EP2981600B1 - Formulierungen, ihre verwendung als geschirrspülmittel und ihre herstellung - Google Patents

Formulierungen, ihre verwendung als geschirrspülmittel und ihre herstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2981600B1
EP2981600B1 EP14715875.2A EP14715875A EP2981600B1 EP 2981600 B1 EP2981600 B1 EP 2981600B1 EP 14715875 A EP14715875 A EP 14715875A EP 2981600 B1 EP2981600 B1 EP 2981600B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
formulation
weight
zinc
acid
ethyleneimine
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EP14715875.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2981600A1 (de
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Stephan Hüffer
Alejandra Garcia Marcos
Markus Hartmann
Heike Weber
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BASF SE
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BASF SE
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Priority to PL14715875T priority Critical patent/PL2981600T3/pl
Priority to EP14715875.2A priority patent/EP2981600B1/de
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
    • C11D3/0073—Anticorrosion compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
    • C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
    • C11D3/046—Salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
    • C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
    • C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
    • C11D3/1213—Oxides or hydroxides, e.g. Al2O3, TiO2, CaO or Ca(OH)2
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
    • C11D3/2082—Polycarboxylic acids-salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/26—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C11D3/33—Amino carboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/37—Polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/37—Polymers
    • C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C11D3/3723—Polyamines or polyalkyleneimines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/395—Bleaching agents

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of formulations according to the invention and their use as or for the production of dishwashing detergents, in particular dishwashing detergents for machine dishwashing.
  • Dishwashing detergents have many requirements to fulfill. So they have to clean the dishes thoroughly, they should have no harmful or potentially harmful substances in the wastewater, they should allow the draining and drying of the water from the dishes, and they should not cause problems when operating the dishwasher. Finally, they should not lead to aesthetically undesirable consequences on the good to be cleaned. Especially in this context is the glass corrosion.
  • Glass corrosion is caused not only by mechanical effects, for example by rubbing glasses or mechanical contact of the glasses with parts of the dishwasher, but is mainly promoted by chemical influences.
  • certain ions can be released from the glass by repeated mechanical cleaning, adversely altering the optical and thus the aesthetic properties.
  • Glass corrosion has several effects. On the one hand, one can observe the formation of microscopically fine cracks, which are noticeable in the form of lines. On the other hand, one can often observe a general cloudiness, for example a roughening, which makes the glass in question look unaesthetic. Overall, such effects are also subdivided into iridescent discoloration, scoring and surface and annular opacities.
  • EP 2 118 254 It is known that one can use zinc salts in combination with certain vinyl polymers as inhibitors to prevent glass corrosion.
  • EP 1 721 921 A discloses polyaspartic acid-containing automatic dishwashing detergents. Zinc salts may be included as an additive.
  • Dishwashing agents which contain polyethyleneimine. Such dishwashing agents may contain phosphate or be phosphate-free. It is attributed to them a good inhibition of glass corrosion. Zinc and bismuth-containing dishwashing detergents are not recommended.
  • the glass corrosion in particular the line corrosion and the turbidity, but is not sufficiently delayed or prevented in many cases.
  • formulations defined above were found, also called formulations according to the invention.
  • Formulations according to the invention contain (A) in total in the range from 1 to 50% by weight of at least one compound selected from methylglycinediacetic acid (MGDA), glutamic acid diacetate (GLDA) and their salts, in the context of the present invention also referred to as compound (A).
  • MGDA methylglycinediacetic acid
  • GLDA glutamic acid diacetate
  • Compound (A) may be in the form of a free acid or preferably in partially or completely neutralized form, ie as a salt.
  • Suitable counterions are, for example, inorganic cations, for example ammonium or alkali, more preferably Na.sup. + , K.sup. + , Or organic cations, preferably ammonium substituted with one or more organic radicals, in particular triethanolammonium, N, N-diethanolammonium, N-mono-C C 1 -C 4 -alkyldiethanolammonium, for example N-methyldiethanolammonium or Nn-butyldiethanolammonium, and N, N-di-C 1 -C 4 -alkylethanolammonium.
