EP2990371B1 - Machine de levage - Google Patents

Machine de levage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2990371B1
EP2990371B1 EP15180208.9A EP15180208A EP2990371B1 EP 2990371 B1 EP2990371 B1 EP 2990371B1 EP 15180208 A EP15180208 A EP 15180208A EP 2990371 B1 EP2990371 B1 EP 2990371B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pump
actuating devices
lifting machine
unit
hydraulic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP15180208.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2990371A1 (fr
Inventor
Giovanni MARTI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ruthmann Italia Srl
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Ruthmann Italia Srl
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2990371A1 publication Critical patent/EP2990371A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/36—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes
    • B66C23/40—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes with a single prime mover for both crane and vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F11/00—Lifting devices specially adapted for particular uses not otherwise provided for
    • B66F11/04—Lifting devices specially adapted for particular uses not otherwise provided for for movable platforms or cabins, e.g. on vehicles, permitting workmen to place themselves in any desired position for carrying out required operations
    • B66F11/044—Working platforms suspended from booms
    • B66F11/046—Working platforms suspended from booms of the telescoping type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/20—Means for actuating or controlling masts, platforms, or forks
    • B66F9/22—Hydraulic devices or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
    • F15B2211/20507—Type of prime mover
    • F15B2211/20515—Electric motor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
    • F15B2211/20507—Type of prime mover
    • F15B2211/20523—Internal combustion engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
    • F15B2211/20576—Systems with pumps with multiple pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/30—Directional control
    • F15B2211/305—Directional control characterised by the type of valves
    • F15B2211/3056—Assemblies of multiple valves
    • F15B2211/3059—Assemblies of multiple valves having multiple valves for multiple output members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/71—Multiple output members, e.g. multiple hydraulic motors or cylinders
    • F15B2211/7142—Multiple output members, e.g. multiple hydraulic motors or cylinders the output members being arranged in multiple groups

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a lifting machine, in particular of the hydraulic type, preferably an aerial platform.
  • This invention is applied in particular to the sector of operating machines, in particular in the production of small size aerial platforms and equipped with at least an electricity power supply.
  • both the embodiments are necessary to feed the hydraulic system, that is, the pumps which control them, both during the step for moving forward the platform, to move the tracks/wheels, and during the operating step, for lifting and moving the arms.
  • the two above-mentioned applications are diametrically opposite each other from the point of operation of the pumps, since they require a greater flow rate of oil, with limited pressure head, to move the tracks and a reduced flow rate of oil, with a high pressure head, for moving the arms.
  • lithium batteries are expensive and are not widely used and of interest on all the markets.
  • aerial platforms have been placed on the market wherein the only pump is associated with a flow diverter which is able to divide the flows, discharging excess operating fluid during the lower flow rate phases.
  • a lifting machine comprising a main frame, rolling elements rotatably associated with the frame for moving it along the ground, one arm rotatably associated with the frame and comprising at a free end an operating element, a plurality of actuating devices associated with said arm for moving them fed by respective pumps through an hydraulic circuit, wherein a selecting unit is switchable selectively coupling the pumps with one or the other actuating device.
  • the two pumps each feed a track members and a part of the movements of the arms/stabilisers.
  • the aim of this invention is to provide a lifting machine, in particular of the hydraulic type, which overcomes the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art.
  • the aim of this invention is to provide a lifting machine, in particular of the hydraulic type, which is able to optimise the speed of movement of the arms also during the use of an electrical power supply. More precisely, the aim of this invention is to provide a lifting machine, in particular of the hydraulic type, which has high performance levels and limited costs.
  • a lifting machine with the features according to one or more of the subsequent claims, and in particular comprising a main frame, at least a first and a second rolling element rotatably associated with the frame for moving it along the ground or a supporting surface, at least one arm telescopically and/or rotatably associated with the frame, comprising at a free end an operating element, first and second hydraulic actuating devices associated respectively with the rolling elements and the arm to move them, at least a first and a second hydraulic pump respectively associated with the first and the second actuating devices for feeding them with an operating fluid, a hydraulic circuit designed to put in fluid communication the pumps and the first and second actuating devices and comprising a selecting unit switchable between a first configuration in which it puts the pumps in fluid communication with first actuating devices and a second configuration in which it puts at least the first pump in fluid communication with the second actuating devices and at least an electric motor associated with the pumps for operating them.
