EP2975196B1 - Wall element and combination of wall element and lifting means - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a wall element according to the preamble of claim 1 and a combination of a load-receiving means and a wall element according to claim 9.

The term "manipulation" should be understood here as the transport, erection and general handling of, for example, precast concrete parts, in particular of multi-layer walls by means of transport anchor systems.

A component in the sense of the invention is therefore quite generally a multi-shell planar component which has at least two spaced-apart layers of building materials - usually concrete -. These two layers are usually connected to one another by means of connecting means, for example in the form of spacers, which can be designed in a wide variety of designs.

Special precautions must be taken in manipulating for engaging the load handler on the lifting anchors at various angles of inclination.

A variety of documents describe such devices.

In AT PS 349715 An erection and transport anchor for embedding in precast concrete elements is shown and described. An anchor in the manner of a flat steel fitting with a rectangular cross-section is cast in the precast concrete part so that the point of application for the coupling head of the load receiver is moved into the precast concrete part. This is to avoid a selective pressure stress of the precast concrete in the critical area.

In the DE 103 51 487 A1 For example, an apparatus and method for transporting a wall component are shown and described. The wall component is a so-called double wall. Such a wall component can for example be produced in a factory and transported to a construction site. There, several elements can be placed side by side and thereby connected to each other, that in-situ in-situ concrete is introduced. In general, a wall component comprises two concrete layers. However, it is also conceivable that a wall element has a concrete layer and a further layer spaced therefrom, which is not made of concrete, but for example comprises an insulating layer, wherein the two wall layers are interconnected by spacers. The proposed there device for transporting the wall component consists of several independent components, two of which are anchored respectively in the end faces of the two wall layers. The device shown there should not have an adverse effect on the thermal insulation of the wall component.

A spacer with support armature function is in the DE 200 08 530 U1 shown and described. The spacer described there for a concrete cavity element is designed as a one-piece doppelkonisch formed spacer bar, one end of which has a mounting plate and the other end supporting cam. The spacer rod tapers towards the middle, creating a receptacle for a crane hook. The spacer described therein is designed as a multi-functional element on the one hand serves as a spacer, on the other hand as a receptacle for a crane hook and also creates an anchorage for prefabricated components.

From the FR 2 948 139 A1 is a wall element for the construction of structures known, in which a rope in the layer elements is concreted in, wherein the rope is positioned within the layer elements via brackets.

This document discloses all the technical features of the preamble of claim 1.

From the DE 199 46 320 A1 is a wall element with spaced-apart layer elements known, wherein the layer elements are connected to each other via steel pipes, which can attack a hoist.

From the EP 0 872 609 A2 a method for producing multi-walled walls is known, in which the outer shells are bricked up of bricks, wherein the outer shells or rows of bricks are connected by spacer tubes which are inserted through pre-drilled holes with each other. Through the spacer tubes transport bolts can be inserted, which can attack conveyor belts.

The present invention is based on the object to provide devices for manipulating multi-layered sheet-like components, which do not have the disadvantages of the prior art. Rather, they should combine as many of the following properties as possible: preservation of the thermal insulation of double walls; Use for different wall thicknesses; Standardization of as many individual elements as possible; easy installation in the factory; no rework during installation; Reusability; Repatriation possibility; Rotatability of the wall elements during manipulation and load application from different angles.

This object is achieved by a wall element according to claim 1 and a combination of a load-receiving means and a wall element solved with the features of claim 9. Advantageous embodiments can be found in the dependent claims.

The particular advantages of the device according to the invention lie in its simple structure, the problem-free handling, the cost-effective manufacturability and in the reusability of the detachable components. Since the respectively associated or cooperating load-bearing moldings are spaced apart, there is no undesirable thermal bridge. The load-bearing moldings are separable or spaced from each other. However, a particular existing for assembly purposes connection should keep any heat transfer between the opposite moldings as low as possible and may optionally be removable.

According to the invention, the shaped parts are designed as cylindrical blind holes in the inner sides of the layer elements or as spherical blind holes in the inner sides of the layer elements.

A device is also advantageous if the formations are designed such that they are suitable for arresting the load receiving means by means of guide surfaces.

Furthermore, a transport anchor for use in one of the above devices is advantageous if the transport anchors for different wall thicknesses and / or different distances of the layer elements are standardized and free of reworking in the layer elements can be introduced.

In addition, a combination of a load-receiving means and a wall element is advantageous, wherein a load-receiving means for manipulating multi-walled sheet-like wall elements is present, wherein the load-receiving means molded parts has, which correspond to the shaped parts of the lifting anchors on the layer elements and in the blind holes inserted and from these are removable again.

In addition, it may be favorable if the molded parts of the load-receiving means are reusable.

