EP2975183B1 - Method and system for water pressure regulation or control in a pressure zone - Google Patents

Method and system for water pressure regulation or control in a pressure zone Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2975183B1
EP2975183B1 EP15002566.6A EP15002566A EP2975183B1 EP 2975183 B1 EP2975183 B1 EP 2975183B1 EP 15002566 A EP15002566 A EP 15002566A EP 2975183 B1 EP2975183 B1 EP 2975183B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
pressure
water
removal
computer system
supply pressure
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EP15002566.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2975183A1 (en
Inventor
Enrico GÖTSCH
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Wilo Industriesysteme GmbH
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Wilo Industriesysteme GmbH
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03BINSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B5/00Use of pumping plants or installations; Layouts thereof
    • E03B5/02Use of pumping plants or installations; Layouts thereof arranged in buildings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/02Stopping, starting, unloading or idling control
    • F04B49/022Stopping, starting, unloading or idling control by means of pressure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B2203/00Motor parameters
    • F04B2203/02Motor parameters of rotating electric motors
    • F04B2203/0209Rotational speed
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B2205/00Fluid parameters
    • F04B2205/05Pressure after the pump outlet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a computer system which is programmed for water pressure regulation or control in a pressure zone.
  • a computer system which is programmed for water pressure regulation or control in a pressure zone.
  • the maximum water pressure be applied to service water consumers such as e.g. Extinguishing water wall hydrants or sprinklers for safety or economic reasons is limited.
  • the first type of the prior art requires - due to the provision of multiple risers and booster pumps - a high material and technical effort, if predetermined maximum pressures are not to be exceeded, which makes such versions very expensive.
  • the second type is that the pressure regulator and / or pressure reducing valves are very sensitive and therefore can jeopardize the water supply. Their use in extinguishing water is therefore very controversial and should be avoided (see also DIN 1988).
  • the pump must generate a supply pressure of eg 15 bar in order to achieve the required 4.5 bar on the 30th floor. If, on the other hand, a hydrant is actuated in the underground car park, the pump merely has to produce a supply pressure of, for example, 5 bar in order to achieve the same flow pressure there.
  • the corresponding values are stored and, in the case of tripping on a certain floor, only have to be for this floor be queried. Practically, this is realized, for example, by means of variable-speed pumps, for example pumps with a frequency-controlled three-phase drive.
  • the new supply pressure is set to the value which is most permissible for this further removal station.
  • the setting of the new supply pressure is thus carried out in this case, approximately at the lowest for the removal station at which an error is detected, the maximum allowable supply pressure setpoint. So if a fault in the 50th floor, then in the 4th floor and then in the 3rd-th floor - each without prior detection of any water withdrawal in any floor - detected, and is the desired flow pressure in each floor 4.5 bar, the supply pressure according to the invention is adjusted so that it on the 3rd-th floor a flow pressure of 4.5 bar - and on the floors above correspondingly less - results.
  • the extinguishing water system can be operated so that when entering the fire event in the parking garage, the speed setpoint for the pump drive is set so that the pump then only one pressure (supply pressure) generated at the only 8 bar Flow pressure instead of 15 bar flow pressure in the underground car park. It is deliberately accepted that while the flow pressure for fire fighting in higher floors decreases. The location of the subsequent removal of water has priority over that of the previous water withdrawal, since in practice it can be assumed that the firefighting in the meantime relocates from the former to the later water extraction location has, where now the safety of the fire fighting by a readjustment of the water pressure is to be ensured
  • a predictive water pressure setting due to fault detection ensures the method of the present invention by the water pressure for the water sampling is set here, which corresponds to the first detected error, since it is assumed that there - or at least close to it - a possible source of fire and here most likely with a subsequent firefighting, ie Water withdrawal is expected.
  • the speed specification for the pump drive can be carried out so that the characteristic of the pump - deposited about in the memory of the computer system used for carrying out the invention - and thus the associated speed is determined for each supply nominal pressure.
  • the supply pressure ie the pressure generated by the pump in the pressure zone
  • the supply pressure can also be measured by means of a pressure sensor and approximately the speed setpoint of the pump drive can be used as a control variable for the water pressure to be set.
  • the adjustment of the supply pressure is not only based on the geodetic height, but also in dependence on pipe friction losses, which can be done for example by appropriate calibration of the water distribution system and taking into account the values found in the stored for each floor supply pressure values.
  • the detection of water removal at one of the water removal stations can be done in different ways, such as by means of a measuring element that triggers a manual tapping a water tap or by a measuring element that triggers when reaching and / or exceeding a certain water volume flow. Also, the detection of a fault at the water removal station, ie of the water removal station associated respective measuring element, so about one of a short circuit or cable break can be done so, for example by the use of openers instead of normally open.
  • the speed control or speed control of the pump (more precisely, the pump drive), as conventionally, by means of a regulated - preferably brushless - DC drive drive as a pump drive.
  • a frequency-controlled three-phase drive as a pump drive.
  • the adjustment of the supply pressure in the event that this should be a pressure reduction (at least) be done by an actuator or control element, preferably a water drain valve opened or operated as long as a pressure reduction pump for pressure reduction until the new supply pressure is reached or fallen below.
  • an actuator or control element preferably a water drain valve opened or operated as long as a pressure reduction pump for pressure reduction until the new supply pressure is reached or fallen below.
  • the supply pressure is set to the desired value which corresponds to the maximum permissible supply pressure of all sampling stations in the pressure zone (FIG. thus usually the highest permissible supply pressure for the highest located sampling station).
  • the supply pressure in the pressure zone will be 20.5 bar after the detection of all detections on all floors - fault detections as well as water withdrawal detections Ready pressure set so that in the worst case, so as a fire in the 20th-th floor there is immediately sufficient flow pressure at the sampling point available.
  • the invention described here can in cases where a particularly long riser - is used - such as in large skyscrapers - become problematic, since then prevailing in the riser pressure due to the water column is quite high for the lower parts of the line. In this case, it is then difficult by means of a drain valve quickly to provide for the pressure reduction of the supply pressure in the pipe, which is required to reach the maximum permissible flow pressure, since the reduction of the water column - at least when using drain valves which are reasonable in terms of cost - may take a while, which may be the case for the lower areas is long. In conventional systems, which work with multiple pressure zones, this problem does not occur in principle, since here a division of the building into different pressure zones takes place, the individual risers are limited in each case from the height.
  • a pressure reducing device for carrying out the method according to the invention, which is designed so that a water supply pipe, so as the riser at least one check valve which opens in upward flow direction of the water from the water pressure source to the water outlet point and in Turning direction thereby almost only closes because it has an opening which is designed so that the water can thereby pass through in the opposite direction to the aforementioned flow direction due to gravity, so as to - seen in the upflow direction - behind the check valve region of the water supply pipe when closing the check valve free from the pressure that goes beyond the pressure caused by gravity pressure.
  • a small, preferably round hole in the valve of preferably not more than 10 mm, more preferably not more than 5 mm diameter, that serves for a gravity caused by the return flow of water for the purpose of very rapid pressure reduction.
  • the opening is not configured as a round hole, that is to say as a bore, instead of the opening size in the form of a diameter specification, a (approximately) corresponding surface area of the opening cross section of another geometry corresponding to the round hole occurs.
  • a plurality of spaced non-return valves of this type according to the invention may be provided which limit the pressure caused by the liquid column standing in the pipe pressure in their respective section, since they each only a small opening in the direction of the Gravity generated (return) flow.
  • the above-described water pressure regulation or control according to the invention in a pressure zone is operated on a computer system which is suitably equipped, the computer preferably having interfaces for activating the actuators-here, for example, speed setpoint input for the pump drive-and / or for reading in the measured values or states of sensors-in this case measuring elements such as pressure sensor (s), water flow meter or exhaust valve sensor (s) - has.
  • the actuators here, for example, speed setpoint input for the pump drive-and / or for reading in the measured values or states of sensors-in this case measuring elements such as pressure sensor (s), water flow meter or exhaust valve sensor (s) - has.
  • a water pressure regulation or control system for water pressure regulation or control of a pressure zone can be constructed, namely such that a computer system has that as described above is arranged and also provides detectors for detecting a respective water extraction or a fault at a removal station, which are connected via the interface to the terminal for one or more detectors to the computer system.
  • a pump which supplies the extraction stations with water and having a pump drive whose speed can be specified via the interface for outputting the speed setpoint, wherein the computer system is connected via the interface for outputting the speed setpoint with the pump drive ,
  • the system according to the invention preferably also has a pressure sensor which measures the respective supply pressure (also called pump pressure), that is to say the operating pressure produced by the pump in the pressure zone.
  • the water pressure regulation or control system according to the invention is preferably used for water pressure regulation or control of the service and / or drinking water supply in a high-rise, ie preferably in a house, where the floor of at least one lounge over 22 m above the surrounding (the skyscraper surrounding) terrain surface.
  • the skyscraper particularly preferably only a single pressure zone for the respective supply, so only a single riser for the service water supply and / or a single riser for the drinking water supply.
  • the system according to the invention (as well as the inventive method) can also be used in (very large) buildings having multiple pressure zones, for example, if the building is too large for a single pressure zone, ie the distance between two floors, which must be supplied in parallel to each other, without the pressure at the removal point in the lower floor is too high, is too large.
  • the present invention allows namely a reduction in the number of pressure zones, since it allows them to be sized so large that two different floors can be just in parallel supplied to each other without the pressure on the lower floor at the sampling point high or the pressure on the higher floor becomes too low.
  • the use of the present invention as a water pressure regulation or control system for the extinguishing water supply, preferably in a high-rise building.
  • the fire water network of the skyscraper can have only a single pressure zone. If it is still too large, the present invention can also be used in this case of use at least to reduce the number of pressure zones, as has already been explained above to the case of use for the service and / or drinking water supply.
  • Fig. 1 shows a perspective sketched longitudinal elevation of a 50-story high-rise building 1 with only one extinguishing water pressure zone, wherein an embodiment of the present invention is used
  • the high-rise building 1 has a basement with underground garage T and 50 floors OG , of which not all floors are shown individually.
  • removal stations 2 On the individual floors OG are removal stations 2 , which are connected to a single common water pipe 3 , 3a - formed to the upper floors OG as riser 3 - connected, via which the removal stations 2 are supplied by a pump located in the basement pump 4 with water.
  • the pump 4 has a speed-controlled pump drive, which can be controlled by a computer system 5 via an interface for outputting a speed setpoint 6 .
  • the computer system (the computer) 5 further has an interface for connecting detectors 7 for detecting a water withdrawal at one of the removal stations 2 , 2a . This interface 7 is connected to the respective detectors at the sampling points 2, 2a each connected via a signal line 8, 8a, in order to use this as the trigger of the detector to the computer system.
  • signal lines 8 , 8a are preferably connected in a star-shaped manner to the computer 5 and-particularly preferably-monitored for cable breakage and / or short-circuit, for example, with a corresponding line monitoring module (such as a module with resistor network, eg a line monitoring of the company. Walluszek GmbH). 01591 Riesa) is possible. Particularly preferably laid the star-shaped running from the computer 5 to the detectors signal lines 8, 8a as far as possible together in a wire harness or side by side on a common cable rack, so that a fire at a location there all signal lines attacked approximately simultaneously. If this happens, a short circuit and / or a break, ie an error, is detected for all these lines.
  • a short circuit and / or a break ie an error
  • the computer 5 operating in accordance with the present invention now adjusts the supply pressure to match the supply pressure set point corresponds to the lowest water pressure setpoint of the sampling stations for which an error was detected.
  • the lowest water pressure setpoint of a sampling station for which an error has been detected is in this case the 3rd floor water pressure set point.
  • the supply pressure is thus set to this value and is then available for the local extinguishing work.
  • a modern bus system can naturally also be used which has, for example, active signal detectors and / or active additional signaling elements which are regularly routed via the bus to a control center, eg the computer 5 report their readiness.
  • the detector reports on only one of the two signal lines, the other line is faulty, if it does not respond to either of the two physically separated lines, then there is probably a fault in the detector itself or a fault event (such as a fire) the immediate vicinity of the detector.
  • the computer system 5 is now by appropriate programming according to the present invention in a position to control the extinguishing water system of the high-rise building 1 according to the invention or to regulate.
  • the corresponding values are stored and must be queried in the case of triggering on a certain floor OG only by the computer 5 - for example in the memory (work and / or mass storage) - for this floor, then the pump 4 by means of a speed value accordingly controls or, if a corresponding higher pressure already prevails a release valve 11 releases until the pressure is reached or (just now) below, whereupon the pump is then brought back to the required speed value.
  • the present invention begins, which not only adjusts the setting of the flow pressure at the respective removal station 2 , 2a after detection of a water removal to the maximum permissible for this sampling station 2 water pressure setpoint, which is approximately dependent on the geodetic height 9 of the removal station.
  • a check valve 10 is provided , preferably in the form of a non-return valve, which opens in upward flow direction of the water from the water pressure source to the water extraction point and in the reverse direction thereby almost only closes by having an opening which is designed such that the Water can thereby pass through in the opposite direction to the aforementioned flow direction due to gravity, so as to put the - located in the upward flow direction - behind the check valve region of the water supply pipe at closing of the check valve free of the pressure which goes beyond the pressure caused by gravity.
  • the supply pressure after it was first set up for the removal station in the 50th floor 50.OG can be lowered quickly by means of a simple drain valve to the level of the underground car park T without having to use expensive industrial valves with large cross sections.
  • the extinguishing water system can be operated approximately so that when entering the fire event in the parking garage T the speed setpoint for the pump drive is set so that the pump 4 then generates only a pressure at about 8 bar instead of 15 bar in the garage T pending. It is deliberately accepted that while the flow pressure for fire fighting in the 50th floor 50.OG drops, as at a time usually only one fire suppression location is assumed.
  • Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section through a riser 3 with an embodiment of a pressure reducing device according to the invention.
  • the riser 3 water supply pipe
  • the riser 3 has a check valve 10 - here along a guide 12 in the axial direction of the water pipe 3 in a certain range movable cover 13 -, which opens in upward flow direction 14a of the water from the water pressure source to the water outlet point - by the lid 13 is pressed by the supply pressure of the water upwardly against post 12b, thereby sealing the back situated in this direction portion of the tube 3 is prevented - and in the reverse direction 14b - in which the cover completely the pipe part lying in this direction, covering - characterized only almost closes, because an opening 15 is provided which is designed so that the water thus can pass by gravity in the opposite direction 14b to the aforesaid flow direction 14a, so as to - as viewed in upward flow direction 14a - behind the non-return valve 10 lying area of Wa ssermakerssrohres 3 when closing the
  • Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section through a riser 3 with a further embodiment of a pressure reducing device according to the present invention.
  • a water supply pipe 3 here also a riser
  • a check valve 10 which in upwardly facing flow direction 14a of the water from the water pressure source towards the water tapping point opens - namely by means of a pivotally mounted about an axis 12c flap 13a , which is preferably pressed against a post 12b here, so that it opens less than 90 ° and their closing so always guaranteed by the water pressure remains - and in the reverse direction 14b -
  • the downwardly flowing water which pushes down the preferably not completely perpendicularly open flap 13a - and thereby almost only closes, because it has an opening 15 which is designed so that the water thereby in the opposite direction 14b to the aforementioned flow direction 14a due to gravity can occur, so as to set the - seen in the upward flow direction 14a - behind the check valve 10 lying portion of the water supply