  • compound (A) is selected from methylglycine diacetate (MGDA) and glutamic acid diacetate (GLDA), and preferably their salts, in particular their sodium salts.
  • MGDA methylglycine diacetate
  • GLDA glutamic acid diacetate
  • salts in particular their sodium salts.
  • amino acids alanine or glutamic acid from L-amino acids, R-amino acids and mixtures of enantiomers of amino acids, such as the racemates.
  • Total formulations of the invention contain in the range of 0.01 to 0.4 wt .-% of at least one zinc salt (B).
  • Zinc salts (B) can be selected from water-soluble and non-water-soluble zinc salts. In the context of the present invention, zinc salts (B) of this kind are described as insoluble in water and have a solubility of 0.1 g / l or less in distilled water at 25 ° C. Zinc salts (B), which have a higher water solubility, are accordingly referred to in the context of the present invention as water-soluble zinc salts.
  • the proportion of zinc salt is given as zinc or zinc ions. Thus one can calculate out the portion of the Jacobions.
  • zinc salt (B) is selected from zinc benzoate, zinc gluconate, zinc lactate, zinc formate, ZnCl 2 , ZnSO 4 , zinc acetate, zinc citrate, Zn (NO 3 ) 2 , Zn (CH 3 SO 3 ) 2 and zinc gallate ZnCl 2 , ZnSO 4 , zinc acetate, zinc citrate, Zn (NO 3 ) 2 , Zn (CH 3 SO 3 ) 2 and zinc gallate are preferred.
  • zinc salt (B) is selected from ZnO, ZnO ⁇ aq, Zn (OH) 2 and ZnCO 3 .
  • ZnO ⁇ aq is preferred.
  • zinc salt (B) is selected from zinc oxides having an average particle diameter (weight average) in the range of 10 nm to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the cation in zinc salt (B) can be complexed, for example, complexed with ammonia ligands or water ligands, and especially present hydrated.
  • ligands are usually omitted in the context of the present invention, if they are water ligands.
  • zinc salt (B) can convert.
  • zinc acetate or ZnCl 2 it is possible, for example, to use zinc acetate or ZnCl 2 to prepare the formulation according to the invention, but this converts to ZnO, Zn (OH) 2 or ZnO ⁇ aq at a pH of 8 or 9 in an aqueous environment can not be complexed or complexed.
  • Zinc salt (B) is present in such formulations according to the invention which are solid at room temperature, preferably in the form of particles having, for example, a number average molecular weight in the range of 10 nm to 100 ⁇ m, preferably 100 nm to 5 ⁇ m, determined, for example, by X-ray scattering.
  • Zinc salt (B) is present in such inventive formulations, which are liquid at room temperature, in dissolved or solid or in colloidal form.
  • the inventive formulation further contains a total of from 0.001 to 0.045 wt .-% (C) of at least one copolymer or preferably at least one homopolymer of ethyleneimine, together briefly also called polyethyleneimine (C).
  • copolymers of ethyleneimine also include copolymers of ethyleneimine (aziridine) with one or more higher homologues of ethyleneimine, such as propyleneimine (2-methylaziridine), 1- or 2-butylenimine (2-ethylaziridine or Dimethylaziridine), for example, with a total of 0.01 to 75 mol% of one or more homologues of ethyleneimine, based on the proportion of ethyleneimine.
  • aziridine ethyleneimine
  • ethyleneimine ethyleneimine
  • 2-butylenimine 2-ethylaziridine or Dimethylaziridine
  • copolymers of ethyleneimine (C) are selected from graft copolymers of ethyleneimine (C). Such graft copolymers are also referred to in the context of the present invention as ethyleneimine graft copolymers (C). Ethyleneimine graft copolymers (C) may be crosslinked or uncrosslinked.
  • ethyleneimine graft copolymers (C) are selected from those polymers obtainable by grafting polyamidoamines with ethyleneimine.