  • the machine comprises a control unit associated with said selecting unit and designed to control it, when said selecting unit is in said second configuration, in such a way as to also put said second pump in fluid communication with the second actuating devices and to vary the flow rate of operating fluid from the second pump to the second actuating devices depending on a trend of the pressure of the operating fluid in the first pump.
  • control unit is designed to vary the flow rate of operating fluid from the second pump to the second actuating devices in inverse proportion to a trend of the pressure of the operating fluid in the first pump.
  • control unit drives the selecting unit in such a way as to increase the capacity and therefore the speed of movements of the arms.
  • the power available is used to the maximum extent in an almost constant manner.
  • the machine preferably comprises at least one pressure sensor associated with the first pump, set up to detect a parameter representative of the pressure at the first pump and designed to send to the control unit a signal representative of the parameter detected.
  • the pressure sensor is located at the first pump, or in any case in a zone of the hydraulic circuit whose pressure is correlated with that present at the first pump.
  • the pump of the other branch is controlled, simplifying the adjustment of the movements, but at the same time making them fast and ready.
  • the machine is equipped pressure detecting element located at the second actuating devices and set up to detect a pressure value of the operating fluid at the second actuating devices.
  • the control unit is associated with the detector element and configured to stop the first and/or the second pump when the pressure value measured by the detector element exceeds a predetermined threshold value.
  • control unit in order to prevent a sudden rise of the pressure value at an end stop of the arm from causing an increase in the flow rate supplied from the second pump, the control unit is programmed for detecting (that is, recognising) when a preset pressure value (or pressure increase), or threshold value, is exceeded, stopping the pumps (at least one of the two, preferably the second).
  • the numeral 1 denotes a lifting machine, in particular of the hydraulic type, according to this invention.
  • the lifting machine 1 is an aerial platform, that is, a device designed to lift persons or objects using a cage "C" located at an end of a telescopic arm.
  • this invention is applicable to any operating machine equipped with a hydraulic arm and movement means.
  • the machine 1 comprises at least a frame 2, or base structure, to which are connected movement means 3, 4 and at least one rotatable and/or telescopic arm 5.
  • the movement means 3, 4 are preferably of the rolling type.
  • the movement means 3, 4 are defined by at least a first rolling element 3 and a second rolling element 4 which are rotatably associated with the frame 2 for moving it along the ground or a supporting surface "G".
  • the rolling elements 3, 4 can be defined by wheels or tracks.
  • the first 3 and the second rolling element 4 are defined by a first 3a and a second track 4a, parallel to each other and located on opposite sides of the frame 2.
  • the arm 5 is, as mentioned, telescopically and/or rotatably associated with the frame 2, comprising at a free end 5a an operating element 7.
  • the operating element 7 is a cage "C" designed to receive an operator.
  • operating element 7 may refer to any element located at the free end 5a of the arm 5 and designed to have an operating function, such as for example a blade, lifting forks, a pneumatic punch or the like.
  • the arm 5 comprises a plurality of elements 6a, 6b, 6c which are movable relative to one another by translating and/or rotating.
  • the arm 5 comprises at least a first element 6a rotatably coupled to the frame 2 and at least a second element 6b telescopically associated with the first element 6a.
  • a third element 6c defining a further arm which is pivoted to the first 6a or to the second element 6b to allow a scissor type opening designed to allow the lifting of the operating element 7.
  • auxiliary elements 31 may be associated with the arm 5, to perform some "precision" movements, such as the rotation of the operating element 7 or the like.
  • auxiliary elements examples include tower rotation, jib, cage rotation.
  • auxiliary elements which are slidable or rotatable, designed to maximise the versatility of movement of the operating element 7.
  • the arm 5, and in particular the elements 6a, 6b, 6c, 31, as well as the rolling elements 3, 4 are powered hydraulically at least by respective first 8 and second hydraulic actuating devices 9.
  • the first actuating devices 8 are operatively associated with the rolling elements 3, 4 for moving them.
  • the second actuating devices 9 are operatively associated with the arm 5, that is, the elements 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, for operating them.
  • the auxiliary elements 31, if present, are moved by third hydraulic actuating devices 32.
  • actuating devices are defined by hydraulic, linear or rotary actuators.
  • the actuating devices are preferably defined by hydraulic and/or hydraulic cylinder motors.