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
  • Control Of Non-Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Control Of Fluid Pressure (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Computersystem, das programmiert ist zur Wasserdruckregelung oder -steuerung in einer Druckzone. Es besteht normativ in hohen Gebäuden die Forderung, dass der maximale Wasserdruck an Betriebswasserverbraucheren wie z.B. Löschwasserwandhydranten oder Sprinklern aus sicherheitstechnischen oder wirtschaftlichen Gründen zu begrenzen ist.The invention relates to a computer system which is programmed for water pressure regulation or control in a pressure zone. Normally, in tall buildings, there is a demand that the maximum water pressure be applied to service water consumers such as e.g. Extinguishing water wall hydrants or sprinklers for safety or economic reasons is limited.

Wird etwa ein Versorgungsdruck für einen Löschwasserhydrant in der 40.-ten Etage in einer Höhe von 120 m bereitgestellt, darf bei einer Entnahme der maximale Fließdruck in der Tiefgarage - etwa aus Gründen der Arbeitssicherheit (z.B. für die Feuerwehrleute) - 8 bar ebenfalls nicht überschreiten. Aus Erwägungen des Arbeitschutzes für den Feuerwehrmann wurde der Druck von 80 MPa (8 Bar) als maximal zumutbarer Grenzwert festgelegt. Um den Druck am Hydranten zu begrenzen, wurden in der Vergangenheit oft Druckminderer eingesetzt, obwohl diese eigentlich seit Jahren normativ (DIN 1988) aus Löschwasseranlagen verbannt waren Nach den zum Anmeldezeitpunkt anerkannten Regeln der Technik sind zwei unterschiedliche Anlagentypen bekannt, die einen Maximaldruckbegrenzung ermöglichen, nämlich:

  • Es ist ein erster Typus bekannt, bei dem das Gebäude hydraulisch in mehrere Druckzonen eingeteilt wird. Hier werden etwa für alle 10 Etagen separate Rohrleitungen verlegt, die jeweils über einzelne oder gesonderte Druckerhöhungsanlagen versorgt werden. Eine solche Ausführung nach dem Stand der Technik findet sich etwa im Entwurf der DIN EN 1988-500, Ausgabe 2008, Anlage 1, dort Ausführung B beschrieben.
  • Als ein zweiter Anlagentypus ist ein solcher bekannt, bei dem das Gebäude über eine Steigleitung hydraulisch versorgt wird. Der maximale Druck wird hierbei über Druckregler und/oder Druckminderer sichergestellt. Derartige Ausführungen nach dem Stand der Technik sind etwa dem bereits vorstehend angeführten Entwurf der DIN EN 1988-500, wiederum Anlage 1, dort Ausführung C und/oder Ausführung D zu entnehmen.
If, for example, a supply pressure for a fire hydrant in the 40th floor is provided at a height of 120 m, the maximum flow pressure in the underground car park - for reasons of occupational safety (eg for firefighters) - may not exceed 8 bar , For safety reasons, the pressure of 80 MPa (8 bar) was set as the maximum acceptable limit for the firefighter. In order to limit the pressure at the hydrant, pressure reducers were often used in the past, although they were normative banished for years (DIN 1988) from extinguishing water systems According to recognized at the time of application rules of the art two different types of systems are known, which allow a maximum pressure limitation, namely :
  • There is a first type known in which the building is hydraulically divided into several pressure zones. Here, for example, separate pipelines are laid for every 10 floors, which are each supplied via individual or separate pressure booster systems. Such a design according to the prior art is found, for example, in the draft of DIN EN 1988-500, Edition 2008, Appendix 1, there described embodiment B.
  • As a second type of plant such is known, in which the building is hydraulically powered via a riser. The maximum pressure is over here Pressure regulator and / or pressure reducer ensured. Such designs according to the state of the art are to be taken from the design of DIN EN 1988-500 already mentioned above, again Appendix 1, there design C and / or design D.

Beide Typen weisen jedoch Nachteile auf: So verlangt der erste Typus nach dem Stand der Technik - bedingt durch die Bereitstellung von mehreren Steigleitungen und Druckerhöhungspumpen - einen hohen materiellen und technischen Aufwand, wenn vorgegebene Maximaldrücke nicht zu überschreiten sind, was derartige Ausführungen sehr teuer macht. Beim zweiten Typus ist es so, daß die Druckregler- und/oder Druckmindererarmaturen sehr empfindlich sind und daher die Wasserversorgung gefährden können. Ihr Einsatz in Löschwasseranlegen ist daher sehr umstritten und sollte vermieden werden (vgl. auch DIN 1988).However, both types have disadvantages: For example, the first type of the prior art requires - due to the provision of multiple risers and booster pumps - a high material and technical effort, if predetermined maximum pressures are not to be exceeded, which makes such versions very expensive. The second type is that the pressure regulator and / or pressure reducing valves are very sensitive and therefore can jeopardize the water supply. Their use in extinguishing water is therefore very controversial and should be avoided (see also DIN 1988).

Ausgehend von dieser Situation war es wünschenswert Anlagen zu entwickeln, die es erlauben, Betriebswasser- und/oder Löschwasseranlagen im Betrieb in hohen Gebäuden auf jeder Etage des Gebäudes zwar einerseits mit dem jeweilig gewünschten oder erforderlichen Druck, aber andererseits auch unter Beachtung der jeweiligen Druckgrenze mit nur einer Steigleitung und nur einer Pumpenanlage ohne Verwendung von Druckreglern oder Druckminderern zur Verfügung zu stellen. Prinzipiell kann dies etwa durch eine Drehzahlregelung einer Pumpe geschehen, wie es etwa die EP 0 962 847 A1 oder die GB 2 293 403 zeigen.Based on this situation, it was desirable to develop systems that allow operating water and / or extinguishing water systems in operation in high buildings on each floor of the building, on the one hand with the respective desired or required pressure, but on the other hand, taking into account the respective pressure limit only one riser and only one pump system without the use of pressure regulators or pressure reducers available. In principle, this can be done by a speed control of a pump, such as the EP 0 962 847 A1 or the GB 2 293 403 demonstrate.