  • ethyleneimine graft copolymers (C) are composed of 10 to 90% by weight of polyamidoamine as grafting base and 90 to 10% by weight of ethyleneimine as grafting support, each based on ethyleneimine graft copolymer (C).
  • Polyamidoamines are obtainable for example by condensation of polyalkylenepolyamines in pure form, as a mixture with one another or in a mixture with diamines.
  • polyalkylenepolyamines are understood as meaning compounds which contain at least 3 basic nitrogen atoms in the molecule, for example diethylenetriamine, dipropylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tripropylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine, N- (2-aminoethyl) -1,3-propanediamine and N , N'-bis (3-aminopropyl) ethylenediamine.
  • diamines examples include 1,2-diaminoethane, 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,4-diaminobutane, 1,6-diaminohexane, 1,8-diaminooctane, isophoronediamine, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 1,4-bis ( 3-aminopropyl) piperazine, 4,9-dioxadodecane-1,12-diamine, 4,7,10-trioxatridecane-1,13-diamine and ⁇ , ⁇ -diamino compounds of polyalkylene oxides.
  • ethyleneimine graft copolymers (C) are selected from those polymers which can be prepared by grafting polyvinylamines as a grafting base with ethyleneimine or oligomers of ethyleneimine, for example dimerren or trimers of ethyleneimine.
  • ethyleneimine graft copolymers (C) are composed of 10 to 90% by weight of polyvinylamine as grafting base and 90 to 10% by weight of ethyleneimine as grafting support, in each case based on ethyleneimine graft copolymer (C).
  • At least one polyethyleneimine (C) in the form of a homopolymer, preferably uncrosslinked, is chosen as the component of the formulation according to the invention.
  • polyethyleneimine (C) has an average molecular weight M n of from 500 g / mol to 125,000 g / mol, preferably from 750 g / mol to 100,000 g / mol.
  • polyethyleneimine (C) has an average molecular weight M w in the range of 500 to 1,000,000 g / mol, preferably in the range of 600 to 75,000 g / mol, particularly preferably in the range of 800 to 25,000 g / mol, determinable for example by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
  • GPC gel permeation chromatography
  • polyethyleneimines (C) are selected from highly branched polyethyleneimines.
  • Highly branched polyethylenimines (C) are characterized by their high degree of branching (DB).
  • Polyethyleneimines (C) having DB in the range from 0.1 to 0.95, preferably 0.25 to 0.90 and more preferably in the range from 0.30 to 0.80%, are considered highly branched polyethylenimines (C) within the scope of the present invention. and most preferably at least 0.5.
  • polyethylene dendrimers (C) which are dendritic polyethylenimines (C) are understood as meaning polyethylenimines (C) having a structurally and molecularly uniform structure.
  • polyethylenimine (C) is highly branched polyethyleneimines (homopolymers) having an average molecular weight M w in the range from 600 to 75,000 g / mol, preferably in the range from 800 to 25,000 g / mol.
  • polyethylenimine (C) is highly branched polyethyleneimines (homopolymers) having an average molecular weight M n of from 500 g / mol to 125,000 g / mol, preferably from 750 g / mol to 100,000 g / mol, which is chosen from dendrimers.
  • polyethyleneimine (C) is linear or substantially linear polyethyleneimine (homopolymer) having an average molecular weight M w in the range of 600 to 75,000 g / mol, preferably in the range of 800 to 25,000 g / mol.
  • formulations according to the invention contain in the range from 1 to 50% by weight of compound (A), preferably from 10 to 40% by weight, total in the range of 0.01 to 0.4 wt .-% zinc salt (B), preferably 0.05 to 0.2 wt .-%, calculated as Zn, and a total of from 0.001 to 0.045% by weight of homopolymer or copolymer of ethyleneimine (C), preferably from 0.01 to 0.04% by weight, optionally a total of 0.5 to 15% by weight of bleaching agent (D), in each case based on the solids content of the relevant formulation.
