EP2975324A1 - Système de combustion approprié pour une chaudière ou un dispositif de chauffage, en particulier une chaudière ou un réchauffeur à condensation - Google Patents

Système de combustion approprié pour une chaudière ou un dispositif de chauffage, en particulier une chaudière ou un réchauffeur à condensation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2975324A1
EP2975324A1 EP14382275.7A EP14382275A EP2975324A1 EP 2975324 A1 EP2975324 A1 EP 2975324A1 EP 14382275 A EP14382275 A EP 14382275A EP 2975324 A1 EP2975324 A1 EP 2975324A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion
burner
fuel
mix
combustion system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14382275.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Marco Boronat Elizalde
Kepa Gaztañaga Oyarbide
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Orkli SCL
Original Assignee
Orkli SCL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Orkli SCL filed Critical Orkli SCL
Priority to EP14382275.7A priority Critical patent/EP2975324A1/fr
Publication of EP2975324A1 publication Critical patent/EP2975324A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/60—Devices for simultaneous control of gas and combustion air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F23N1/027—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using mechanical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/00003—Fuel or fuel-air mixtures flow distribution devices upstream of the outlet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a combustion system suitable for a boiler or a heater, particularly a condensing boiler or heater.
  • Combustion systems suitable for water boilers or heaters comprising a pre-mix combustion device in which a fuel, preferably a gas fuel, is mixed with air driven by means of a fan before being fed to the corresponding burner, are known.
  • WO2008/066223A1 describes a combustion device of a boiler improving boiler modulation. It includes a fan, a proportion control valve for controlling gas supply, a plurality of nozzles connected in parallel to one another and to the valve and supplying gas according to the opening and closing of auxiliary valves, a pre-mix chamber for mixing the air with the gas before the burner and a control for controlling the number of rotations of the fan according to the opening and closing of the proportion control valve and auxiliary valves which allows supplying only the amount of air necessary for combustion.
  • WO2002/095294A1 describes a combustion system comprising a pre-mix combustion device receiving a fuel and air mixture, and a valve that opens or closes the passage of the mixture to the combustion device depending on the pressure of said fuel mixture.
  • the burner is fed with the gas mixture, combustion gases being obtained.
  • Said combustion gases are fed with secondary air in order to reduce the dew point of the obtained combustion gases.
  • EP2660515A2 describes a pre-mix combustion device the purpose of which is to extend the range of controllable combustion, including a regulating device which is arranged in a predetermined position in the gas mixture supply pipe to regulate the amount of mixture supplied to the burner.
  • the passage of the gas mixture is adjusted by means of a valve and a disc suitable for opening or closing the passage of gas according to the operation of the valve, the disc comprising a plurality of holes for the passage of the mixture.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a combustion system suitable for a boiler or a heater, particularly a condensing boiler or heater, as defined in the claims.
  • the combustion system of the invention comprises a fan, a pre-mix combustion device comprising a body demarcating a pre-mix chamber and an inlet for the entry of a fuel and gas mixture into the pre-mix chamber, and a burner with a combustion area that can be fed with the fuel and gas mixture from the pre-mix chamber.
  • the pre-mix combustion device comprises separating means which, when actuated by the fan, change the combustion area of the burner that is fed with the fuel and gas mixture.
  • the separating means can be moved between a minimum power position of the burner, in which the separating means divide the pre-mix chamber limiting the access of the fuel and air mixture to a first part of the combustion area of the burner, and a maximum power position of the burner, in which the separating means are arranged such that the fuel and air mixture can access the entire combustion area of the burner.
  • a combustion system which allows easy regulation with a simple mechanism is obtained. Furthermore, the obtained combustion system allows working in a low power range, less than other conventional combustion systems, without the fan working unstably, and in a high power range with a pressure drop less than that of conventional systems.
  • the combustion area receiving the fuel and air mixture can be regulated, greater control is obtained over the flashback effect that occurs when the speed of the fuel and gas mixture is not sufficient to compensate for the flame speed; the combustion system becomes unstable and the generated flame seeps through the burner towards the pre-mix chamber.
  • FIG. 1 shows a boiler 1 comprised in an embodiment of a combustion system according to the invention, particularly a condensing boiler for producing hot water.
  • the combustion system comprises a fan 5, a pre-mix combustion device 3, comprising a body 11 demarcating a pre-mix chamber 12 and an inlet 14 for the entry of a fuel and gas mixture into the pre-mix chamber 12, and a burner 10 with a combustion area 19 that can be fed with the fuel and gas mixture from the pre-mix chamber 12.
  • the combustion system further comprises a fuel and air mixture supply pipe 4 connected to the fan 5, through which an air and fuel mixture enters the fan 5, said mixture being driven towards the pre-mix combustion device 3 by said fan 5.
  • the driven mixture is conducted through an inlet pipe 6 communicated with the inlet of the pre-mix combustion device 3, thus entering the pre-mix chamber 12.
  • the boiler 1 comprises a body 2 housing the combustion system. It further comprises an exchanger (not depicted in the drawings) housed in the body 2, in which the heat exchange occurs between the generated combustion gases and a primary hydraulic circuit 7 through which the water to be heated circulates, and a combustion gas outlet pipe 8 arranged upstream of the exchanger.
  • the burner 10 and the exchanger are known in the state of the art, so it is not considered necessary to describe them in detail.
  • the homogenization of the gas and air mixture entering said pre-mix chamber 12 can be carried out in the pre-mix chamber 12 of the pre-mix combustion device 3.
  • the body 11 of the pre-mix combustion device 3 has a substantially rectangular geometry.
  • the fuel and air mixture driven by the fan 5 enters the pre-mix chamber 12 substantially from a bottom 11 b of the body 11.
  • the inlet 14 of the fuel and air mixture is arranged at one end of the bottom 11 b.
  • the pre-mix combustion device 3 comprises separating means 15 regulating access of the gas mixture and air entering the burner 10, i.e., they regulate the combustion area 19 of said burner 10.
  • the separating means 15 are mechanical means that can be actuated by the fan 5, particularly said separating means 15 can be actuated by the fuel and air mixture driven by the fan 5.