Eine solche Lösung findet sich nach dem Stand der Technik (vgl. Götsch, Enrico, Regelungsvarianten für Trinkwasser-Trennstationen von Hochhäusern, veröffentlicht im WorldWideWeb des Internet am 06.05.2009 unter der URL: "http://www.gep-h2o.de/service/fachbibliothek/fachbeitrag-detail.html?beitrag_id=87") in einer Anlage, die im Falle der Einzelstrangregelung beim Auslösen des Löschwassermodus auf einen für jede Etage hinterlegten Versorgungsdruck zurückgreift, der an der gewünschten Entnahmestelle den geforderten Fließdruck - etwa geforderte 4,5 bar - zur Verfügung stellt. Wird hiernach etwa in der 20.-ten Etage Löschwasseralarm ausgelöst, muß die Pumpe einen Versorgungsdruck von z.B. 15 bar erzeugen, um die geforderten 4,5 bar auf der 30.-ten Etage zu erzielen. Wird hingegen ein Hydrant in der Tiefgarage betätigt, hat die Pumpe lediglich einen Versorgungsdruck von beispielsweise 5 bar herzustellen, um dort den gleichen Fließdruck zu erreichen. Die entsprechenden Werte sind hinterlegt und müssen im Falle der Auslösung auf einer bestimmten Etage nur noch für diese Etage abgefragt werden. Praktisch wird dies etwa durch drehzahlgeregelte Pumpen, etwa Pumpen mit einem frequenzgeregelten Drehstromantrieb realisiert.Such a solution can be found according to the state of the art (see Götsch, Enrico, Regulations for drinking water separation stations of high-rise buildings, published in the WorldWideWeb of the Internet on 06.05.2009 under the URL: "http://www.gep-h2o.de /service/fachbibliothek/fachbeitrag-detail.html?beitrag_id=87 ") in a system which, in the case of single-strand control, triggers a supply pressure stored for each floor when triggering the extinguishing water mode, which produces the required flow pressure at the desired extraction point - for example 4 , 5 bar - provides. If, after this, firefighting water alarm is triggered approximately on the 20th floor, the pump must generate a supply pressure of eg 15 bar in order to achieve the required 4.5 bar on the 30th floor. If, on the other hand, a hydrant is actuated in the underground car park, the pump merely has to produce a supply pressure of, for example, 5 bar in order to achieve the same flow pressure there. The corresponding values are stored and, in the case of tripping on a certain floor, only have to be for this floor be queried. Practically, this is realized, for example, by means of variable-speed pumps, for example pumps with a frequency-controlled three-phase drive.

Der Nachteil dieser Vorgehensweise besteht jedoch darin, daß - wie auch an vorgenanntem Beispiel deutlich wird - bei Brandbekämpfung in der 20. Etage parallel ein Versorgungsdruck in der Tiefgarage von 15 bar ansteht. Kommt es dann zu einem späteren Brandereignis in der Tiefgarage, so wäre dort der maximal erlaubte Fließdruck von 8 bar erheblich überschritten. Mit den grundsätzlichen Möglichkeiten der Reduktion eines zu hohen Drucks befassen sich dabei im Stand der Technik die US 4 120 033 und die JP 8 246511 A . Die JP 60 142076 A zeigt zudem eine etagenabhängige Regelung des Wasserdrucks, die auch bei Entnahme von Wasser auf unterschiedlichen Etagen einen angemessenen Wasserdruck sicherstellt.The disadvantage of this approach, however, is that - as is clear from the example mentioned above - in fire fighting in the 20th floor parallel a supply pressure in the underground garage of 15 bar is pending. If there is a subsequent fire event in the underground car park, the maximum permissible flow pressure of 8 bar would be considerably exceeded. In the state of the art, the fundamental possibilities of reducing excessively high pressure are addressed here US 4 120 033 and the JP 8 246511 A , The JP 60 142076 A also shows a floor-dependent control of the water pressure, which ensures an adequate water pressure even when removing water on different floors.

Überlagert wird diese Problematik jedoch von der Fehlerdetektion in derartigen Anlagen. Auch die Detektion eines Fehlers an einer Wasserentnahmestation - i.d.R. ein Kabelbruch oder ein Kurzschluß der zur jeweiligen Wasserentnahmestation zugehörigen Signalleitungen - soll dazu führen, daß der Versorgungsdruck auf das Niveau eingestellt oder eingeregelt wird, der dem für diese Wasserentnahmestation höchst zulässigen Fließdruck entspricht, da in einem solchen Falle womöglich dort mit einer Auslösung, also Wasserentnahme zu rechnen ist, für die dann der entsprechende für diese Wasserentnahmestation höchst zulässige Versorgungsdruck bereitstehen soll. Dies ist deshalb sinnvoll, weil eine derartige Fehlerdetektion im Falle eines Brandes möglicherweise zuerst erfolgt, etwa dann, wenn der Brand bevor er unmittelbar - etwa durch Rauchmelder - detektiert wird bereits Leitungen und somit auch die zur Wasserentnahmestation zugehörigen Signalleitungen angegriffen haben kann. Daher stellen derartige Fehlerdetektionen ein Indiz für einen möglicherweise vorliegenden Brandfall dar, auf den das System der Löschwasserversorgung durch entsprechende Druckanpassung vorbereitet werden kann, damit es im Falle einer dann folgenden Auslösung sofort mit dem entsprechenden Versorgungsdruck reagieren kann.However, this problem is superimposed by the error detection in such systems. Also the detection of a fault at a water withdrawal station - i.d.R. a cable break or a short circuit of the respective water removal station associated signal lines - should cause the supply pressure is adjusted or adjusted to the level that corresponds to the maximum permissible flow pressure for this water removal station, since in such a case, possibly there with a release, so water removal is to be expected, for which then the appropriate maximum supply pressure for this water extraction station is available. This is useful because such a fault detection in the event of a fire may be the first to take place, such as when the fire before it is detected directly - such as smoke detectors - already lines and thus may have attacked the water supply station associated signal lines. Therefore, such error detections are an indication of a possible fire, to which the system of extinguishing water supply can be prepared by appropriate pressure adjustment, so that it can respond immediately in the case of a subsequent triggering with the corresponding supply pressure.

Besonders problematisch ist es nun jedoch, eine Druckwasssereinstellung oder -regelung so vorzunehmen, daß einerseits im Falle der Auslösung, also Wasserentnahme der bereits vorstehend dargestellte höhenabhängige Versorgungsdruck in ausreichender (aber auch höchstzulässiger) Weise zur Verfügung steht, andererseits aber auch eine voraussschauende Druckanpassung anhand der Detektion von Fehlern - insbesondere anhand der Erkennung von Kabelbrüchen und/oder Kurzschlüssen - gewährleistet ist. Dies ist deshalb schwierig, weil die entsprechenden Ereignisse auch voneinander abhängig sein können. Ist so etwa bereits ein Brand in der achten Etage detektiert und hat dort das Löschwassersystem bereits ausgelöst, ist es also bereits zu einer Wasserentnahme auf der achten Etage gekommen, so kann ein solcher Brand infolge durchaus zu Fehlerdetektionen auf anderen Etagen führen, nämlich dann, wenn er die Signalleitungen angreift.However, it is now particularly problematic to make a pressurized water adjustment or regulation so that on the one hand in the case of triggering, ie water removal of the above-described height-dependent supply pressure in sufficient (but also permissible) way is available, on the other hand, but also a predictive pressure adjustment based on Detect errors - especially by detecting cable breaks and / or shorts - is guaranteed. This is difficult because the corresponding events can also be interdependent. If, for example, a fire has already been detected in the eighth floor and has already triggered the fire-extinguishing system there, so it has already come to a water removal on the eighth floor, then such a fire can lead due to fault detection on other floors, namely, if he attacks the signal lines.

Vor diesem Hintergrund ist es daher - ausgehend vom Stand der Technik - Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Computersystem für ein Wasserdruckregelungssystem oder -steuerung in einer Druckzone anzugeben, das es erlaubt, eine kostengünstige Einstranganlage auch im Falle paralleler Wasserentnahmen auf unterschiedlichen Etagen unter Beachtung der Höchstdruckgrenzen für den Fließdruck einzusetzen und dabei einerseits eine möglichst hohe Sicherheit der Brandbekämpfung durch das Anstreben der Einhaltung von Höchstdruckgrenzen zu gewährleisten, andererseits aber auch eine vorsorgliche Wasserdruckanpassung durch Fehlerdetektion, insbesondere die Erkennung von Kabelbrüchen oder Kurzschlüssen vorzusehen.Against this background, it is therefore - starting from the state of the art - object of the present invention to provide a computer system for a water pressure control system or control in a pressure zone, which allows a cost-priced Einranganlage even in the case of parallel water withdrawals on different floors under consideration of maximum pressure limits to use for the flow pressure and on the one hand to ensure the highest possible security of fire fighting by striving for compliance with maximum pressure limits, on the other hand also provide a precautionary water pressure adjustment by fault detection, in particular the detection of cable breaks or short circuits.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Computersystem nach Anspruch 1 gelöst, dessen Datenverarbeitungseinheit so eingerichtet ist, daß sie nach einem Verfahren zur Wasserdruckregelung oder -steuerung in einer Druckzone arbeitet, bei dem die Anpassung des Versorgungsdrucks an der jeweiligen Entnahmestation nach Detektion einer Wasserentnahme an der Entnahmestation durch Einstellung des für diese Entnahmestation höchst zulässigen Versorgungsdrucksollwerts geschieht, wobei dies zumindest in Abhängigkeit von der geodätischen Höhe der Entnahmestation über die Drehzahlsteuerung oder Drehzahlregelung eines Pumpenantriebs erfolgt, dessen Pumpe die Entnahmestation mit Wasser versorgt, wobei

  • im Falle der Detektion der Wasserentnahme an zumindest einer weiteren Entnahmestation
  • die Einstellung des neuen Versorgungsdrucks auf den für diese weitere Entnahmestation, an der eine Wasserentnahme detektiert ist, höchst zulässigen Versorgungsdrucksollwert geschieht,
und das erfindungsgemäß dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß
  • im Falle einer Fehlerdetektion an zumindest einer weiteren Entnahmestation, wenn zuvor keine Wasserentnahme detektiert wurde,
    die Einstellung des neuen Versorgungsdrucks auf den für alle Entnahmestationen, an denen ein Fehler detektiert ist, niedrigsten Versorgungsdrucksollwert geschieht.
This object is achieved by a computer system according to claim 1, whose data processing unit is adapted to operate according to a method for water pressure regulation or control in a pressure zone, wherein the adjustment of the supply pressure at the respective removal station after detection of a water removal at the removal station Setting of the maximum allowable for this sampling station supply pressure setpoint happens, this is done at least as a function of the geodetic height of the sampling station on the speed control or speed control of a pump drive, the pump supplies the extraction station with water, said
  • in the case of detecting the removal of water at at least one further removal station
  • the adjustment of the new supply pressure to the maximum permissible supply pressure setpoint for this additional removal station at which a water withdrawal is detected occurs,
and that according to the invention characterized in that
  • in the event of an error detection at at least one further removal station, if no removal of water was previously detected,
    the new supply pressure is set to the lowest supply pressure set point for all sampling stations where an error is detected.