  • compound (A) preferably from 10 to 40% by weight, total in the range of 0.01 to 0.4 wt .-% zinc salt (B), preferably 0.05 to 0.2 wt .-%, calculated as Zn, and a total of from 0.001 to 0.045% by weight of homopolymer or copolymer of ethyleneimine (C), preferably from 0.01 to 0.04% by weight, optional
  • formulation according to the invention is solid at room temperature, for example a powder or a tablet.
  • formulation of the invention is liquid at room temperature.
  • the formulation according to the invention is a granulate, a liquid preparation or a gel.
  • the formulation according to the invention contains from 0.1 to 10% by weight of water, based on the sum of all solids of the relevant formulation.
  • zinc salt (B) may be present in formulations of the invention which are complexed by polyethylenimine (C).
  • formulation according to the invention is free of phosphates and polyphosphates, wherein hydrogen phosphates are subsumed, for example, free of trisodium phosphate, pentasodium tripolyphosphate and hexasodium metaphosphate.
  • free from in connection with phosphates and polyphosphates in the context of the present invention should be understood to mean that the total content of phosphate and polyphosphate ranges from 10 ppm to 0.2% by weight, determined by gravimetry.
  • the formulation according to the invention is free from those heavy metal compounds which do not function as bleach catalysts, in particular compounds of iron and bismuth.
  • “free from” is to be understood in connection with heavy metal compounds as meaning that the content of heavy metal compounds which do not act as bleach catalysts is in the range from 0 to 100 ppm, preferably from 1 to 30 ppm, determined according to Leach method.
  • heavy metals are all metals having a specific density of at least 6 g / cm 3 , but not zinc.
  • the heavy metals are precious metals and bismuth, iron, copper, lead, tin, nickel, cadmium and chromium.
  • formulation according to the invention contains no measurable proportions of bismuth compounds, that is to say, for example, less than 1 ppm.
  • formulation according to the invention contains one or more bleaching agents (D), for example one or more oxygen bleaching agents or one or more chlorine-containing bleaching agents.
  • D bleaching agents
  • formulations according to the invention may contain from 0.5 to 15% by weight of bleach (D).
  • oxygen bleaching agents are sodium perborate, anhydrous or, for example, monohydrate or tetrahydrate or so-called dihydrate, sodium percarbonate, anhydrous or, for example, monohydrate, hydrogen peroxide, persulfates, organic peracids such as peroxylauric acid, peroxystearic acid, peroxy- ⁇ -naphthoic acid, 1,12-diperoxydodecanedioic acid , Perbenzoic acid, peroxylauric acid, 1,9-diperoxyazelaic acid, diperoxyisophthalic acid, in each case as the free acid or as the alkali metal salt, in particular as the sodium salt, furthermore sulfonyl peroxyacids and cationic peroxyacids.
  • organic peracids such as peroxylauric acid, peroxystearic acid, peroxy- ⁇ -naphthoic acid, 1,12-diperoxydodecanedioic acid , Perbenzoic acid
  • formulations according to the invention may contain in the range of 0.5 to 15% by weight of oxygen bleach.
  • Suitable chlorine-containing bleaching agents are, for example, 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, N-N-chlorosulfamide, chloramine T, chloramine B, sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite, magnesium hypochlorite, potassium hypochlorite, potassium dichloroisocyanurate and sodium dichloroisocyanurate.
  • formulations according to the invention may contain in the range of from 3 to 10% by weight of chlorine-containing bleach.
  • formulation according to the invention may comprise further ingredients (E), for example one or more surfactants, one or more enzymes, one or more builders, in particular phosphorus-free builders, one or more cobuilders, one or more alkali carriers, one or more a plurality of bleach catalysts, one or more bleach activators, one or more bleach stabilizers, one or more defoamers, one or more corrosion inhibitors, one or more builders, buffers, dyes, one or more perfumes, one or more organic solvents, one or more tableting aids, one or more several disintegrating agents, one or more thickeners, or one or more solubilizing agents.
