EP2979051B1 - Procédé et dispositif permettant de produire avec une consommation d'énergie variable de l'oxygène sous pression sous forme gazeuse - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif permettant de produire avec une consommation d'énergie variable de l'oxygène sous pression sous forme gazeuse Download PDF

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EP2979051B1
EP2979051B1 EP14714174.1A EP14714174A EP2979051B1 EP 2979051 B1 EP2979051 B1 EP 2979051B1 EP 14714174 A EP14714174 A EP 14714174A EP 2979051 B1 EP2979051 B1 EP 2979051B1
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amount
substream
pressure
heat exchanger
oxygen
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German (de)
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EP2979051A2 (fr
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Dimitri Goloubev
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Linde GmbH
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Linde GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04418—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system with thermally overlapping high and low pressure columns
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04951—Arrangements of multiple air fractionation units or multiple equipments fulfilling the same process step, e.g. multiple trains in a network
    • F25J3/04957—Arrangements of multiple air fractionation units or multiple equipments fulfilling the same process step, e.g. multiple trains in a network and inter-connecting equipments upstream of the fractionation unit (s), i.e. at the "front-end"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04254—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using the cold stored in external cryogenic fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F25J3/04296—Claude expansion, i.e. expanded into the main or high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04375—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc.
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04472—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the cold from cryogenic liquids produced within the air fractionation unit and stored in internal or intermediate storages
    • F25J3/04496—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the cold from cryogenic liquids produced within the air fractionation unit and stored in internal or intermediate storages for compensating variable air feed or variable product demand by alternating between periods of liquid storage and liquid assist
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/031—Sensor arrangements
    • F25B2313/0314—Temperature sensors near the indoor heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/031—Sensor arrangements
    • F25B2313/0315—Temperature sensors near the outdoor heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2115—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor
    • F25B2700/21151—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor at the suction side of the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2115—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor
    • F25B2700/21152—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor at the discharge side of the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/02—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum
    • F25J2205/04—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum in the feed line, i.e. upstream of the fractionation step
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/40—Air or oxygen enriched air, i.e. generally less than 30mol% of O2
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/50—Oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/50—Oxygen or special cases, e.g. isotope-mixtures or low purity O2
    • F25J2215/54—Oxygen production with multiple pressure O2
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/24—Multiple compressors or compressor stages in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/40—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams the fluid being air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/40—Expansion without extracting work, i.e. isenthalpic throttling, e.g. JT valve, regulating valve or venturi, or isentropic nozzle, e.g. Laval
    • F25J2240/42—Expansion without extracting work, i.e. isenthalpic throttling, e.g. JT valve, regulating valve or venturi, or isentropic nozzle, e.g. Laval the fluid being air

