EP2964825A1 - Method and machine for spreading a fabric-type textile sheet - Google Patents
Method and machine for spreading a fabric-type textile sheetInfo
- Publication number
- EP2964825A1 EP2964825A1 EP14713540.4A EP14713540A EP2964825A1 EP 2964825 A1 EP2964825 A1 EP 2964825A1 EP 14713540 A EP14713540 A EP 14713540A EP 2964825 A1 EP2964825 A1 EP 2964825A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rollers
- web
- pressure
- roller
- flexible
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 84
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
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- 235000006693 Cassia laevigata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000000391 Lepidium draba Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000000233 Melia azedarach Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000735631 Senna pendula Species 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
- D06C3/00—Stretching, tentering or spreading textile fabrics; Producing elasticity in textile fabrics
- D06C3/06—Stretching, tentering or spreading textile fabrics; Producing elasticity in textile fabrics by rotary disc, roller, or like apparatus
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D13/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft
- D03D13/008—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft characterised by weave density or surface weight
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/40—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/44—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads with specific cross-section or surface shape
- D03D15/46—Flat yarns, e.g. tapes or films
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
- D06C15/00—Calendering, pressing, ironing, glossing or glazing textile fabrics
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
- D06C15/00—Calendering, pressing, ironing, glossing or glazing textile fabrics
- D06C15/02—Calendering, pressing, ironing, glossing or glazing textile fabrics between co-operating press or calender rolls
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
- D10B2101/10—Inorganic fibres based on non-oxides other than metals
- D10B2101/12—Carbon; Pitch
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the technical field of machines for homogenizing the thickness of fibrous webs and or spreading such fibrous webs, in order to obtain lower surface masses.
- the invention relates to a method and a machine for homogenizing the thickness of such sheets, as well as fabrics obtainable by the implementation of such a method.
- Composite reinforcements are exclusively used with the addition of resin by different methods.
- the geometry of the final composite part thus directly results from the thicknesses of the reinforcement used. It is then clear that the use of thinner reinforcements will offer lighter composite parts. also better because having their fibers oriented better with less ripples. What is less obvious but also true is that these reinforcements being also used in sometimes important stacking, it is necessary to minimize their thickness variations in order to make the geometry of the composite part obtained more reliable and robust. Since the individual variations of the folds add up, a great variability in the thickness of the reinforcement will inevitably lead to a great variability of thickness in the final part when using processes such as vacuum infusion.
- edge thickening is accentuated very locally by the use of generally thermoplastic selvedge yarns used on the edges of the fabric to block the last warp threads.
- the invention proposes to respond to the problems mentioned above and encountered in the prior art and to provide a new method and a new machine for controlling, in a controlled way, the thickness of the textile web. obtained after a spreading operation, so as to obtain a small variability of thickness, even on large widths of web.
- the invention relates to a method of spreading a textile web comprising at least warp threads, according to which: - The web is brought to scroll between at least two rotating rollers whose axes extend parallel to each other and substantially perpendicular to the direction of travel of the ap e;
- the web is passed under pressure between at least one pressure generator of the rollers driven in axial oscillation and in opposition of phase,
- At least one pressure generator of the rollers is produced with adjustable pressure values along said generator to spread the sheet with a small thickness variability.
- the rollers thus modulate the pressure applied between the center and the ends of the web, taking into account the different thicknesses of the web so as to apply a uniform pressure on the material along its pressure generator.
- the pressure applied to the center of the web is greater than that applied on its edges to account for the upper thickness of the web on its edges relative to its central part.
- the flexible roller can thus self-position without stress and thus modulate the pressure applied to the web.
- the method preferably consists, among other things, in adjusting the position of the localized supports along the axis of the flexible roller and / or in distributing the localized supports regularly along the axis of the flexible roller.
- the method consists, among other things, in bringing the textile web to passing over the periphery of the flexible roll between two pressure generators with adjustable localized pressure values of two rigid rollers driven in synchronism, rotation and oscillation.