Wird also eine weitere Wasserentnahme detektiert, so erfolgt die Einstellung des neuen Versorgungsdrucks auf den für diese weitere Entnahmestation höchst zulässigen Wert.If, therefore, a further removal of water is detected, then the new supply pressure is set to the value which is most permissible for this further removal station.

Wird hingegen im weiteren ein Fehler detektiert - sei es etwa ein Kabelbruch, sei es etwa ein Kurzschluß - und zwar ohne, daß zuvor eine Wasserentnahme festgestellt (detektiert) wurde, so erfolgt die Einstellung des neuen Versorgungsdrucks auf den für alle Entnahmestationen, an denen ein Fehler detektiert ist, niedrigsten Versorgungsdrucksollwert.If, however , further detected an error - be it about a cable break, be it a short circuit - and without that a water removal was previously detected (detected) , so the new supply pressure is set to the for all sampling stations, where Error detected, lowest supply pressure setpoint.

Die Einstellung des neuen Versorgungsdrucks erfolgt also in diesem Falle etwa auf den für die niedrigst gelegene Entnahmestation, an der ein Fehler detektiert ist, höchst zulässigen Versorgungsdrucksollwert. Wird also ein Fehler in der 50.-Etage, dann in der 4.-Etage und dann in der 3.-ten Etage - jeweils ohne vorherige Detektion irgend einer Wasserentnahme in irgend einer Etage - detektiert, und beträgt der in jeder Etage angestrebte Fließdruck 4,5 bar, so wird der Versorgungsdruck erfindungsgemäß so eingestellt, daß er auf der 3.-ten Etage einen Fließdruck von 4,5 bar - und auf den darüber liegenden Etagen entsprechend weniger - ergibt. Auf diese Weise kann etwa im bereits erwähnten Beispiel die Löschwasseranlage so betrieben werden, daß beim Eintreten des Brandereignisses in der Tiefgarage der Drehzahlsollwert für dem Pumpenantrieb so vorgegeben wird, daß die Pumpe dann nur noch einen Druck (Versorgungsdruck) erzeugt, bei dem nur 8 bar Fließdruck statt 15 bar Fließdruck in der Tiefgarage anstehen. Hierbei wird bewußt in Kauf genommen, daß dabei der Fließdruck zur Brandbekämpfung in höheren Etagen absinkt. Der Ort der später erfolgenden Wasserentnahme hat hierbei gegenüber dem der früheren Wasserentnahme Priorität, da in der Praxis davon auszugehen ist, daß die Brandbekämpfung sich zwischenzeitlich vom früheren zum späteren Wasserentnahmeort verlagert hat, wo nun die Sicherheit der Brandbekämpfung durch eine Neujustage des Wasserdrucks gewährleistet werden sollThe setting of the new supply pressure is thus carried out in this case, approximately at the lowest for the removal station at which an error is detected, the maximum allowable supply pressure setpoint. So if a fault in the 50th floor, then in the 4th floor and then in the 3rd-th floor - each without prior detection of any water withdrawal in any floor - detected, and is the desired flow pressure in each floor 4.5 bar, the supply pressure according to the invention is adjusted so that it on the 3rd-th floor a flow pressure of 4.5 bar - and on the floors above correspondingly less - results. In this way, for example, in the aforementioned example, the extinguishing water system can be operated so that when entering the fire event in the parking garage, the speed setpoint for the pump drive is set so that the pump then only one pressure (supply pressure) generated at the only 8 bar Flow pressure instead of 15 bar flow pressure in the underground car park. It is deliberately accepted that while the flow pressure for fire fighting in higher floors decreases. The location of the subsequent removal of water has priority over that of the previous water withdrawal, since in practice it can be assumed that the firefighting in the meantime relocates from the former to the later water extraction location has, where now the safety of the fire fighting by a readjustment of the water pressure is to be ensured

Auch eine vorausschauende Wasserdruckeinstellung infolge Fehlerdetektion gewährleistet das Verfahren nach der vorliegenden Erfindung, indem hier der Wasserdruck für den Wasserentnahmeort eingestellt wird, der dem zunächst entdeckten Fehler entspricht, da davon auszugehen ist, daß dort - oder jedenfalls nahe hierzu - ein etwaiger Brandherd liegt und hier am ehesten mit einer folgenden Brandbekämpfung, d.h. Wasserentnahme zu rechnen ist.Also, a predictive water pressure setting due to fault detection ensures the method of the present invention by the water pressure for the water sampling is set here, which corresponds to the first detected error, since it is assumed that there - or at least close to it - a possible source of fire and here most likely with a subsequent firefighting, ie Water withdrawal is expected.

Gleichwohl hat die Auslösung, d.h. die Wasserentnahme selbst immer Vorrang vor einer solchen an der Fehlerdetektion orientierten Wasserdruckeinstellung, da dann am Wasserentnahmeort der dort höchst zulässige Fließdruck zur Verfügung stehen soll, um eine möglichst effektive Bekämpfung eines etwaigen Brandes zu ermöglichen.However, the trip, i. the removal of water itself always takes precedence over such an error detection oriented water pressure setting, since then there should be the most permissible flow pressure available at the point of water abstraction in order to enable the most effective possible control of any fire.

Die Drehzahlvorgabe für den Pumpenantrieb kann so erfolgen, daß die Kennlinie der Pumpe - etwa im Speicher des zur Durchführung der Erfindung eingesetzten Computersystems - hinterlegt und so für jeden Versorgungssolldruck die zugehörige Drehzahl ermittelt wird. In diesem Falle bedarf es keines eigenen Sensors für den jeweiligen Pumpendruck, also des Versorgungsdrucks (=Betriebsdruck in der Druckzone). Alternativ kann aber auch der Versorgungsdruck (also der durch die Pumpe in der Druckzone erzeugte Druck) vermittels eines Drucksensors gemessen und etwa der Drehzahlsollwert des Pumpenantriebs als Stellgröße für den einzustellenden Wasserdruck Verwendung finden.The speed specification for the pump drive can be carried out so that the characteristic of the pump - deposited about in the memory of the computer system used for carrying out the invention - and thus the associated speed is determined for each supply nominal pressure. In this case, there is no need for a separate sensor for the respective pump pressure, ie the supply pressure (= operating pressure in the pressure zone). Alternatively, however, the supply pressure (ie the pressure generated by the pump in the pressure zone) can also be measured by means of a pressure sensor and approximately the speed setpoint of the pump drive can be used as a control variable for the water pressure to be set.

Vorzugsweise erfolgt die Einstellung des Versorgungsdrucks nicht nur anhand der geodätischen Höhe, sondern zusätzlich auch in Abhängigkeit von Rohrreibungsverlusten, was etwa durch entsprechendes Einmessen der Wasserverteilungsanlage und Berücksichtigung der so gefundenen Werte in den für jede Etage hinterlegten Versorgungsdruckwerten geschehen kann.Preferably, the adjustment of the supply pressure is not only based on the geodetic height, but also in dependence on pipe friction losses, which can be done for example by appropriate calibration of the water distribution system and taking into account the values found in the stored for each floor supply pressure values.

Die Detektion der Wasserentnahme an einer der Wasserentnahmestationen kann auf unterschiedliche Art und Weise erfolgen, so etwa vermittels eines Meßglieds, daß bei Handbetätigung einer Wasserentnahmestelle auslöst oder auch durch ein Meßglieds, das bei Erreichen und/oder Überschreiten eines bestimmten Wasservolumenstromes auslöst. Auch die Detektion eines Fehlers an der Wasserentnahmestation, d.h. von dem der Wasserentnahmestation zugehörigen jeweiligen Meßgliedes, also etwa eines eines Kurzschlusses oder Kabelbruches kann so, etwa durch die Verwendung von Öffnern, statt Schließern erfolgen.The detection of water removal at one of the water removal stations can be done in different ways, such as by means of a measuring element that triggers a manual tapping a water tap or by a measuring element that triggers when reaching and / or exceeding a certain water volume flow. Also, the detection of a fault at the water removal station, ie of the water removal station associated respective measuring element, so about one of a short circuit or cable break can be done so, for example by the use of openers instead of normally open.

Soll der DIN 14462 Genüge getan werden, so müssen alle Meßglieder einzeln auf Kabelbruch, Kurzschluß und Auslösung - also etwa Handbetätigung einer Wasserentnahmestelle oder Erreichen und/oder Überschreiten eines bestimmten Wasservolumenstromes - überwacht werden.If DIN 14462 is to be complied with, then all the measuring elements must be individually monitored for cable break, short circuit and tripping - ie manual override of a water supply point or reaching and / or exceeding a certain water volume flow.

Die Drehzahlsteuerung oder Drezahlregelung der Pumpe (genauer des Pumpenantriebes) kann, wie herkömmlich üblich, mittels eines geregelten - vorzugsweise bürstenlosen - Gleichstromantriebs als Pumpenantrieb erfolgen. Heutzutage wird man jedoch in der Regel einen frequenzgeregelten Drehstromantrieb als Pumpenantrieb bevorzugen.The speed control or speed control of the pump (more precisely, the pump drive), as conventionally, by means of a regulated - preferably brushless - DC drive drive as a pump drive. Nowadays, however, one will usually prefer a frequency-controlled three-phase drive as a pump drive.

