing information about the amount of oxygen in the etch chamber.
- the detection device 420 outputs this signal to a control device 430.
- the controller 430 is configured to start, sustain, and stop the reactive ion etching process occurring in the etch chamber 410.
- the control device 430 compares the information output by the detection device 420 about the current amount of the gaseous component in the etching chamber with a predefined threshold value and stops the reactive ion etching process in the etching chamber when the lower threshold value is reached.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Drying Of Semiconductors (AREA)
- Cold Cathode And The Manufacture (AREA)
- Micromachines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102013211178.9A DE102013211178A1 (de) | 2013-06-14 | 2013-06-14 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Nanospitzen |
| PCT/EP2014/062462 WO2014198944A1 (de) | 2013-06-14 | 2014-06-13 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von nanospitzen |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3008747A1 true EP3008747A1 (de) | 2016-04-20 |
Family
ID=50942290
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP14729916.8A Ceased EP3008747A1 (de) | 2013-06-14 | 2014-06-13 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von nanospitzen |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9873949B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP3008747A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102013211178A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2014198944A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5562168A (en) | 1978-11-01 | 1980-05-10 | Toshiba Corp | Ion-entching method |
| GB2227362B (en) * | 1989-01-18 | 1992-11-04 | Gen Electric Co Plc | Electronic devices |
| US5312514A (en) * | 1991-11-07 | 1994-05-17 | Microelectronics And Computer Technology Corporation | Method of making a field emitter device using randomly located nuclei as an etch mask |
| US5233263A (en) | 1991-06-27 | 1993-08-03 | International Business Machines Corporation | Lateral field emission devices |
| US5391259A (en) | 1992-05-15 | 1995-02-21 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Method for forming a substantially uniform array of sharp tips |
| US5607602A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1997-03-04 | Applied Komatsu Technology, Inc. | High-rate dry-etch of indium and tin oxides by hydrogen and halogen radicals such as derived from HCl gas |
| KR20010011136A (ko) * | 1999-07-26 | 2001-02-15 | 정선종 | 나노구조를 에미터로 사용한 삼극형 전계 방출 에미터의 구조및 그 제조방법 |
| US7041224B2 (en) * | 1999-10-26 | 2006-05-09 | Reflectivity, Inc. | Method for vapor phase etching of silicon |
| KR100480771B1 (ko) | 2000-01-05 | 2005-04-06 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 전계방출소자 및 그 제조방법 |
| US6607415B2 (en) | 2001-06-12 | 2003-08-19 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Method for fabricating tiny field emitter tips |
| JP4460803B2 (ja) * | 2001-09-05 | 2010-05-12 | パナソニック株式会社 | 基板表面処理方法 |
| EP2409331A4 (de) * | 2009-03-20 | 2017-06-28 | Intevac, Inc. | Verfahren zur herstellung einer kristallsolarzelle mit erhöhter effizienz |
-
2013
- 2013-06-14 DE DE102013211178.9A patent/DE102013211178A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2014
- 2014-06-13 EP EP14729916.8A patent/EP3008747A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2014-06-13 WO PCT/EP2014/062462 patent/WO2014198944A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2014-06-13 US US14/897,769 patent/US9873949B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| None * |
| See also references of WO2014198944A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20160186333A1 (en) | 2016-06-30 |
| US9873949B2 (en) | 2018-01-23 |
| WO2014198944A1 (de) | 2014-12-18 |
| DE102013211178A1 (de) | 2014-12-18 |
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