EP2986495A1 - Transmission commutable à plusieurs vitesses pour deux-roues entraîné électriquement ainsi que deux-roues - Google Patents

Transmission commutable à plusieurs vitesses pour deux-roues entraîné électriquement ainsi que deux-roues

Info

Publication number
EP2986495A1
EP2986495A1 EP14716539.3A EP14716539A EP2986495A1 EP 2986495 A1 EP2986495 A1 EP 2986495A1 EP 14716539 A EP14716539 A EP 14716539A EP 2986495 A1 EP2986495 A1 EP 2986495A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gear
drive
sun gear
gears
planetary
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14716539.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hans-Peter Dommsch
Norbert Martin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2986495A1 publication Critical patent/EP2986495A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
    • B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
    • B62M6/70—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor power-driven at single endless flexible member, e.g. chain, between cycle crankshaft and wheel axle, the motor engaging the endless flexible member
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M11/00—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels
    • B62M11/04—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio
    • B62M11/14—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio with planetary gears
    • B62M11/18—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio with planetary gears with a plurality of planetary gear units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M7/00—Motorcycles characterised by position of motor or engine
    • B62M7/12—Motorcycles characterised by position of motor or engine with the engine beside or within the driven wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K2204/00—Adaptations for driving cycles by electric motor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electrically operated two-wheelers, so-called electric scooters or scooters, and in particular electrically operated two-wheelers with a manual transmission.
  • Electrically powered two-wheelers such as electric scooters or scooters, can be realized either with a drive motor provided in the rear hub or with a separate frame or swing fixed drive motor. Drive motors arranged in the latter manner can then be coupled to the rear wheel by means of a suitable reduction.
  • Powerful electric scooters have the disadvantage that to achieve sufficient starting torques torque-strong drive motors must be used, which in turn must be operated in more than 70% of their cycle times in a partial load range.
  • electric drives In the partial load range, electric drives generally have a low efficiency, so that despite efficient electric motors with peak efficiencies of up to 95%, the cycle efficiencies achieved are well below 80%.
  • the cycle efficiency and thus the range can theoretically be increased by up to 10%, given the appropriate design of the drive motors and the available reduction ratios.
  • the drive motor can be designed to provide a lower starting torque at the same time, which brings both a weight saving and an improvement in the cycle efficiency with it.
  • Gear selection is made in predominantly spur gear transmissions, which are positioned directly on the rear wheel together with the drive motor.
  • gear selection leads to an undesirable asymmetry of the weight distribution in the region of the rear wheel.
  • only one of the speed stages can be used when the actuator is subjected to a continuous holding current, whereby the energy consumption is increased.
  • this object is achieved by the switching arrangement for a drive wheel of a bicycle according to claim 1 and by the drive arrangement, the bicycle and the method according to the independent claims.
  • a shifting arrangement for a drive wheel of a bicycle comprising: a first planetary gear having a first sun gear, first planetary gears and a first ring gear engaged with each other;
  • a second planetary gear having a second sun gear, second planetary gears and a second ring gear engaged with each other;
  • the switching arrangement is designed as a switchable multi-speed transmission, in particular as a two-speed transmission, and has a first planetary gear and a second planetary gear. Furthermore, the ring gear of the first planetary gear is permanently fixed and the ring gear of the second planetary gear freely rotatable and lockable for changing a gear.
  • the planetary gears of the planetary gear are each disposed between the sun gear and the ring gear and both coupled with each other and fixed to an output shaft of the transmission unit.
  • the two sun gears of the planetary gear are rotatably connected to each other via a common motor shaft in a fixed forward direction of rotation.
  • the sun gear of the first planetary gear is connected via a corresponding freewheel with the motor shaft, so that a drive-through in the reverse direction is ensured.
  • the above switching arrangement has the advantage that only the higher gear stage caused by the second planetary gear has to be actively engaged.
  • a in the sense of the forward direction of rotation oriented in the opposite direction freewheel in Drehrmo- ment flow of the first low gear causes with selected (activated) second gear, ie the corresponding ring gear of the second planetary gear is blocked, the freewheel in the first gear is in the drive and no moment can transmit.
  • the ring gear of the second planetary gearset is released, the second gear stage is decoupled and the active gearbox is deactivated.
  • the rotation of the motor shaft by the drive motor becomes the lock operation of the freewheel on the first planetary gear, and the first speed step becomes effective.
  • first ring gear may be fixed and a clutch may be provided to switchably lock or release the second ring gear.
  • the first planetary gear may have a first reduction, which is higher than a second reduction of the second planetary gear.
  • One or more further planetary gears may each be provided, each with a further sun gear, further planet gears and a further ring gear whose reduction ratios are between the first gear reduction and the second gear reduction, whereby further clutches are provided to switchably block or release the further gear wheels. and wherein the further sun gears are each provided with a freewheel, via which the motor shaft is coupled to the one or more further sun gears to transmit a torque in the first direction of rotation and to provide a through drive in the opposite second direction of rotation.
  • a drive assembly for a two-wheeler comprising:
  • a secondary reduction to couple an output shaft of the shift assembly to a drive wheel. Due to the secondary reduction, the total reduction can be adapted to different diameters of a drive wheel rim without having to provide different variants of switching arrangements. Furthermore, it is possible to arrange the drive assembly offset from the drive wheel, for example on a rear wheel drive rocker, and to couple with the drive wheel by means of the secondary reduction, such as a chain or a toothed belt.
  • the drive arrangement may be arranged on a rear swinging arm, in particular between swinging arms of the rear swinging arm.
  • a bicycle is provided with a drive wheel disposed on a rear swing arm, the drive wheel being coupled to the above drive assembly.
  • a method for switching the above switching arrangement wherein for switching between a first drive stage and a second drive stage, only the second ring gear is blocked or released.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a rear swing arm of an electrically operated two-wheeler