- the method consists of bringing the tablecloth textile to pass between 1/6 and 1/3 of the periphery of the flexible roll. It is thus possible to overcome the tension applied to its textile web scrolling. In addition, this facilitates the attainment of an adjustable pressure on the textile web throughout the two pressure generators between textile web and rigid rolls, since c mode of passage of the textile web that no longer wraps the rolls.
- US Pat. No. 4,932,107 it is thus possible to add a series of rigid supports to the two rigid rollers thus avoiding any bending.
- this mode of passage also facilitates the positioning of the localized supports on the flexible roll.
- the method comprises heating the textile web during its passage between the pressure generator (s).
- the method consists in providing, as textile web, a fabric comprising warp threads and weft threads each consisting of a set of filaments able to move freely relative to one another. to the others within the thread, the spreading being carried out on the warp threads and its weft threads,
- the present invention also relates to a machine for spreading a textile web composed of at least warp yarns, comprising:
- the machine comprises a system for creating the pressure generator with distributed adjustable pressure values. according to said generator, for spreading the textile web with a small thickness variability.
- the machine according to the invention comprises one or the other, or all the characteristics below, when they do not exclude each other:
- the system for creating its pressure generator comprises, among the rotary rollers, a flexible roller and a series of adjustable pressure localized supports, distributed along the axis of the flexible roller and acting on the flexible roller supported by at least one roller; rigid,
- the localized supports are equipped with a device for adjusting their position along the axis of the flexible roll,
- the flexible roller delimits, with two rigid rollers whose axes extend parallel to one another, two pressure generators with adjustable localized pressure values, these two generatrices being spaced apart between 1/6 and 1/3 of the periphery of the flexible roller; ,
- the rollers have a diameter of between 30 mm and 60 mm
- Its machine comprises, for each rigid roll, a series of rigid supports each comprising a cradle fixed to a frame and having two supporting branches each equipped with a rolling member for a rigid roll, having a rotational movement and a movement of translation according to the tax of rigid rollers,
- the drive system of the rollers in axial oscillation and in opposition of phase comprises a motor driving in synchronism with the aid of a transmission, two camshafts offset by 180 °, one of which acts on one of the ends of the roll. flexible and whose other acts on one end of the rigid roll or rollers., the other end of the rollers being biased by an elastic system; this makes it possible to ensure perfect control of amplitude and operation in phase opposition between the flexible roller and the two rigid rollers, the machine comprises a lifting system of the flexible roller whose ends are provided with plates on one of which acts the elastic system and on the other of which acts the camshaft,
- the machine comprises a heating system of the textile web during the passage of the textile web between the pressure generators,
- a mass per unit area greater than or equal to 100 g / m 2 and less than or equal to 160 g / m 2 and a standard deviation of thickness measured on a stack of three identical tissues deposited on each other and in the same direction; is less than or equal to 50 prn,
- a mass per unit area greater than 160 g / m 2 and less than or equal to 200 g / m 2 and a standard deviation of thickness measured on a stack of three identical fabrics deposited one on the other and in the same direction which is less than or equal to 60 pm, or
- ⁇ a mass per unit area greater than 200 g / m 2 and lower or equal to 400 g / m 2 and a standard deviation of thickness measured on a stack of three identical tissues deposited on each other and in the same direction which is lower or equal to 90 ⁇
- the warp yarns and / or the weft yarns consist of a set of filaments, said filaments being able to move freely relative to one another within a single yarn. Therefore, such fabrics can be obtained by the method according to the invention.
- the method according to the invention allows access to such fabrics having such a combination of characteristics. Obtaining such fabrics with a width of at least 100 cm, in particular with a width of 100 to 200 cm. is possible.
- the fabrics according to the invention can therefore have a large width and a very great length, for example approximately equivalent to the length of the available threads, namely several hundreds or thousands of meters.
