EP2998035A1 - Device for separating materials - Google Patents

Abstract

A material separation device, comprising: a first conveyor belt (11) provided with first displacement means along a substantially horizontal first axis (12), a second sorter mat (13) provided with second displacement means (19) along a substantially horizontal second axis (14), said second sorter mat being disposed above the first conveyor belt and bearing reliefs (20) extending towards the first conveyor belt. The first and second mats are arranged so that projections of the first and second axes in a horizontal plane form a non-zero angle (±). A material separation installation, comprising such a device.

Description

The present invention relates to a material separation device, of the type comprising: a first conveyor belt, provided with first displacement means along a first substantially horizontal axis; a second sorting belt, provided with second displacement means along a second substantially horizontal axis, said second sorting belt being disposed above the first conveyor belt, said second sorting belt bearing reliefs extending towards the first conveyor belt,

The invention applies in particular to the field of selective sorting of household waste.

It is known, particularly from the document FR2392797 separation devices of the aforementioned type, intended to recover the lightest and most flexible materials of a mixture of household waste. These materials are, for example, films or plastic bags, in particular of the polyethylene type.

The object of the invention is to improve the existing devices by proposing in particular a device that is easy to integrate into complex waste treatment installations in order to unclog the subsequent sorting operations.

For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a material separation device of the aforementioned type, in which the first and the second mats are arranged so that projections of the first and second axes in a horizontal plane form a non-zero angle. .

• l'angle entre les projections du premier et du second axe est compris entre 30° et 90°, préférentiellement entre 30° et 60° ;
• le dispositif comprend en outre un premier moyen de soufflage disposé au-dessus du premier tapis transporteur, ledit premier moyen étant apte à produire un flux d'air sensiblement perpendiculaire audit premier tapis et orienté vers le bas ;
• le premier tapis transporteur est percé de trous et le dispositif comprend un deuxième moyen de soufflage disposé au-dessous du premier tapis transporteur, ledit deuxième moyen étant apte à produire un flux d'air sensiblement perpendiculaire audit premier tapis et orienté vers le haut, de sorte que les trous soient traversés par ledit flux d'air ;
• les reliefs du second tapis trieur sont des tiges s'étendant sensiblement perpendiculairement audit second tapis ;
• une tige présente une longueur comprise entre 200 et 300 mm ;
• les tiges sont munies de moyens de variation de leur longueur ;
• le premier et le second tapis sont séparés d'une distance verticale comprise entre 300 et 400 mm.

According to particular embodiments, the separation device comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken separately or in any possible technical combination:

• the angle between the projections of the first and the second axis is between 30 ° and 90 °, preferably between 30 ° and 60 °;
• the device further comprises a first blowing means disposed above the first conveyor belt, said first means being capable of producing a flow of air substantially perpendicular to said first belt and oriented downwards;
• the first conveyor belt is pierced with holes and the device comprises a second blowing means disposed below the first conveyor belt, said second means being capable of producing a flow of air substantially perpendicular to said first mat and facing upwards, so that the holes are traversed by said air flow;
• the reliefs of the second sorter mat are rods extending substantially perpendicularly to said second mat;
• a rod has a length of between 200 and 300 mm;
• the rods are provided with means for varying their length;
• the first and second mats are separated by a vertical distance of between 300 and 400 mm.

The invention also relates to a material separation installation, comprising a separation device as described above.

• la figure 1 est une vue latérale, en coupe, d'un dispositif de séparation selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
• la figure 2 est une vue de dessus du dispositif de la figure 1.

The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of example and with reference to the drawings in which:

• the figure 1 is a side view, in section, of a separation device according to one embodiment of the invention;
• the figure 2 is a top view of the device of the figure 1 .

The material separation device 10, shown in FIGS. figures 1 and 2 , is intended in particular for the selective sorting of household waste 16,17. Preferably, the device 10 is part of an installation (not shown) of selective sorting of waste.

The device 10 comprises a first conveyor belt 11 provided with displacement means along a first axis 12. The device 10 further comprises a second sorting belt 13 disposed above the first conveyor belt 11. The second belt 13 is provided with means for moving along a second axis 14. The means for moving the first and second mats will be explained later.

In the embodiment shown in figures 1 and 2 the axis 12 is horizontal. According to one variant, the axis 12 has a slight inclination with respect to the horizontal, with an angle preferably less than 15 °.

Similarly, in the embodiment shown in figures 1 and 2 the axis 14 is horizontal. According to one variant, the axis 14 has a slight inclination with respect to the horizontal, with an angle preferably less than 14 °. The first belt 11 and the second belt 13 are preferably parallel, but, alternatively, the first belt 11 and the second belt 13 are inclined relative to each other.

Projections of the first axis 12 and the second axis 14 in the same horizontal plane form an angle α ( figure 2 ) not bad. Preferably, the angle α is between 30 ° and 90 °. More preferably, the angle α is between 30 ° and 60 °. The lower the angle α, the more the second belt 13 covers a large surface of the first belt 11.

The first mat 11 comprises a first strip 15 of a flexible material, textile or rubber type. The strip 15 is for example closed on itself and arranged on moving means such as rollers (not shown). The carpet 11 is therefore able to move along the axis 12 of the materials 16, 17 placed on the strip 15.

The second belt 13 comprises a second strip 18 of flexible material, closed on itself around displacement means such as rollers 19. The rollers 19 are rotatable about substantially horizontal axes.

An outer face of the second strip 18, bears reliefs 20. In the example of figures 1 and 2 , the reliefs 20 are linear rods disposed substantially perpendicularly to the band 18.