  • Figure 2 is a schematic representation of the gearbox of
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the gearbox of
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a rear swing arm 1 of a two-wheeler, in particular an electrically operated electric scooter or
  • the rear swing arm 1 has an oscillating axis 2 about which the rear swing arm 1 is pivotally mounted.
  • the rear swing arm 1 is loaded with a spring to realize suspension of the two-wheeler (not shown).
  • a drive wheel 3 with a wheel rim 4 and a tire 5 is arranged at one of the swing axle 2 opposite end of the rear swing arm 1.
  • the drive wheel 3 of the bicycle is arranged on a rear wheel shaft 6, which is held between two swing arms supported on the rear swing arm 1.
  • the rear swinging arm 1 is designed as a two-arm swinging arm, with one-arm swinging generally also being able to be used in conjunction with the present invention.
  • the rear wheel shaft 6 carries, axially offset from the drive wheel 3, a rear sprocket 7, which may alternatively also be designed as a rear pulley.
  • the rear sprocket 7 is coupled via a chain 9 with a pinion 8.
  • a front pulley and instead of the chain 9, a toothed belt may be provided.
  • the pinion 8 or the front pulley, the chain 9 or the toothed belt and the rear sprocket 7 and the rear pulley form a secondary reduction for coupling the
  • a drive motor 10 is provided, which is preferably attached to the rear swing arm 1 between the swingarm arms and a motor shaft 15 has.
  • the drive motor 10 is arranged so that the motor shaft is preferably arranged axially parallel to the rear wheel shaft 6.
  • the drive motor 10 is preferably designed as an electric motor and is fed by a (not shown) electrical energy source via a control unit for adjusting the drive torque to be provided.
  • a manual transmission 1 1 Scholl- tion
  • the output shaft 12 is connected to the pinion 8 and the front pulley.
  • the gearbox 1 1 is preferably installed compact with the drive motor 10, wherein an adaptation of the drive system to different diameters of a drive wheel 3 by adjusting the secondary reduction 7, 8, 9 is provided.
  • the manual transmission 1 1 is shown in more detail in the schematic representation of Figure 2.
  • the transmission 1 1 is designed as a two-speed transmission, which has a first planetary gear 20 and a second planetary gear 30.
  • the first planetary gear 20 has a first sun gear 21, a plurality of the first sun gear 21 rotating first planetary gears 22 and a first the first planetary gears 22 encircling ring gear 23.
  • the first planetary gears 22, the first sun gear 21, and the first ring gear 23 are formed as gears, with the first planetary gears 22 meshing with the first sun gear 21 and the first ring gear 23.
  • the second planetary gear 30 has a second sun gear 31, a plurality of second planetary gears 32 revolving around the second sun gear 31, and a second ring gear 33 revolving around the second planetary gears 32.
  • the second planetary gears 32, the second sun gear 31 and the second ring gear 33 are formed as gears, wherein the second planet gears 32 are engaged with the second sun gear 31 and the second ring gear 33.
  • the drive motor 10 is connected via its motor shaft 15 fixed to the second sun gear 31.
  • the output shaft 12 is fixedly coupled to axle holes of the first and second planetary gears 22, 32 so that rotation of the planetary gears 22, 32 about the respective sun gear 21, 31 causes rotation of the output shaft 12.
  • the first sun gear 21 has a smaller diameter than the second sun gear 31. Accordingly, the first planet gears 22 are formed with a larger diameter than the second planet gears 32 and the first ring gear 23 has a higher inner diameter than the second
  • the first ring gear 23 is fixed, d. H. not rotatable, mounted so that when decoupled second planetary gear 30 of the freewheel 24 engages and the first planetary gear 20 transmits a torque to the output shaft 14, which results from the drive torque of the drive motor 10 of the first reduction of the first planetary gear 20.
  • the torque flow is schematically represented by arrows on the motor shaft 15 via the first sun gear 21, the first planet gears 22 and the output shaft 12.
  • the second ring gear 33 of the second planetary gear 30 is provided with a switchable clutch 34, which allow a rotation of the second ring gear 33 and in the case of a shift, the second ring gear 33 can block.
  • a switchable clutch 34 which allow a rotation of the second ring gear 33 and in the case of a shift, the second ring gear 33 can block.
  • FIG. 3 the second ring gear 33 is blocked and the drive torque of the drive motor 10 via the second planetary gear 30, d. H. via the second planet gears 32, on the
  • Planet wheels 32 rotate predetermined speed around the first sun gear 21 and rotate due to the lower reduction of the second planetary gear 30, the first sun gear 21 faster than it is caused by the drive of the first sun gear 21 through the motor shaft 15.
  • a relative movement between the first planet gears 22 and the first sun gear 21 effectively takes place, which corresponds to a reverse direction of rotation.
  • the first sun gear 21 is then decoupled from the motor shaft 15 of the drive motor 10, so that no torque-locking coupling is effected.
  • the first sun gear 21 rotates in the reverse direction with respect to the rotation of the output shaft 12 of the drive motor 10 and thus runs freely.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'accouplement (11) destiné à une roue d'entraînement (3) d'un deux-roues. Ledit dispositif comporte un premier engrenage planétaire (20) équipé d'une première roue solaire (21), de premières roues planétaires (22) et d'une première couronne de train planétaire (23). La première roue solaire (21) est accouplée à la première couronne de train planétaire (23) par l'intermédiaire des premières roues planétaires (22). Ledit dispositif comporte également une deuxième engrenage planétaire (30) équipé d'une deuxième roue solaire (31), de deuxièmes roues planétaires (32) et d'une deuxième couronne de train planétaire (33). La deuxième roue solaire (31) est accouplée à la deuxième couronne de train planétaire (33) par l'intermédiaire de deuxièmes roues planétaires (32). Ledit dispositif comporte aussi un arbre de moteur (15) qui est accouplé solidairement à la deuxième roue solaire (31). Ledit dispositif comporte en outre un arbre de sortie (12) qui est accouplé solidairement aux première et deuxième roues planétaires (22, 32) de sorte que le mouvement orbital des roues planétaires (22, 32) autour la roue solaire correspondante (21, 31) est transmis à l'arbre de sortie (12). Enfin, ledit dispositif comporte une roue libre (24) permettant d'accoupler l'arbre de moteur (15) à la première roue solaire (21) afin de transmettre un couple de rotation dans un premier sens de rotation et de produire un entraînement dans un deuxième sens de rotation opposé.
EP14716539.3A 2013-04-17 2014-04-03 Transmission commutable à plusieurs vitesses pour deux-roues entraîné électriquement ainsi que deux-roues Withdrawn EP2986495A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013206935.9A DE102013206935B4 (de) 2013-04-17 2013-04-17 Schaltbares Mehrganggetriebe für ein elektrisch betriebenes Zweirad sowie Zweirad
PCT/EP2014/056710 WO2014170135A1 (fr) 2013-04-17 2014-04-03 Transmission commutable à plusieurs vitesses pour deux-roues entraîné électriquement ainsi que deux-roues