- the standard deviation of thickness is the root mean square of deviations from the mean, namely: with
- n number of measurement values of the thickness of a stack of three identical fabrics and oriented in the same direction, that is to say that the son of chains on the one hand, and the son of frames of on the other hand, are oriented in the same direction within the stack,
- the standard deviation can be obtained on a stack of three folds of the same fabric deposited on one another and oriented in the same direction and placed under pressure of 972mbar +/- 3rnbar, and in particular, from 25 point thickness measurements distributed over an area of 305 x 305 mm, with for example one of the sides of the square which extends parallel to the warp threads of the fabric, the method described in the examples can be used.
- the fabrics defined in the context of the invention consist of identical string threads and weft threads identical to each other, and preferably of all identical thread and weft son.
- the fabrics defined in the context of the invention consist, preferably at least 99% by weight, or consist exclusively of multi-filament reinforcing threads, in particular glass, carbon or aramid threads, carbon threads
- multi-filament reinforcing threads in particular glass, carbon or aramid threads, carbon threads
- fabrics according to the invention mention may be made of those having a fabric-like architecture (otherwise known as taffeta), twill, braided, or satin.
- the invention allows the manufacture of:
- such fabrics exhibit an aperture factor variability of 0 to 1%.
- the spread obtained makes it possible to obtain such fabrics with yarns, and in particular carbon threads, having a titre of 200 to 3500 Tex, and preferably 200 to 800 Tex.
- fabrics having a surface mass greater than or equal to 100 g / m 2 and less than or equal to 160 g / m 2 , a type of thickness measured on a stack of three identical fabrics deposited on each other and according to the same direction which is less than or equal to 50 ⁇ m and an average opening factor of 0 to 0.5%.
- such fabrics exhibit an aperture factor variability of at most 0.5%.
- the standard obtained makes it possible to obtain such fabrics with yarns, and in particular carbon threads, having a titre of 200 to 3500 Tex, and preferably 400 to 1700 Tex,
- fabrics having a basis weight greater than 160 g / m 2 and less than or equal to 200 g / mr *, a standard deviation of thickness measured on a stack of three identical tissues deposited on each other and according to the same direction which is less than or equal to 50 ⁇ m and an average opening factor of 0 to 0.5%.
- such fabrics exhibit an opening factor variability of at most 0.5%.
- the spread obtained makes it possible to obtain such fabrics with yarns, and in particular carbon threads, having a titre of 200 to 3500 Tex and preferably 400 to 1700 Tax,
- fabrics having a surface mass greater than 200 g / m 2 and less than or equal to 400 g / m 3 , a standard deviation of thickness measured on a stack of three identical fabrics deposited on each other and according to the same direction which is: less than or equal to 90 pm and an average opening factor of 0 to 0.1%.
- such fabrics have a variability of aperture factor of at most 04%.
- the support obtained makes it possible to obtain such fabrics with yarns, and in particular carbon threads, having a title of 200 to 3500 Tex and preferably 800 to 1700 Tex.
- the aperture factor can be defined as the ratio between the area not occupied by the material and the total area observed, the observation of which can be made from the top of the fabric with illumination from beneath it.
- the opening (OF) is expressed as a percentage. It can, for example, be measured according to the method described in the examples.
- Variability of aperture factor means the maximum difference in absolute value obtained between a measured aperture factor and the average aperture factor. The variability is therefore expressed in% as the aperture factor.
- the average Aperture Factor can be obtained, for example, from 60 measurements of aperture factor spread over an area of 305 x 915 mm of tissue.
- the distribution may, for example, be made by distributing 1/3 of the aperture factor measurements over a first third of the fabric width, 1/3 of the aperture factor measurements over the second third of the fabric width. corresponding to its central part and 1/3 of the opening factor measurements on the third third of the fabric width.
- Average Open Factor means the arithmetic mean of the measured 60 Open Factor (FO) values
- Fig ra i is a schematic front view of a machine of f eta! Ly in accordance with the invention
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the spreading machine illustrated in FIG.
- Figure 3 is a schematic front view of a spreading machine according to the invention, in the raised position of the flexible roller.