Bei dem Computersystem nach der hier vorliegenden Erfindung kann die Einstellung des Versorgungsdrucks für den Fall, daß hierdurch eine Druckabsenkung erfolgen soll, (zumindest auch) dadurch geschehen, daß ein Stellglied oder Regelglied, vorzugsweise ein Wasserablaßventil solange geöffnet oder eine Druckabbaupumpe solange zum Druckabbau betrieben wird, bis der neue Versorgungsdruck erreicht oder unterschritten ist.In the computer system according to the present invention, the adjustment of the supply pressure in the event that this should be a pressure reduction, (at least) be done by an actuator or control element, preferably a water drain valve opened or operated as long as a pressure reduction pump for pressure reduction until the new supply pressure is reached or fallen below.

Hinsichtlich der Deaktivierung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorgehensweise zur Wasserdruckregelung oder -steuerung in einer Druckzone, ist anzumerken, daß nach Wegfall aller Wasserentnahmedetektionen und Wegfall aller Fehlerdetektionen an den Entnahmestationen eine Einstellung des Versorgungsdrucks auf den Sollwert erfolgt, der dem höchst zulässigen Versorgungsdruck aller Entnahmestationen in der Druckzone (also i.d.R. dem höchst zulässigen Versorgungsdruck für die höchst gelegene Entnahmestation) entspricht. Hat ein Gebäude also etwa 20 Etagen und beträgt der höchst zulässige Druck etwa 20,5 bar für die 20.-te Etage so wird der Versorgungsdruck in der Druckzone nach Wegfall aller Detektionen in allen Etagen - Fehlerdetektionen wie auch Wasserentnahmedetektionen - auf 20,5 bar Bereitschaftsdruck eingestellt, damit so im ungünstigsten Fall, also etwa einem Brand in der 20.-ten Etage dort sofort ausreichend Fließdruck an der Entnahmestelle zur Verfügung steht.With regard to the deactivation of the procedure according to the invention for regulating or controlling the water pressure in a pressure zone, it should be noted that, after elimination of all water sampling detections and omission of all fault detections at the sampling stations, the supply pressure is set to the desired value which corresponds to the maximum permissible supply pressure of all sampling stations in the pressure zone (FIG. thus usually the highest permissible supply pressure for the highest located sampling station). Thus, if a building has about 20 floors and the maximum permissible pressure is about 20.5 bar for the 20th floor, the supply pressure in the pressure zone will be 20.5 bar after the detection of all detections on all floors - fault detections as well as water withdrawal detections Ready pressure set so that in the worst case, so as a fire in the 20th-th floor there is immediately sufficient flow pressure at the sampling point available.

Die hier beschriebene Erfindung kann in Fällen, in denen eine besonders lange Steigleitung - etwa in großen Hochhäusern - verwendet wird, poblematisch werden, da der in der Steigleitung dann herrschende Druck infolge der Wassersäule recht hoch für die weiter unten liegenden Teile der Leitung wird. In diesem Falle ist es dann schwierig vermittels eines Ablaßventils rasch für den zum Erreichen des dort höchst zulässigen Fließdruckes erforderlichen Druckabbau des Versorgungsdrucks im Rohr zu sorgen, da der Abbau der Wassersäule - jedenfalls bei Einsatz von Ablaßventilen, die von den Kosten her vertretbar sind - eine Weile dauern kann, was für die unteren Bereiche womöglich zu lange ist. In herkömmlichen Systemen, die mit mehreren Druckzonen arbeiten tritt dieses Problem i.d.R.nicht auf, da hier eine Aufteilung des Gebäudes in verschiedene Druckzonen erfolgt, deren einzelne Steigleitungen jeweils von der Höhe her begrenzt sind.The invention described here can in cases where a particularly long riser - is used - such as in large skyscrapers - become problematic, since then prevailing in the riser pressure due to the water column is quite high for the lower parts of the line. In this case, it is then difficult by means of a drain valve quickly to provide for the pressure reduction of the supply pressure in the pipe, which is required to reach the maximum permissible flow pressure, since the reduction of the water column - at least when using drain valves which are reasonable in terms of cost - may take a while, which may be the case for the lower areas is long. In conventional systems, which work with multiple pressure zones, this problem does not occur in principle, since here a division of the building into different pressure zones takes place, the individual risers are limited in each case from the height.

Im Falle der vorliegenden Erfindung kann daher eine Druckminderungsvorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens dienen, die so ausgestaltet ist, daß ein Wasserversorgungsrohr, also etwa die Steigleitung zumindest ein Rückschlagventil aufweist, das in aufwärts weisender Strömungsrichtung des Wassers von der Wasserdruckquelle zur Wasserentnahmestelle hin öffnet und in Umkehrrichtung dadurch nur beinahe schließt, weil es eine Öffnung aufweist, die so ausgestaltet ist, daß das Wasser hierdurch in Gegenrichtung zur vorgenannten Strömungsrichtung infolge der Schwerkraft hindurch treten kann, um so den - in Aufwärtsströmungsrichtung gesehen - hinter dem Rückschlagventil liegenden Bereich des Wasserversorgungsrohres bei Schließen des Rückschlagventils frei von dem Druck zu stellen, der über den durch die Schwerkraft hervorgerufenen Druck hinausgeht. Bei dem geringen Komprimierungsfaktor von Wasser - der bei 20 °C bei 0,00021 m3/m3 K liegt - reicht hierzu schon ein kleines, vorzugsweise rundes Loch im Ventil von vorzugsweise nicht mehr als 10 mm, besonders bevorzugterweise von nicht mehr als 5 mm Durchmesser aus, daß einem durch die Schwerkraft hervorgerufenen Rückströmen des Wassers zum Zwecke des sehr schnellen Druckabbaus dient. Falls die Öffnung nicht als rundes Loch, also etwa als Bohrung ausgestaltet ist, tritt anstelle der Öffnungsgröße in Gestalt einer Durchmesserangabe ein (in etwa) entsprechender Flächeninhalt des dem runden Loch entsprechenden Öffnungsquerschnitts anderer Geometrie.In the case of the present invention can therefore serve a pressure reducing device for carrying out the method according to the invention, which is designed so that a water supply pipe, so as the riser at least one check valve which opens in upward flow direction of the water from the water pressure source to the water outlet point and in Turning direction thereby almost only closes because it has an opening which is designed so that the water can thereby pass through in the opposite direction to the aforementioned flow direction due to gravity, so as to - seen in the upflow direction - behind the check valve region of the water supply pipe when closing the check valve free from the pressure that goes beyond the pressure caused by gravity pressure. At the low compression factor of water - which is at 20 ° C at 0.00021 m 3 / m 3 K - enough for this already a small, preferably round hole in the valve of preferably not more than 10 mm, more preferably not more than 5 mm diameter, that serves for a gravity caused by the return flow of water for the purpose of very rapid pressure reduction. If the opening is not configured as a round hole, that is to say as a bore, instead of the opening size in the form of a diameter specification, a (approximately) corresponding surface area of the opening cross section of another geometry corresponding to the round hole occurs.

Ist das Wasserrohr, also etwa die Steigleitung länger, können mehrere von einander beabstandete Rückschlagventile dieser erfindungsgemäßen Art vorgesehen sein, die den durch die im Rohr stehende Flüssigkeitssäule hervorgerufenen Druck in ihrem jeweiligen Abschnitt begrenzen, da sie jeweils nur einen kleine Öffnung in Richtung der durch die Schwerkraft erzeugten (Rück-)strömung aufweisen.Is the water pipe, so about the riser longer, a plurality of spaced non-return valves of this type according to the invention may be provided which limit the pressure caused by the liquid column standing in the pipe pressure in their respective section, since they each only a small opening in the direction of the Gravity generated (return) flow.

Die vorstehend beschriebene erfindungsgemäße Wasserdruckregelung oder -steuerung in einer Druckzone wird auf einem entsprechend eingerichteten Computersystem betrieben, wobei der Computer vorzugsweise Schnittstellen zur Ansteuerung der Aktoren - hier etwa Drehzahlsollwertvorgabe für den Pumpenantrieb - und/oder zum Einlesen der Meßwerte oder Stati von Sensoren - hier Meßglieder wie etwa Drucksensor(en), Wasserdurchflußmesser oder auch Entnahmearmatursensor(en) - aufweist.The above-described water pressure regulation or control according to the invention in a pressure zone is operated on a computer system which is suitably equipped, the computer preferably having interfaces for activating the actuators-here, for example, speed setpoint input for the pump drive-and / or for reading in the measured values or states of sensors-in this case measuring elements such as pressure sensor (s), water flow meter or exhaust valve sensor (s) - has.

Vermittels eines solchen Computersystems und der entsprechenden Meß- und/oder Stellglieder (Aktoren und/oder Sensoren) kann ein erfindungsgemäßes Wasserdruckregelungs- oder -steuerungssystem zur Wasserdruckregelung oder -steuerung einer Druckzone aufgebaut werden, nämlich ein solches , daß ein Computersystem aufweist, daß wie vorbeschrieben eingerichtet ist und das zudem Detektoren zur jeweiligen Detektion einer Wasserentnahme oder eines Fehlers an einer Entnahmestation vorsieht, die über die Schnittstelle zum Anschluß für einen Detektor oder mehrere Detektoren an das Computersystem angeschlossen sind. Ferner ist bei einem solchen System eine Pumpe vorgesehen, die die Entnahmestationen mit Wasser versorgt und die einen Pumpenantrieb aufweist, dessen Drehzahl über die Schnittstelle zur Ausgabe des Drehzahlsollwertes vorgegeben werden kann, wobei das Computersystem über die Schnittstelle zur Ausgabe des Drehzahlsollwertes mit dem Pumpenantrieb verbunden ist. Vorzugsweise verfügt das erfindungsgemäße System auch über einen Drucksensor, der den jeweiligen Versorgungsdruck (auch Pumpendruck genannt), also den durch die Pumpe jeweilig in der Druckzone hervorgerufenen Betriebsdruck mißt.By means of such a computer system and the corresponding measuring and / or control elements (actuators and / or sensors), a water pressure regulation or control system according to the invention for water pressure regulation or control of a pressure zone can be constructed, namely such that a computer system has that as described above is arranged and also provides detectors for detecting a respective water extraction or a fault at a removal station, which are connected via the interface to the terminal for one or more detectors to the computer system. Furthermore, in such a system, a pump is provided which supplies the extraction stations with water and having a pump drive whose speed can be specified via the interface for outputting the speed setpoint, wherein the computer system is connected via the interface for outputting the speed setpoint with the pump drive , The system according to the invention preferably also has a pressure sensor which measures the respective supply pressure (also called pump pressure), that is to say the operating pressure produced by the pump in the pressure zone.

