EP2993531A1 - Procédé de mise en forme d'un spiral - Google Patents

Procédé de mise en forme d'un spiral Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2993531A1
EP2993531A1 EP14183962.1A EP14183962A EP2993531A1 EP 2993531 A1 EP2993531 A1 EP 2993531A1 EP 14183962 A EP14183962 A EP 14183962A EP 2993531 A1 EP2993531 A1 EP 2993531A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spring
temperature
range
curve
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP14183962.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2993531B1 (fr
Inventor
Dominique LAUPER
Andreas Albert
Xavier Weyder
Stephan Christ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Precision Engineering AG
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Precision Engineering AG
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Priority to EP14183962.1A priority Critical patent/EP2993531B1/fr
Publication of EP2993531A1 publication Critical patent/EP2993531A1/fr
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Publication of EP2993531B1 publication Critical patent/EP2993531B1/fr
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
    • G04B17/066—Manufacture of the spiral spring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
    • B21F35/00—Making springs from wire
    • B21F35/02—Bending or deforming ends of coil springs to special shape

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for forming a spring, in particular a spiral spring for a mechanical movement, according to the preamble of claim 1, a deformed by this method spring and a movement comprising such a spring.
  • the first temperature T 1 lies in the half-warm forming region of at least the material of the bending section.
  • the warm forging area joins the hot forming area on the cold side.
  • T 1 is therefore at least as high as the material-dependent restoration temperature.
  • a typical warm forging temperature T 1 , for common coil springs is, for example, 300 ° C to 500 ° C.
  • T 1 is therefore above the room temperature of 20 ° C and below the recrystallization temperature T RK of the material of the bending section.
  • T 1 is preferably above 100 ° C., the material is thus warmed, and / or T 1 , is in a range of 30% of the recrystallization temperature T RK in ° C of the material of the bending section up to this recrystallization temperature T RK in ° C, preferably in a range of 50% of this recrystallization temperature T RK in ° C up to 90% of this recrystallization temperature T RK in ° C.
  • An explanatory calculation example below: 50% of (T RK 1000 ° C) is: 500 ° C.
  • the temperature T 1 is 50% to 70%, in particular about 60% to 65% of T RK in ° C.
  • the "recrystallization temperature T RK" is a material-dependent temperature, is about 900 ° C to 1100 ° C for common spirals and can be determined, for example, by measuring the temperature dependence of the relative electrical resistance or the heat capacity.
  • T RK is 40% to 50% of the melting temperature of the material in ° C.
  • the half-warm forming of the bending portion is performed for introducing a predetermined waveform into the curved portion while the bending portion is maintained at the temperature T 1 .
  • the temperature T 1 is kept constant for 0.1 second to 100 seconds, preferably for 0.5 seconds to 30 seconds, in particular for 0.5 seconds to 5 seconds.
  • the warm forging causes no or less internal stresses and / or no or less undesirable magnetic properties in the deformed portion, i. the bending section, are introduced, as would be introduced by the cold forming and are eliminated in the prior art by downstream tempering.
  • a typical heating may occur within 1 second to 10 seconds, in particular within 2 seconds.
  • the energy supply for example the current supply, can be adapted accordingly. Cooling after heating can also be controlled, for example by reducing the energy supply in a controlled manner.
  • PE 4000 has the following percent mass distribution: 38% -40% nickel, 7% -8.5% chromium, ⁇ 1% beryllium, ⁇ 1% titanium, ⁇ 1% manganese, ⁇ 1% silicon, wherein a mass percentage of the parts of beryllium, titanium, manganese and silicon together is between 0% and 2%, and the balance is iron, T 1 is in the range of 300 ° C to 750 ° C, especially in the range from 550 ° C to 700 ° C or in the range of 550 ° C to 650 ° C, and preferably at 600 ° C to 620 ° C.
  • the spring or the curve portion or the bending portion in step ii) only during 0.1 second to 60 seconds, preferably only for 0.5 second to 10 seconds, preferably only for 0.5 seconds to 5 seconds and especially only for 0.5 seconds to 3 seconds or during Held for 1 to 2 seconds at the first temperature T 1 and then cooled.