  • surfactants for example one or more surfactants, one or more enzymes, one or more builders, in particular phosphorus-free builders, one or more cobuilders, one or more alkali carriers, one or more a plurality of bleach catalysts, one or more bleach activators, one or more bleach stabilizers, one or more defoamers, one or more corrosion inhibitors, one or more builders, buffer
  • surfactants are, in particular, nonionic surfactants and mixtures of anionic or zwitterionic surfactants with nonionic surfactants.
  • Preferred nonionic surfactants are alkoxylated alcohols and alkoxylated fatty alcohols, di- and multiblock copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide and reaction products of sorbitan with ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, alkyl glycosides and so-called amine oxides.
  • Compounds of the general formula (I) may be block copolymers or random copolymers, preference being given to block copolymers.
  • these may be block copolymers or random copolymers, preference being given to block copolymers.
  • nonionic surfactants are compounds of the general formula (III)
  • suitable nonionic surfactants are selected from di- and multiblock copolymers, composed of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.
  • suitable nonionic surfactants are selected from ethoxylated or propoxylated sorbitan esters.
  • amine oxides or alkylpolyglycosides are also suitable.
  • anionic surfactants are C 8 -C 20 -alkyl sulfates, C 8 -C 20 -alkyl sulfonates and C 8 -C 20 -alkyl ether sulfates having one to six ethylene oxide units per molecule.
  • formulation according to the invention may contain in the range from 3 to 20% by weight of surfactant, based on the solids content of the relevant formulation.
  • Formulations of the invention may contain one or more enzymes.
  • enzymes are lipases, hydrolases, amylases, proteases, cellulases, esterases, pectinases, lactases and peroxidases.
  • Formulations according to the invention may contain, for example, up to 5% by weight of enzyme, preferably from 0.1 to 3% by weight, in each case based on the total solids content of the formulation according to the invention.
  • Formulations according to the invention may contain one or more builders, in particular phosphate-free builders.
  • suitable builders are silicates, in particular sodium disilicate and sodium metasilicate, zeolites, sheet silicates, especially those of the formula ⁇ -Na 2 Si 2 O 5 , ⁇ -Na 2 Si 2 O 5 , and ⁇ -Na 2 Si 2 O 5 , furthermore citric acid and their alkali metal salts, succinic acid and its alkali metal salts, fatty acid sulfonates, ⁇ -hydroxypropionic acid, alkali malonates, fatty acid sulfonates, alkyl and alkenyl disuccinates, tartaric acid diacetate, tartaric acid monoacetate, oxidized starch, and polymeric builders such as polycarboxylates and polyaspartic acid.
  • builders of polycarboxylates are selected, for example, alkali metal salts of (meth) acrylic acid homo- or (meth) acrylic acid copolymers.
  • Suitable comonomers of (meth) acrylic acid homo- or (meth) acrylic acid copolymers are monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids such as maleic acid, fumaric acid, maleic anhydride, itaconic acid and citraconic acid.
  • a suitable polymer is in particular polyacrylic acid, which preferably has an average molecular weight M w in the range from 2000 to 40,000 g / mol, preferably 2,000 to 10,000 g / mol, in particular 3,000 to 8,000 g / mol.
  • copolymeric polycarboxylates in particular those of acrylic acid with methacrylic acid and of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with maleic acid and / or fumaric acid.
  • Suitable hydrophobic monomers are, for example, isobutene, diisobutene, butene, pentene, hexene and styrene, olefins having 10 or more carbon atoms or mixtures thereof, for example 1-decene, 1-dodecene, 1-tetradecene, 1-hexadecene, 1-octadecene, 1-hexadecene and 1-octadecene.
  • Suitable hydrophilic monomers are monomers having sulfonate or phosphonate groups, as well as nonionic monomers having hydroxy function or alkylene oxide groups. Examples include: allyl alcohol, isoprenol, methoxypolyethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, methoxypolypropylene glycol (meth) acrylate, methoxypolybutylene glycol (meth) acrylate, methoxypoly (propylene oxide-coethylene oxide) (meth) acrylate, ethoxypolyethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, ethoxypolypropylene glycol (meth) acrylate, ethoxypolybutylene glycol (meth) acrylate and ethoxypoly (propylene oxide-co-ethylene oxide) (meth) acrylate.