  • the first actuating devices 8, associated with the rolling elements 3, 4, are defined by at least a pair of hydraulic motors 8a, 8b. More specifically, the first actuating devices 8 comprise a first hydraulic motor 8a associated with the first rolling element 3 and a second hydraulic motor 8b associated with the second rolling element 4.
  • the second actuating devices 9, associated with the arm 5, comprise at least one hydraulic cylinder 9a, but preferably they are equipped with one or more hydraulic motors 9b (according to the number of elements and the movements required).
  • the third actuating devices 32 comprise at least a cylinder 32a and/or a hydraulic motor 32b.
  • the machine 1 For feeding the actuator devices 8, 9, the machine 1 comprises a plurality of hydraulic pumps 10, 11, 12, 13 associated to a water circuit 14.
  • the circuit hydraulic 14 is designed to put in fluid communication the pumps 10, 11, 12, 13 and the first 8 and the second actuating devices 9 (as well as the third 32, if present).
  • the pumps are of the fixed flow rate gear type.
  • the machine 1 For operating the above-mentioned pumps 10, 11, 12, 13, and the respective actuating devices 8, 9, 32, the machine 1 comprises motor means associated with them.
  • the machine comprises two types of motor means; electric and internal combustion.
  • At least a part of the plurality of pumps 10, 11 is driven by at least an electric motor 15.
  • the electric motor 15 is a single-phase motor, preferably with the following specifications:
  • the motor might have a voltage of 110 V and a frequency of 60 Hz.
  • the machine 1 preferably comprises at least an internal combustion engine 16, also associated with at least a part of the pumps 12, 13 for operating them.
  • the internal combustion engine 16 is preferably of the single-cylinder type with air or water cooling, and with an output preferably less than or equal to 15 HP.
  • the electric motor 15 and the internal combustion engine 16 are configured to operate in parallel, that is, alternatively, according to a command issued by an operator.
  • the internal combustion engine 16 is used in outdoor conditions and the electric motor 15 in used in indoor conditions.
  • each type of motor (electrical 15 or internal combustion 16) is connected to one or more dedicated pumps 10, 11, 12, 13.
  • the plurality of pumps comprises at least a first pump 10 and a second pump 11 associated with the electric motor 15. Moreover, there are a third 12 and a fourth pump 13 associated with the internal combustion engine 16.
  • the first 10 and the third pump 12 are connected to each other in parallel and can be operated respectively by the electric motor 15 and by the internal combustion engine 16 as a function of the configuration set by the operator.
  • the second 11 and the fourth pump 13 are also connected to each other in parallel and can be operated respectively by the electric motor 15 and by the internal combustion engine 16 as a function of the configuration set by the operator.
  • the first 10 and the second pump 11 feed the hydraulic circuit 14 (and thus the first 8 and second actuating devices 9).
  • the third 12 and the fourth pump 13 feed the hydraulic circuit 14 (and thus the first 8 and second actuating devices 9).
  • the hydraulic circuit 14 comprises a selecting unit 17 switchable between a first configuration in which it puts the pumps (in particular the first pump 10 and the second pump 11) in fluid communication with first actuating devices 8 and a second configuration in which it puts at least the first pump 10 (and the third pump 12) in fluid communication with the second actuating devices 9.
  • the selecting unit 17 is configured for diverting the flow of operating fluid (oil) from one actuator unit to another according to a command issued by the operator.
  • the machine 1 comprises a control unit 18 associated with the selecting unit 17 and configured for switching it at least between the first and second configuration.
  • the control unit 18 when the selecting unit 17 is in the second configuration, the control unit 18 is configured (that is, programmed) in such a way as to also put the second pump 11 (and the fourth pump 13) in fluid communication with the second actuating devices 9 and to vary the flow rate of operating fluid from the second pump 11 (and from the fourth pump 13) to the second actuating devices 9 depending on a trend of the pressure of the operating fluid in the first pump 10 (and in the third pump 12).
  • the machine 1 is able to optimise the relative operation both in the first configuration of the selecting unit 17, that is to say, in the configuration for forward movement of the machine 1, and in the second configuration of the selecting unit 17, that is to say, in the lifting configuration of the machine.
  • the machine 1 is able to perform in a fast and efficient manner both the initial transient movement of the arms (where a very high pressure is required) and the steady state movements (when the required pressure drops considerably with an increase in the flow rate).
  • the control unit 18 is designed to vary the flow rate of operating fluid from the second pump 11 to the second actuating devices 9 in inverse proportion to a trend of the pressure of the operating fluid in the first pump 10.
