EP2966223B1 - Interlocking paving block and paving laid with same - Google Patents

Interlocking paving block and paving laid with same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2966223B1
EP2966223B1 EP15001987.5A EP15001987A EP2966223B1 EP 2966223 B1 EP2966223 B1 EP 2966223B1 EP 15001987 A EP15001987 A EP 15001987A EP 2966223 B1 EP2966223 B1 EP 2966223B1
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primary
paving
stone
connecting portions
neighboring
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EP15001987.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2966223A1 (en
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Detlef Schröder
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Priority to SI201531903T priority Critical patent/SI2966223T1/en
Priority to HRP20221409TT priority patent/HRP20221409T1/en
Priority to RS20221077A priority patent/RS63823B1/en
Publication of EP2966223A1 publication Critical patent/EP2966223A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C2201/00—Paving elements
    • E01C2201/02—Paving elements having fixed spacing features

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a paving stone with a top surface, a bottom surface and a multiplicity of side surfaces, with a multiplicity of parallel vertical projecting strip-shaped composite sections being arranged on at least one side surface, which, when the paving stone is in the laid state, are connected to composite sections on a side surface of an adjacent paving stone in a rack-and-pinion manner , but only interact with minimal contact.
  • Corresponding composite systems of paving stones are used to prevent displacement between two paving stones in the event of a corresponding horizontal load (e.g. truck braking).
  • a joint bonding system usually consists of vertical strip-shaped sections arranged in the plan like a rack and pinion, but only with minimal contact on the side surfaces of the stones, which, with correspondingly arranged vertical strip-shaped sections on the side surfaces of the neighboring stones, cause a displacement by largely contact-free meshing of the teeth of neighboring stones prevent the stones in the direction of the joint against each other.
  • a cobblestone is known.
  • a lower primary composite system is formed by so-called joint securing sections, which are designed in the form of strips or bases.
  • joint securing sections which are designed in the form of strips or bases.
  • EP 1 335 069 thus discloses a paving stone having a top surface, a bottom surface and a plurality of side surfaces, with a plurality of parallel vertical projecting strip-shaped composite sections being arranged on at least one side surface, which in the laid state of the paving stone cooperate with composite sections on a side surface of an adjacent same paving stone in a rack-and-pinion manner , wherein the paving stone in the lower area on the at least one side face has a primary composite system with a primary composite section and in the area above it a secondary composite system that is geometrically and functionally different from the primary composite system and that includes the parallel vertical strip-shaped composite sections as secondary composite sections, wherein the primary composite portion is formed so that in the laid state results in a narrow joint to the primary composite section and/or the side surface of the neighboring block, and the secondary composite sections are designed in such a way that there is a comparatively wide joint to the secondary composite sections and/or the side surface of the neighboring block, and wherein the primary The composite section is formed by a large number
  • the paving element described has a base with flat side surfaces and projecting composite sections arranged above them. When laying of the paving elements, the flat side surfaces of adjacent elements abut against each other.
  • the DE 20 2006 013 475 U1 describes a paver having lower primary bond sections and upper secondary bond sections. When the stones are laid, the lower composite sections collide with the flat side surfaces of neighboring stones .
  • the EP 1 036 882 A1 describes a paver having vertical batten-shaped top bond sections and horizontal batten-shaped bottom compound sections between the top compound sections.
  • the upper bonded sections of one block abut against the lower bonded sections of the other block, resulting in point or linear contact between the bonded sections.
  • the lower composite sections are destroyed when the pavement is jarred.
  • the present invention is based on the object of creating a paving stone of the type described at the outset with which paving surfaces that are particularly resistant to horizontal displacements can be laid.
  • this object is achieved by a paving stone according to patent claim 1 .
  • a paving stone with two composite systems that fulfill different functions is thus made available.
  • the double joint bonding system according to the invention makes use of the fact that in the laid state in the lower stone area no critical loads for the paving structure are transferred to the neighboring stone, so that as a result there is only a very low buffering requirement in this area, which is not critical for the stone according to the invention, which also applies to a narrow joint can be met.
  • a primary bonded system of the rack and pinion type is used, but with minimal contact with narrow joints (without effective buffering between the bonded sections of adjacent bricks), which, because of the narrow width of the joints, allows for displacement of adjacent bricks relative to one another at a for the system reduced to an uncritical extent.
  • the system is supplemented by a secondary composite system in the upper block area, also in the manner of toothed racks with the distances between the compound sections of adjacent blocks that are usual in conventional systems to accommodate the buffering joint material that is particularly necessary in the upper critical block area.
  • the inventive goal is achieved, while maintaining the damage-prone but necessary distances between the composite sections of adjacent stones in other systems that cause possible pavement damage in these systems To rule out displacements between adjacent stones via the effect of the narrow joints of the primary composite system.
  • laying is simplified with the paving stone according to the invention, since the joint widths according to the guidelines are automatically set during laying (the paving stones can be placed directly against one another) and since the joint width in the upper critical joint area is automatically specified by the lower primary composite system. Furthermore, the primary composite system achieves a lower joint closure. This is achieved by the fact that the joint material can only escape downwards to a (very) small extent.