Definitions

  • EP 1139046 A1 EP 1146301 A1 .
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method of the type mentioned above and a corresponding device that require a relatively low cost of equipment, yet allow variable in a particularly wide range operation of the system in terms of energy consumption and work very efficiently.
  • boosters for the second and the third can also be used in the invention
  • the secondary compressor is then designed with three or more strands upstream or downstream of the multistage compressor additional compressor can be used, which compress the second and third partial flow individually or together.
  • first pressure first partial flow, so-called throttle flow
  • second high pressure second partial flow, so-called turbine flow
  • first partial flow so-called throttle flow
  • second partial flow so-called turbine flow
  • the second partial flow is after his work-performing relaxation usually at least partially, preferably completely or substantially completely introduced into the high-pressure column.
  • total airflow is meant the amount of air that is ultimately introduced into the distillation column system. This is done in different ways, in the form of two, three or more part streams, which flow through the main heat exchanger on at least one section.
  • the second mode of operation preferably none of the process streams of the distillation column system is subjected to cold compaction.
  • no rotating machines are used in the second mode of operation, which are not used in the first mode of operation.
  • the hardware outlay for variable operation is thus very low.
  • cold compression is meant here a gas compression process in which the gas is supplied to the compression at a temperature which is well below the ambient temperature, in particular below 240 K.
  • the method according to the invention can be carried out particularly efficiently. All the cold that is supplied via the liquid feed can be used to reduce the amount of turbine air. By correspondingly less air must be recompressed or by - in processes with compression of the total air to a high pressure - the total air is compressed to a much lower pressure.
  • the two booster can each have a separate aftercooler; Alternatively, their heat of compression is removed in a common aftercooler.
  • variable operation according to the invention can be applied not only to systems that are designed from the outset to such a variable operation. Rather, the invention also relates to a method for retrofitting an existing cryogenic air separation plant according to the claims 9 to 11.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé de production d'oxygène gazeux sous pression à consommation d'énergie variable par séparation cryogénique d'air dans un système de colonnes de distillation comprenant une colonne à haute pression (5) et une colonne à basse pression (6), procédé dans lequel
    - de l'air d'alimentation se présentant sous la forme d'un flux d'air total (1) est refroidit dans un échangeur de chaleur principal (3),
    - au moins une partie de l'air d'alimentation refroidi est introduite dans la colonne à haute pression (5),
    - un premier flux d'oxygène (35) provenant de la colonne à basse pression (6) est amené (36) à une pression élevée à l'état liquide,
    - le premier flux d'oxygène (37), amené à la pression élevée, est vaporisé ou pseudo-vaporisé et chauffé dans l'échangeur de chaleur principal (3),
    - le premier flux d'oxygène chauffé (38) est obtenu sous forme de produit oxygène gazeux sous pression,
    - un premier flux partiel (13) de l'air d'alimentation est amené, avant son entrée dans l'échangeur de chaleur principal (3), à une première pression élevée supérieure d'au moins 4 bars à la pression de fonctionnement de la colonne à haute pression (5),
    - le premier flux partiel est liquéfié ou pseudo-liquéfié au-dessous de la première pression élevée dans l'échangeur de chaleur principal (3), puis est introduit dans le système de colonne de distillation (14),
    - un deuxième flux partiel (16) de l'air d'alimentation est amené à une deuxième pression élevée (9, 10) qui est supérieure d'au moins 4 bars à la pression de fonctionnement de la colonne à haute pression (5),
    - le deuxième flux partiel dans l'échangeur de chaleur principal (3) n'est refroidi que jusqu'à une température intermédiaire,
    - le deuxième flux partiel (16) refroidi à la température intermédiaire est détendu (17) de manière à être opérationnel puis est introduit (4) dans le système de colonnes de distillation,
    - dans un premier mode de fonctionnement
    - une première quantité d'air totale est introduite dans l'échangeur de chaleur principal (3),
    - une première quantité de turbine est amenée comme deuxième flux partiel (16) à la détente opérationnelle,
    - et dans un deuxième mode de fonctionnement
    - une deuxième quantité d'air totale, inférieure à la première quantité d'air totale, est refroidie dans l'échangeur de chaleur principal (3), et
    - une deuxième quantité de turbine, inférieure à la première quantité de turbine, est amenée comme deuxième flux partiel à la détente opérationnelle (17),
    - et
    - le flux d'air total (1) est comprimé dans un compresseur d'air principal en amont de son refroidissement dans l'échangeur de chaleur principal (3),
    - dans le deuxième mode de fonctionnement, un deuxième flux d'oxygène (46) provenant d'une source externe à l'extérieur du système de colonnes de distillation est introduit à l'état liquide dans la colonne à basse pression (6), caractérisé en ce que
    - dans le premier mode de fonctionnement, les premier et deuxième flux partiels (13, 16) sont surcomprimés conjointement (8, 12) dans une paire de surpresseurs (9, 10) montés en parallèle.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'une au moins des conditions suivantes est remplie :
    - la deuxième quantité totale d'air est inférieure d'au moins 5 % en moles à la première quantité d'air totale,