  • said separating means 15 change the combustion area 19 of the burner 10 that is fed with said fuel and gas mixture, said separating means moving between a minimum power position of the burner 10, shown in Figure 2 , in which the separating means 15 divide the pre-mix chamber 12 into two sub-chambers 12a and 12b limiting the access of the fuel and air mixture to a first part 18 of the combustion area 19 of the burner 10, and a maximum power position of the burner 10, shown in Figure 3 , in which the separating means 15 are arranged such that the fuel and air mixture can access the entire combustion area 19.
  • the first part 18 of the combustion area 19 is arranged on the inlet 14. Said first part 18 is the part of the combustion area 19 close to the inlet 14. Furthermore, said first part 18 is arranged facing an ionization sensor 20 of the combustion system, as schematically shown in Figure 2 , said ionization sensor 20 detecting the flame of the burner 10.
  • the combustion system according to the invention allows detecting an ionization signal at a low power while at the same time prevents the flame generated in the burner 10 at a high power from being too tall, which is not possible in conventional combustion systems.
  • the power density under the ionization sensor 20 is sufficient to prevent the ionization signal detected by the sensor 20 from dropping excessively, like what occurs in conventional combustion systems.
  • the combustion system according to the invention has modulation levels (i.e., maximum/minimum power ratios) in which it can work without instability which are greater than the typical values of 5:1.
  • the first part 18 of the combustion area 19 has an area density sufficient for preventing a delayed flame from being produced in the burner 10.
  • sufficient area density is achieved by making the combustion area smaller, which generates high pressure drops when the combustion system operates at high power.
  • Said separating means 15 comprise a shaft 17 supported in the body 11 of the pre-mix combustion device 3 and a separating element 16 coupled to the shaft 17.
  • the shaft 17 goes through the pre-mix chamber 12 transversely and the separating element 16 is longitudinally fixed on the shaft 17 such that in the minimum power position, the separating element 16 divides the pre-mix chamber 12 into two sub-chambers 12a and 12b.
  • the shaft 17 is arranged a distance from the bottom 11 b of the body pre-mix 11 which is less than half the total height of the pre-mix chamber 12.
  • the separating element 16 operates as a rocker arm, being rotatable between the minimum power position of the burner 10 shown in Figure 2 , in which the separating element 16 is arranged substantially vertical, dividing the pre-mix chamber 12 into two sub-chambers 12a and 12b, and the maximum power position of the burner 10 shown in Figure 3 , in which the separating element 16 does not perform its function of dividing the pre-mix chamber 12 and regulating the combustion area of the burner 10.
  • the separating element 16 is a fin.
  • the fuel and air mixture enter the first sub-chamber 12a through the inlet 14 of the pre-mix combustion device 3 directly accessing the first part 18 of the combustion area 19 of the burner 10. Virtually the entire mixture enters the burner 10 through the first part 18 of the combustion area 19.
  • the first part 18 has an area X of about 50% of the combustion area 19, providing power in the burner 10 up to about 50% of the maximum power. In a preferred embodiment, said area X is about 30%, providing power in the burner 10 of up to about 30% of the maximum power.
  • the fuel and air mixture enters the pre-mix chamber 11 through the inlet 14 of the pre-mix combustion device 3, taking up the entire volume of the pre-mix chamber 12 since the mixture itself pushes the separating element 16 such that it directly accesses the entire combustion area 19 and not only the first part 18.
  • the flames generated in the burner 10 at high frequency are thus prevented from being too tall.
  • the fan 5 regulates the position of the separating element 16 and therefore regulates the combustion area of the burner 10.
  • the control means control the fan 5, assuring that said fan 5 operates at a lower frequency such that the fuel and air mixture driven by said fan 5 does not cause the rotation of the separating element 16 in the pre-mix combustion device 3, the separating element 16 being kept substantially vertical, in the minimum power position shown in Figure 2 , and only the first part 18 of the combustion area 19 is fed with the fuel and gas mixture.
  • the ionization sensor 20 is capable of detecting the flame generated in the burner 10.
  • the control means act on the fan 5 so that it operates at a higher frequency such that said fan 5 drives the fuel and air mixture pushing the separating element 16, moving it from the minimum power position.
  • the separating element 16 would have almost no influence on the fuel and air mixture, and the flame generated in the burner 10 would tend to be the same in the entire combustion area 19.
  • the separating element 15 swivels between the maximum power position and the minimum power position depending on the power at which the fan 5 operates for the purpose of regulating the power at which the boiler 1 works, such that the combustion area X of the burner 10 that is fed by the fuel and air mixture gradually becomes smaller or larger, and a combustion system with a variable and adjustable pressure drop is therefore obtained.
  • Figure 4 shows the performance of two combustion systems comparing pressure drop (depicted in the x-axis) to fan 5 power (depicted in the y-axis).
  • Curve I corresponds to the performance of a conventional combustion system
  • curve II corresponds to the performance of a combustion system according to the invention.
  • the burner in order to obtain a performance similar to that of a combustion system according to the invention at low fan frequencies, the burner must be smaller, i.e., it must have a smaller combustion surface, otherwise the fan would have to work at lower frequencies than in the case of the combustion system according to the invention, causing the fan to operate unstably.
  • pressure drops increase so a higher powered fan would be needed to obtain maximum power in the burner.
  • the separating means 15 prevent curve II from experiencing exponential growth, as occurs in the case of conventional combustion systems depicted by curve I, the combustion area X becoming larger at higher power and pressure drops therefore being smaller.
EP14382275.7A 2014-07-15 2014-07-15 Système de combustion approprié pour une chaudière ou un dispositif de chauffage, en particulier une chaudière ou un réchauffeur à condensation Withdrawn EP2975324A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14382275.7A EP2975324A1 (fr) 2014-07-15 2014-07-15 Système de combustion approprié pour une chaudière ou un dispositif de chauffage, en particulier une chaudière ou un réchauffeur à condensation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14382275.7A EP2975324A1 (fr) 2014-07-15 2014-07-15 Système de combustion approprié pour une chaudière ou un dispositif de chauffage, en particulier une chaudière ou un réchauffeur à condensation