  • the primary composite system is designed in such a way that its primary composite section forms a narrow joint with the primary composite section of the primary composite system of the neighboring block when laid. Therefore, when laid, the stones in the lower area (in the area of the primary composite system) are separated by a narrow joint. This should not rule out the possibility that the joint width can also vary slightly in this area, for example due to imprecise manufacture of the stones, corresponding stone abrasion, etc.
  • the design of the primary composite section of the primary composite system is concerned, in a first embodiment of the invention it is formed by a continuous horizontal bar. Starting from this bar, the composite sections of the secondary composite system extend upwards at a distance from one another. When the stones are placed next to each other, the horizontal strips of the neighboring stones, which are designed to complement one another, interlock in such a way that a comparatively narrow joint results.
  • the continuous horizontal strip can, for example, be designed to meander on its front side, but also others Take forms, for example, have projections and recesses of any shape.
  • the primary composite section is formed from a plurality of discrete projecting composite sections. In the laid state, these individual bonded sections of adjacent blocks preferably interlock with a small spacing between the bonded sections of adjacent blocks arranged in the manner of a toothed rack.
  • the primary composite section in the form of the continuous horizontal strip or the multiplicity of individual composite sections protrudes further than the composite sections of the secondary composite system.
  • the individual secondary composite sections are arranged as an extension of the composite sections of the primary composite system. This results in a jump between the two composite systems at the end face of the composite sections.
  • the continuous horizontal strip or the individual composite sections of the primary composite system can have small protruding projections.
  • Such lugs may extend the full height of the primary composite section or only a portion of that height. They are used when a certain minimum size is to be achieved for the narrow joints of the primary composite system.
  • the primary composite system is arranged in the lower area of at least one side surface.
  • the primary composite section preferably extends over about 1/10-1/5 of the height of a side face of the paving stone. This does not constitute a limitation. It is important that the primary composite system is arranged in the lower, non-critical area of the stone, where there are fewer or no forces or moments that are caused by horizontal forces acting on the upper side of the paving stones with the corresponding rotational effects.
  • the primary composite system is formed such that its primary composite section tapers slightly upwards.
  • the present invention also relates to a paving composed of a plurality of such paving stones.
  • figure 1 shows two conventional paving stones 1, 2, which have a rectangular shape in horizontal section. Both paving stones are provided with corresponding composite sections 3 on their side surfaces, only the composite sections on one side surface being shown here.
  • the composite sections 3 are strip-shaped, vertically protruding sections which are approximately semicircular in horizontal section.
  • the composite sections 3 are arranged at a distance from one another, with the composite sections of a neighboring stone engaging in the interspaces between the composite sections of the other stone in the manner of a toothed rack. As a result, a corresponding shift protection against horizontal thrust is formed, with the interlocking composite sections, however, not being close to one another, but leaving corresponding buffer spaces for joint material.
  • figure 2 shows a three-dimensional view of the interlocking composite systems of two paving stones 10, 11 placed one against the other according to the invention.
  • the paving stones each have a lower primary composite system 14 and an upper secondary composite system 12 on at least one side face.
  • the upper secondary Composite system 12 has a series of strip-shaped composite sections 13, which essentially correspond to the strip-shaped composite sections 3 in figure 1 illustrated embodiment correspond to the prior art. These composite sections 13 protrude from the respective side surface, are approximately semi-circular and have a corresponding distance from one another. How one figure 2 can be seen, a buffer space is formed between the individual composite sections 13 of the secondary composite system 12 of the neighboring stones, which is to be filled with suitable joint material.
  • the primary composite system 14 arranged in the lower area has a primary composite section 15 which, in this embodiment, is designed as a continuous horizontal strip composed of nothing but the same composite elements A.
  • the narrow joint between the composite elements of adjacent stones is designed in the form of a snake, with the two primary composite sections 15 being in engagement with one another in the manner of a toothed rack when the two stones are placed one against the other.
  • the protruding sections 15 of the composite system 14 are arranged in extension of the composite sections 13 of the secondary composite system 12 and protrude further in the direction perpendicular to the side surface of the block than the composite sections 13. Between the composite sections 13 and the protruding areas of the continuous strip of the primary composite system 14 a step is formed.
  • the bonded sections 13 of the secondary bonded system In the assembled state, the bonded sections 13 of the secondary bonded system have a spacing both from the side surface of the neighboring stone and from the bonded sections 13 of the neighboring stone, which joint material absorbs the high forces to be transmitted in the upper stone area.
  • figure 3 12 shows a further embodiment in which the primary composite section 15 tapers slightly upwards and merges into the secondary composite sections 13 via a step.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Pflasterstein mit einer Deckfläche, einer Unterfläche und einer Vielzahl von Seitenflächen, wobei auf mindestens einer Seitenfläche eine Vielzahl von parallelen vertikalen vorstehenden leistenförmigen Verbundabschnitten angeordnet ist, die im verlegten Zustand des Pflastersteines mit Verbundabschnitten auf einer Seitenfläche eines benachbarten Pflastersteines nach Zahnstangenart, aber nur mit minimalem Kontakt zusammenwirken.The present invention relates to a paving stone with a top surface, a bottom surface and a multiplicity of side surfaces, with a multiplicity of parallel vertical projecting strip-shaped composite sections being arranged on at least one side surface, which, when the paving stone is in the laid state, are connected to composite sections on a side surface of an adjacent paving stone in a rack-and-pinion manner , but only interact with minimal contact.