    - une deuxième quantité de turbine est inférieure d'au moins 10 % en moles, en particulier d'au moins 30 % en moles, à la première quantité de turbine.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que
    - dans le premier mode de fonctionnement, un troisième flux d'oxygène provenant de la colonne à basse pression est retiré sous forme de produit liquide à la périphérie d'une première quantité d'oxygène liquide, et
    - dans le deuxième mode de fonctionnement, le troisième flux d'oxygène est retiré sous forme de produit liquide à la périphérie d'une deuxième quantité d'oxygène liquide qui est inférieure à la première quantité d'oxygène liquide,
    - la deuxième quantité d'oxygène liquide étant inférieure, notamment d'au moins 50 % en moles, en particulier de 100 %, à la première quantité d'oxygène liquide.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que, dans le deuxième mode de fonctionnement, aucun des flux de traitement du système de colonnes de distillation n'est soumis à une compression à froid.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième quantité de turbine est nulle.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les deux surpresseurs (9, 10) comporte un post-refroidisseur commun (11) ou comporte chacun un post-refroidisseur.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le flux d'air total comprend une première partie (2) et une deuxième partie (8), la deuxième partie (8) comprenant le premier flux partiel (13) et le deuxième flux partiel (16) et en particulier la première partie (2) étant introduite sans détente de turbine à l'état sensiblement gazeux dans le système de colonnes de distillation, en particulier dans la colonne à haute pression (5).
  8. Dispositif de génération d'oxygène gazeux sous pression à consommation d'énergie variable par séparation cryogénique de l'air, le dispositif comprenant
    - un système de colonnes de distillation comportant une colonne à haute pression (5) et une colonne à basse pression (6),
    - un échangeur de chaleur principal (3) destiné à refroidir l'air d'alimentation sous la forme d'un flux d'air total (1),
    - des moyens destinés à introduire au moins une partie de l'air d'alimentation refroidi dans la colonne à haute pression (5),
    - des moyens (36) destinés à amener un premier flux d'oxygène (35) provenant de la colonne à basse pression (6) à l'état liquide à une pression élevée,
    - des moyens destinés à évaporer ou pseudo-évaporer et chauffer le premier flux d'oxygène (37), amené à la pression élevée, dans l'échangeur de chaleur principal (3),
    - des moyens destinés à obtenir le premier flux d'oxygène chauffé (38) sous forme de produit oxygène gazeux sous pression,
    - des moyens (9, 10) destinés à amener un premier flux partiel (13) de l'air d'alimentation, avant son entrée dans l'échangeur de chaleur principal (3), à une première pression élevée supérieure d'au moins 4 bars à la pression de fonctionnement de la colonne à haute pression (5),
    - des moyens destinés à liquéfier ou pseudo-liquéfier le premier flux partiel au-dessous de la première pression élevée dans l'échangeur de chaleur principal (3),
    - des moyens (14) destinés à introduire le premier flux partiel (pseudo-)liquéfié dans le système de colonnes de distillation,
    - des moyens (9, 10) destinés à amener un deuxième flux partiel (16) de l'air d'alimentation à une deuxième pression élevée supérieure d'au moins 4 bars à la pression de fonctionnement de la colonne à haute pression (5),
    - des moyens destinés à retirer le deuxième flux partiel dans l'échangeur de chaleur principal (3) à une température intermédiaire,
    - des moyens (17) destinés à effectuer une détente opérationnelle du deuxième flux partiel (16) refroidi à la température intermédiaire,
    - des moyens (4) destinés à introduire le premier flux partiel détendu de manière opérationnelle dans le système de colonnes de distillation (4),
    - un compresseur d'air principal destiné à comprimer le flux d'air total (1) en amont de son refroidissement dans l'échangeur de chaleur principal (3),
    - un moyen destiné à introduire un deuxième flux d'oxygène (46) à l'état liquide provenant d'une source externe à l'extérieur du système de colonnes de distillation dans la colonne à basse pression (6)
    - un dispositif de régulation permettant de régler les paramètres de processus suivants :
    - dans un premier mode de fonctionnement
    - une première quantité d'air totale est introduite dans l'échangeur de chaleur principal (3),
    - une première quantité de turbine est amenée comme deuxième flux partiel (16) à la détente opérationnelle,
    - et dans un deuxième mode de fonctionnement
    - une deuxième quantité d'air totale, inférieure à la première quantité d'air totale, est refroidie dans l'échangeur de chaleur principal (3), et
    - une deuxième quantité de turbine, inférieure à la première quantité de turbine, est amenée comme deuxième flux partiel à la détente opérationnelle (17),
    - une quantité du deuxième flux d'oxygène, supérieure à la quantité du premier mode de fonctionnement, est amenée à l'état liquide à la colonne à basse pression (6), caractérisé par une paire de surpresseurs (9, 10) montés en parallèle et destinés à surcomprimer conjointement les premier et deuxième flux partiels (13, 16).
  9. Procédé d'équipement d'une installation de séparation d'air cryogénique pour le fonctionnement selon le procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que des moyens destinés à introduire le deuxième flux d'oxygène sont ajoutés à la colonne à basse pression.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que, outre les moyens d'introduction du deuxième flux d'oxygène dans la colonne à basse pression et éventuellement le surpresseur supplémentaire (10), aucune modification ou modification significative n'est apportée à l'installation de séparation cryogénique d'air.
EP14714174.1A 2013-03-28 2014-03-27 Procédé et dispositif permettant de produire avec une consommation d'énergie variable de l'oxygène sous pression sous forme gazeuse Active EP2979051B1 (fr)