On a lower face 21 ( figure 1 ) of the band 18, the rods 20 are oriented towards the first belt 11. Preferably, a vertical distance 22 between the first band 15 and the lower face 21 of the second band 18 is between 300 mm and 400 mm. Preferably, a length 23 of the rods 20 is between 200 mm and 300 mm. It is desirable to maintain a minimum clearance between the rods 20 and the strip 15.

According to a not shown variant of the invention, the rods 20 are provided with means for varying the length 23 in order to adapt the length of said rods to the dimensions of the sorted waste. A rod 20 comprises for example a threaded tube whose one end is fixed to the second band 18, another end of said tube cooperating with a threaded bar. The length 23 of the rod 20 is modified by screwing or unscrewing the threaded bar into the threaded tube.

A first part 24 ( figure 2 ) of the lower face 21 is located directly above the first band 15. A second portion 25 of the lower face 21 is aligned with the first portion 24 along the axis 14, in the direction of movement provided for the lower face. 21. The second portion 25 is located above a recovery bucket 26. The bucket 26 is placed near a lateral edge of the first band 15.

According to a first preferred embodiment of the invention, the device 10 comprises a first blowing means such as nozzles 27, disposed above the first band 15. The upper nozzles 27 are connected to a compressed air inlet and are capable of producing a substantially vertical flow of air downwards, in the direction of the strip 15. The upper nozzles 27 are preferably located near the second carpet 13, in particular at the vertical of said second carpet, or slightly upstream by relative to the displacement of the first band 15.

According to a second preferred embodiment of the invention, the device 10 comprises a second blowing means such as one or more sealed boxes 28, arranged under the first strip 15. The lower boxes 28 are connected to an air inlet compressed or pressurizing fan of the box or caissons. Otherwise, according to said second preferred embodiment, the strip 15 is pierced with holes 29. The lower boxes 28 are able to produce a flow of air substantially vertical upwards, in the direction of the strip 15 and through the holes 29. The boxes 28 lower are preferably located near the second belt 13, in particular at the vertical of said second belt, or slightly upstream with respect to the displacement of the first belt 15.

An operation of the device 10 is described below: the first belt 11 is set in motion and a mixture of waste 16, 17 to be sorted is loaded on the strip 15, upstream of the second belt 13. For example, the first mat 11 moves at a speed between 0.3 m / s and 1.2 m / s, and preferably 1 m / s. The speed of the first mat makes it possible to control the thickness of the waste layer.

The second belt 13 is then set in motion. For example, the second belt 13 moves at a speed of 1 m / s. The waste mixture 16, 17 comes into contact with the reliefs 20. The lightest and most flexible waste 16, such as films or plastic bags, tend to rise due to the displacement of the first band 15. Said waste 16 lighter then cling to the reliefs 20, while the heavier waste 17 continue their journey on the first band 15. The shape of the reliefs 20 is optionally adapted to increase or decrease the rate of attachment of waste 16, for example by means of asperities or a crooked curvature.

Due to the displacement of the second strip 18, the lightest waste 16 is driven by the reliefs 20 vertically of the bucket 26. Said waste 16 is then unhooked from the reliefs 20, manually or mechanically, and stored in the bucket 26 Alternatively, the upward pivoting of the reliefs 20 at the end of the belt 13 is sufficient to unhook the waste 16 which then falls into the bucket 26.

According to the first preferential mode described above, the upper nozzles 27 blow a stream of air downwards, creating turbulence which favors the lifting of the lightest waste 16 on the strip 15. The reliefs 20 thus hang more easily said waste 16.

According to the second preferential mode described above, the lower chambers 28 blow an upward flow of air through the holes 29 of the strip 15, which favors the lifting of the lightest waste 16 on said strip 15 It is possible to combine the first and second preferential modes above.

An angular disposition of the first and second mats as described above makes it possible to recover light waste 16 on one side of the first belt 11 in a simple and efficient manner, while having a small footprint enabling easy insertion into a separation facility. waste.

The device described above can be installed in place of an existing conveyor, or inserted between two existing steps, for example at the exit of a rotary screen or a trampoline screen. The device, in its application to the separation for example of plastic films, disengages the sorting operations downstream.

Claims (10)

Apparatus (10) for separating materials, comprising: a first conveyor belt (11) provided with first displacement means along a substantially horizontal first axis (12), a second sorter mat (13) provided with second displacement means (19) along a substantially horizontal second axis (14), said second sorter mat being disposed above the first conveyor belt,
said second sorter mat bearing reliefs (20) extending towards the first conveyor belt,
characterized in that the first and second mats are arranged so that projections of the first and second axes in a horizontal plane form a non-zero angle (α). Separation device according to claim 1, wherein the angle (α) is between 30 ° and 90 °. Separation device according to claim 2, wherein the angle (α) is between 30 ° and 60 °. Separating device according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a first blowing means (27) disposed above the first conveyor belt (11), said first means being capable of producing a flow of air substantially perpendicular to said first carpet and facing down. Separating device according to one of the preceding claims, such as: the first conveyor belt is pierced with holes (29), the device comprises a second blowing means (28) disposed beneath the first conveyor belt, said second means being capable of producing a flow of air substantially perpendicular to said first mat and oriented upwards, so that the holes are traversed by said flow of air. Separation device according to one of the preceding claims, such that the reliefs of the second sorting belt are rods (20) extending substantially perpendicularly to said second belt. Separation device according to claim 6, such that a rod (20) has a length (23) of between 200 and 300 mm. Separation device according to claim 6 or claim 7, such that the rods (20) are provided with means for varying their length (23). Separation device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first and second mats are separated by a vertical distance (22) of between 300 and 400 mm. Material separation plant, characterized in that it comprises a separating device (10) according to one of the preceding claims.

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