Entsprechende Verbundsysteme von Pflastersteinen dienen der Verschiebesicherung zwischen zwei Pflastersteinen bei einer entsprechenden Horizontalbelastung (beispielsweise LKW-Bremsvorgängen). Ein derartiges Fugenverbundsystem besteht in der Regel aus im Grundriss nach Zahnstangenart, aber nur mit minimalem Kontakt an den Seitenflächen der Steine angeordneten senkrechten leistenförmigen Abschnitten, die mit entsprechend angeordneten senkrechten leistenförmigen Abschnitten auf den Seitenflächen der Nachbarsteine durch weitgehend kontaktfreies Ineinandergreifen der Zähne benachbarter Steine eine Verschiebung der Steine in Fugenrichtung gegeneinander verhindern.Corresponding composite systems of paving stones are used to prevent displacement between two paving stones in the event of a corresponding horizontal load (e.g. truck braking). Such a joint bonding system usually consists of vertical strip-shaped sections arranged in the plan like a rack and pinion, but only with minimal contact on the side surfaces of the stones, which, with correspondingly arranged vertical strip-shaped sections on the side surfaces of the neighboring stones, cause a displacement by largely contact-free meshing of the teeth of neighboring stones prevent the stones in the direction of the joint against each other.

Letztlich entscheidet bei herkömmlichen Verbundsystemen immer die einwandfreie Verlegung darüber, ob man bei einem Pflaster eine lange schadensfreie Nutzungsdauer erwarten kann. Leider werden jedoch die Pflastersteine unter Zeit- und Kostendruck oft nicht mit dem richtlinienmäßigen Abstand verlegt, der Raum für pufferndes Fugenmaterial sichert. Weil es einfacher ist, werden die Steine häufig mit einem direkten Stein-Stein-Kontakt verlegt, der auch im oberen Steinbereich wirksam wird, wo der größte Teil der Horizontalkräfte auf den Nachbarstein übertragen wird und wo eine ausreichende Pufferung für ein langlebiges Pflaster unbedingt erforderlich ist.Ultimately, with conventional composite systems, it is always the flawless installation that decides whether you can expect a long, damage-free service life from a pavement can. Unfortunately, however, due to time and cost pressure, the paving stones are often not laid with the guideline distance that ensures space for buffering joint material. Because it is easier, the stones are often laid with direct stone-stone contact, which is also effective in the upper stone area, where most of the horizontal forces are transferred to the neighboring stone and where sufficient buffering is essential for a durable pavement .

Auch bei Einhaltung richtliniengemäßer Fugenbreiten werden die Fugen oft nicht sachgerecht gefüllt. Es wird beispielsweise zu weiches Material verwendet, das unter Belastung zermahlen wird. Die Fugen werden nur unzureichend gefüllt (und in vielen Fällen wird das Fugenmaterial nicht ausreichend verdichtet). Des Weiteren wird bei der Abstimmung von Bettungs- und Fugenmaterial die Filterstabilität nicht berücksichtigt. Durch diese Fehler entsteht ein Defizit an belastbarem Fugenmaterial und dadurch ein Verschiebepotential zwischen benachbarten Steinen auch bei Systemen mit den oben erläuterten Verbundsystemen.Even if the joint widths in accordance with the guidelines are observed, the joints are often not properly filled. For example, material that is too soft is used, which is ground up under load. The joints are insufficiently filled (and in many cases the joint material is not sufficiently compacted). Furthermore, the filter stability is not taken into account when matching the bedding and joint material. These errors result in a deficit of resilient joint material and thus a shifting potential between neighboring stones, even in systems with the composite systems explained above.

Selbst bei einem optimal verlegten Pflaster kann es bei den bisherigen Verbundsystemen dadurch zu Schäden kommen, dass bei hohen Belastungen das unverzichtbare puffernde Fugenmaterial teilweise entfernt oder zusammengepresst wird und dadurch kleine Verschiebungen zwischen den Steinen entstehen, die sich zu relevanten Schäden addieren.

  • Einerseits werden die Steine oft nicht einwandfrei verlegt, was schadensträchtige Stein-Stein-Kontakte in den kritischen oberen Steinbereichen zur Folge hat.
  • Andererseits bildet bei einwandfreier Positionierung der Steine insbesondere in Fugenrichtung der zur Aufnahme puffernden Materiales zwischen den Verbundabschnitten benachbarter Steine notwendige Raum ein schadensträchtiges aber unvermeidbares Verschiebungspotential, insbesondere wenn die Fugen nicht ausreichend oder mit ungeeignetem Material gefüllt sind.
Even with an optimally laid pavement, damage can occur with the previous composite systems because the indispensable buffering joint material is partially removed or compressed under high loads, resulting in small displacements between the stones, which add up to relevant damage.
  • On the one hand, the stones are often not laid correctly, which results in damage-prone stone-stone contacts in the critical upper stone areas.
  • On the other hand, if the stones are correctly positioned, especially in the direction of the joints, the space required to accommodate the buffering material between the bonded sections of adjacent stones creates a damaging but unavoidable displacement potential, especially if the joints are not filled sufficiently or with unsuitable material.

Das ist (auch bei technisch perfekten Verbundsystemen) eine immer wiederkehrende Schadensursache und bisher nur durch eine schwer kontrollierbare absolut einwandfreie Verlegung vermeidbar.This is a recurring cause of damage (even in the case of technically perfect bonded systems) and so far can only be avoided by laying the tiles in a way that is difficult to control and absolutely flawless.

