EP3005725A1 - Tellerfeder-schallwandler - Google Patents
Tellerfeder-schallwandlerInfo
- Publication number
- EP3005725A1 EP3005725A1 EP14730825.8A EP14730825A EP3005725A1 EP 3005725 A1 EP3005725 A1 EP 3005725A1 EP 14730825 A EP14730825 A EP 14730825A EP 3005725 A1 EP3005725 A1 EP 3005725A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sound transducer
- spring
- housing
- sound
- volume
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
- H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only
- H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
- H04R1/2803—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means for loudspeaker transducers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
- H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
- H04R7/06—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers
- H04R7/10—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers comprising superposed layers in contact
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/16—Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones
- H04R7/24—Tensioning by means acting directly on free portions of diaphragm or cone
Definitions
- the application relates to a sound transducer for the generation and recording of
- Silencers with required low-frequency sound generation a critical parameter.
- the sound-proof housing causes size and cost and it takes up space, which is often not available.
- Such an oriented manipulation of the normally air-filled housing constitutes the generation of a vacuum by evacuation, e.g. DE 100 58 698 A1, in order to reduce the stiffness of the air spring in the rear housing volume.
- acoustically targeted approach of cavity evacuation has also been used in acoustic resonant bodies (Bschorr, O., Laudien, E.: The Silator - a Small Volume Resonator, Journal of Sound and Vibration 1992, 1, 58, pp. 81-92. ) tracked.
- the reduced stiffness of the air spring is in the foreground, albeit in the
- Difficulty is also a location-dependent fluctuation of the external pressure to observe, which brings with the same internal pressure, a location-dependent pressure difference as well.
- a sensor alone in the case can not do this.
- the achievable reduction in case depth can in some cases justify the overall effort. This underlines at least the attractiveness and importance of flat loudspeaker cabinets in certain applications.
- a loudspeaker arrangement with a low volume contains a large area, flat and lightweight membrane assembly which can oscillate at a resonant frequency of a few hertz. This is achieved through a vacuum chamber in conjunction with a chamber containing compressed air or compressed vapor. This chamber acts on a movable pressure boundary with variable area, which is mechanically coupled to the acoustically radiating membrane. In an alternative mode of operation, the arrangement also serves as a passive damper for low frequency sound.
- WO 2009/082 060 A1 discloses a membrane for electroacoustic sounders and an electroacoustic sound generator with a membrane.
- the diaphragm is coupled to a coil in the central region and in the edge region to the open end of a housing.
- the membrane can vibrate depending on a magnetic flux formed in a space surrounded by a magnet and a top plate.
- the magnetic flux is formed by applying alternating current signals to the coil.
- the membrane further includes a support member which is secured to a surface of the membrane to prevent the membrane from reacting very strongly to external forces.
- An annular support projection is mounted in the middle region of a surface of the support member to hold the coil in the correct position.
- the object of the invention is an improved transducer with reduced
- a sound transducer having a housing enclosing a volume and wherein at least one surface or sub-surface is formed by a vibrationally supported sheet, with a drive unit for the vibratory supported sheet and wherein the volume is evacuable is.
- Characteristic of the transducer is that the oscillating mounted
- Sheet is formed as part of a spring assembly, wherein the spring assembly is in an untensioned or barely tensioned state when in volume
- Ambient pressure or near ambient pressure has a sufficiently high spring stiffness to the pressure difference in the evacuation of the
- Case occurs to withstand, and has a lower spring stiffness when the housing is evacuated, so that the vibratory bearing sheet can be excited with little effort to vibrate.
- the oscillatingly supported sheet can form the spring arrangement itself or can be part of a spring arrangement, that is, other resilient parts are present. If ambient pressure or almost ambient pressure is present in the volume, as a rule, no forces act on the spring arrangement.
- the spring assembly is in an untensioned or hardly
- evacuation as is common practice, is understood to mean any appreciable drop in pressure relative to ambient pressure and not just near-total evacuation. Since it is only important that vibrations can be stimulated more easily, it is usually sufficient to evacuate to a pressure of less than 100 mbar. At this point should be mentioned that it should be sufficient in the normal case, the vacuum once in the production of
- the desired low spring stiffness in the evacuated state is not solely in the interest of a low expenditure of force. Rather, it is about the vibration characteristics, which should also allow low-frequency vibrations. To avoid misunderstandings, it should be pointed out that the spring stiffness indicates the ratio of the force required for a deflection to deflection.
- the spring arrangement is a disc spring or an arrangement of a plurality of disc springs.
- Disc springs usually have the desired characteristics described above. Such springs are common.
- the "plate” of the spring it is possible for the "plate" of the spring to form the membrane,
- the volume evacuated is
- vibrationally supported sheet material as far as no force is exerted on the sheet apart from the force exerted by the pressure difference, largely in one plane. This often results from the characteristics of the Disc springs, which has a low spring stiffness in one layer largely in one plane, ie in a flat state.
