EP2997214A1

EP2997214A1 - Composite element, in particular composite element for an insulating-glass unit

Info

Publication number: EP2997214A1
Application number: EP14723817.4A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Matthias Dick; Anton Ettlin
Original assignee: Sika Technology AG
Current assignee: Sika Technology AG
Priority date: 2013-05-14
Filing date: 2014-05-14
Publication date: 2016-03-23
Also published as: WO2014184256A1; US20160053528A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a composite element (10), in particular a composite element (10) for an insulating-glass unit, at least comprising a first pane element (20) and at least one second pane element (22) and at least one first profile element (30), wherein the profile element (30) has at least one first connecting surface (32) and/or at least one second connecting surface (33), wherein the first and/or the second connecting surface (32, 33) are/is provided for applying and/or accommodating a first connecting means (40), wherein the first connecting surface (32) has provided adjacent to it a third connecting surface (34) for applying and/or accommodating a second connecting means (50), and/or the second connecting surface (33) has provided adjacent to it a fourth connecting surface (35) for applying and/or accommodating a second connecting means (50), and wherein the first pane element (20) and the second pane element (22) can be, or are, connected by means of the profile element (30) and of the first connecting means (40) and/or of the second connecting means (50). The present invention also relates to an insulating-glass unit (100), a profile element (30), a window, a door, and to a method for producing a composite element or an insulating-glass unit (100).

Description

Composite element, in particular composite element for a

Insulating glass pane Technical field

The present invention relates to a composite element, in particular a composite element for an insulating glass pane, an insulating glass pane, a profile element, a window, a door and a method for producing a composite element or an insulating glass pane.

State of the art

Insulating glass panes are already known from the prior art.

Multi-pane insulating glass (MIG), also referred to as insulating or glazing, is a composite of at least two glass panes component for z. Eg windows. Between the discs is a cavity that is hermetically sealed and the

Thermal insulation serves. Precursors were the double glazing without

Air termination, the so-called composite window and the double

Single glazing at the box window or winter window.

The insulating glazing is in contrast to other types of heat-insulating glazing an independent system, which does not require a surrounding frame - usually a window sash - to function. This is achieved by means of a marginal composite, which holds the individual glass sheets at a distance and simultaneously hermetically seals the space between the panes. In the space between the panes there is no air for many years, but for example mostly the better insulating one

Noble gas argon. To minimize the heat conduction of an insulating glass, the

Disc space to be enlarged. However, as gases transfer volume of heat not only by heat conduction (conduction) but also by draft (convection), the thermal insulation of the trapped gas deteriorates again at a certain distance between the discs. To prevent this, another (third) glass pane is installed in the insulating glass.

The purpose of the edge seal is to mechanically hold the glass sheets together at a distance and to prevent gas filling escaping and penetrating instead of their ambient air and humidity.

At the beginning of the technical development of the double insulating glass, a metallic spacer was soldered between the two disks. Another method was to melt the glass rim and simultaneously crimp it to weld the individual glass panes in this way.

For decades, however, a two-stage glued edge bond is common. A 10 to 20 mm wide profile of aluminum, stainless steel or plastic - the so-called spacer - is on both sides with a sticky layer

Butyl rubber provided. It connects the disks to strong ones

Pressing together and at the same time represents the first sealing level. For example, in DE 102 1 1 940 A1 a door leaf of two glass panes is described, in which the glass panes via a to the

Edges of the glass panes arranged profile are connected. As adhesion and vapor barrier layer is between profile and glass each one

Butylmaterial provided that the door leaf interior to protect against moisture penetrating from the outside. After filling the disc space with gas, the gap between the circumference of the spacer and the protruding

Glass edges with a second permanently elastic sealing level

Polyurethane or special polysulfides provided. For facade elements, which are exposed to UV light at this point, silicone is used, which is, however, gas-permeable. An example of the use of

Sealants made of polysulfide or silicone can be found in EP 0 852 280 A1, which deals with spacers for multi-pane insulating glazings. The spacers described therein are characterized by an attached to the entire glazing space facing away from the bonding surface

Metal foil out.