Aus der EP 1 335 069 A2 ist ein Pflasterstein bekannt. Bei diesem bekannten Pflasterstein wird ein unteres primäres Verbundsystem von sogenannten Fugensicherungsabschnitten gebildet, die leistenförmig bzw. sockelförmig ausgebildet sind. Beim Verlegen der Pflastersteine stoßen die sockelförmigen Abschnitte gegen die leistenförmigen Abschnitte des Nachbarsteines, so dass sich ein punktförmiger bzw. linearer Kontakt ergibt, der eine Verschiebungsmöglichkeit der Steine relativ zueinander parallel zu den Seitenflächen zulässt. EP 1 335 069 offenbart somit ein Pflasterstein mit einer Deckfläche, einer Unterfläche und einer Vielzahl von Seitenflächen, wobei auf mindestens einer Seitenfläche eine Vielzahl von parallelen vertikalen vorstehenden leistenförmigen Verbundabschnitten angeordnet ist, die im verlegten Zustand des Pflastersteines mit Verbundabschnitten auf einer Seitenfläche eines benachbarten gleichen Pflastersteines nach Zahnstangenart zusammenwirken, wobei der Pflasterstein im unteren Bereich auf der mindestens einen Seitenfläche ein primäres Verbundsystem mit einem primären Verbundabschnitt und im Bereich darüber ein sich von dem primären Verbundsystem geometrisch und funktionell unterscheidendes sekundäres Verbundsystem, das die parallelen vertikalen leistenförmigen Verbundabschnitte als sekundäre Verbundabschnitte umfasst, aufweist, wobei der primäre Verbundabschnitt so ausgebildet ist, dass sich im verlegten Zustand zum primären Verbundabschnitt und/oder der Seitenfläche des Nachbarsteines eine schmale Fuge ergibt, und die sekundären Verbundabschnitte so ausgebildet sind, dass sich zu den sekundären Verbundabschnitten und/oder der Seitenfläche des Nachbarsteines eine im Vergleich hierzu weite Fuge ergibt, und wobei der primäre Verbundabschnitt von einer Vielzahl von einzelnen vorstehenden Verbundabschnitten gebildet ist, wobei der primäre Verbundabschnitt weiter vorsteht als die vertikalen leistenförmigen Verbundabschnitte des sekundären Verbundsystems, so dass im aneinandergesetzten Zustand der Pflastersteine die vertikalen leistenförmigen Verbundabschnitte des sekundären Verbundsystems sowohl zur Seitenfläche des Nachbarsteines als auch zu den vertikalen leistenförmigen Verbundabschnitten des Nachbarsteines einen Abstand aufweisen, der Fugenmaterial zur Pufferung der im oberen Steinbereich hohen zu übertragenden Kräfte aufnimmt.From the EP 1 335 069 A2 a cobblestone is known. In this known paving stone, a lower primary composite system is formed by so-called joint securing sections, which are designed in the form of strips or bases. When the paving stones are laid, the base-shaped sections collide with the strip-shaped sections of the neighboring stone, resulting in point-like or linear contact that allows the stones to be displaced relative to one another parallel to the side faces. EP 1 335 069 thus discloses a paving stone having a top surface, a bottom surface and a plurality of side surfaces, with a plurality of parallel vertical projecting strip-shaped composite sections being arranged on at least one side surface, which in the laid state of the paving stone cooperate with composite sections on a side surface of an adjacent same paving stone in a rack-and-pinion manner , wherein the paving stone in the lower area on the at least one side face has a primary composite system with a primary composite section and in the area above it a secondary composite system that is geometrically and functionally different from the primary composite system and that includes the parallel vertical strip-shaped composite sections as secondary composite sections, wherein the primary composite portion is formed so that in the laid state results in a narrow joint to the primary composite section and/or the side surface of the neighboring block, and the secondary composite sections are designed in such a way that there is a comparatively wide joint to the secondary composite sections and/or the side surface of the neighboring block, and wherein the primary The composite section is formed by a large number of individual protruding composite sections, with the primary composite section protruding further than the vertical strip-shaped composite sections of the secondary composite system, so that when the paving stones are placed together, the vertical strip-shaped composite sections of the secondary composite system face both the side surface of the neighboring stone and the vertical ones Strip-shaped composite sections of the neighboring stone have a distance that absorbs joint material to buffer the high forces to be transmitted in the upper stone area.

Ein in der DE 43 39 816 A1 beschriebenes Pflasterelement besitzt einen Sockel mit ebenen Seitenflächen und darüber angeordneten vorstehenden Verbundabschnitten. Beim Verlegen der Pflasterelemente stoßen die ebenen Seitenflächen von benachbarten Elementen gegeneinander.An Indian DE 43 39 816 A1 The paving element described has a base with flat side surfaces and projecting composite sections arranged above them. When laying of the paving elements, the flat side surfaces of adjacent elements abut against each other.

Die DE 20 2006 013 475 U1 beschreibt einen Pflasterstein mit unteren primären Verbundabschnitten und oberen sekundären Verbundabschnitten. Beim Verlegen der Steine stoßen die unteren Verbundabschnitte gegen ebene Seitenflächen von Nachbarsteinen. the DE 20 2006 013 475 U1 describes a paver having lower primary bond sections and upper secondary bond sections. When the stones are laid, the lower composite sections collide with the flat side surfaces of neighboring stones .

Die EP 1 036 882 A1 beschreibt einen Pflasterstein, der vertikale leistenförmige obere Verbundabschnitte und horizontale leistenförmige untere Verbundabschnitte zwischen den oberen Verbundabschnitten aufweist. Beim Verlegen der Steine stoßen die oberen Verbundabschnitte des einen Steines gegen die unteren Verbundabschnitte des anderen Steines, wobei sich ein punktförmiger bzw. linearer Kontakt zwischen den Verbundabschnitten ergibt. Die unteren Verbundabschnitte werden beim Abrütteln des Pflasters zerstört.the EP 1 036 882 A1 describes a paver having vertical batten-shaped top bond sections and horizontal batten-shaped bottom compound sections between the top compound sections. When the blocks are laid, the upper bonded sections of one block abut against the lower bonded sections of the other block, resulting in point or linear contact between the bonded sections. The lower composite sections are destroyed when the pavement is jarred.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Pflasterstein der eingangs beschriebenen Art zu schaffen, mit dem sich gegen horizontale Verschiebungen besonders resistente Pflasterflächen verlegen lassen.The present invention is based on the object of creating a paving stone of the type described at the outset with which paving surfaces that are particularly resistant to horizontal displacements can be laid.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch einem Pflasterstein gemäß Patentanspruch 1 gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a paving stone according to patent claim 1 .

Erfindungsgemäß wird somit ein Pflasterstein mit zwei Verbundsystemen, die unterschiedliche Funktionen erfüllen, zur Verfügung gestellt.According to the invention, a paving stone with two composite systems that fulfill different functions is thus made available.