  • the polyalkylene glycols contain 3 to 50, in particular 5 to 40 and especially 10 to 30 alkylene oxide units.
  • Particularly preferred sulfonic acid-containing monomers are 1-acrylamido-1-propanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-propanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 2-methacrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 3-methacrylamido-2 hydroxypropanesulfonic acid, allylsulfonic acid, methallylsulfonic acid, allyloxybenzenesulfonic acid, methallyloxybenzenesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-3- (2-propenyloxy) propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-propene-1-sulfonic acid, styrenesulfonic acid, vinylsulfonic acid, 3-sulfopropyl acrylate, 2-sulfoethyl methacrylate, 3-sulfopropyl methacrylate , Sulfomethacrylamide, sulfomethylmethacrylamide and salt
  • Particularly preferred phosphonate group-containing monomers are the vinylphosphonic acid and its salts.
  • amphoteric polymers can also be used as builders.
  • Formulations according to the invention may contain, for example, in the range from 10 to 50% by weight, preferably up to 20% by weight, of builder, based on the solids content of the relevant formulation.
  • formulations according to the invention may contain one or more co-builders.
  • co-builders are phosphonates, for example hydroxyalkane phosphonates and aminoalkane phosphonates.
  • hydroxyalkane phosphonates 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonate (HEDP) is of particular importance as a co-builder.
  • HEDP 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonate
  • Preferred aminoalkanephosphonates are ethylenediaminetetra-methylenephosphonate (EDTMP), diethylenetriaminepentamethylenephosphonate (DTPMP) and their higher homologs. They are preferably in the form of the neutral reacting sodium salts, e.g. as hexasodium salt of EDTMP or as hepta- and octa-sodium salt of DTPMP used.
  • Formulations of the invention may contain one or more alkali carriers.
  • Alkaline carriers for example, provide the pH of at least 9 when an alkaline pH is desired.
  • Suitable examples are alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal hydrogencarbonates, alkali metal hydroxides and alkali metal metasilicates.
  • Preferred alkali metal is in each case potassium, particularly preferred is sodium.
  • Formulations of the invention may contain one or more bleach catalysts.
  • Bleach catalysts can be selected from bleach-enhancing transition metal salts or transition metal complexes such as manganese, iron, cobalt, ruthenium or molybdenum-salene complexes or manganese, iron, cobalt, ruthenium or molybdenum carbonyl complexes.
  • Manganese, iron, cobalt, ruthenium, molybdenum, titanium, vanadium and copper complexes with nitrogen-containing tripod ligands and cobalt, iron, copper and ruthenium-amine complexes can also be used as bleach catalysts.
  • Formulations according to the invention may contain one or more bleach activators, for example N-methylmorpholinium acetonitrile salts ("MMA salts”), trimethylammonium acetonitrile salts, N-acylimides such as N-nonanoyl succinimide, 1,5-diacetyl-2,2-dioxo-hexahydro-1 , 3,5-triazine (“DADHT”) or nitrile quats (trimethylammonium acetonitrile salts).
  • MMA salts N-methylmorpholinium acetonitrile salts
  • DADHT 3,5-triazine
  • nitrile quats trimethylammonium acetonitrile salts
  • TAED tetraacetylethylenediamine
  • TAED tetraacetylhexylenediamine
  • Formulations of the invention may contain one or more corrosion inhibitors. This is to be understood in the present case, such compounds that the corrosion of metal.
  • suitable corrosion inhibitors are triazoles, in particular benzotriazoles, bisbenzotriazoles, aminotriazoles, alkylaminotriazoles, furthermore phenol derivatives such as, for example, hydroquinone, catechol, hydroxyhydroquinone, gallic acid, phloroglucin or pyrogallol.
  • formulations according to the invention contain a total of in the range of 0.1 to 1.5 wt .-% corrosion inhibitor, based on the solids content of the relevant formulation.
  • Formulations of the invention may contain one or more builders, for example, sodium sulfate.