- the vibratory mounted In one embodiment of the invention, the vibratory mounted
- the membrane has multiple layers, which layers may have different functions. So at least one layer must fulfill the task of ensuring the vacuum tightness. Other layers can contribute to spring characteristics. Also functions like light absorption and light reflection can be fulfilled.
- actuators and / or sensors are integrated in and / or on the oscillatory sheet.
- Actuators are transducers or actuators often referred to as actuators due to the term "actuator.” Actuators translate electrical signals from, for example, a control computer into mechanical motion or other physical quantities sensors have the opposite tasks and record different physical quantities in order to convert them into an electrical signal. The function of the actuator and the sensor is often fulfilled by a component
- Bending transducers which can be designed as piezoelectric elements. For example, it would be possible to detect incident sound.
- the described actuators and / or sensors may form a layer of the membrane, as stated several
- Layers can have.
- Sound transducer is, this could be compensated by actuators to continue to have a rest position with low spring stiffness.
- the actuators can also be used to compensate for external pressure changes. This is to think of changes in ambient pressure through the use of different levels or weather-related pressure changes. Also, pressure changes can result from the use at different points in technical systems. Thus, a pressure could prevail below the usual atmospheric pressure in the environment, as is usual in an environment with gases that should not escape into the environment. There may also be an increased external pressure, such as in chimneys or pipes. Furthermore, pressure fluctuations can be compensated by an external sound field, such as a sound to be damped. Such pressure fluctuations are clearly much more dynamic than the previously described.
- the actuators can also drive the vibratory fabric to vibrate.
- the actuators can be arranged at the edge of the sheet.
- the housing provides fixed counterparts, so that the counterforce necessary for the drive can be provided.
- this is a kind of active suspension of the fabric
- the sound transducer for detecting a sound can be used, in particular for detection for the purpose of active damping of the sound. If the vibrationally supported fabric is not otherwise excited, the vibration can be used to deduce an external sound field. The sound can be detected through the described sensors. But it is also possible for other vibration excitation, such as by the described actuators, to detect incident sound, of course, a suitable signal evaluation is required.
- a plurality of vibrationally supported sheets are mounted in a housing.
- a housing such as a pillbox.
- the packaging can be thought of as a common housing. This may include a common volume or a plurality of subdivided individual volumes. It is a variety of
- vibrationally supported fabrics so usually a variety of membranes arranged. This can be achieved with little effort a large number of vibrationally mounted fabrics and thus a corresponding sound excitation, or in the case of active sound attenuation, appropriate sound attenuation.
- an arrangement with a plurality of above-described sound transducers is also conceivable. This increases the effects of a single arrangement. By appropriate arrangement, more than a mere addition of effects can sometimes be achieved.
- the arrangement is formed by side-by-side and / or rear-side arranged sound transducers, resulting in particular planar or curved arrangements.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of the diaphragm spring transducer according to the invention, consisting of diaphragm spring diaphragm 1 with a
- Cavity 4 and pneumatic valve opening 5 in the state before or during the evacuation.
- Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of the diaphragm spring transducer according to the invention as shown in Fig. 1 after the evacuation.
- Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of the disc spring transducer according to the invention as shown in Fig. 2 with adaptive sensor-actuator combinations 6 on the plate spring diaphragm 1 for correcting deviating from the flatness of the diaphragm spring diaphragm deflection due to change in external pressure.
- Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of the disc spring transducer according to the invention as shown in Fig. 2 but as a plan view.
- FIG. 1 shows a sheet-like membrane 1 designed as a correspondingly shaped, vibrationally supported sheet.
- the surface of the membrane is closed and provided with a vibration drive 2 and the associated electrical connections.
- a flat, soundproof housing 3 connects, which forms an evacuable cavity 4 for an enclosed volume together with the diaphragm spring diaphragm 1.
- the housing 2 may have a pneumatic valve opening 5 for targeted evacuation of the cavity 4 during manufacture or for adaptation to changing external conditions.
- the diaphragm spring diaphragm 1 can be by means of material and geometry, for. B. in the manner of a spherical cap with curved edge formations for a sliding transition to the surrounding housing surface, so dimensioned that they at a certain, beyond the linear range outgoing force or pressure difference in a nearly flat position, the flatness, ie a position largely in a level, but without breaking through.
- the diaphragm spring diaphragm enters a curved into the housing 3 in the state and would remain there without exerting force.
- the flatness can be seen in Figure 2.
- a kind of floating state is given, in which a small amount of mechanical (alternating) force can easily achieve a relatively large deflection.