Das erfindungsgemäße Doppel-Fugenverbundsystem nutzt den Umstand, dass im verlegten Zustand im unteren Steinbereich keine für das Pflastergefüge kritischen Lasten auf den Nachbarstein übertragen werden, so dass infolgedessen in diesem bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Stein unkritischen Bereich nur ein sehr geringes Pufferungserfordernis besteht, das auch bei einer schmalen Fuge erfüllt werden kann. In diesem Bereich wird daher ein primäres Verbundsystem nach Art von Zahnstangen, aber mit nur minimalem Kontakt mit schmalen Fugen (ohne wirksame Pufferung zwischen den Verbundabschnitten benachbarter Steine) eingesetzt, das wegen der geringen Breite der Fugen eine Verschiebung benachbarter Steine gegeneinander auf ein für das System unkritisches Maß reduziert.The double joint bonding system according to the invention makes use of the fact that in the laid state in the lower stone area no critical loads for the paving structure are transferred to the neighboring stone, so that as a result there is only a very low buffering requirement in this area, which is not critical for the stone according to the invention, which also applies to a narrow joint can be met. In this area, therefore, a primary bonded system of the rack and pinion type is used, but with minimal contact with narrow joints (without effective buffering between the bonded sections of adjacent bricks), which, because of the narrow width of the joints, allows for displacement of adjacent bricks relative to one another at a for the system reduced to an uncritical extent.

Ein sekundäres Verbundsystem im oberen Steinbereich ebenfalls nach Art von Zahnstangen mit den bei herkömmlichen Systemen üblichen Abständen zwischen den Verbundabschnitten benachbarter Steine zur Aufnahme des im oberen kritischen Steinbereich besonders notwendigen puffernden Fugenmaterials ergänzt das System.The system is supplemented by a secondary composite system in the upper block area, also in the manner of toothed racks with the distances between the compound sections of adjacent blocks that are usual in conventional systems to accommodate the buffering joint material that is particularly necessary in the upper critical block area.

Durch das Zusammenwirken dieser beiden Verbundsysteme wird das erfinderische Ziel erreicht, unter Beibehaltung der bei anderen Systemen schadensträchtigen aber erforderlichen Abstände zwischen den Verbundabschnitten benachbarter Steine die bei diesen Systemen mögliche Pflasterschäden verursachenden Verschiebungen zwischen benachbarten Steinen über die Wirkung der schmalen Fugen des primären Verbundsystems auszuschließen.Through the interaction of these two composite systems, the inventive goal is achieved, while maintaining the damage-prone but necessary distances between the composite sections of adjacent stones in other systems that cause possible pavement damage in these systems To rule out displacements between adjacent stones via the effect of the narrow joints of the primary composite system.

Das erfindungsgemäße Ziel wird erreicht durch einen Stein, der zwei Fugenverbundsysteme mit unterschiedlichen Funktionen besitzt:

  • im unkritischen unteren Steinbereich ein primäres Verbundsystem mit so schmalen Fugen, dass auch bei unzureichender Fugenfüllung im oberen kritischen Steinbereich das Verschiebungspotential zwischen zwei benachbarten Steinen so minimiert wird, dass das Pflastergefüge nicht gefährdet werden kann,
  • im kritischen oberen Steinbereich ein sekundäres Verbundsystem, das nach Art bekannter Verbundsysteme ausreichend Raum für das in diesem Bereich unverzichtbare puffernde Fugenmaterial bietet, der durch das primäre Verbundsystem gesichert wird.
The aim of the invention is achieved by a stone that has two joint systems with different functions:
  • in the non-critical lower stone area, a primary composite system with such narrow joints that even with insufficient joint filling in the upper critical stone area, the displacement potential between two adjacent stones is minimized so that the pavement structure cannot be endangered,
  • in the critical upper stone area, a secondary composite system that, like known composite systems, offers sufficient space for the buffering joint material that is indispensable in this area, which is secured by the primary composite system.

Ferner wird mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Pflasterstein die Verlegung vereinfacht, da sich beim Verlegen die richtliniengemäßen Fugenbreiten automatisch einstellen (die Pflastersteine können direkt gegeneinander gesetzt werden) und da die Fugenbreite im oberen kritischen Fugenbereich durch das untere primäre Verbundsystem automatisch vorgegeben wird. Ferner wird durch das primäre Verbundsystem ein unterer Fugenabschluss erreicht. Es wird dadurch erreicht, dass Fugenmaterial nur in (ganz) geringem Umfang nach unten austreten kann.Furthermore, laying is simplified with the paving stone according to the invention, since the joint widths according to the guidelines are automatically set during laying (the paving stones can be placed directly against one another) and since the joint width in the upper critical joint area is automatically specified by the lower primary composite system. Furthermore, the primary composite system achieves a lower joint closure. This is achieved by the fact that the joint material can only escape downwards to a (very) small extent.

Das primäre Verbundsystem ist so ausgebildet, dass sein primärer Verbundabschnitt im verlegten Zustand eine schmale Fuge zu dem primären Verbundabschnitt des primären Verbundsystems des Nachbarsteines bildet. Es werden daher im verlegten Zustand die Steine im unteren Bereich (im Bereich des primären Verbundsystems) durch eine schmale Fuge getrennt. Dies soll nicht ausschließen, dass auch in diesem Bereich die Fugenbreite geringfügig variieren kann, beispielsweise durch eine ungenaue Fertigung der Steine, entsprechenden Steinabrieb etc.The primary composite system is designed in such a way that its primary composite section forms a narrow joint with the primary composite section of the primary composite system of the neighboring block when laid. Therefore, when laid, the stones in the lower area (in the area of the primary composite system) are separated by a narrow joint. This should not rule out the possibility that the joint width can also vary slightly in this area, for example due to imprecise manufacture of the stones, corresponding stone abrasion, etc.

Wesentlich ist, dass im Bereich des primären Verbundsystems eine deutlich schmalere Fuge vorhanden ist als im Bereich des sekundären Verbundsystems, wobei die Steine in ihrer Position zum Nachbarstein durch die Verzahnung des primären Verbundsystems mit schmaler Fugenbreite so genau fixiert werden, dass selbst bei nicht optimaler Füllung der Fugen im Bereich des sekundären Verbundsystems schadensträchtige Verschiebungen verhindert werden.It is essential that there is a significantly narrower joint in the area of the primary composite system than in the area of the secondary composite system, with the stones being so precisely fixed in their position to the neighboring stone by the interlocking of the primary composite system with a narrow joint width that even if the filling is not optimal of the joints in the area of the secondary composite system, damage-prone displacements are prevented.