  • the control unit 18 drives the selecting unit in such a way as to reduce (until cancelling) the contribution (in terms of flow rate) of the second pump 11.
  • control unit 18 drives the selecting unit in such a way as to increase the contribution (in terms of flow rate) of the second pump 11.
  • the machine 1 (and in particular the selecting unit 17) comprises at least one pressure sensor 19 associated with the first pump 10 and set up to detect a parameter representing the pressure at the first pump 10.
  • the pressure sensor 19 is located at the first pump 10 or a half-part of the hydraulic circuit 14 in fluid communication with the first pump 10.
  • This pressure sensor 19 is configured to send to the control unit 18 a signal representing the parameter measured.
  • control unit 18 designed to receive the signal and configured to drive the selecting unit 17 as a function of it.
  • the selecting unit 17 comprises at least an adjusting unit 20 interposed between the second pump 11 and the first actuating devices 8 and second actuating devices 9.
  • the adjusting unit 20 is operatively associated with the control unit 18 and designed to vary the flow rate of the operating fluid from the second pump 11 to the first actuating devices 8 and/or second actuating devices 9 depending on a control signal sent by said control unit 18.
  • the adjusting unit 20 is defined by a proportional valve (or solenoid valve) which is able to proportionally vary the flow rate of operating fluid passing through it.
  • a proportional valve or solenoid valve
  • control signal is correlated with the signal received from the pressure sensor 19.
  • the control unit 18 is in effect operatively associated the adjustment unit 20 and with the pressure sensor 19.
  • control unit 18 is designed to send to the adjusting unit 20 a signal correlated with a variation in flow rate in inverse proportion to a corresponding variation in pressure detected by the pressure sensor 19 (at the first pump 10).
  • the selecting unit 17 comprises a further adjusting unit 21 operatively associated with the control unit 18 and designed to vary the flow rate of the operating fluid from the second pump 11 to the first actuating devices 8 and/or second actuating devices 9 depending on a control signal sent by the control unit 18.
  • the further adjustment unit 21 is also preferably defined by a proportional valve (or solenoid valve).
  • the hydraulic circuit 14 comprises at least a first half-part 22 and a second half-part 23 at least partly (hydraulically) parallel with each other.
  • the first half-part 22 connects the first pump 10 with the first actuating devices 8 and/or the second actuating devices 9.
  • the second half-part 23 connects the second pump 11 with the first actuating devices 8 and/or with the second actuating devices 9.
  • Both half-parts 22, 23, following separate paths, are designed to place in communication the respective pump with the respective actuators.
  • the first half-part 22 puts in communication the first pump 10 with the first motor 8a and/or with the second actuating devices 9, whilst the second half-part 23 puts in communication the second pump 11 with the second motor and/or with the second actuating devices 9.
  • the adjusting unit 20 of the selecting unit 17 is associated with the second half-part 23 and the further adjusting unit 21 is associated with the first half-part 22 of the hydraulic circuit 14.
  • each first half-part 22 or second half-part 23 of the hydraulic circuit 14 comprises at least one fork 24, 25 formed by a first stretch 24a, 25a, putting in communication the respective pump 10, 11 and the first actuating devices 8, and a second stretch 24b, 25b which puts in communication the first actuating devices 8, and a second stretch 24b, 25b which puts in communication the respective pump 10, 11 with the second actuating devices 9.
  • selecting unit 17 is located at the forks 24, 25.
  • the selecting unit 17 comprises at least a first diverter unit 27 and a second diverter unit 28 respectively associated with the first half-part 22 and the second half-part 23 of the hydraulic circuit 14, at the forks 24,25.
  • Each first diverter unit 27 or second diverter unit 28 is operatively associated with the control unit 18 and is selectively switchable between an advancing configuration, in which it puts in fluid communication the respective pump 10, 11 with the first stretch 24a, 25a of the respective half-part 22, 23, and a lifting configuration in which it puts in fluid communication the respective pump 10, 11 and the second stretch 24b, 25b of the respective half-part 22, 23.
  • the forward movement and lifting configurations of the diverter units 27, 28 correspond, respectively, to the first and the second configuration of the selecting unit 17.
  • control unit 18 is operatively associated with the first diverter unit 27 and second diverter unit 28 and is designed to switch them from the advancing configuration to the lifting configuration depending on a command issued by an operator (using a control panel, for example with levers, or a pushbutton panel).