  • T 1 is preferably, depending on the material and spring dimensions, chosen so high that the desired effects, in particular a reduction of introduced by the forming magnetic effects or a restoration or relaxation of the Material occurs within the selected time interval.
  • the restoration time at T 1 is advantageously so short that a minimum or no scale formation or precipitation of intermetallic particles occurs.
  • the material of the spring is too soft.
  • short times are also advantageous in that an efficient forming process is possible.
  • the material of the bending portion or the curve portion is a nickel-iron alloy and / or the first temperature T 1 in the range of 300 ° C to 750 ° C, preferably in the range of 450 ° C to 700 ° C, preferably in the range of 550 ° C to 650 ° C, more preferably in the range of 600 ° C to 620 ° C, and especially at 610 ° C.
  • the bending section or the curve section is therefore heated to the temperature T 1 before, during or after the movement step which brings the section from the starting position into the desired end position.
  • the moving step may be a forming step in the sense of warm forging or a deformation or deformation occurring at temperatures below T 1 , after or during which the bending section is heated until it reaches T 1 and then, after the movement, held there until the built-up internal stresses in the bent material have degraded and a permanent deformation is completed.
  • the temperature is kept stable by continued constant supply of energy. Heating may also be continued after warm forging to give the material even more time to relax. It is thus possible that the temperature is kept constant at T 1 during a period of 1 minute to 3 hours after the forming.
  • the temperature of the bending section after reaching T 1 is not stabilized, but that after reaching T 1 quickly makes the transformation, while the heated areas, for example, the spiral belt cool off by itself, but so that the Temperature during the forming is still so high that a warm forging takes place in the context of the present invention, thus resulting in a permanently deformed spring.
  • the invention is based on the finding that a waveform freed of undesired internal stresses and / or magnetic effects instead of two individual working steps (cold forming step and subsequent heat treatment step for relaxation of the material) by means of a half-warm forming or heating of the bending section to T 1 during the forming step in a spring, in particular in a raw spiral, is einformbar.
  • the forming step comprises the warm forging or the deformation taking place at a temperature below T 1 as a movement step and the subsequent heat treatment at the temperature T 1 .
  • the spring is a coil spring.
  • coil spring is meant a coil spring wound from a spiral spring, in particular a balance spring.
  • the coil spring may extend in one plane (e.g., flat spiral) or in a plurality of planes offset along the axis of the spiral (e.g., a Breguet coil or a cylindrical coil spring). It is, for example, usable as part of the oscillatory system of a mechanical movement. It is also conceivable that this method is used for the forming of other mechanical springs.
  • deformation is meant a production-related deformation of a workpiece, wherein by introducing a bending moment into the material portion to be formed in combination with a heating, a plastic and permanent deformation of this portion is produced.
  • hot working is meant forming of a portion of the workpiece, wherein the portion to be formed during the forming process is at a temperature above the recrystallization temperature of the material of that portion. Since the recrystallization is a thermally activated process which can be described by an Arrhenius equation, the decomposition of internal stresses takes place even below the critical temperature, the recrystallization temperature T RK .
  • the section to be reshaped can now be heated to the first temperature T 1 before the deformation.
  • the bending portion may be elastically deformed to assume the desired final shape and then heated to the first temperature T 1 .
  • Another possibility is that the movement into the final shape and the heating to T 1 are carried out in parallel, whereby the two processes do not necessarily have to take the same time.
  • Typical processing times of the warm forging or the deformation are 0.1 seconds to 100 seconds, in particular 0.5 seconds to 5 seconds.
  • Typical times the heating to T 1 be about 0.1 second to 100 seconds, more preferably about 2 seconds to 5 seconds. This depends on the cross section or the amount of material, the material composition and the corresponding energy input.
  • inventive deformation occur less magnetic and / or structural disturbances than in the cold forming, since the material already during and after the forming step, ie during cooling, recovered (or. restored). Moreover, lower forces are used for the inventive deformation than for the cold forming of the same material. Furthermore, with the method according to the invention, a more accurate deformation than in the case of hot deformation is possible because the material is less soft.