Das erfindungsgemäße Wasserdruckregelungs- oder -steuerungssystem dient vorzugsweise der Wasserdruckregelung- oder -steuerung der Brauch- und/oder Trinkwasserversorgung in einem Hochhaus, also vorzugsweise in einem Haus, bei dem der Fußboden mindestens eines Aufenthaltsraumes über 22 m über der (das Hochhaus umgebenden) Geländeoberfläche liegt. Dabei weist das Hochhauses besonders bevorzugterweise nur eine einzige Druckzone für die jeweilige Versorgung, also nur eine einzige Steigleitung für die Brauchwasserversorgung und/oder eine einzige Steigleitung für die Trinkwasserversorgung auf. Es soll jedoch nicht unerwähnt bleiben, daß das erfindungsgemäße System (wie auch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren) auch in (besonders großen) Gebäuden eingesetzt werden kann, die mehrere Druckzonen aufweisen, nämlich etwa dann, wenn das Gebäude zu groß für eine einzige Druckzone ist, also der Abstand zwischen zwei Etagen, die parallel zueinander versorgt werden müssen, ohne daß der Druck an der Entnahmestelle in der tiefer gelegenen Etage zu hoch wird, zu groß wird. In diesem Falle ermöglich die vorliegende Erfindung nämlich eine Reduktion der Anzahl der Druckzonen, da sie es ermöglicht, diese so groß zu bemessen, daß zwei unterschiedliche Etagen gerade noch parallel zueinander versorgt werden können, ohne daß der Druck auf der tieferen Etage an der Entnahmestelle zu hoch oder der Druck auf der höheren Etage zu niedrig wird.The water pressure regulation or control system according to the invention is preferably used for water pressure regulation or control of the service and / or drinking water supply in a high-rise, ie preferably in a house, where the floor of at least one lounge over 22 m above the surrounding (the skyscraper surrounding) terrain surface. In this case, the skyscraper particularly preferably only a single pressure zone for the respective supply, so only a single riser for the service water supply and / or a single riser for the drinking water supply. However, it should not go unmentioned that the system according to the invention (as well as the inventive method) can also be used in (very large) buildings having multiple pressure zones, for example, if the building is too large for a single pressure zone, ie the distance between two floors, which must be supplied in parallel to each other, without the pressure at the removal point in the lower floor is too high, is too large. In this case, the present invention allows namely a reduction in the number of pressure zones, since it allows them to be sized so large that two different floors can be just in parallel supplied to each other without the pressure on the lower floor at the sampling point high or the pressure on the higher floor becomes too low.

Besonders bevorzugt ist jedoch die Verwendung der vorliegenden Erfindung als Wasserdruckregelungs- oder -steuerungssystem für die Löschwasserversorgung, vorzugsweise in einem Hochhaus. Auch in diesem Falle kann das Löschwassernetz des Hochhauses nur eine einzige Druckzone aufweisen. Wird er dennoch zu groß, so kann die vorliegende Erfindung auch in diesem Verwendungsfalle zumindest zur Reduzierung der Anzahl der Druckzonen eingesetzt werden, wie dies bereits vorstehend zum Fall der Verwendung für die Brauch- und/oder Trinkwasserversorgung erläutert wurde.However, particularly preferred is the use of the present invention as a water pressure regulation or control system for the extinguishing water supply, preferably in a high-rise building. Also in this case, the fire water network of the skyscraper can have only a single pressure zone. If it is still too large, the present invention can also be used in this case of use at least to reduce the number of pressure zones, as has already been explained above to the case of use for the service and / or drinking water supply.

Im folgenden wird ein nicht einschränkend zu verstehendes Ausführungsbeispiel anhand der Zeichnung besprochen. In dieser zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen perspektivisch skizzierten Längsaufriß eines 50-stöckigen Hochhauses mit nur einer Löschwasserdruckzone, worin eine Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung zum Einsatz gelangt,
Fig. 2
einen Längsschnitt durch eine Steigleitung mit einer Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Druckminderungsvorrichtung, und
Fig. 3
einen Längsschnitt durch eine Steigleitung mit einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer Druckminderungsvorrichtungnach der vorliegenden Erfindung.
In the following, a non-limiting embodiment to be discussed with reference to the drawing. In this show:
Fig. 1
a perspective sketched longitudinal elevation of a 50-storey skyscraper with only one extinguishing water pressure zone, wherein an embodiment of the present invention is used,
Fig. 2
a longitudinal section through a riser with an embodiment of a pressure reducing device according to the invention, and
Fig. 3
a longitudinal section through a riser with a further embodiment of a pressure reducing device according to the present invention.

Fig. 1 zeigt einen perspektivisch skizzierten Längsaufriß eines 50-stöckigen Hochhauses 1 mit nur einer Löschwasserdruckzone, worin eine Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung zum Einsatz gelangt Das Hochhaus 1 weist ein Tiefgeschoß mit Tiefgarage T und 50 Etagen OG auf, von denen nicht alle Etagen jeweilig einzeln dargestellt sind. Fig. 1 shows a perspective sketched longitudinal elevation of a 50-story high-rise building 1 with only one extinguishing water pressure zone, wherein an embodiment of the present invention is used The high-rise building 1 has a basement with underground garage T and 50 floors OG , of which not all floors are shown individually.

Auf den einzelnen Etagen OG befinden sich Entnahmestationen 2, die an eine einzige gemeinsame Wasserleitung 3, 3a - zu den oberen Etagen OG als Steigleitung 3 ausgebildet - angeschlossen sind, über die die Entnahmestationen 2 seitens einer im Tiefgeschoß befindlichen Pumpe 4 mit Wasser versorgt werden. Die Pumpe 4 weist einen drehzahlgeregelten Pumpenantrieb auf, der von einem Computersystem 5 über eine Schnittstelle zur Ausgabe eines Drehzahlsollwertes 6 angesteuert werden kann. Das Computersystem (der Computer) 5 verfügt des weiteren über eine Schnittstelle zum Anschluß von Detektoren 7 zur Detektion einer Wasserentnahme an einer der Entnahmestationen 2, 2a. Diese Schnittstelle 7 ist mit dem jeweiligen Detektoren an den Entnahmestellen 2, 2a jeweils über eine Signalleitung 8, 8a verbunden, um so die Auslösung des Detektors an das Computersystem 5 melden zu können. Diese Signalleitungen 8, 8a werden vorzugsweise sternförmig verlaufend an den Computer 5 angeschlossen und - besonders bevorzugterweise - auf Kabelbruch und/oder Kurzschluß überwacht, was z.B. mit einem entsprechenden Leitungsüberwachungsmodul (etwa einem Modul mit Widerstandsnetzwerk, z.B. einer Leitungsüberwachung von der Fa. Walluszek GmbH, 01591 Riesa) möglich ist. Besonders bevorzugterweise verlegt man die sternförmig vom Computer 5 zu den Detektoren verlaufenden Signalleitungen 8, 8a soweit als möglich gemeinsam in einem Kabelbaum oder nebeneinanderliegend auf einer gemeinsamen Kabelpritsche, so daß ein Brand an einem Ort dort alle Signalleitungen in etwa gleichzeitig angreift. Geschieht dies, so wird für alle diese Leitungen ein Kurzschluß und/oder ein Bruch, also ein Fehler detektiert. Nach der vorliegenden Erfindung führt dies dazu, daß der Versorgungsdruck dann - soweit vorher noch keine Wasserentnahme detektiert wurde - auf den niedrigsten Wasserdrucksollwert der Entnahmestationen, für die ein Fehler detektiert wurde, eingestellt wird. Brennt es also beispielsweise zwischen der zweiten und der dritten Etage 2.OG, 3.OG, so wird nach kurzer Zeit für alle Signalleitungen 8 die oberhalb der 2. Etage 2.OG liegen, ein Fehler gemeldet, da der dortige Brand alle diese Leitungen angreift und entweder zu einem Kurzschluß oder (später) sogar zu einem Kabelbruch führt. Hingegen bleiben die Leitungen 8, die zur ersten und zweiten Etage 1.OG, 2.OG führen - jedenfalls zunächst noch - unbeschädigt. Der nach der vorliegenden Erfindung arbeitende Computer 5 stellt den Versorgungsdruck nun so ein, daß er dem Versorgungsdrucksollwert entspricht, der dem niedrigsten Wasserdrucksollwert der Entnahmestationen enstpricht, für die ein Fehler detektiert wurde. Der niedrigste Wasserdrucksollwert einer Entnahmestation, für die ein Fehler detektiert wurde, ist in diesem Fall der Wasserdrucksollwert der dritten Etage 3.OG. Auf diesen Wert wird somit der Versorgungsdruck eingestellt und steht sodann für die dortigen Löscharbeiten zur Verfügung. Alternativ zur herkömmlichen sternförmigen Verlegung von Signalleitungen mit Bruch-/Kurzschlußüberwachung üblicher Art, kann natürlich auch ein moderneres Bussystem Verwendung finden, das z.B. über aktive Signaldetektoren und/oder aktive weitere Meldeglieder verfügt, die regelmäßig über den Bus bei einer Zentrale, also z.B. dem Computer 5 ihre Bereitschaft melden. Fällt ein solches Bereitschaftssignal - ähnlich wie ein sogenannter Totmann-Taster - über einen bestimmten, festzulegenden Zeitraum aus, so liegt an dieser Stelle ein Fehler - z.B. ein Leitungsbruch oder Kurzschluß oder ein Ausfall des Signaldetektors vor -. Schließt man den Signaldetektor über einen zusätzlichen zweiten Signalbus im Wege einer getrennt, d.h. auf einem räumlich anderen Weg verlegten, weiteren Leitung zusätzlich an die Zentrale an, so kann mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit zudem noch unterschieden werden, ob es sich bei dem Fehler um einen solchen der Leitung (also Bruch oder Kurzschluß) oder einen Fehler des Detektors handelt. Meldet sich der Detektor nämlich auf nur einer der beiden Signalleitungen, so ist die andere Leitung fehlerbehaftet, meldet er sich auf keiner der beiden - räumlich getrennt verlegten Leitungen -, so liegt wahrscheinlich ein Fehler am Detektor selbst oder ein Fehlerereignis (etwa ein Brand) in der unmittelbaren Umgebung des Detektors vor.On the individual floors OG are removal stations 2 , which are connected to a single common water pipe 3 , 3a - formed to the upper floors OG as riser 3 - connected, via which the removal stations 2 are supplied by a pump located in the basement pump 4 with water. The pump 4 has a speed-controlled pump drive, which can be controlled by a computer system 5 via an interface for outputting a speed setpoint 6 . The computer system (the computer) 5 further has an interface for connecting detectors 7 for detecting a water withdrawal at one of the removal stations 2 , 2a . This interface 7 is connected to the respective detectors at the sampling points 2, 2a each connected via a signal line 8, 8a, in order to use this as the trigger of the detector to the computer system. 5 These signal lines 8 , 8a are preferably connected in a star-shaped manner to the computer 5 and-particularly preferably-monitored for cable breakage and / or short-circuit, for example, with a corresponding line monitoring module (such as a module with resistor network, eg a line monitoring of the company. Walluszek GmbH). 01591 Riesa) is possible. Particularly preferably laid the star-shaped running from the computer 5 to the detectors signal lines 8, 8a as far as possible together in a wire harness or side by side on a common cable rack, so that a fire at a location there all signal lines attacked approximately simultaneously. If this happens, a short circuit and / or a break, ie an error, is detected for all these lines. According to the present invention, this results in that the supply pressure is then adjusted to the lowest water pressure set point of the sampling stations for which an error has been detected, unless previously detected water removal. If it burns, for example, between the second and the third floor 2nd floor , 3rd floor , so after a short time for all signal lines 8 which are above the 2nd floor 2nd floor , reported an error, since the local fire all these lines attacks and either leads to a short circuit or (later) even to a cable break. On the other hand, the lines 8 that lead to the first and second floor 1st floor, 2nd floor - at least initially - undamaged. The computer 5 operating in accordance with the present invention now adjusts the supply pressure to match the supply pressure set point corresponds to the lowest water pressure setpoint of the sampling stations for which an error was detected. The lowest water pressure setpoint of a sampling station for which an error has been detected is in this case the 3rd floor water pressure set point. The supply pressure is thus set to this value and is then available for the local extinguishing work. As an alternative to the conventional star-shaped laying of signal lines with breakage / short-circuit monitoring of the conventional type, a modern bus system can naturally also be used which has, for example, active signal detectors and / or active additional signaling elements which are regularly routed via the bus to a control center, eg the computer 5 report their readiness. If such a ready signal - similar to a so-called deadman button - over a certain period to be determined, so there is at this point an error - eg a line break or short circuit or failure of the signal detector before -. If one connects the signal detector via an additional second signal bus in the way of a separate, ie laid on a spatially different way, further line in addition to the center, so can also be distinguished with high probability in addition, whether it is the error to such a Line (ie break or short circuit) or a fault of the detector acts. Namely, if the detector reports on only one of the two signal lines, the other line is faulty, if it does not respond to either of the two physically separated lines, then there is probably a fault in the detector itself or a fault event (such as a fire) the immediate vicinity of the detector.