  • each diverter unit 27, 28 is defined by a diverting valve with at least two paths.
  • the selecting unit 17 comprises at least one communication valve 26 operatively interposed between the second stretches 24b, 25b of the first half-part 22 and the second half-part 23 (and in particular of the half-parts 24, 25) of the hydraulic circuit 14.
  • the communication valve 26 is operatively associated with the control unit 18 for being controlled between a locked configuration, in which it prevents communication between the second stretches 24b, 25b at least in one direction, and a released configuration, in which it allows communication between the second stretches 24b, 25b at least in that direction.
  • the communication valve 26 is designed to prevent the second pump 11 from contributing when it is in the locked configuration, whilst it allows the flow rate in the second pump 11 supporting the first pump 10 when the pressure sensor 19 communicates to the control unit 18 an increase in the pressure.
  • the hydraulic circuit 14 is equipped with as many feed valves 29 as there are second actuating devices 9.
  • feed valves 29 are preferably switchable between at least three configurations, and in particular:
  • the second stretch 24b, 25b of the two half-parts 22, 23 is placed in fluid connection (or not) with each second actuating device 9a as a function of the configuration of the feeding valves 29 (preferably defined by 3-way valves).
  • the machine is equipped with third actuating devices 32, which are also associated with the arm 5, in particular with the auxiliary elements 31 (which require a limited force for moving them).
  • the third actuating devices 32 are also associated with respective feed valves 33, which are the same as those of the second actuating devices 9.
  • the third actuating devices 32 that is, their feed valves 33, are put in fluid connection with the second stretch 25b of the fork 25 of the second half-part 23.
  • the third actuating devices 32 are configured to be fed and moved only with the contribution of the second pump 11.
  • the feed valves 29, 33 are all grouped in a box 30 (or box-shaped body), in order to render the distribution of the fluids more compact and ordered.
  • the second stretch 25b of the fork 25 of the second half-part 23 is, on the other hand, positioned in fluid communication with these feed valves 29 of the second actuating devices 9 only when the communication valve 26 is in the released configuration.
  • the second stretch 25b of the fork 25 of the second half-part 23 is put in fluid communication with all the valves of feeding 33 of the third actuating devices 32.
  • the machine comprises a pressure detecting element 34 (or further pressure sensor) located at the second actuating devices 9 and set up to detect a pressure value of the operating fluid at the second actuating devices 9.
  • a pressure detecting element 34 or further pressure sensor located at the second actuating devices 9 and set up to detect a pressure value of the operating fluid at the second actuating devices 9.
  • the control unit 18 is also associated with the detector element 34 and configured to stop the first 10 and/or the second pump 11 when the pressure value measured by the detector element 34 exceeds a predetermined threshold value.
  • this detection element 34 allows the control unit 18 to identify the reaching, by the second actuating devices 9, of a limit position, preventing a stalling of the motors and/or of the pumps of the system.
  • the machine 1 also comprises a stabilising device 35 associated with the frame 2 and comprising a plurality of hydraulic actuators 36 associated with the second half-part 23 of the hydraulic circuit 14.
  • the hydraulic actuators 36 of the stabilising device 35 are associated with the second stretch 25b of the second half-part 23 of the hydraulic circuit 14 and are operatively interposed between the fork 25 and the second actuating devices 9.
  • the stabilising device 35 preferably constitutes a plurality of hydraulic cylinders (at least four) which can be extended independently to allow a complete support of the frame on the ground irrespective of the conditions or the angle of it.
  • the invention achieves the preset aims and provides major advantages.
  • the presence of devices for detecting the limit stops prevents the overloading, that is, the stalling of the motors, guaranteeing the complete reliability of the system.