The edge seal ensures the functionality of the insulating glass only for a certain period of time, since the diffusion of gases through a glued edge bond is not completely avoidable. As a result, the thermal insulation value deteriorates continuously due to the escaping filling gas - the default is a maximum of 1% gas shrinkage per year - and ambient air and humidity penetrate. The literature mentions a lifespan of 20 to 30 years. So that the penetrating moisture does not accumulate as condensate in the space between the panes, the spacer is inserted

Desiccants from the family of silica gels or molecular sieves (zeolites) are introduced, as e.g. in EP 0 228 641 A2. Once the desiccant is used up, the inside of the disc gets steamed. This is called a "blind disc".

The edge bond deteriorates the thermal insulation of an insulating glass pane. The heat transfer coefficient for insulating glass is given as Ug value (g = glazing) and does not take into account the effects of the edge bond. A double insulating glass pane of 1 m ^χ 1 m with a conventional aluminum spacer (Psi value: 0.068 W / nrrK) and a Ug value of 1.2 W / m ² K would have had a U-value if the effect of the edge bond was taken into account. Value of: 1, 2 W / m ² K + (4 m 0.068 W / mK) = 1, 5 W / m ² K

The impairment of the thermal insulation value at the edge of the pane leads at low outside temperatures also to the accumulation of water condensate on the interior of the pane. (Since older window elements often have a high

Have the permeability of the condensate is dried by penetrating cold air and is then not noticeable.) Through the use of a Depending on the psi value and room humidity, the condensate accumulation only occurs at lower outside temperatures due to the thermally improved edge bonding - the so-called warm edge with Psi values of 0.03 W / nrrK to 0.05 W / nrrK. However, the known insulating glass panes with the aforementioned two-stage glued edge composite have the problem that these constructions are comparatively complicated and massive with regard to the loads occurring such as thermal expansion of the glass and the spacer,

Net weight of the glass, traffic loads such as wind pressure, suction and

Operating forces are interpreted.

It is therefore the object of the present invention, a composite element, in particular a composite element for an insulating glass pane, a

Insulating glass, a profile element, a window, a door and a method for producing a composite element or an insulating glass advantageously further, in particular the effect that an insulating glass, which is particularly shear-resistant, but at the same time light, stable and cost-effective due to the material savings provided can be.

Presentation of the invention

This object is achieved by a composite element with the features of claim 1. After that it is envisaged that a

Composite element comprises at least a first disc element and at least one second disc element and at least one first profile element, wherein the profile element has at least one first connection surface and / or at least one second connection surface, wherein the first and / or the second connection surface for applying and / or receiving a first Connecting means is provided and arranged, wherein adjacent to the first connection surface, a third connection surface for applying and / or receiving a second connection means and / or adjacent to the second connection surface a fourth connection surface for applying and / or receiving a second Connecting means is provided and wherein the first disc element and the second disc element by means of the profile element and the first

Connecting means and / or the second connecting means are connectable or connected.

The composite element may in particular be a composite element for a

Be insulating glass pane. The profile element can, for example, the

Be spacer of an insulating glass pane. This results in particular the advantage that a composite element comprising at least a first and at least a second

Disc element, e.g. Can be used in connection with insulating glass panes for windows or doors, particularly shear-resistant, but at the same time lightweight, stable and cost-effective due to the material savings can be provided.