Auch im Tiefgeschoß befindet sich eine Entnahmestation 2a in der Tiefgarage T. Das Computersystem 5 ist nun durch entsprechende Programmierung entsprechend der vorliegenden Erfindung in der Lage, die Löschwasseranlage des Hochhauses 1 erfindungsgemäß zu steuern oder zu regeln.Also in the basement there is a removal station 2a in the underground garage T. The computer system 5 is now by appropriate programming according to the present invention in a position to control the extinguishing water system of the high-rise building 1 according to the invention or to regulate.

Dabei wird beim Auslösen des Löschwassermodus auf einen für jede Etage hinterlegten Versorgungsdruck (auch Pumpendruck genannt, also der durch die Pumpe in der Druckzone erzeugte Wasserdruck) zurückgegriffen, der an der gewünschten Entnahmestelle 2, 2a den geforderten Fließdruck - etwa geforderte 4,5 bar - zur Verfügung stellt. Wird hiernach etwa in der 50.-ten Etage 50.OG Löschwasseralarm ausgelöst, muß die Pumpe 4 einen Versorgungsdruck von z.B. 20,5 bar erzeugen, um die geforderten 4,5 bar auf der 50.-ten Etage 50.OG zu erzielen. Wird hingegen ein Hydrant 2a in der Tiefgarage T betätigt, hat die Pumpe 4 lediglich einen Versorgungsdruck von beispielsweise 5 bar herzustellen, um dort den gleichen Fließdruck von 4,5 bar zu erreichen. Die entsprechenden Werte sind hinterlegt und müssen im Falle der Auslösung auf einer bestimmten Etage OG nur noch durch den Computer 5 - etwa im Speicher (Arbeits- und/oder Massenspeicher) - für diese Etage abgefragt werden, der dann die Pumpe 4 vermittels eines Drehzahlwertes entsprechend ansteuert oder auch, falls ein entsprechender höherer Druck bereits vorherrscht ein Ablaßventil 11 freigibt, bis der Druck erreicht oder (gerade eben) unterschritten ist, worauf die Pumpe dann wieder auf den erforderlichen Drehzahlwert gebracht wird.This is when triggering the extinguishing water mode to a stored for each floor supply pressure (also called pump pressure, ie the pressure generated by the pump in the pressure zone) resorted to the required discharge point 2 , 2a the required flow pressure - about 4.5 bar required - provides. If, after this, 50.OG firefighting alarm is triggered approximately in the 50th floor, the pump 4 must generate a supply pressure of eg 20.5 bar in order to achieve the required 4.5 bar on the 50th floor 50.OG. If, by contrast, a hydrant 2a is actuated in the underground car park T , the pump 4 has only one Supply pressure of 5 bar, for example, to achieve the same flow pressure of 4.5 bar. The corresponding values are stored and must be queried in the case of triggering on a certain floor OG only by the computer 5 - for example in the memory (work and / or mass storage) - for this floor, then the pump 4 by means of a speed value accordingly controls or, if a corresponding higher pressure already prevails a release valve 11 releases until the pressure is reached or (just now) below, whereupon the pump is then brought back to the required speed value.

Kommt es nun nach dem Brandereignis in der 50.-ten Etage 50.OG zu einem späteren Brandereignis in der Tiefgarage T, so wäre dort der maximal erlaubte Fließdruck von 8 bar erheblich überschritten.If, after the fire event on the 50th floor 50.OG , a subsequent fire event occurs in the underground car park T , the maximum permissible flow pressure of 8 bar would be significantly exceeded.

Hier setzt nun aber die vorliegende Erfindung ein, die nicht nur die Einstellung des Fließdrucks an der jeweiligen Entnahmestation 2, 2a nach Detektion einer Wasserentnahme auf den für diese Entnahmestation 2 höchst zulässigen Wasserdrucksollwert einstellt, was etwa in Abhängigkeit von der geodätischen Höhe 9 der Entnahmestation 2 in der 50.-ten Etage 50.OG über die Drehzahlregelung des Pumpenantriebs erfolgt, dessen Pumpe 4 die Entnahmestation 2 über die Steigleitung 3 mit Wasser versorgt, sondern zudem auch im Falle der Detektion der Wasserentnahme an einer weiteren Entnahmestation 2a - hier in der Tiefgarage T - zudem auch den Fließdruck auf den für diese Entnahmestation 2a, an der eine (weitere) Wasserentnahme detektiert ist, höchst zulässigen Wert anpaßt, wobei auch dies (zumindest) in Abhängigkeit von der geodätischen Höhe der jeweiligen Entnahmestationen 2, 2a über die Drehzahlregelung der Pumpe 4 und/oder ein Ablaßventil 11 und/oder auch eine Druckabbaupumpe (somit also über eine Einstellung des Versorgungsdrucks) erfolgt.Here, however, the present invention begins, which not only adjusts the setting of the flow pressure at the respective removal station 2 , 2a after detection of a water removal to the maximum permissible for this sampling station 2 water pressure setpoint, which is approximately dependent on the geodetic height 9 of the removal station. 2 50.OG on the speed control of the pump drive takes place in the 50.-th floor, the pump 4, the extraction station 2 via the riser 3 is supplied with water, but also in the case of detection of water removal at a further removal station 2a - here in the basement garage T - also the flow pressure on the for this sampling station 2a , where a (further) water extraction is detected, maximum value adapts, which also (at least) depending on the geodetic height of the respective sampling stations 2 , 2a on the speed control of Pump 4 and / or a drain valve 11 and / or a pressure reduction pe (thus thus via an adjustment of the supply pressure) takes place.

Dabei ist hier ein ein Rückschlagventil 10, vorzugsweise in Gestalt einer Rückschlagklappe vorgesehen, das in aufwärts weisender Strömungsrichtung des Wassers von der Wasserdruckquelle zur Wasserentnahmestelle hin öffnet und in Umkehrrichtung dadurch nur beinahe schließt, indem es eine Öffnung aufweist, die so ausgestaltet ist, daß das Wasser hierdurch in Gegenrichtung zur vorgenannten Strömungsrichtung infolge der Schwerkraft hindurch treten kann, um so den - in Aufwärtsströmungsrichtung gesehen - hinter dem Rückschlagventil liegenden Bereich des Wasserversorgungsrohres bei Schließen des Rückschlagventils frei von dem Druck zu stellen, der über den durch die Schwerkraft hervorgerufenen Druck hinausgeht. Hierdurch kann der Versorgungsdruck nachdem er zunächst für die Entnahmestation in der 50.-ten Etage 50.OG aufgebaut wurde rasch vermittels eines einfachen Ablaßventils auf das Niveau der Tiefgarage T abgesenkt werden, ohne teure Industrieventile mit großen Querschnitten verwenden zu müssen.Here, a check valve 10 is provided , preferably in the form of a non-return valve, which opens in upward flow direction of the water from the water pressure source to the water extraction point and in the reverse direction thereby almost only closes by having an opening which is designed such that the Water can thereby pass through in the opposite direction to the aforementioned flow direction due to gravity, so as to put the - located in the upward flow direction - behind the check valve region of the water supply pipe at closing of the check valve free of the pressure which goes beyond the pressure caused by gravity. As a result, the supply pressure after it was first set up for the removal station in the 50th floor 50.OG can be lowered quickly by means of a simple drain valve to the level of the underground car park T without having to use expensive industrial valves with large cross sections.

So kann die Löschwasseranlage etwa so betrieben werden, daß beim Eintreten des Brandereignisses in der Tiefgarage T der Drehzahlsollwert für dem Pumpenantrieb so vorgegeben wird, daß die Pumpe 4 dann nur noch einen Druck erzeugt, bei dem etwa nur 8 bar statt 15 bar in der Tiefgarage T anstehen. Hierbei wird bewußt in Kauf genommen, daß dabei der Fließdruck zur Brandbekämpfung in der 50-ten Etage 50.OG absinkt,da zu einem Zeitpunkt in der Regel nur von einem Brandbekämpfungsort auszugehen ist.Thus, the extinguishing water system can be operated approximately so that when entering the fire event in the parking garage T the speed setpoint for the pump drive is set so that the pump 4 then generates only a pressure at about 8 bar instead of 15 bar in the garage T pending. It is deliberately accepted that while the flow pressure for fire fighting in the 50th floor 50.OG drops, as at a time usually only one fire suppression location is assumed.