Was die Ausgestaltung des primären Verbundabschnittes des primären Verbundsystems anbetrifft, so ist dieser bei einer ersten Ausführungsform der Erfindung von einer durchlaufenden Horizontalleiste gebildet. Von dieser Leiste ausgehend erstrecken sich die Verbundabschnitte des sekundären Verbundsystems im Abstand voneinander nach oben. Beim Aneinandersetzen der Steine greifen die komplementär zueinander ausgebildeten Horizontalleisten der Nachbarsteine so ineinander, dass sich eine im Vergleich schmale Fuge ergibt. Die durchlaufende Horizontalleiste kann beispielsweise auf ihrer Stirnseite mäandernd ausgebildet sein, aber auch andere Formen annehmen, beispielsweise beliebig geformte Vorsprünge und Rücksprünge aufweisen.As far as the design of the primary composite section of the primary composite system is concerned, in a first embodiment of the invention it is formed by a continuous horizontal bar. Starting from this bar, the composite sections of the secondary composite system extend upwards at a distance from one another. When the stones are placed next to each other, the horizontal strips of the neighboring stones, which are designed to complement one another, interlock in such a way that a comparatively narrow joint results. The continuous horizontal strip can, for example, be designed to meander on its front side, but also others Take forms, for example, have projections and recesses of any shape.

Bei einer anderen Ausführungsform ist der primäre Verbundabschnitt von einer Vielzahl von einzelnen vorstehenden Verbundabschnitten gebildet. Diese einzelnen Verbundabschnitte von Nachbarsteinen greifen im verlegten Zustand vorzugsweise mit geringem Abstand zwischen den nach Zahnstangenart angeordneten Verbundabschnitten benachbarter Steine ineinander.In another embodiment, the primary composite section is formed from a plurality of discrete projecting composite sections. In the laid state, these individual bonded sections of adjacent blocks preferably interlock with a small spacing between the bonded sections of adjacent blocks arranged in the manner of a toothed rack.

Der primäre Verbundabschnitt in Form der durchlaufenden Horizontalleiste oder der Vielzahl der einzelnen Verbundabschnitte steht weiter vor als die Verbundabschnitte des sekundären Verbundsystems.The primary composite section in the form of the continuous horizontal strip or the multiplicity of individual composite sections protrudes further than the composite sections of the secondary composite system.

Auf Basis des primären Verbundsystems werden die einzelnen sekundären Verbundabschnitte in Verlängerung der Verbundabschnitte des primären Verbundsystems angeordnet. Hierbei ergibt sich daher, an der Stirnfläche der Verbundabschnitte ein Sprung zwischen den beiden Verbundsystemen.On the basis of the primary composite system, the individual secondary composite sections are arranged as an extension of the composite sections of the primary composite system. This results in a jump between the two composite systems at the end face of the composite sections.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung können die durchlaufende Horizontalleiste oder die einzelnen Verbundabschnitte des primären Verbundsystems kleine vorstehende Ansätze aufweisen. Derartige Ansätze können sich über die gesamte Höhe des primären Verbundabschnittes oder nur über einen Teil dieser Höhe erstrecken. Sie kommen dann zum Einsatz, wenn für die schmalen Fugen des primären Verbundsystems ein bestimmtes Mindestmaß erreicht werden soll.In a further development of the invention, the continuous horizontal strip or the individual composite sections of the primary composite system can have small protruding projections. Such lugs may extend the full height of the primary composite section or only a portion of that height. They are used when a certain minimum size is to be achieved for the narrow joints of the primary composite system.

Wie bereits erwähnt, ist das primäre Verbundsystem im unteren Bereich von mindestens einer Seitenfläche angeordnet. Vorzugsweise erstreckt sich dabei der primäre Verbundabschnitt über etwa 1/10-1/5 der Höhe einer Seitenfläche des Pflastersteines. Dies stellt keine Beschränkung dar. Wichtig ist, dass das primäre Verbundsystem im unteren unkritischen Steinbereich angeordnet ist, wo geringere oder überhaupt keine Kräfte bzw. Momente auftreten, die durch an der Oberseite der Pflastersteine einwirkende Horizontalkräfte mit entsprechenden Dreheffekten verursacht werden.As already mentioned, the primary composite system is arranged in the lower area of at least one side surface. The primary composite section preferably extends over about 1/10-1/5 of the height of a side face of the paving stone. This does not constitute a limitation. It is important that the primary composite system is arranged in the lower, non-critical area of the stone, where there are fewer or no forces or moments that are caused by horizontal forces acting on the upper side of the paving stones with the corresponding rotational effects.

Bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist das primäre Verbundsystem so ausgebildet, dass sich sein primärer Verbundabschnitt leicht nach oben verjüngt.In a further embodiment, the primary composite system is formed such that its primary composite section tapers slightly upwards.

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ferner ein aus einer Vielzahl von derartigen Pflastersteinen zusammengesetztes Pflaster.The present invention also relates to a paving composed of a plurality of such paving stones.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen in Verbindung mit der Zeichnung im Einzelnen erläutert. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine schematische räumliche Darstellung von zwei aneinandergesetzten Pflastersteinen gemäß dem Stand der Technik;
Figur 2
eine räumliche Ansicht der miteinander in Eingriff stehenden Verbundsysteme von zwei erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Pflastersteinen; und
Figur 3
eine schematische Schnittdarstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform.
The invention is explained in detail below using exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the drawing. Show it:
figure 1
a schematic spatial representation of two paving stones placed together according to the prior art;
figure 2
a spatial view of each other in Interlocking composite systems of two paving stones designed according to the invention; and
figure 3
a schematic sectional view of a further embodiment.