- the igyre 4A and 4B are plan views of an example of a fabric illustrated respectively before and after plating.
- Figure S is a view for diagrammatically illustrating the principle of spreading implemented by the spreading machine according to the invention.
- the Fiff * 1 to 3 illustrate schematically an embodiment of an I spreading machine according to the invention, adapted to spread with a low variability in thickness, a textile web 2 comprising at least son of chain 3.
- textile web means a sheet material consisting of Ris and pa warp son son extending along the axis of travel of the web on the machine.
- the textile webs can be unidirectional or fabrics.
- the web 2 is a fabric comprising warp threads 3 and weft threads 4, each warp 3 and weft thread 4 consisting of a set of filaments t.
- the spreading machine according to the invention is placed at the output of a loom and at the entrance of a winding system of the sheet. It could also be expected that the sheet to be spread is from a unwinding system and is not directly positioned e line with a loom,
- the spreading machine i comprises at least a first S and a second rotating rollers and, in the illustrated example, a third rotating roll 7.
- the rotary rollers S f 6 and 7 have axes A extending parallel to each other and perpendicular to the direction of travel fi of the ply 2 or perpendicular to the warp threads 3.
- the first roll S and the second roll S delimit between them a first pressure generator Si for the web 2 passing between the first and second rollers 5, 6.
- the first roller 5 and the third roller 7 delimit between them a second pressure generator Q2 for the web 2 passing between the first and third rollers 5, 7.
- the length of the rollers is adapted to the width of the sheet 2 to be spread so as to have a length greater than the width of the sheet 2, typically the length of the rolls is between e Im and 2m,
- the rollers S, 6 and 7 are positioned in such a way that the two pressure generators G1 and 2 are spaced between 1/6 and 1/3 of the periphery of the first roll S. other words, the web 2 is in contact with the first roll 5 only between 1/6 and 1/3 of its periphery,
- the second 6 and third rollers 7 are positioned side by side in a horizontal plane, while the first roll S is positioned in the middle and above the second 8 and third roll 7,
- the spreading machine 1 also comprises a motor 10 to ensure the synchronized drive in rotation about their axes A and in the same direction of rotation, the second 6 and third rollers 7.
- the motor 10 comprises an electric motor ii controlled to drive in a synchronized manner, the speed of rotation of the second 6 and third rollers 7.
- the output shaft of the electric motor 11 cooperates with a transmission belt 12 which rotates pulleys 13 supported by 14 mounted trees axially secured to the first end of the second ⁇ and third rollers 7.
- the first roll S is not rotated by the drive 10.
- the first roll S is rotated by the traveling force of the web 2 and the rollers S, 7.
- the motorization W also rotates the first roll S,
- the I spreading machine also comprises a system 15 S roller driving r 6 and 7 in each axial oscillation along its axis A. More specifically, the drive system 15 allows the axial oscillation of the first roller 5 in phase opposition with respect to the second and third rollers 6 and 7 which are perfectly synchronized in axial oscillation.
- the drive system 15 comprises an electric motor 16 driving in synchronism with a transmission 17 such as a belt, a first 19 and a second 20 camshafts allowing exert an axial effort on the rollers.
- a transmission 17 such as a belt
- a first 19 and a second 20 camshafts allowing exert an axial effort on the rollers.
- the cams of the cam shafts 19 and 20 are angularly offset from each other by a value equal to 180 °.
- the first camshaft 19 acts on the second end of the first roller S and more precisely on the transverse face of a shaft 21 extending axially from the first roller 5.
- the first cam shaft 19 acts on the shaft 21, via a plate 21a carried by the shaft 21,
- the cam shaft 19 continues to exert an axial force on the shaft 21 as it will be explained in more detail later in the description,
- the second camshaft 2 ⁇ acts on the second end of the second roller 6 and in the illustrated example, the third roller 7 also.
- the second and third rollers 6 and F are axially equipped, at their second end, with shafts 22 in contact, by their transverse face, with the camshaft 20. which ensures synchronized axial oscillation of the second and third rollers 6 and 7.