  • the curved section is preferably a section of the spiral spring, that is to say a part of the spiral belt, preferably an outer end curve of the spiral spring.
  • the curve portion is the portion which is moved by the deformation with respect to the spiral center.
  • the bending portion is the portion of the curved portion which is plastically deformed.
  • the bending section can extend over the entire curve section or make up only a part of the curve section. It is also possible for a plurality of identical or different bending sections to be arranged in the curved section.
  • the spring is a spiral spring and the curved portion is an end curve of the spiral spring.
  • a flat end curve can be formed in a flat coil spring.
  • a Breguet coil may also be formed by the bending section forming a transition of the spiral band from a plane of the coil spring to an axially offset plane. The curve section can therefore also have a vertical bend on.
  • the cooling step can be performed passively by allowing to cool to room temperature or actively by known heat dissipation techniques.
  • the spring is treated before step i) with a further heat treatment.
  • an Fe-Ni alloy for example, for about 60 minutes to 180 minutes, in particular for 120 minutes fixed at a fixing temperature which is higher than T 1 , preferably also higher than T RK and depending on the material, for example.
  • a fixing temperature which is higher than T 1 , preferably also higher than T RK and depending on the material, for example.
  • This fixation is preferably but not necessarily carried out under vacuum or protective atmosphere of, for example, argon and / or nitrogen at a pressure of less than 10 bar. In this way, any internal stresses which exist before the deformation of a curve section according to the invention are removed from the material structure.
  • the forming according to the present invention may, but need not under vacuum or protective atmosphere of, for example, argon and / or nitrogen at a pressure be made of less than 10 bar.
  • the bending section preferably the whole curve section or the entire spring
  • the curve portion may be equal to or less than two turns, and preferably between a quarter and a half turn, preferably an outer, in particular outermost, turn of the coil spring.
  • the latter can have at least one first and second gripping section. These gripping sections are then determined in each case.
  • these gripping portions are each introduced into a holding element, wherein at the half-warm deformation of at least one of the holding elements is moved to cause the deformation of the bending portion.
  • the determination of the gripping portions in the holding elements can take place by positive engagement or clamping. In principle, a determination along the spiral belt is not necessary, but can be realized by clamping by means of the holding elements.
  • the determination in the radial direction, ie away from the axis of the spiral can be accomplished by a positive connection, for example. By inserting into a slot or by clamping.
  • the holding elements preferably have a recess, in particular a slot or a through hole, for introducing the gripping sections.
  • a spatial position and a rotational position with respect to at least one, preferably all three each perpendicular to each other spatial axes can be controlled.
  • holding elements which are designed as pins. These pins can be suitable by heat conduction and / or for energization. These pins can be detected on a device causing the movement and have a free end with the slot or through-hole. It is also conceivable that a holding element is provided by a pin and another holding element by a tool.
  • the holding elements are electrically conductive and in electrical contact with the preferably electrically conductive spring. So can about the holding elements the energization takes place without additional contacts must be attached. In addition, it is ensured that the current is passed through the corresponding Bestromungsabsacrificing the spring. Moreover, the heating can preferably be generated directly by electrical or thermal conduction via these holding elements in the spiral band.
  • the movement of the at least one retaining element can be effected by changing a rotational position of the retaining element.
  • the movement may be characterized by a displacement of the retaining element in and / or parallel to a plane of the spring and / or to outside the plane of the spring.
  • two holding elements can thus be provided, with one or both holding elements being moved for deformation.
  • This movement may be a spatial displacement or rotation about any axis or a plurality of rotations about different axes.
  • the movement can also be a superposition of several such movements.
  • the provision of such holding elements is advantageous because the shape of the curve is thus formed by a movement step; it does not have to be made in two places temporally shifted a kink with a tool, as is done in the prior art, for example.
  • it is simply at least one of the holding elements moves so that the waveform introduced after completion of this movement is.
  • middle holding elements are provided electrically insulating and heat-insulating, so that no voltage or temperature drop due to the middle holding elements occurs.