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EP13001637 2013-03-28
PCT/EP2014/000832 WO2014154361A2 (fr) 2013-03-28 2014-03-27 Procédé et dispositif permettant de produire avec une consommation d'énergie variable de l'oxygène sous pression sous forme gazeuse
EP14714174.1A EP2979051B1 (fr) 2013-03-28 2014-03-27 Procédé et dispositif permettant de produire avec une consommation d'énergie variable de l'oxygène sous pression sous forme gazeuse

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EP3175191A1 (fr) * 2014-07-31 2017-06-07 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Obtention d'un produit pneumatique dans une installation de séparation de l'air équipée d'une unité d'accumulation de froid
EP3193114B1 (fr) * 2016-01-14 2019-08-21 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de production d'un produit d'air dans une installation de séparation d'air et installation de séparation d'air
US10281207B2 (en) * 2016-06-30 2019-05-07 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method for the production of air gases by the cryogenic separation of air with variable liquid production and power usage
US10281206B2 (en) * 2016-06-30 2019-05-07 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Apparatus for the production of air gases by the cryogenic separation of air with variable liquid production and power usage
CN109297258B (zh) * 2018-09-19 2020-04-28 北京科技大学 一种降低空分装置气体放散和管网压力的方法

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US20050132746A1 (en) 2003-12-23 2005-06-23 Jean-Renaud Brugerolle Cryogenic air separation process and apparatus
US20060010912A1 (en) 2004-07-14 2006-01-19 Jean-Renaud Brugerolle Low temperature air separation process for producing pressurized gaseous product
FR2913760A1 (fr) 2007-03-13 2008-09-19 Air Liquide Procede et appareil de production de gaz de l'air sous forme gazeuse et liquide a haute flexibilite par distillation cryogenique
WO2009021351A1 (fr) 2007-08-10 2009-02-19 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procédé et appareil pour la séparation de l'air par distillation cryogénique

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CN105143801A (zh) 2015-12-09
ES2746755T3 (es) 2020-03-06
US20160003536A1 (en) 2016-01-07
WO2014154361A3 (fr) 2014-12-11
EP2979051A2 (fr) 2016-02-03

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