- the diaphragm spring diaphragm 1 offers almost no resistance. Exactly this corresponds to the desire of a sound transducer, with a comparatively weak drive system, a comparatively large diaphragm deflection or
- Disc spring transducer connected to the described use of a diaphragm spring diaphragm 1.
- Disc springs are by their initially great spring stiffness able to absorb large forces in a small space. Their spring characteristic can be made relatively free by material and shape adaptation. As is known, for the diameter, the spring travel to plate spring thickness and outer diameter
- Plate spring thickness usable as well as material characteristics. Unless it is a round spring, but about an elliptical or rectangular arrangement, which is not to assign a diameter, also enters the appropriate dimension. In addition to linear, so can degressive and progressive characteristics with a non-constant spring stiffness realize. Likewise, the experience is long
- the diaphragm spring diaphragm 1 can be produced industrially without problems together with the housing 3. Different methods are possible. Constructional overhead, such. B. for beads or centering, is avoided because it is already given functionally by the intrinsic properties of the diaphragm spring diaphragm 1.
- the hermetic closure of the overall system as well as the metallic or metallised materials make it possible to create robust, hygienic sound transducers which are required in certain fields of application. Only the electrical connections represent a connection to the outside.
- the area-related mass of the diaphragm spring diaphragm 1 is important here also results in an easily manageable freedom of design.
- Embodiments of the diaphragm spring transducer according to the invention result, for example, from the optionally required adaptation to a changing external pressure, for example when used in active silencers for
- sensor-actuator combinations 6 connected to the plate-spring diaphragm 1 are suitable, as can be seen in FIG. 3, for example in the manner of active, quasi-static bending transducers, in conjunction with a simple one
- Control system Changes the deflection of the sensor-actuator combinations 6 with respect to a reference state, for. As the flatness of the diaphragm spring diaphragm 1, the deflection is actuarially corrected.
- the sensor-actuator combinations 6 may additionally be arranged as described at the edge of the membrane 1 and form the vibration drive 2, d. H. both for a static adjustment of the flatness and for the dynamic
- Disc spring transducers combined to flat or curved surfaces and thereby be controlled the same or different.
- the integration of individual or more inventive disc spring transducers in or on devices, eg. B. Computers, monitors and communication devices, machines, vehicles, airplanes or other equipment and facilities is advantageous due to the space-saving designs.
- Another application of the diaphragm spring transducer according to the invention which also benefits from the planar and flat design, relates to the recording of sound vibrations.
- the diaphragm spring diaphragm 1 is excited by external sound fields to vibrate and the vibration drive 2 or the sensor actuator combinations 6 convert these oscillatory movements into electrical energy or other usable signals. Almost all previously mentioned functions and advantages are equally applicable here.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
- Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102013210708.0A DE102013210708B4 (de) | 2013-06-07 | 2013-06-07 | Tellerfeder-Schallwandler |
| PCT/EP2014/061900 WO2014195494A1 (de) | 2013-06-07 | 2014-06-06 | Tellerfeder-schallwandler |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3005725A1 true EP3005725A1 (de) | 2016-04-13 |
| EP3005725B1 EP3005725B1 (de) | 2018-10-17 |
Family
ID=50972672
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP14730825.8A Not-in-force EP3005725B1 (de) | 2013-06-07 | 2014-06-06 | Tellerfeder-schallwandler |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3005725B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102013210708B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2014195494A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1299327B (de) * | 1967-01-09 | 1969-07-17 | Isophon Werke Gmbh | Lautsprecher mit Kolben-, insbesondere Konusmembrane |
| NL8301460A (nl) * | 1983-04-26 | 1984-11-16 | Philips Nv | Elektroakoestische omzettereenheid met verlaagde resonantiefrekwentie. |
| DE10058698B4 (de) | 2000-11-26 | 2006-10-19 | Andreas Nuske | Elektrodynamischer Vakuum-Flachlautsprecher |
| US7885418B1 (en) * | 2007-01-17 | 2011-02-08 | William Brian Hallman | Acoustic actuator and passive attenuator incorporating a lightweight acoustic diaphragm with an ultra low resonant frequency coupled with a shallow enclosure of small volume |
| KR100824436B1 (ko) * | 2007-12-26 | 2008-04-23 | 주식회사 예일전자 | 전자음향변환기의 진동판 및 그 진동판을 갖는전자음향변환기 |
-
2013
- 2013-06-07 DE DE102013210708.0A patent/DE102013210708B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2014
- 2014-06-06 EP EP14730825.8A patent/EP3005725B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2014-06-06 WO PCT/EP2014/061900 patent/WO2014195494A1/de not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2014195494A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102013210708A1 (de) | 2014-12-11 |
| DE102013210708B4 (de) | 2015-01-22 |
| WO2014195494A1 (de) | 2014-12-11 |
| EP3005725B1 (de) | 2018-10-17 |
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