  • the retaining elements may receive the respective gripping portion at a predefined rotational position relative to an axis transverse to the longitudinal extent of the gripping portion along the spring.
  • the gripping section can be received without additional bending of the spring.
  • the orientation of the substantially straight through-hole or slot is at an angle to the longitudinal course of the gripping portion and the spiral band must be bent into the through hole or the slot.
  • the heating to the first temperature T 1 is generated by electrical energization of the bending section, in particular of the curved section.
  • Alternative heating methods would be, for example, irradiation with electromagnetic radiation or a contact heat transfer.
  • the current flow generates the corresponding heating due to the material resistance.
  • the energization is done by means of direct or alternating current. DC is preferred.
  • the holding elements are electrically conductive, wherein an electrical voltage across at least one, preferably at least two of the holding elements is applied.
  • An amperage may be in the range of 0.001 ampere and 10 amperes, preferably in the range of 0.01 ampere to 1 ampere, and a voltage, preferably a dc voltage, in the range of 0.1 volt to 25 volts, in particular in the range of 1 volt to 10 volts.
  • the spring may have a substantially rectangular cross-section with a long side of 50 microns to 400 microns, especially 150 microns, and a short side of 10 microns to 60 microns, especially between 20 microns and 45 microns, or 30 microns.
  • the spring can have any desired cross section.
  • the deformation step of the hot forging or the deformation taking place at a temperature below T 1 can also be carried out by means of a molding tool with two pressing jaws movable relative to each other. These pressing jaws are complementary to each other. It may be that only one or both jaws are moved.
  • the jaws may be convex-concave and / or provided with recesses and projections.
  • the invention provides a spring, in particular a spiral spring or a clockwork with a spiral spring.
  • the present invention thus makes the formation of a desired curve shape into a curve section of a spring more efficient, since no subsequent tempering is necessary any more.
  • FIG. 1 shows a section of a spiral band consisting of a blade 10 which is bent to a coil spring 1. It is the undeformed, so lying in the starting position Blade 10a and the deformed, ie in the final position blade 10 to see. From now on, reference is made only to the blade 10, it is clear from the context whether this is the deformed or the undeformed.
  • the blade 10 has a rectangular cross-sectional shape with a long side of about 150 microns and a short side of about 20 microns to 45 microns, especially 30 microns.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plan view of the short side of the blade 10th
  • the undeformed blade 10 follows a convexly curved curve and is clamped between two pins 21, 22, which act as holding elements.
  • These pins 21, 22 each have a slot 210, 220.
  • the pins 21, 22 with the slots 210, 220 are dimensioned such that the undeformed blade 10 can be inserted into these slots 210, 220.
  • the pins 21, 22 have a circular cross section, wherein a radius of this circle is 3 to 20 times the length of the short side of the blade 10.
  • a depth of the slot 210, 220 in the direction of an axis of the respective pin 21 or 22 is 0.5 to 10 times the length of the long side of the blade 10.
  • a slot width can be between 2 to 5 times the short side of the Kline 10th be.
  • Other pin cross-sections (polygon, ellipse, ...) or slot dimensions may also be provided.
  • the slot 210, 220 should be dimensioned such that the blade 10 can be inserted into the slot 210, 220 and can be deformed according to the invention by moving at least one of the pins 21, 22.
  • the slots 210, 220 can easily clamp the blade 10.
  • a clamping spring or a clamping screw but preferably a clamping device with a clamping pliers or other clamping means may be provided (not shown).
  • Fig. 1 the orientation of the straight slots 210, 220, ie the rotational position of the pins 21, 22 with respect to the pin axis, is adapted tangentially to the curve of the undeformed blade 10 in initial length.
  • the slots 210, 220 thus run perpendicular to the axis of the pins 21, 22.
  • a deformation is now introduced into the curve section 100 between the two pins 21, 22 by bending sections of the curve section, ie the bending sections 1000, to change a pitch of the coil spring 1 sections or to guide the spiral belt to another offset with respect to an axis of the coil spring 1 level.