  • the structure equipped with a single control unit and a pressure sensor makes it possible to obtain excellent performance levels (99% use of the motor performance) with a minimum complication of existing systems.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Machine de levage, comprenant :
    - un châssis principal (2) ;
    - des moyens de déplacement (3, 4) associés au châssis (2) pour le déplacer le long
    du sol ou une surface de support (G) ;
    - au moins un bras (5), associé de façon télescopique et/ou rotative au châssis (2), comprenant à une extrémité libre (5a) un élément fonctionnel (7) ;
    - des premiers dispositifs d'actionnement hydrauliques (8) et des seconds dispositifs d'actionnement hydrauliques (9) associés, respectivement, aux moyens de déplacement (3, 4) et au dit au moins un bras (5) pour les déplacer ;
    - au moins une première pompe hydraulique (10) et une seconde pompe hydraulique (11) associées, respectivement, aux premiers dispositifs d'actionnement (8) et aux seconds dispositifs d'actionnement (9) pour les alimenter avec un fluide de commande ;
    - un circuit hydraulique (14) conçu pour mettre en communication fluidique lesdites pompes (10, 11) et lesdits premiers dispositifs d'actionnement (8) et seconds dispositifs d'actionnement (9) et comprenant une unité de sélection (17) pouvant passer d'une première configuration dans laquelle elle met lesdites pompes (10, 11) en communication fluidique avec les premiers dispositifs d'actionnement (8) et une seconde configuration dans laquelle elle met au moins ladite première pompe (10) en communication fluidique avec les seconds dispositifs d'actionnement (9) ;
    - au moins un moteur électrique (15) associé auxdites pompes (10, 11) pour les faire fonctionner ; caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend une unité de commande (18) associée à ladite unité de sélection (17) et conçue pour la commander lorsque ladite unité de sélection (17) se trouve dans ladite seconde configuration, de manière à mettre aussi ladite seconde pompe (11) en communication fluidique avec les seconds dispositifs d'actionnement (9) et pour modifier le débit du fluide de commande de la seconde pompe (11) aux seconds dispositifs d'actionnement (9) selon une tendance de la pression du fluide de commande dans la première pompe (10).
  2. Machine de levage selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'unité de commande (18) est conçue pour modifier le débit du fluide de commande de la seconde pompe (11) aux seconds dispositifs d'actionnement (9) dans une proportion inverse à une tendance de la pression du fluide de commande dans la première pompe (10).
  3. Machine de levage selon les revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend au moins un capteur de pression (19), associé à ladite première pompe (10), réglé pour détecter un paramètre représentatif de la pression en correspondance de ladite première pompe (10) et conçu pour envoyer à l'unité de commande (18) un signal représentatif dudit paramètre détecté.
  4. Machine de levage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que ladite unité de sélection (17) comprend au moins une unité de réglage (20) :
    - interposée entre ladite seconde pompe (11) et les premiers dispositifs d'actionnement (8) et les seconds dispositifs d'actionnement (9),
    - associée fonctionnellement à ladite unité de commande (18) et
    - conçue pour modifier le débit du fluide de commande de la seconde pompe (11) aux premiers dispositifs d'actionnement (8) et/ou aux seconds dispositifs d'actionnement (9) selon un signal de commande envoyé par ladite unité de commande (18).
  5. Machine de levage selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que ladite unité de commande (18) est fonctionnellement associée à ladite unité de réglage (20) et au dit capteur de pression (19) ; ladite unité de commande (18) étant conçue pour envoyer à ladite unité de réglage (20) un signal corrélé à une variation en débit dans une proportion inverse à une variation correspondante de pression détectée par ledit capteur de pression (19).
  6. Machine de levage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que ledit circuit hydraulique (14) comprend au moins une première moitié (22) reliant ladite première pompe (10) aux premiers dispositifs d'actionnement (8) et/ou aux seconds dispositifs d'actionnement (9), et une seconde moitié (23) reliant ladite seconde pompe (11) aux premiers dispositifs d'actionnement (8) et/ou aux seconds dispositifs d'actionnement (9).
  7. Machine de levage selon les revendications 4 et 6, caractérisée en ce que l'unité de réglage (20) de l'unité de sélection (17) est associée à la seconde moitié (23) du circuit hydraulique (14) et ladite unité de sélection (17) comprend au moins une unité de réglage (21) supplémentaire associée à la première moitié (22) du circuit hydraulique (14).
  8. Machine de levage selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisée en ce que chaque première moitié (22) ou seconde moitié (23) du circuit hydraulique (14) comprend au moins une fourche (24, 25) formée par une première portion (24a, 25a), mettant en communication la pompe respective (10, 11) et les premiers dispositifs d'actionnement (8), et une seconde portion (24b, 25b) mettant en communication la pompe respective (10, 11) et les seconds dispositifs d'actionnement (9) ; ladite unité de sélection (17) étant positionnée en correspondance desdites fourches (24, 25).