Figur 1 zeigt zwei übliche Pflastersteine 1, 2, die im Horizontalschnitt Rechteckform besitzen. Beide Pflastersteine sind auf ihren Seitenflächen mit entsprechenden Verbundabschnitten 3 versehen, wobei hier nur die Verbundabschnitte auf jeweils einer Seitenfläche dargestellt sind. Bei den Verbundabschnitten 3 handelt es sich um leistenförmige senkrechte vorstehende Abschnitte, die im Horizontalschnitt etwa halbrund ausgebildet sind. Die Verbundabschnitte 3 sind im Abstand voneinander angeordnet, wobei die Verbundabschnitte eines Nachbarsteines in die Zwischenräume zwischen den Verbundabschnitten des anderen Steines zahnstangenartig eingreifen. Hierdurch wird eine entsprechende Verschiebesicherung gegen Horizontalschub gebildet, wobei die ineinandergreifenden Verbundabschnitte allerdings nicht eng aneinanderliegen, sondern entsprechende Pufferräume für Fugenmaterial belassen. figure 1 shows two conventional paving stones 1, 2, which have a rectangular shape in horizontal section. Both paving stones are provided with corresponding composite sections 3 on their side surfaces, only the composite sections on one side surface being shown here. The composite sections 3 are strip-shaped, vertically protruding sections which are approximately semicircular in horizontal section. The composite sections 3 are arranged at a distance from one another, with the composite sections of a neighboring stone engaging in the interspaces between the composite sections of the other stone in the manner of a toothed rack. As a result, a corresponding shift protection against horizontal thrust is formed, with the interlocking composite sections, however, not being close to one another, but leaving corresponding buffer spaces for joint material.

Figur 2 zeigt eine räumliche Ansicht der miteinander in Eingriff stehenden Verbundsysteme von zwei aneinandergesetzten Pflastersteinen 10, 11 gemäß der Erfindung. Hierbei besitzen die Pflastersteine auf mindestens einer Seitenfläche jeweils ein unteres primäres Verbundsystem 14 und ein oberes sekundäres Verbundsystem 12. Das obere sekundäre Verbundsystem 12 weist eine Reihe von leistenförmigen Verbundabschnitten 13 auf, die im Wesentlichen den leistenförmigen Verbundabschnitten 3 der in Figur 1 dargestellten Ausführungsform des Standes der Technik entsprechen. Diese Verbundabschnitte 13 stehen von der jeweiligen Seitenfläche vor, sind etwa halbrund ausgebildet und haben einen entsprechenden Abstand voneinander. Wie man Figur 2 entnehmen kann, wird zwischen den einzelnen Verbundabschnitten 13 des sekundären Verbundsystems 12 der Nachbarsteine ein Pufferraum gebildet, der mit geeignetem Fugenmaterial aufzufüllen ist. figure 2 shows a three-dimensional view of the interlocking composite systems of two paving stones 10, 11 placed one against the other according to the invention. Here, the paving stones each have a lower primary composite system 14 and an upper secondary composite system 12 on at least one side face. The upper secondary Composite system 12 has a series of strip-shaped composite sections 13, which essentially correspond to the strip-shaped composite sections 3 in figure 1 illustrated embodiment correspond to the prior art. These composite sections 13 protrude from the respective side surface, are approximately semi-circular and have a corresponding distance from one another. How one figure 2 can be seen, a buffer space is formed between the individual composite sections 13 of the secondary composite system 12 of the neighboring stones, which is to be filled with suitable joint material.

Das im unteren Bereich angeordnete primäre Verbundsystem 14 besitzt einen primären Verbundabschnitt 15, der bei dieser Ausführungsform als durchlaufende Horizontalleiste ausgebildet ist, die sich aus lauter gleichen Verbundelementen A zusammensetzt. Die enge Fuge zwischen den Verbundelementen benachbarter Steine ist hierbei schlangenförmig ausgebildet, wobei im aneinandergesetzten Zustand der beiden Steine die beiden primären Verbundabschnitte 15 zahnstangenartig miteinander in Eingriff stehen.The primary composite system 14 arranged in the lower area has a primary composite section 15 which, in this embodiment, is designed as a continuous horizontal strip composed of nothing but the same composite elements A. The narrow joint between the composite elements of adjacent stones is designed in the form of a snake, with the two primary composite sections 15 being in engagement with one another in the manner of a toothed rack when the two stones are placed one against the other.

Wenn die beiden Nachbarsteine in der in Figur 2 gezeigten Art und Weise aneinandergesetzt sind, ergibt sich zwischen den Reihen primärer Verbundabschnitte 15 benachbarter Steine eine schmale Fuge. Durch die miteinander in Eingriff tretenden primären Verbundabschnitte 15 wird eine Sicherung der Steine mit sehr geringem Spielraum für Horizontalverschiebungen erreicht. Ferner bildet das primäre Verbundsystem 14 eine Verlegehilfe.If the two neighboring stones in the in figure 2 are put together in the manner shown, there is a narrow joint between the rows of primary composite sections 15 of adjacent stones. The primary composite sections 15 that engage with one another ensure that the blocks are secured with very little room for horizontal displacement. Furthermore, the primary composite system 14 forms a laying aid.

Bei der in Figur 2 dargestellten Ausführungsform sind die vorstehenden Abschnitte 15 des Verbundsystems 14 in Verlängerung der Verbundabschnitte 13 des sekundären Verbundsystems 12 angeordnet und stehen in Richtung senkrecht zur Seitenfläche des Steins weiter vor als die Verbundabschnitte 13. Zwischen den Verbundabschnitten 13 und den vorstehenden Bereichen der durchlaufenden Leiste des primären Verbundsystems 14 wird dabei eine Stufe gebildet. Im aneinandergesetzten Zustand weisen die Verbundabschnitte 13 des sekundären Verbundsystems sowohl zur Seitenfläche des Nachbarsteines als auch zu den Verbundabschnitten 13 des Nachbarsteines einen Abstand auf, der Fugenmaterial zur Pufferung der im oberen Steinbereich hohen zu übertragenden Kräfte aufnimmt.At the in figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the protruding sections 15 of the composite system 14 are arranged in extension of the composite sections 13 of the secondary composite system 12 and protrude further in the direction perpendicular to the side surface of the block than the composite sections 13. Between the composite sections 13 and the protruding areas of the continuous strip of the primary composite system 14 a step is formed. In the assembled state, the bonded sections 13 of the secondary bonded system have a spacing both from the side surface of the neighboring stone and from the bonded sections 13 of the neighboring stone, which joint material absorbs the high forces to be transmitted in the upper stone area.