  • the blade 10 is first heated to a first temperature T 1 .
  • the temperature T is increased at least in the bending region 1000 of the curve portion 100 by current introduction into the electrically conductive coil spring 1.
  • an electrical voltage is applied across the curve section 100.
  • the pins 21, 22, which define and detect the curve portion 100 are electrically conductive, the voltage then being applied directly to the blade 10 via the pins 21, 22, followed by a current flowing due to the electrical resistance of the conductor the blade 10 is heated.
  • Local heating can also be generated by other conventional methods such as flame treatment or by contact heat.
  • the temperature T of the bending section 1000 is locally brought to the first temperature T 1 . It is particularly preferred if the blade 10 is heated in sections so strongly that it begins to glow brown-red. Preferably, the blade 10 is not heated above 500 ° C to 600 ° C so that it does not become too soft.
  • the curve shape is reduced by movement of at least one of the pins 21, 22 Fig. 1 by movement of the second pin 22 along the line of movement 6 in the direction of the arrow 5, molded.
  • the pin 22 depending on the desired shape, rotated and / or moved, whereby the blade 10 is transferred from the initial position to the desired end position.
  • the rotation is about 20 degrees counterclockwise.
  • the retaining elements already before clamping the spring are positioned so that they hold the spring in the desired end position, wherein the spring is then deformed during clamping. Thereafter, as described above, it is heated to T 1 .
  • the energized sections may, for example, have a length of 2 millimeters to 20 millimeters.
  • FIG. 2 are shown as holding elements two pins 23, 24, which differ in each case by the presence of a passage opening 230, 240 instead of a slot 210, 220 of the pins 21, 22.
  • a controlled movement in the direction of the axis of the pin 23, 24 is possible.
  • the gripping sections are better grasped.
  • Such a clamping with the pins 23, 24 thus makes it possible to form a vertical bend from the plane of the spiral spring 1 into a curved section 100.
  • the warm forging is achieved by moving the movable pin 24 in the direction of the arrow 5 from the plane of the coil spring 1. It can additionally be made a rotational movement (not shown). Again, it is so that preferably via the pins 23, 24, which are designed to be electrically conductive, perform the deformation and the recrystallization in one operation.
  • the warm forging after FIG. 2 can be used, for example, in the production of Breguet spirals.
  • FIG. 3 shows that the curve portion 100, which is delimited by the portion of the blade 10 between the two pins 21, 22, not only as a circle segment is deformable, but that by the corresponding rotational position of the slot 210, 220 of the pins 21, 22 another curve shape can be introduced into the coil spring 1.
  • a multiplicity of curve shapes can be introduced into the spirals, the position of the pin 21, 22 in the space and / or the axial rotational position of the pin 21, 22 being regulated.
  • FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the method, wherein only one pin 21 remains at rest and whose two pins 22, 25 are moved.
  • the rotational positions of the pins 22, 25 are controlled in moving the pins 22, 25 in the plane along the displacement paths 61, 62, 63 so that a desired waveform results from the warm forging.
  • it is a method of warm forging, that is, the blade 10 is in the forming at a temperature T 1 as described above.
  • FIG. 5 shows an alternative embodiment which does not require the use of pins 21-25.
  • the pins 21-25 can also be used here to better perform the warm forging.
  • the blade 10 is heated to the first temperature T 1 , in which case a mold 3 with a first pressing jaw 31 and a second pressing jaw 32 are used.
  • the pressing jaws 31, 32 have complementarily shaped, mutually associated first and second pressing surfaces 310 and 320, which after Fig. 5 are round.
  • the warm forging is effected.
  • the jaws 31, 32 may be correspondingly hot, or again a current is passed through the curve section 100.
  • For the introduction of electricity again pins or other contact elements can be used.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment of the inventive method, wherein the heated blade 10 is also inserted between two pressing jaws 33, 34 of a further mold 3.
  • the heated blade 10 is also inserted between two pressing jaws 33, 34 of a further mold 3.
  • the third pressing surface 330 has a recess 331; the fourth pressing surface 340 has a pressing protrusion 341 formed to engage the recess 331.