The first and the second disc element can be eg glass panes or plastic panes. Furthermore, it can be provided that the first connecting means has a hardness of about 60 Shore A or greater than or equal to 60 Shore A, in particular greater than or equal to about 70 Shore A, preferably greater than or equal to about 90 Shore A. The Shore hardness is a material characteristic value for elastomers and plastics and is specified in the DIN 53505 and DIN 7868 or ISO 868 standards. The core of the Shore hardness tester consists of a spring-loaded pin made of hardened steel. Its depth of penetration into the material to be tested is a measure of the Shore hardness, which is measured on a scale of 0 Shore (2.5 mm penetration depth) to 100 Shore (0 mm penetration depth). A high number means a high degree of hardness. In a Shore hardness tester, an additional device is used, the sample to be measured with a force of 12.5 Newton at Shore-A, and 50 Newton at Shore-D on the measuring table presses. When determining the Shore hardness, the temperature plays a greater role than in the hardness determination of metallic materials. Therefore, the setpoint temperature of 23 ° C is limited to the temperature interval of + 2 K here. The material thickness should be at least 6 millimeters. The hardness of the rubber is due to the crosslinking (weakly crosslinked =

Soft rubber, strongly crosslinked = hard rubber). But also the content of fillers is crucial for the hardness of a rubber article.

It is also possible that the first connecting means is an adhesive, in particular a silicone-based adhesive, in particular a silicone.

However, it is preferred if the adhesive is a two-component

Adhesive system, in particular a two-component adhesive system based on (meth) acrylates, is used, e.g. based on a so-called acrylic double performance (ADP) polymer technology. The first component contains e.g. a reactive monomer, preferably in the form of an acrylate or methacrylate, in particular in the form of a

Methacrylate, while the second component is e.g. serves as initiator.

Suitable initiators in this context are in particular peroxides, e.g. Dibenzoyl. When using two-component

Adhesive systems, the polymerization can be carried out appropriately when mixing with the aid of a static mixer.

Particularly preferred two-component adhesive systems are

for example, described in EP1427790A1 or EP1609831 A1, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference into the present application.

A preferred commercially available adhesive is, for example, SikaFast® 521 1.

These two-component adhesive systems based on (meth) acrylates described above may also contain metal acrylates, in particular in the form of zinc (meth) acrylate or calcium (meth) acrylate It is also conceivable that the second connecting means at least partially

Polyisobutylene (PIB) and / or acrylic is and / or comprises. With such a structure, there is, inter alia, the advantage that a particularly shear-resistant structure can be achieved. By using a first, "hard" bonding agent such as an adhesive, a significantly higher rigidity of the composite element with less

Be used material.

In principle, one can say that the harder an adhesive is, the higher its shear modulus is. For example, calculations and tests were carried out with a two-component adhesive system (SikaFast-521 1) and found that, surprisingly, an approximately 10 times higher rigidity can be achieved in comparison to conventional constructions.

The stiffer the adhesive, the more shear-resistant the composite but also the tensions in the glass and bonding. High stresses can lead to glass and adhesive breakage. Tensions can be caused by the difference in the thermal expansion of the glass and the spacer, the weight of the glass, by traffic loads such as wind pressure, suction and operating forces.

It is therefore important, in particular, to choose the stiffness of the adhesive so that, with optimum bonding, still acceptable tensions in glass and

Adhesive are transferred. Important technical values are therefore

for example, the shear modulus of the adhesive, too

is temperature dependent. Furthermore, the coefficient of expansion between glass and spacer, temperature differences between

Slice production and use, wind loads depending on

Glass surfaces, self-weights depending on glass thicknesses and glass surfaces, voltages due to installation and use must be observed. By this type of structural glass bonding, for example, a particularly gentle Glazing can be achieved and it is possible to reduce the risk of glass breakage.

In addition, it is conceivable that the first and / or the second connection surface is at least partially formed as a recess, in particular as a recess is formed, which is such that it is set back relative to the third and / or fourth connection surface, in particular with respect to the Support surface is set back on the first and second disc element.

The depression may be, for example, a joint or a step-like depression. The lower the joint height, the more shear-resistant the composite becomes. However, as the joint height decreases, the stress in the adhesive and glass increases. The calculation is therefore not linear. The corner areas can be particularly critical because the highest voltages can occur there.

At the same time, the joint width has a joint width for the shear-resistant composite

comparatively minor role. With the sizing of

Joint width, the tension in the adhesive and glass can be controlled. In this case, the larger the area (resulting from the joint width and perimeter), the lower the tension in the glue joint and between the adhesive and the glass.