With the aid of exemplary embodiments, the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

• Fig. 1 stark schematisiert eine Schrägansicht eines nicht unter den Schutzbereich der Ansprüche fallenden Wandelements am Haken eines nicht dargestellten Krans;
• Fig. 2 eine ebenfalls nicht unter den Schutzbereich der Ansprüche fallende Baugruppe mit Transportankern gemäß Fig. 1 im Montagezustand;
• Fig. 3 Details eines Transportankers in sacklochartigen Ausformung mit passendem Lastaufnehmer;
• Fig. 4 Details eines Transportankers in balliger Ausformung mit passendem Lastaufnehmer;
• Fig.5 einen Lastaufnehmer für ballige Ausformungen in der Einführungsphase; und
• Fig. 6 den Lastaufnehmer gemäß Fig. 5 im eingerasteten, transportbereiten Zustand.

It shows:

• Fig. 1 highly schematic an oblique view of a not falling under the scope of the claims wall element on the hook of a crane, not shown;
• Fig. 2 a likewise not covered by the scope of the claims assembly with lifting anchors according to Fig. 1 in the assembled state;
• Fig. 3 Details of a transport anchor in blind-hole-like shape with matching load receiver;
• Fig. 4 Details of a transport anchor in spherical shape with matching load receiver;
• Figure 5 a load receiver for crowned formations in the introduction phase; and
• Fig. 6 according to the load receiver Fig. 5 in the locked, transport ready state.

In the Fig. 1 a wall element 1 is shown on the hook 2 of a crane, not shown. The illustration illustrates a non-inventive device for manipulating multi-layered sheet-like components in the form of a wall element 1 for the construction of structures. For this purpose, at least two substantially parallel spaced apart layer elements 3 and 4 are required, each having inner 5 and outer sides 6. Inner sides 5 and outer sides 6 are to be understood as meaning the large-area boundary sides, and not the narrow surfaces, which are referred to as end faces 7. The layer elements 3 and 4 are interconnected by spacers 8. The layer elements 3 and 4 have a transport anchor, which is arranged in the form of moldings 9 on their inner surfaces 5, and which are connected to load-receiving means 10 for manipulating a wall element 1, which here represents a double wall. The transport anchor is designed in the form of separate or spaced-apart moldings 9 in the manner of cylindrical bushings which - separated but exactly aligned and lying on a common axis - are arranged on the inner sides 5 of the wall element 1. But they can also be formed as molded parts in a different construction on or in the outer sides of a wall element 1. It is crucial that between the load receiving means 10 and the mold parts 9 of the lifting anchor an operative connection can be produced, as will be explained with reference to the other figures.

In Fig. 2 is a not inventive assembly 15 with a lifting anchor represents, which illustrates the assembly in the initial phase of the production of a wall element 1. The assembly 15 comprises two mold parts 9, which form the lifting anchor and are connected at a predetermined distance by means of a sleeve 16 exactly aligned with each other. The sleeve 16 for receiving the mold parts 9 has at its two ends an inner diameter which is exactly matched to the outer diameter of the mold parts 9. attacks 17 inside the sleeve 16 determine the axial position, ie the exact distance of the mold parts 9 to each other. The length of the sleeve 16 and the distance of the stops from each other are matched to the desired wall thickness of the wall element 1. This means that different cuffs are used for different wall thicknesses, while the moldings 9 always have the same dimensions for all wall thicknesses. Standardization of the components is the advantageous consequence of this design. The sleeve 16 is either made of insulating material or can be removed after completion of the wall element 1.

Both moldings 9 may be provided on their outer sides 6 of the layer elements 3 and 4 facing ends with anchoring elements 18 (only shown in a molded part 9). Furthermore, spacers 19 can be provided, with the aid of which the molded parts 9 can be positioned at a predetermined distance from the outer sides 6 of the layer elements 3 and 4. In the sketch according to Fig. 2 the baseline should represent the surface of a formwork 20. The assembly 15 is positioned in the production of a wall element 1 on the formwork surface 20, while the plane of the optionally present reinforcement 21 is penetrated. Subsequently, concrete 22 or another curable casting material is poured into the formwork and their solidification is awaited. Thereafter, the solidified layer element 3 is turned in a conventional manner, positioned above another formwork and lowered to the extent of filling the second formwork that the attached to the second mold part 9 anchoring elements and spacers together with a portion of the molded part 9 in the still immerse non-solidified casting compound of the second formwork. The distance of the first layer element 3 from the second formwork determines the later wall thickness of the wall element 1.