  • Short here means a length of up to half a turn or 0.5- to 5-fold, in particular about 2 times the short side of the cross section of the blade 10.
  • various adjoining sections of the blade 10 by various forms in one certain configuration can be brought so that desired effects on the stiffness of the blade 10 can be achieved.
  • FIG. 7 shows a further structure, which can be introduced by the pressing surfaces 350, 351 in a warm curve portion 100 of the coil 1.
  • the spiral spring 1 can therefore be produced in particular by forming the spiral band 10 into a spiral spring 1 and fixing it at 600 ° C. to 630 ° C. for about two hours in vacuo. Thereafter, a half-warm forming of the raw spiral spring 1 is performed, wherein at the half-warm forming at least the bending portion 100 to the first temperature T 1 , preferably at about 500 ° C, is heated.
  • the coil spring 1 can be elastically deformed so that it assumes a desired end position, whereupon the coil spring 1, that at least the bending portion is heated to T 1 1000 and so takes place forming. It is also conceivable that the movement of the spring is made from a starting position into the end position parallel to the heating to T 1 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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EP14183962.1A 2014-09-08 2014-09-08 Procédé de formation d'un ressort Active EP2993531B1 (fr)

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EP14183962.1A EP2993531B1 (fr) 2014-09-08 2014-09-08 Procédé de formation d'un ressort

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14183962.1A EP2993531B1 (fr) 2014-09-08 2014-09-08 Procédé de formation d'un ressort

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EP2993531A1 true EP2993531A1 (fr) 2016-03-09
EP2993531B1 EP2993531B1 (fr) 2021-03-31

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3422115A1 (fr) 2017-06-26 2019-01-02 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Ressort spiralé d'horlogerie
EP3422116A1 (fr) 2017-06-26 2019-01-02 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Ressort spiral d'horlogerie
EP3502785B1 (fr) * 2017-12-21 2020-08-12 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Ressort spiral pour mouvement d'horlogerie et son procédé de fabrication
EP3502288B1 (fr) * 2017-12-21 2020-10-14 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Procédé de fabrication d'un ressort spiral pour mouvement d'horlogerie

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0911707A1 (fr) 1997-10-22 1999-04-28 Eta SA Fabriques d'Ebauches Procédé de fabrication d'un spiral de balancier pour mouvement d'horlogerie et spiral notamment obtenu selon ce procédé
US5907524A (en) * 1997-10-21 1999-05-25 Eta Sa Fabriques D'ebauches Method for manufacturing a balance-spring obtained according to said method
CH706233A2 (fr) * 2012-03-06 2013-09-13 Concepto Holding Sa Procédé de fabrication d'un ressort spiral pour balancier de mouvement d'horlogerie.

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5907524A (en) * 1997-10-21 1999-05-25 Eta Sa Fabriques D'ebauches Method for manufacturing a balance-spring obtained according to said method
EP0911707A1 (fr) 1997-10-22 1999-04-28 Eta SA Fabriques d'Ebauches Procédé de fabrication d'un spiral de balancier pour mouvement d'horlogerie et spiral notamment obtenu selon ce procédé
CH706233A2 (fr) * 2012-03-06 2013-09-13 Concepto Holding Sa Procédé de fabrication d'un ressort spiral pour balancier de mouvement d'horlogerie.

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3422115A1 (fr) 2017-06-26 2019-01-02 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Ressort spiralé d'horlogerie
EP3422116A1 (fr) 2017-06-26 2019-01-02 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Ressort spiral d'horlogerie
EP3422116B1 (fr) 2017-06-26 2020-11-04 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Ressort spiral d'horlogerie
EP3422115B1 (fr) * 2017-06-26 2021-08-04 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Ressort spiralé d'horlogerie
EP3502785B1 (fr) * 2017-12-21 2020-08-12 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Ressort spiral pour mouvement d'horlogerie et son procédé de fabrication
EP3502288B1 (fr) * 2017-12-21 2020-10-14 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Procédé de fabrication d'un ressort spiral pour mouvement d'horlogerie

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