More rigidity of the composite element is particularly advantageous when e.g. When using the composite element as an insulating glass sheet a deflection or deflections may occur as a result of wind loads. For example, this can be done with split windows in the

Division or occur in facades in the non-held area. Here, for example, it may be necessary to statically back-up the central area, which has hitherto been the case according to the prior art by larger ones

Frame cross sections or additional stiffeners in the frame profile takes place. The design basis for the deflection must satisfy the condition <l / 200, where I is the length of the glass edge. With shear-bonded glass according to a construction according to the invention with a Composite element or an advantageous embodiment of this can be completely or partially waived the hitherto necessary additional stiffeners and / or frame cross-sections are reduced or made larger at the same frame cross-sections and stiffeners. This leads to sometimes considerable material savings and is at the same time visually attractive.

It should be noted that the larger the space between the panes, the stiffer the glass will be. The calculation is not linear, the distance is included in the calculation in the third power.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the profile element has a box-like base body relative to the cross-section. The main body may have its box-like shape relative to the cross-section e.g. form in that the main body has a substantially rectangular or square cross-section. It is also conceivable that the

The body is at least partially hollow in the interior and / or has a cavity and, for example, the cavity is at least partially permeable and / or perforated and further where, for example, the cavity is at least partially filled with a hygroscopic material. Furthermore, the cavity, at least at the

Glass gap opposite side, coated with a metal foil or the metal foil can be integrated into the matrix, which increases the water and gas diffusion tightness and thus the serviceability of the

Multi-pane insulating glass (MIG) extended.

In addition, it is possible for a first web and / or a second web to be formed on the base body, wherein at least one side wall of the first web at least partially forms the first connection surface and / or at least one side wall of the second web at least partially forms the first connection surface. Furthermore, it can be provided that the first disk element and the second disk element at least partially made of glass and the profile element at least partially made of glass fiber reinforced material, in particular at least partially made of glass fiber composite material, preferably at least partially made of glass fiber reinforced plastic. This results in the advantage that both the disc elements and the profile element have a substantially same coefficient of thermal expansion. This in turn has the advantage that stresses due to heat can be minimized.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to an insulating glass pane with the features of claim 10. Thereafter, it is provided that a

Insulating glass pane is provided with at least one composite element according to one of claims 1 to 9.

Moreover, the present invention relates to a profile element with the

Features of claim 1 1. Thereafter, it is provided that a profile element with the profile element features according to one of claims 1 to 9

is trained or is.

Moreover, the present invention relates to a window with the

Features of claim 12. Thereafter, it is provided that a window with at least one composite element according to one of claims 1 to 9 and / or at least one insulating glass pane according to claim 10 and / or at least one profile element according to claim 1 1 is provided.

In addition, the present invention relates to a door with the features of claim 13. Thereafter, it is provided that a door with at least one composite element according to one of claims 1 to 9 and / or with at least one insulating glass pane according to claim 10 and / or with at least one profile element according to Claim 1 1 is provided. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for producing a composite element with the features of claim 14. Thereafter, it is provided that for producing a composite element, in particular a composite element for an insulating glass, at least a first disc element and at least one second disc element and at least one first profile element be joined together, in particular by gluing together, wherein the profile element has at least a first connection surface and / or at least a second connection surface, wherein the first and / or the second connection surface for applying and / or receiving a first connector means and is provided, wherein adjacent to the first connection surface, a third connection surface for applying and / or receiving a second connection means and / or adjacent to the second connection surface a fourth connection surface for

Applisierung and / or recording of a second connecting means is provided and wherein the first disc element and the second disc element by means of the profile element and the first connecting means and / or the second connecting means are connected, wherein the composite element in particular has the features of one of claims 1 to 9. In addition, the present invention relates to a method for producing an insulating glass pane having the features of claim 15. Thereafter, it is provided that for producing an insulating glass pane wherein at least one composite element according to one of claims 1 to 9 or a composite element obtained by the method according to claim 14 is used.