  9. Machine de levage selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que ladite unité de sélection (17) comprend au moins une valve de communication (26) fonctionnellement interposée entre les secondes portions (24b, 25b) de la première moitié (22) et de la seconde moitié (23) du circuit hydraulique (14) ; ladite valve de communication (26) étant fonctionnellement associée à l'unité de commande (18) pour être commandée entre une configuration de verrouillage, dans laquelle elle empêche toute communication entre lesdites secondes portions (24b, 25b) au moins dans une direction, et une configuration de relâchement, dans laquelle elle permet la communication entre lesdites secondes portions (24b, 25b) au moins dans ladite direction.
  10. Machine de levage selon l'une quelconque des revendications de 6 à 9, caractérisée en ce que ladite unité de sélection (17) comprend au moins une première unité de déviation (27) et une seconde unité de déviation (28) associées respectivement à la première moitié (22) et à la seconde moitié (23) du circuit hydraulique (14), en correspondance desdites fourches (24, 25) ; chaque première unité de déviation (27) ou seconde unité de déviation (28) étant fonctionnellement associée à ladite unité de commande (18) et pouvant, de façon sélective, commuter entre une configuration de progression, dans laquelle elle met en communication fluidique la pompe respective (10, 11) et la première portion (24a, 25a) de la moitié respective (22, 23), et une configuration de levage dans laquelle elle met en communication fluidique la pompe respective (10, 11) et la seconde portion (24b, 25b) de la moitié respective (22, 23).
  11. Machine de levage selon la revendication 10, caractérisée en ce que ladite unité de commande (18) est fonctionnellement associée auxdites première unité de déviation (27) et seconde unité de déviation (28) et est conçue pour les faire commuter de la configuration de progression à la configuration de levage selon une commande émise par un opérateur.
  12. Machine de levage selon l'une quelconque des revendications de 6 à 11, caractérisée en ce que lesdits premiers dispositifs d'actionnement (8) comprennent au moins un premier moteur hydraulique (8a) et un second moteur hydraulique (8b) associés respectivement au premier élément roulant (3) et au second élément roulant (4) ; ladite première moitié (22) du circuit hydraulique (14) étant façonnée pour mettre en communication fluidique ladite première pompe (10) et le premier moteur hydraulique (8a) et ladite seconde moitié (23) du circuit hydraulique (14) étant façonnée pour mettre en communication fluidique ladite seconde pompe (11) et le second moteur hydraulique (8b).
  13. Machine de levage selon l'une quelconque des revendications de 6 à 12, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend au moins un dispositif de stabilisation (35) associé au châssis (2) et comprenant une pluralité d'actionneurs hydrauliques (36) associés à la seconde moitié (23) du circuit hydraulique (14).
  14. Machine de levage selon la revendication 13, caractérisée en ce que lesdits actionneurs hydrauliques (36) du dispositif de stabilisation (35) sont associés à la seconde portion (25b) de la seconde moitié (23) du circuit hydraulique (14) et sont fonctionnellement interposés entre la fourche (25) et les seconds dispositifs d'actionnement (9).
  15. Machine de levage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un élément de détection de pression (34) situé en correspondance des seconds dispositifs d'actionnement (9) et réglé pour détecter une valeur de pression du fluide de commande en correspondance desdits seconds dispositifs d'actionnement (9) ; ladite unité de commande (18) étant associée au dit élément de détection (34) et conçue pour arrêter ladite première pompe (10) et/ou ladite seconde pompe (11) lorsque ladite valeur de pression détectée par l'élément de détection (34) excède une valeur seuil prédéterminée.
EP15180208.9A 2014-08-26 2015-08-07 Machine de levage Not-in-force EP2990371B1 (fr)

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ITBO20140465 2014-08-26

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ITUB20155900A1 (it) * 2015-11-25 2017-05-25 Magni Telescopic Handlers S R L Piattaforma aerea semovente
CN106371146A (zh) * 2016-11-25 2017-02-01 同方威视技术股份有限公司 检查系统
CN110905890B (zh) * 2018-09-14 2021-12-31 湖南双达机电有限责任公司 连续管注入头塔架

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JP4190811B2 (ja) * 2001-08-30 2008-12-03 株式会社アイチコーポレーション 高所作業車
DE10315495A1 (de) * 2003-04-04 2004-10-21 Linde Ag Hydraulikanlage für Flurförderzeuge
US7162869B2 (en) * 2003-10-23 2007-01-16 Caterpillar Inc Hydraulic system for a work machine
IT1395446B1 (it) 2009-07-22 2012-09-21 Hinowa S P A Piattaforma aerea

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