Fig. 2 zeigt einen Längsschnitt durch eine Steigleitung 3 mit einer Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Druckminderungsvorrichtung. Die Steigleitung 3 (Wasserversorgungsrohr) weist ein Rückschlagventil 10 - hier einen entlang einer Führung 12 in axialer Richtung des Wasserrohres 3 in einem bestimmten Bereich beweglichen Deckel 13 -, auf, das in aufwärts weisender Strömungsrichtung 14a des Wassers von der Wasserdruckquelle zur Wasserentnahmestelle hin öffnet - indem der Deckel 13 durch den Versorgungsdruck des Wassers nach oben hin gegen Pfosten 12b gedrückt wird, wodurch ein Verschließen des in dieser Richtung hin gelegenen Abschnitts des Rohres 3 verhindert wird - und in Umkehrrichtung 14b - in der der Deckel den in dieser Richtung liegenden Rohrteil vollständig abdeckt - dadurch nur beinahe schließt, weil eine Öffnung 15 vorgesehen ist, die so ausgestaltet ist, daß das Wasser hierdurch in Gegenrichtung 14b zur vorgenannten Strömungsrichtung 14a infolge der Schwerkraft hindurch treten kann, um so den - in Aufwärtsströmungsrichtung 14a gesehen - hinter dem Rückschlagventil 10 liegenden Bereich des Wasserversorgungsrohres 3 bei Schließen des Rückschlagventils 10 frei von dem Druck zu stellen, der über den durch die Schwerkraft hervorgerufenen Druck hinausgeht. Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section through a riser 3 with an embodiment of a pressure reducing device according to the invention. The riser 3 (water supply pipe) has a check valve 10 - here along a guide 12 in the axial direction of the water pipe 3 in a certain range movable cover 13 -, which opens in upward flow direction 14a of the water from the water pressure source to the water outlet point - by the lid 13 is pressed by the supply pressure of the water upwardly against post 12b, thereby sealing the back situated in this direction portion of the tube 3 is prevented - and in the reverse direction 14b - in which the cover completely the pipe part lying in this direction, covering - characterized only almost closes, because an opening 15 is provided which is designed so that the water thus can pass by gravity in the opposite direction 14b to the aforesaid flow direction 14a, so as to - as viewed in upward flow direction 14a - behind the non-return valve 10 lying area of Wa sserversorgungsrohres 3 when closing the check valve 10 to provide free of the pressure that goes beyond the pressure caused by gravity pressure.

Fig. 3 zeigt einen Längsschnitt durch eine Steigleitung 3 mit einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer Druckminderungsvorrichtungnach der vorliegenden Erfindung. Auch hier ist ein ein Wasserversorgungsrohr 3 (hier ebenfalls eine Steigleitung) zu sehen, das ein Rückschlagventil 10 aufweist, das in aufwärts weisender Strömungsrichtung 14a des Wassers von der Wasserdruckquelle zur Wasserentnahmestelle hin öffnet - nämlich vermittels einer schwenkbar um eine Achse 12c gelagerten Klappe 13a, die vorzugsweise auch hier gegen einen Pfosten 12b gedrückt wird, damit sie weniger als 90° öffnet und ihr Schließen durch den Wasserdruck so immer gewährleistet bleibt - und in Umkehrrichtung 14b - durch das abwärtsströmende Wasser, das die vorzugsweise nicht ganz senkrecht geöffnete Klappe 13a herunterdrückt - und dadurch nur beinahe schließt, weil es eine Öffnung 15 aufweist, die so ausgestaltet ist, daß das Wasser hierdurch in Gegenrichtung 14b zur vorgenannten Strömungsrichtung 14a infolge der Schwerkraft hindurch treten kann, um so den - in Aufwärtsströmungsrichtung 14a gesehen - hinter dem Rückschlagventil 10 liegenden Bereich des Wasserversorgungsrohres 3 bei Schließen des Rückschlagventils 10 frei von dem Druck zu stellen, der über den durch die Schwerkraft hervorgerufenen Druck hinausgeht. Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section through a riser 3 with a further embodiment of a pressure reducing device according to the present invention. Again, a water supply pipe 3 (here also a riser) can be seen, which has a check valve 10 , which in upwardly facing flow direction 14a of the water from the water pressure source towards the water tapping point opens - namely by means of a pivotally mounted about an axis 12c flap 13a , which is preferably pressed against a post 12b here, so that it opens less than 90 ° and their closing so always guaranteed by the water pressure remains - and in the reverse direction 14b - By the downwardly flowing water, which pushes down the preferably not completely perpendicularly open flap 13a - and thereby almost only closes, because it has an opening 15 which is designed so that the water thereby in the opposite direction 14b to the aforementioned flow direction 14a due to gravity can occur, so as to set the - seen in the upward flow direction 14a - behind the check valve 10 lying portion of the water supply pipe 3 when closing the check valve 10 free from the pressure which goes beyond the pressure caused by the force of gravity.

Claims (14)

  1. Computer system (5) comprising
    at least one data processing unit and at least one memory and also at least one interface for connection of a detector or multiple detectors for the respective detection of a water removal or a fault at a removal station (7), and an interface for outputting a rotational speed set point to a pump drive (6), the data processing unit being programmed in such a way that it operates in accordance with a method for water pressure regulation or control in a pressure zone, in which, following the detection of a water removal, the supply pressure at the respective removal station (2, 2a) is adapted by adjusting the maximum permissible supply pressure set point for this removal station (2, 2a), the supply pressure being adjusted at least respectively on the basis of the geodetic height (9) of the removal station (2, 2a) via the rotational speed control or rotational speed regulation of the pump drive (6), of which the pump (4) supplies the removal station (2, 2a) with water, wherein
    - in the event of the detection of the water removal at at least one further removal station (2, 2a)
    the new supply pressure being adjusted to the maximum permissible supply pressure set point for this further removal station (2, 2a) at which a water removal is detected,
    characterized in that
    - in the event of a fault detection at at least one further removal station (2, 2a), if previously no water removal has been detected, the new supply pressure is adjusted to the lowest supply pressure set point for all removal stations (2, 2a) at which a fault is detected.
  2. Computer system (5) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the supply pressure is also adjusted on the basis of pipe friction losses.
  3. Computer system (5) according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the detection of the water removal at the removal station (2, 2a) is carried out by means of a measuring element, which is triggered upon manual actuation of a removal point (2, 2a).
  4. Computer system (5) according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the detection of the water removal at the removal station (2, 2a) is carried out by means of a measuring element which is triggered when a specific water volume flow is reached and/or exceeded.
  5. Computer system (5) according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the detection of the fault at the removal station (2, 2a) is carried out by determining a cable breakage.
  6. Computer system (5) according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the detection of the fault at the removal station (2, 2a) is carried out by determining a short circuit.
  7. Computer system (5) according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the rotational speed control or rotational speed regulation is carried out via a preferably brushless DC drive as pump drive.
  8. Computer system (5) according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the rotational speed control or rotational speed regulation is carried out via a frequency-controlled drive as pump drive.
  9. Computer system (5) according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that for the case in which a pressure reduction is intended to be carried out as a result, the supply pressure is at least also adjusted in that an actuator or control element, preferably a water discharge valve, is opened or a pressure reduction pump for pressure reduction is operated until the new supply pressure is reached or undershot.
  10. Computer system (5) according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that after the cessation of all the water removal detections and the cessation of all fault detections at the removal stations (2, 2a), the supply pressure is adjusted to the set point which corresponds to the maximum permissible supply pressure of all the removal stations in the pressure zone.
  11. Computer system (5) according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the computer system also has an interface for connection to a pressure sensor.
  12. Computer system (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the computer system also has an interface for driving an actuator, preferably a discharge valve.
  13. Water pressure regulation or control system for water pressure regulation or control of a pressure zone, comprising a computer system (5) according to one of Claims 1 to 12 and detectors for the respective detection of a water removal or of a fault at a removal station, which are connected to the computer system (5) via the interface for the connection of a detector or multiple detectors (7), and also a pump (4) which supplies the removal stations (2, 2a) with water, comprising a pump drive, the rotational speed of which can be predefined via the interface for outputting the rotational speed set point (6), wherein the computer system (5) is connected to the pump drive via the interface for outputting the rotational speed set point (6).
  14. Water pressure regulation or control system for water pressure regulation or control of a pressure zone according to Claim 13, characterized in that the system also has a pressure sensor which measures the respective supply pressure.
EP15002566.6A 2010-04-30 2011-04-20 Method and system for water pressure regulation or control in a pressure zone Active EP2975183B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010019110A DE102010019110A1 (en) 2010-04-30 2010-04-30 Method and system for regulating or controlling the pressure in a pressure zone and device for carrying out and operating the same
EP11733553.9A EP2563980B1 (en) 2010-04-30 2011-04-20 Method of controlling the water pressure in a pressure zone

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11733553.9A Division EP2563980B1 (en) 2010-04-30 2011-04-20 Method of controlling the water pressure in a pressure zone

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EP2975183A1 EP2975183A1 (en) 2016-01-20
EP2975183B1 true EP2975183B1 (en) 2018-05-30

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CN (1) CN102859084B (en)
DE (2) DE102010019110A1 (en)
DK (2) DK2975183T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1174373A1 (en)
SG (1) SG185069A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2011134455A2 (en)

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CN110618708A (en) * 2018-06-20 2019-12-27 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 Method and device for controlling water inflow and water taking container
DE102021106479A1 (en) 2021-03-17 2022-09-22 Schell Gmbh & Co. Kg Drinking water installation system and fitting for a drinking water installation system

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Publication number Publication date
HK1174373A1 (en) 2013-06-07
DK2975183T3 (en) 2018-09-10
EP2563980B1 (en) 2015-09-16
WO2011134455A3 (en) 2012-04-26
DE202011110761U1 (en) 2016-03-07
EP2563980A2 (en) 2013-03-06
DK2563980T3 (en) 2015-12-14
CN102859084B (en) 2014-12-03
SG185069A1 (en) 2012-12-28
DE102010019110A1 (en) 2011-11-03
EP2975183A1 (en) 2016-01-20
CN102859084A (en) 2013-01-02
WO2011134455A2 (en) 2011-11-03

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