Short description of the drawing

In the following, embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings.

It shows: Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a part of a

Insulating glass according to the invention in cross section.

Only the elements essential for the immediate understanding of the invention are shown.

Way to carry out the invention

FIG. 1 shows an insulating glass pane 100 with at least one

Composite element 10, which is formed by the disc elements 20 and 22 and the profile element 30.

The insulating glass pane 100 has in the one shown in FIG

Embodiment, a third disc member 24 and another

Profile element 30, which the third disc element 24 with the

Disc element 22 connects. The two profile elements 30 are identical in this embodiment. It is conceivable that the intermediate space between the disk elements 20, 22, 24 is filled with a gas. Such a gas may be, for example, argon.

The second and third disc elements 22, 24 together with the further interposed profile element form a further composite element 10 ', which is substantially identical to the first composite element 10 and which will now be described in detail below:

The composite element comprises the first disc element 20 and a second disc element 22 and the first profile element 30 or spacer 30. The profile element 30 has a first connection surface 32 and a second connection surface 33, wherein the first and the second connection surface 32, 33 for application and Receiving a first connector 40 are provided and procured. The first joining means 40 here is an adhesive having a hardness of about 90 Shore A. The adhesive is in the example shown a two-component adhesive system based on a so-called Acrylic Double Performance (ADP) polymer technology. The first component is, for example, a reactive monomer and the second component serves, for example, as an initiator. In this case, the polymerization can be mixed by means of a

Static mixer done. A commercially available example of such an adhesive is SikaFast-521 1. Calculations and experiments with the embodiment shown in Figure 1 and with two-component

Adhesive system (SikaFast-521 1) have shown that, surprisingly, an approximately 10 times higher rigidity can be achieved in comparison to conventional constructions.

The first and the second connection surface 32, 33 are formed as a recess, which is such that it is compared to the third and / or fourth connection surface 34, 35 with respect to the support surface on the first and second disc element 20, 22 reset.

The depression is here a gap or a step-like depression. The lower the joint height x, the more shear-resistant the composite becomes. However, with

Decrease in the joint height x increases the tension in the adhesive and glass. The calculation is therefore not linear. Particularly critical can the

Be corner areas, because there the highest voltages can occur.

At the same time, the joint width y has a shear-resistant composite

comparatively minor role. With the sizing of

Joint width y, the tension in the adhesive and glass can be controlled. Here, the larger the area (resulting from the joint width and circumference) the lower the stress in the glue joint and between the adhesive 40 and the glass of the disk element 20, 22.

Adjacent to the first connection surface 32, a third connection surface 34 for applying and / or receiving a second connection means 50 and adjacent to the second connection surface 33 is a fourth connection surface 35 to Applicating and / or receiving a second connecting means 50

intended.

The first disk element 20 and the second disk element 22 are connected by means of the profile element 30 and the first connecting means 40 and the second connecting means 50, here polyisobutylene (PIB).

The profile element 30 has a box-like base body 36 relative to the cross-section. In this case, the base body 36 is at least partially hollow in the interior and has a cavity 37. The cavity 37 is at least partially permeable and perforated and filled with a hygroscopic material. As a result, moisture can be absorbed.

A first web 38 and a second web 39 are integrally formed on the main body 35, wherein a side wall of the first web 38 at least partially forms the first connecting surface 32 and wherein a side wall of the second web 39 at least partially forms the second connecting surface 33.