  • Formulations of the invention may contain one or more defoamers selected, for example, from silicone oils and paraffin oils.
  • formulations according to the invention contain in total from 0.05 to 0.5% by weight of defoamer, based on the solids content of the relevant formulation.
  • formulations according to the invention may contain salts of one or more further acids, for example the sodium salt of methanesulfonic acid.
  • formulations according to the invention have a pH in the range from 5 to 14, preferably 8 to 13.
  • Another object of the present invention is the use of formulations according to the invention for the automatic cleaning of dishes and kitchen utensils.
  • kitchen utensils in the context of the present invention, for example, pots, pans, casseroles to call, and metal objects such as, for example, skimmers, roasters and garlic presses.
  • a surface of glass is to be understood as meaning that the object in question has at least one piece of glass which comes into contact with the ambient air and can be contaminated when the object is used.
  • the objects in question may be those which are essentially glassware such as drinking glasses or glass bowls. But it can also be, for example, cover that have individual components of a different material, such as pot lid with edging and metal handle.
  • Glass surface may be decorated, for example colored or printed, or not decorated.
  • glass includes any glass, for example lead glass and in particular soda lime glass, crystal glass and borosilicate glasses.
  • Machine cleaning is preferably dishwashing with a dishwasher (English: “automatic dishwashing”).
  • At least one formulation according to the invention for automated cleaning of drinking glasses, glass vases and glass jars is used for cooking.
  • water having a hardness in the range from 1 to 30 ° dH, preferably from 2 to 25 ° dH, is used for cleaning, German hardness being taken to mean in particular the calcium hardness.
  • machine-cleaning formulations according to the invention are used, even with repeated mechanical cleaning of objects which have at least one surface made of glass, there is very little tendency for glass corrosion, even if objects comprising at least one surface made of glass are used have, along with heavily soiled cutlery or dishes cleans. In addition, it is much less harmful to use the formulation of the present invention to clean glass together with metal objects, such as pots, pans or garlic presses.
  • Compound (A), zinc salt (B), and polyethyleneimine (C) and bleaching agent (D) and other ingredient (s) (E) are defined above.
  • ingredients (E) for formulation according to the invention before at least partially removing the water, it is possible to mix with one or more other ingredients (E) for formulation according to the invention, for example with one or more surfactants, one or more enzymes, one or more builders, in particular phosphorus free builder, one or more cobuilders, one or more alkali carriers, one or more bleach catalysts, one or more bleach activators, one or more bleach stabilizers, one or more defoamers, one or more corrosion inhibitors, one or more builders, with buffer or dye.
  • surfactants for formulation according to the invention, for example with one or more surfactants, one or more enzymes, one or more builders, in particular phosphorus free builder, one or more cobuilders, one or more alkali carriers, one or more bleach catalysts, one or more bleach activators, one or more bleach stabilizers, one or more defoamers, one or more corrosion inhibitors, one or more builders, with buffer or dye.
  • the water is removed completely or partially, for example to a residual moisture in the range from zero to 5% by weight, from the formulation according to the invention by evaporation, in particular by spray drying, spray granulation or compaction.
  • the water is removed, in whole or in part, at a pressure in the range of 0.3 to 2 bar.
  • the water is removed, in whole or in part, at temperatures in the range of 60 to 220 ° C.
  • the cleaning formulations according to the invention may be provided in liquid or solid form, mono- or multiphase, as tablets or in the form of other dosing units, packaged or unpackaged.
  • the water content of liquid formulations can vary from 35 to 90% water.
  • % and ppm always denote wt .-% and wt ppm, unless expressly stated otherwise, and in the case of formulations according to the invention based on the total solids content.
  • Base mixtures were prepared containing the feedstocks according to Table 1. The starting materials were mixed dry.