Figur 3 zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsform, bei der sich der primäre Verbundabschnitt 15 leicht nach oben verjüngt und über eine Stufe in die sekundären Verbundabschnitte 13 übergeht. figure 3 12 shows a further embodiment in which the primary composite section 15 tapers slightly upwards and merges into the secondary composite sections 13 via a step.

Claims (7)

  1. A paving stone with a top face, a lower face and a plurality of side faces, wherein a plurality of parallel vertical protruding bar-shaped connecting portions is arranged on at least one side face, which portions, in the laid state of the paving stone, interact with connecting portions on a side face of a neighboring identical paving stone in the manner of a toothed rack, wherein in the lower region on the at least one side face, the paving stone (10, 11) has a primary connecting system (14) with a primary connecting portion (15) and, in the region above it, a secondary connecting system (12) differing geometrically and functionally from the primary connecting system and comprising the parallel vertical bar-shaped connecting portions as secondary connecting portions (13), wherein the primary connecting portion (15) is designed so that, in the laid state, a narrow joint to the primary connecting portion (15) and/or the side face of the neighboring stone (10, 11) results, and the secondary connecting portions (13) are designed so that an, in comparison hereto, wide joint to the secondary connecting portions (13) and/or the side face of the neighboring stone (10, 11) results, and wherein the primary connecting portion (15) is formed by a plurality of individual protruding connecting portions, wherein the primary connecting system (14) is designed so that its primary connection portion (15) in the laid state abuts the primary connecting portion (15) of the primary connecting system (14) of the neighboring stone (10, 11) in an interlocking manner, wherein the primary connecting portion (15) protrudes farther than the vertical bar-shaped connecting portions (13) of the secondary connecting system (12), so that a step is formed between the vertical bar-shaped connecting portions (13) and the protruding primary connecting portion (15) and, in the state where the paving stones are placed against each other, the vertical bar-shaped connecting portions (13) of the secondary connecting system have a distance from both the side face of the neighboring stone and from the vertical bar-shaped connecting portions (13) of the neighboring stone, which distance accommodates jointing material for buffering the high forces to be transmitted in the upper stone region.
  2. The paving stone according to claim 1, characterized in that the primary connecting system (14) is designed so that its primary connecting portion (15) tapers slightly upwards.
  3. The paving stone according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the plurality of individual protruding connecting portions is combined to form a continuous horizontal bar.
  4. The paving stone according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual connecting portions (15) of the primary connecting system (14) are arranged in extension of the connecting portions (13) of the secondary connecting system (12).
  5. The paving stone according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the joint between the primary connecting portions of neighboring stones (15) is designed in a meandering manner.
  6. The paving stone according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the primary connecting portion (15) extends over approximately 1/10-1/5 of the height of a side face of the paving stone (10, 11).
  7. Paving composed of a plurality of paving stones (10, 11) of the preceding claims.
EP15001987.5A 2014-07-12 2015-07-03 Interlocking paving block and paving laid with same Active EP2966223B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

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SI201531903T SI2966223T1 (en) 2014-07-12 2015-07-03 Interlocking paving block and paving laid with same
HRP20221409TT HRP20221409T1 (en) 2014-07-12 2015-07-03 Interlocking paving block and paving laid with same
RS20221077A RS63823B1 (en) 2014-07-12 2015-07-03 Interlocking paving block and paving laid with same

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DE102014010411.7A DE102014010411A1 (en) 2014-07-12 2014-07-12 Paving stone with double composite system and paving laid herewith

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EP2966223B1 true EP2966223B1 (en) 2022-08-24

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DE (1) DE102014010411A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2930526T3 (en)
HR (1) HRP20221409T1 (en)
HU (1) HUE060324T2 (en)
PL (1) PL2966223T4 (en)
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220034044A1 (en) * 2018-11-21 2022-02-03 Detlef Schröder Paving stone including an infiltration region and associated method of manufacturing

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018006064A1 (en) * 2018-08-01 2020-02-06 Detlef Schröder Paving stone and plaster made from it

Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2527533A1 (en) * 2011-05-23 2012-11-28 Etablissements Heinrich Bock et Cie S.P.A.S. Interlocking concrete paving block

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DE4339816C2 (en) * 1993-11-23 1997-04-24 Weber Hans Juergen Paving stone
DE59904443D1 (en) * 1999-03-15 2003-04-10 Kombilith Gmbh Entwicklung & Verwertung Artificial stone for paving
DE50205104D1 (en) * 2002-02-07 2006-01-05 Kombilith Gmbh Entwicklung & Verwertung Artificial stone for paving purposes
DE202006013475U1 (en) * 2006-08-25 2006-11-09 Schlupp, Klaus Paving/shaped stone, to be laid together, has joints with small contact surfaces at a side surface to join stones together and allow supported movement under heavy loads

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2527533A1 (en) * 2011-05-23 2012-11-28 Etablissements Heinrich Bock et Cie S.P.A.S. Interlocking concrete paving block

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220034044A1 (en) * 2018-11-21 2022-02-03 Detlef Schröder Paving stone including an infiltration region and associated method of manufacturing

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RS63823B1 (en) 2023-01-31
HRP20221409T1 (en) 2023-01-20
EP2966223A1 (en) 2016-01-13
PL2966223T3 (en) 2023-03-27
HUE060324T2 (en) 2023-02-28
ES2930526T3 (en) 2022-12-14
SI2966223T1 (en) 2023-02-28
PL2966223T4 (en) 2023-03-27

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