- the second and third rolls 6 and 7 have a perfectly synchronized axial oscillation.
- first, second and third rollers ⁇ "6 and 7 are biased by an elastic system 25 compensating for the action exerted by the camshafts i9 f 2 ⁇ on the second ends of first, second and third rollers 5
- the elastic system 25 comprises stacks of Belleville washers interposed between on the one hand, a support 28 and on the other hand, each shaft 14 and a shaft 29 extending axially. from the first end of the first roll 5.
- a stack of Belleville washers 25 acts on the shaft 29 via a plate 2a carried by the shaft 29.
- the drive system 15 as described above makes it possible to ensure perfect control of the amplitude of operation in phase opposition between the first roll S on the one hand and the second and third rollers 7 go. Moreover, this solution makes it possible to guarantee the desired movement of the rollers despite the phenomena of wear due to the elimination of the mechanical clearance between the cam shafts and the rolls.
- the axial vibration frequency is adjustable for example from 5 to 50 Hz by means of the adjustment of the electric motor 16.
- the amplitude of the axial oscillation of the rolls is of the order of 0.5 mm,
- the spreading machine i also comprises for the second and third rolls 6 and 7, a senna of rigid supports 31 for supporting without bending, the rollers while allowing their rotational movements and oscillation.
- each rigid support 31 comprises a fork or cradle 32 rigidly fixed to a frame 33 preferably rigidly anchored to the ground.
- Each fork or cradle 32 presents and two support legs 34 each equipped with a bearing member 35 for a roller ⁇ f 7 f capable of receiving the mes ie ie rotational and oscillating movement.
- four rigid supports 31 support its rollers.
- the number of rigid supports 31 may be different depending in particular on the length of the rollers,
- the spreading machine has a system 40 for creating the first pressure generator and, in the illustrated example, also the second pressure generator G 2 f with adjustable pressure values distributed according to the the generatrices, to spread the sheet 2 with a small variability of thickness.
- the 4H system allows to modulate the pressure at will, along these pressure generators if, 2 to apply a uniform pressure on the web taking into account the initial differences in thickness of the web, in to spread the sheet with a small variability of thickness.
- the system 40 comprises, as the first roll 5, a flexible roll and a series of localized supports 42 with adjustable pressure, distributed along the axis of the flexible roll 5 and acting on the flexible roll S,
- the first roll S is flexibly mounted along its axis A in the direction in which it is free of any guide bearing at its two ends. self-position, without any constraint, between the two other rollers 6 and 7> Inverse, the second and third rollers 6 and 7 are rigid because they are supported without bending by the frame 33.
- Each localized support 42 exerts pressure on the flexible roller 5, via rolling members 43 with axial displacement.
- each localized support 42 is able to exert a substantially vertical pressure force perpendicular to the axis of the flexible roller S while accepting the rotational movement and axial oscillation of the flexible roller 5.
- each localized support 42 is a pressure cylinder 44 whose rod is equipped with a rolling member 43,
- Each pressure cylinder 44 is connected to a control unit not shown but known per se, for adjusting the pressure exerted on the flexible roll S,
- its spreading machine 1 comprises four pressure cylinders.
- the number of pressure cylinders 44 may be different,
- the localized supports 42 are equipped with a device 4 ⁇ for controlling their position along the axis of the flexible roller S.
- the localized supports 42 can be moved independently of each other, along the axis of the flexible roll S so as to be able to exert their pressure force in all selected locations of the web 2,
- the cylinders 44 are slidably mounted along a gantry 45 overlying the roller remotely flexible 5, Each cylinder 44 is placed in a fixed position by means of a locking system of the cylinder body on the frame, not shown but of all types known per se.
- the spreading machine 1 comprises a reievage system 48 of the flexible roll S to allow the operations of setting up the sheet 2 between the flexible roll S and the rigid rollers S 7.