Publications (1)

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EP2975324A1 true EP2975324A1 (fr) 2016-01-20

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EP14382275.7A Withdrawn EP2975324A1 (fr) 2014-07-15 2014-07-15 Système de combustion approprié pour une chaudière ou un dispositif de chauffage, en particulier une chaudière ou un réchauffeur à condensation

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0339499A2 (fr) * 1988-04-28 1989-11-02 Joh. Vaillant GmbH u. Co. Dispositif de surveillance du fonctionnement de la plaque de brûleur d'un brûleur à panneaux
DE19728965A1 (de) * 1996-07-01 1998-01-15 Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co Vormischender Gasbrenner
DE19635974A1 (de) * 1996-09-05 1998-03-12 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co Kg Gas/Luft-Mischsystem für Gasheizgeräte
WO2002095294A1 (fr) 2001-05-18 2002-11-28 Furigas Assen B.V. Bruleurs a gaz a premelange sans condensation
WO2008066223A1 (fr) 2006-12-01 2008-06-05 Kyungdong Navien Co., Ltd. Appareil de combustion pour une chaudière à gaz
US20130284115A1 (en) * 2012-04-30 2013-10-31 Daesung Industrial Co., Ltd. Premix combustion device of gas burner

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0339499A2 (fr) * 1988-04-28 1989-11-02 Joh. Vaillant GmbH u. Co. Dispositif de surveillance du fonctionnement de la plaque de brûleur d'un brûleur à panneaux
DE19728965A1 (de) * 1996-07-01 1998-01-15 Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co Vormischender Gasbrenner
DE19635974A1 (de) * 1996-09-05 1998-03-12 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co Kg Gas/Luft-Mischsystem für Gasheizgeräte
WO2002095294A1 (fr) 2001-05-18 2002-11-28 Furigas Assen B.V. Bruleurs a gaz a premelange sans condensation
WO2008066223A1 (fr) 2006-12-01 2008-06-05 Kyungdong Navien Co., Ltd. Appareil de combustion pour une chaudière à gaz
US20130284115A1 (en) * 2012-04-30 2013-10-31 Daesung Industrial Co., Ltd. Premix combustion device of gas burner
EP2660515A2 (fr) 2012-04-30 2013-11-06 Daesung Industrial Co., Ltd. Dispositif de combustion de prémélange de brûleur à gaz

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