  • Table 1 Basic mixtures for experiments with formulations according to the invention and comparative formulations Base 1
  • Base 2 Base 3 protease 2.5 2.5 2.5 amylase 1 1 1 nC 18 H 37 (OCH 2 CH 2 ) 9 OH 5 5 5
  • Polyacrylic acid M w 4,000 g / mol as sodium salt, completely neutralized 10 10
  • Sodium percarbonate (D.1) 10.5 10.5 10.5 TAED 4 4 4 Na 2 Si 2 O 5 2 2 2 Na 2 CO 3 19.5 19.5 19.5 Sodium citrate dihydrate 0 22.5
  • HEDP 0.5 0.5 0.5
  • MGDA methylglycine diacetic acid as trisodium salt
  • TAED N, N, N ', N'-tetraacetylethylenediamine
  • HEDP disodium salt of hydroxyethane (1,1-diphosphonic acid)
  • Dishwasher Miele G 1222 SCL Program: 65 ° C (with pre-rinse) ware: 3 champagne glasses “GILDE”, 3 shot glasses, "INTERMEZZO"
  • each dishwashing agent used was 18 g of formulation according to the invention or comparative formulation according to Table 2, where Table 2 individually specifies the active components (A.1), optionally (B), optionally (C) and base mixture of formulation according to the invention.
  • Rinsing was carried out at a rinse temperature of 65 ° C. The water hardness was in each case in the range of zero to 2 ° dH.
  • the evaluation was carried out gravimetrically and visually after 50 rinsing cycles.
  • the weight of the glasses was determined before the beginning of the first rinse cycle and after drying after the last rinse cycle. The weight loss is the difference between the two values.
  • test specimens were each a champagne glass and a shot glass from the company Libbey (NL), a, material: soda-lime glasses.
  • the stainless steel pot was filled with 5.5 liters of water and added 18 g of formulation or comparison formulation according to the invention, wherein Table 3 shows the active components (A.1), optionally (B), optionally (C) and base mixture of formulation according to the invention or comparison formulation each individually specified.
  • the resulting cleaner liquor was stirred by means of the magnetic stirrer at 550 revolutions per minute. They installed the contact thermometer and covered the stainless steel pot with the lid, so that no water could evaporate during the experiment. It was heated to 75 ° C and put the grid bottom insert with the two specimens in the stainless steel pot, taking care that the specimens were completely immersed in the liquid.
  • test pieces were taken out and rinsed under running distilled water. Thereafter, the test specimens were rinsed in the household dishwasher with a formulation consisting of 1 g of surfactant (nC 18 H 37 (OCH 2 CH 2 ) 10 OH) and 20 g of citric acid, again with the 55 ° C program to remove any deposits.
  • surfactant nC 18 H 37 (OCH 2 CH 2 ) 10 OH
  • the dry specimens were weighed. This was followed by the visual assessment of the test specimens. The surface of the test specimens was evaluated for line corrosion (glass scoring) and haze corrosion (areal haze).
  • Interim scores (e.g., L3-4) were also allowed on the match.
  • formulations according to the invention were also always superior to the corresponding comparative formulations in terms of the inhibition of glass corrosion.
  • Table 2 Results of tests with dishwasher (endurance runner) example
  • Base mixture [g] (A.1) [g] (B) [mg] (C) [mg] Weight loss champagne glass [mg] Weight loss shot glass [mg] Visual rating champagne glass Visual rating shot glass V-D3.1
  • Base 3 16.2 1.8 --- 75 45 L1, T2 L1, T1-2 V-D3.2
  • Base 3 16.2 1.8 36 --- 50 30 L1, T3 L1, T3 V-D1.1
  • Base 1 9.9 8.1 --- --- 82 53 L1, T1-2 L1, T1-2 V-D1.2
  • Base 1 9.9 8.1 3.6 7.5 21 11 L3, T4 L3-4, T4-5 D1.5
  • Base 1 9.9 8.1 9 7.5 17 8th L3-4, T4-5 L4,

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EP14715875.2A 2013-04-02 2014-03-28 Formulierungen, ihre verwendung als geschirrspülmittel und ihre herstellung Active EP2981600B1 (de)

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US20160186098A1 (en) 2016-06-30
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KR101925274B1 (ko) 2018-12-05
US9994797B2 (en) 2018-06-12
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