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2986495A1 true EP2986495A1 (fr) 2016-02-24

Family

ID=50478377

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14716539.3A Withdrawn EP2986495A1 (fr) 2013-04-17 2014-04-03 Transmission commutable à plusieurs vitesses pour deux-roues entraîné électriquement ainsi que deux-roues

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2986495A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN105143032B (fr)
DE (1) DE102013206935B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014170135A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108058593B (zh) * 2018-01-11 2023-06-23 北京汽车研究总院有限公司 一种驱动机构及汽车
WO2021038358A1 (fr) * 2019-08-28 2021-03-04 Cucchi Giovanni & C. S.R.L. Dispositif de propulsion pour véhicule à deux roues
CN114655347A (zh) * 2022-04-19 2022-06-24 山东理工大学 一种基于双行星齿轮机构及双电机的电动助力自行车用驱动系统

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06263080A (ja) * 1993-03-12 1994-09-20 Bridgestone Cycle Co 自転車用変速装置
JPH06298153A (ja) * 1993-04-13 1994-10-25 Bridgestone Cycle Co 自転車用変速装置
JP3394458B2 (ja) * 1998-10-19 2003-04-07 松下電器産業株式会社 補助動力装置付き車輌
US6964313B2 (en) * 2003-01-23 2005-11-15 Biketoo, Incorporated Personal transport vehicle, such as a bicycle
KR100479873B1 (ko) * 2003-05-13 2005-03-31 홍재호 수십가지 페달 링 방식의 자전거 드라이브 유닛
CN101492085A (zh) * 2009-03-16 2009-07-29 林伯祥 可安装在电动车后车轮左右端上的传动机构
DE102009014247A1 (de) * 2009-03-20 2010-09-23 Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Antriebssystem für ein motorisch unterstütztes Fahrrad
DE102009056206A1 (de) * 2009-11-28 2011-06-01 Sram Deutschland Gmbh Mehrgang-Getriebenabe für Fahrräder
US8353228B2 (en) * 2010-01-20 2013-01-15 Tai-Her Yang Lockable or releasable bicycle with bidirectional input and one-way output

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *
See also references of WO2014170135A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN105143032A (zh) 2015-12-09
DE102013206935A1 (de) 2014-10-23
WO2014170135A1 (fr) 2014-10-23
DE102013206935B4 (de) 2021-08-05
CN105143032B (zh) 2018-04-20

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