In Fig. 3 a device according to the invention is shown. This assembly 23 consists essentially of two cylindrical caps 24 which are interconnected by webs 25. By the webs 25, the position of the caps 24 to each other and thus the desired wall thickness of the wall element 1 is determined. The associated with the webs 25 caps 24 are similarly used in the layer elements 3 and 4, as to Fig. 2 already described. The caps 24 are flush with the inner sides 5 of the layer elements 3 and 4 and form a lifting anchor in the context of the present invention.

The load-receiving means 10 is designed in this variant as a sleeve 27 with spring-loaded pin 28. The spring-loaded pin 28 has a wedge-shaped web 29 which cooperates with a pivotable lever 30 such that the pin 28 is displaceable against the force of the spring 31 in its longitudinal direction. The lever 30 is equipped with an eyelet 32, which is engaged by the hook 2 of a crane. In order to facilitate the insertion of the load-receiving means 10, the webs 25 act as guide rails for the sleeve 27, wherein the webs 25 could be removed after installation. The webs 25 are preferably poor heat conductors. Due to the possibility of removing the webs 25, the caps 24 as moldings in the context of the invention are separable from each other.

After the load receiving means 10 has been introduced into the space 12 of the two layer elements 3 and 4 according to the preceding figures and the fixed part of the sleeve 27 has been inserted into one of the blind holes 26 in the caps 24, the hook 2 of the crane is hooked into the eyelet 32. As soon as the crane initiates the lifting movement, the eyelet 32 pivots about its axis of rotation 33 and the lever 30 attached thereto slides over the wedge-shaped one Ridge 29, the bolt 28 in the still free blind hole 26 in one of the layer elements 3 or 4. The assembly 23 is formed by the length of its webs 25 for the desired wall thickness, the load-bearing means 10 according to the above design, however, is universal and reusable. Due to the rotationally symmetrical design of the caps 24, no strains occur when the wall element 1 to be transported is displaced, since the load receiving means 10 can rotate with its sleeve 27 in the caps 24.

In Fig. 4 a further device according to the invention is shown. In the inner sides 5 of two layer elements 3 and 4 of the transport anchor is incorporated in the form of spherical formations 34. The formations 34 are located between the reinforcing elements 35 within the layer elements 3 and 4 and can be realized for better and more precise assembly by means of inserts 36, which are similarly inserted into the layer elements 3 and 4, as already described in the preceding embodiments, and which may also be molded parts within the meaning of the invention. Even if no inserts 36 or the like are inserted into the layer elements 3, 4, the formations 34 therefore represent only recesses in the concrete itself, these forms apply in the context of the present invention as moldings. Due to the convex configuration of the formations 34 or inserts of the rotational degree of freedom compared to the above-described solutions is further improved. The load-receiving means 10 is realized here in the manner of a forceps 37 which is inserted between the inner sides 5 of the layer elements 3 and 4 and placed in the formations 34. For better absorption of the wall element 1 37 also spherical moldings 39 are attached to the legs 38 of the forceps, which correspond to the spherical formations 34 in size and shape. At the beginning of load absorption, the forceps 37 spreads and the legs 38 are with their convex molded parts 39 are pressed into the spherical formations 34, so that a sufficient positive engagement for transporting the wall element 1 comes about. The rotationally required degrees of freedom remain the same as in the embodiments already presented. Thus, the forceps 37 can be easily inserted between the inner sides 5 of the wall element 1, locking elements 40 are provided with the aid of the forceps 37 can be locked for insertion.

Another device according to the invention is in the Fig. 5 and 6 shown. In the inner sides 5 of the layer elements 3 and 4 formations 41 are incorporated or fitted by appropriate inserts, wherein at least in one of the layer elements 3 additional form slopes 42 are provided which allow threading a tiltable load-receiving means 10 in the form of a pivoting body 43. The swivel body 43 is mounted pivotably about a transverse axis 44 at a free end 45 of the load-receiving means 10. For insertion of the pivoting body 43 in the intermediate space 12 of the wall element 1 whose longitudinal axis is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the free end 45 of the load receiving means 10. After the insertion process, the lifting movement of the load receiving means 10 is initiated and the pivoting body 43 wraps around its transverse axis 44 pivotally to the draft 42 on the inside 5 of the layer element 3 at. As the lifting movement progresses, the pivoting body 43 is completely transverse and lies exactly in the formations 41, which take over the task of a transport anchor. In this case, a pin 46 engages in a recess 47, which is located at the bottom of the molding 41. Due to the rotationally symmetrical design of the formations 41 and the pivot body 43 necessary for a safe transport degrees of freedom are also given in this embodiment. The latched in the recess 47 pin 46 blocks the unwanted release of the connection. For targeted release the connection, the pin 46 is moved back into the pivoting body 43, for example by a remote-triggered electromagnetic pulse. Subsequently, the load-receiving means 10 can be let down into the gap 12, the pivot body 43 is rotated about its transverse axis 44 and slides on the draft 42 in a position parallel to the longitudinal axis of the load receiving means 10 and can be removed from the gap 12.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