The first disk element 20 and the second disk element 22 (and also the third disk element 24) are each at least partially made of glass and the profile element 30 is also made of glass fiber reinforced plastic.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10 composite element

10 'composite element

20 first disc element

22 second disc element

24 third disc element

30 profile element

32 first connection surface

33 second connecting surface 34 third connecting surface

35 fourth connecting surface

36 basic body

37 cavity

38 first footbridge

39 second footbridge

40 first connecting means 50 second connecting means 100 insulating glass pane x joint height

y joint width

Claims

claims

Composite element (10), in particular a composite element (10) for an insulating glass pane, at least comprising a first disk element (20) and at least one second disk element (22) and

at least one first profile element (30), wherein the profile element (30) has at least one first connection surface (32) and / or at least one second connection surface (33), wherein the first and / or the second connection surface (32, 33) for application and and / or receiving a first connecting means (40) is provided, wherein adjacent to the first connecting surface (32) has a third connecting surface (34) for applying and / or receiving a second connecting means (50) and / or adjacent to the second connecting surface (33) a fourth connecting surface (35) is provided for applying and / or receiving a second connecting means (50) and wherein the first

Disc element (20) and the second disc element (22) by means of the profile element (30) and the first connecting means (40) and / or the second connecting means (50) are connectable or connected.

Composite element (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first connecting means (40) has a hardness of about 60 Shore A or greater than or equal to 60 Shore A, in particular greater than or equal to about 70 Shore A, preferably greater than or equal to approx 90 Shore A has.

Composite element (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first connecting means (40) is an adhesive, in particular a silicone-based adhesive, in particular a silicone.

Composite element (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second connecting means (50)

at least partially polyisobutylene (PIB) and / or acrylic is and / or comprises. Composite element (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and / or the second

Connecting surface (32, 33) is at least partially formed as a recess, in particular as a recess is formed, which is such that it relative to the third and / or fourth

Connecting surface (34, 35) is reset, in particular with respect to the support surface on the first and second disc element (20, 22) is reset.

Composite element (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the profile element (30) has a box-like base body (36) relative to the cross-section.

Composite element (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that the base body (36) in the interior is at least partially hollow or has a cavity (37) and / or forming, for example, the cavity (37) at least partially permeable and / or perforated and further wherein, for example, the cavity (37) is at least partially filled with a hygroscopic material.

Composite element (10) according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that on the base body (36) a first web (38) and / or a second web (39) is integrally formed, wherein at least one side wall of the first web (38) at least partially forming the first connecting surface (32) and / or wherein at least one side wall of the second web (39) at least partially forms the second connecting surface (33).

Composite element (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first disc element (20) and the second disc element (22) at least partially made of glass and the profile element (30) at least partially made of glass fiber reinforced

Material, in particular at least partially Glass fiber composite material, preferably at least partially made of glass fiber reinforced plastic.

10. insulating glass pane (100) with at least one composite element (10) according to one of claims 1 to 9.

1 1. 12. A window with at least one composite element (10) according to one of claims 1 to 9 and / or with at least one insulating glass pane according to claim 10 and / or with at least one profile element (FIG. 30) according to claim 1 1. 13. Door with at least one composite element (10) according to one of

Claims 1 to 9 and / or with at least one insulating glass pane according to claim 10 and / or with at least one profile element (30) according to claim 1 1. 14. A method for producing a composite element (10), in particular a composite element (10) for an insulating glass pane, wherein at least a first disc element (20) and at least one second disc element (22) and at least one first profile element (30) are joined together, in particular by splice

be joined together, wherein the profile element (30) at least a first connecting surface (32) and / or at least a second

Connecting surface (33), wherein the first and / or the second connection surface (32, 33) for applying and / or receiving a first connecting means (40) is provided and arranged, wherein adjacent to the first connection surface (32) has a third connection surface

(34) for applying and / or receiving a second connecting means (50) and / or adjacent to the second connecting surface (33), a fourth connecting surface (35) for applying and / or receiving a second Connecting means (50) is provided and wherein the first

Disc element (20) and the second disc element (22) by means of the profile element (30) and the first connecting means (40) and / or the second connecting means (50) are connected, wherein the

Composite element (10) in particular the features of one of

Claims 1 to 9.

A method of producing an insulating glass pane (100) wherein at least one composite element according to any of claims 1 to 9 or a composite element (10) obtained by the method according to claim 14 is used.