wall element

2

hook

3

layer element

4

layer element

5

insides

6

outsides

7

front sides

8th

spacer

9

molding

10

Load handling devices

11

half shell

12

gap

13

-

14

-

15

module

16

cuff

17

attacks

18

anchoring elements

19

spacer

20

formwork surface

21

reinforcement

22

concrete

23

module

24

cut

25

Stege

26

blind holes

27

shell

28

bolt

29

wedge-shaped footbridge

30

lever

31

feather

32

eyelet

33

axis of rotation

34

formation

35

reinforcing elements

36

Calls

37

tongs

38

leg

39

moldings

40

locking elements

41

formations

42

of draft

43

pivoting body

44

transverse axis

45

free end of the load carrier

46

pen

47

recess

Claims (14)

1. Wall element for the construction of structural installations, comprising at least two layer elements (3, 4) which are spaced apart from each other in a substantially parallel manner, which each have inner (5) and outer sides (6) and which are connected to each other by spacers (8), wherein the layer elements (3, 4) comprise transport anchors which can be connected to load-receiving means (10) for manipulating the components, wherein at least two mutually separable or spaced-apart shaped parts (24, 26, 34, 36, 41) are present as transport anchors, which are arranged on and/or in the inner (5) and/or outer sides (6) of the components (1), characterized in that the transport anchors are cylindrical or spherical cavities (24, 26, 34, 36, 41) formed as blind holes in the inner sides (5) of the layer elements (3, 4), and that the load-receiving means (10) can be inserted into the blind holes and be removed therefrom.
2. Wall element according to claim 1, characterized in that the transport anchors comprise rotationally symmetrical shaped parts (24, 26, 34, 36, 41).
3. Wall element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the shaped parts comprise cylindrical caps (24) which are arranged in the inner sides (5) of the layer elements (3, 4) .
4. Wall element according to claim 3, characterized in that the shaped parts (24, 26, 34, 41) have anchoring elements (18) and/or spacers (19).
5. Wall element according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the shaped parts (24) are connected to each other in a precisely aligned and optionally separable manner at a predetermined distance as a subassembly (23) with the aid of webs (25) which optionally consist of an insulating material and/or are removable.
6. Wall element according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the shaped parts (24, 26, 34, 36, 41) penetrate the plane of an optionally provided reinforcement (21, 35).
7. Wall element according to one of the claims 1, 2 or 4 to 6, characterized in that the shaped parts have spherical inserts (34) which are arranged in the inner sides (5) of the layer elements (3, 4).
8. Wall element according to claim 7, characterized in that the cavities (41) have guide surfaces (42), which are designed so as to receive the load-receiving means (10, 43) in an arresting manner.
9. Combination of a wall element according to one of claims 1 to 8 and a load-receiving means for manipulating the multi-layered, flat wall elements for the production of building structures, wherein the load-receiving means is connectable to a lifting device such as a crane, for lifting or transporting the multi-layered, flat component and wherein the load-receiving means (10) comprises shaped parts (27, 28, 39, 43) which correspond to the shaped parts (24, 34, 36, 41) of the transport anchors on the layer elements (3, 4) and can be inserted into the blind holes and be removed therefrom.
10. Combination according to claim 9, characterized in that the load-receiving means (10) correspond to the shaped parts (24, 26, 34, 36, 41) by means of a form-fitting connection.
11. Combination according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the shaped parts (27, 28, 39, 43) thereof are reusable and/or exchangeable according to the different spacings of the layer elements (3, 4).
12. Combination according to one of the claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the load-receiving means (10) is a sleeve (27) with a spring-loaded pin (28) which has a wedge-shaped web (29) which interacts with a pivotable lever (30) in such a way that the pin (28) is displaceable against the force of the spring (31) in its longitudinal orientation, and that the lever (30) is provided with an eyelet (32) on which the hook (2) of a crane engages.
13. Combination according to one of the claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the load-receiving means (10) is an expandable forceps (37) which can be inserted between the inner sides (5) of the layer elements (3, 4) and can be placed in the cavities (34), and that spherical shaped parts (39) are arranged on the legs (38) of the forceps (37), which shaped parts correspond to the spherical cavities (34) with respect to their size and shape.
14. Combination according to one of the claims 9 to 11, characterized by a tiltable load-receiving means (10) in the form of a pivoting body (43) which is pivoted about a transverse axis (44) at a free end (45) of the load-receiving means (10) and rests with exact fit in the shaped parts (41).

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