- the lifting system 48 comprises two cylinders 49 fixed by their body on the frame 45 and whose rods 49a act on the shafts 2 and 29 relaxing from both ends of the flexible roll S, II
- the elastic system 2S acts on the shaft 2S of the flexible roll S while the camshaft 19 continues to exert an axial force on the shaft 21, even during the lifting operations of the flexible roll s. because of the presence of the end plates 2i and 2 ⁇ a, as illustrated in FIG. 3,
- the machine spreading according to the invention comprises a heating system If the web and rollers during the passage of the web between the pressure generating, the heating system comprises If a nozzle brought 52 hot air produced by a hot air production unit not shown but known in soil This feed nozzle 52 opens between the two rigid rollers 6 and 7 directing the flow of hot air to the flexible roll S according to its portion between the two pressure generators Csi and C32, Typically, a Leister type heating unit is used to ensure the heating of the tablecloth 2 and rolls up to a temperature of 80 ° C.
- the spreading machine i comprises a flexible roll S and two rigid rollers 6, 7 defining two pressure generators 31, G2.
- the spreading machine 1 according to the invention may have a similar operation by implementing a single rigid roll 6 defining with the flexible roll 5, a single pressure generator Gi.
- the spreading machine 1 described above comprises, as localized supports 42, jacks exerting a pressure force on the flexible roller 5.
- Other solutions can be envisaged with a view to creating generatrices of pressure with adjustable pressure values.
- the spreading machine according to the invention is particularly suitable for spreading the warp threads 3 and also the weft threads 4 when the web 2 is a fabric
- the web 2 is brought to scroll between at least two rotary rollers S, 6-7 whose axes A extend parallel to each other and substantially perpendicular to the direction of travel of the web,
- the web under pressure is passed between at least one pressure generator Gi of the rollers driven in axial oscillation and in opposition of phase,
- At least one pressure generator SI of rolls 5, 6-7 is made with adjustable pressure values along said generator to spread the sheet 2 with a small variability in thickness
- the sheet 2 is kept under a substantially constant low value voltage, - using appropriate systems of tension of the sheet 2, located on its path upstream and downstream of the pressure rollers and designed to compensate the efforts may appear for example upstream, at the output of the loom and f downstream, at the reel of the web,
- the f a flexible roller 5 and the other rigid and 6-7 is exerted on the flexible roller substantially perpendicular to the axis f of the supports 42 located distributed along the axis of the roller and with adjustable values to make the generator with adjustable pressure values.
- pressures of different values are exerted in different places of its pressure generator to ensure the correct spreading of the son of the sheet 2.
- the method consists in adjusting the position of the localized supports 42 according to the axis of the flexible roller so as to selectively select the places where the pressures are to be applied.
- the setting is to leave the support 42 located at most over the entire width of the web 2, because it is appropriate that f irrespective of the width of the web, the In other words, the supported supports 42 must not act on an area of the flexible roll that is never in contact with the zone delimited above the width of the web.
- the position of the jacks which are adjacent to the edges of the ply are positioned to be at least 50 mm away from these edges.
- the cylinders that are adjacent to the edges of the sheet are positioned to be spaced 150mm from these edges, the cylinders between these two cylinders adjacent edges are positioned so that all the cylinders are located spread regularly.
- the number of cylinders is chosen so that the distance between two adjacent cylinders is at least 300 mm.
- its sheet 2 is caused to pass on the periphery of the flexible roller 5 between two pressure generators. G1, G2 with adjustable localized pressure values. These two generators are delimited between the flexible roller 5 and two rigid rollers 6, 7 driven in synchronism, rotation and oscillation.
- the web 2 is caused to pass over the flexible roll S, between 1/6 and 1/3 of the periphery of the flexible roll S.
- the web 2 and the rollers are heated during its passage between the pressure generator or generators.
- the spread textile webs will be at least partially made of carbon, glass or aramid type reinforcing threads which conventionally consist of a set of filaments extending in the direction of the thread.
- the textile sheet to be spread out will consist either exclusively of a unidirectional sheet of warp yarns, or of a fabric consisting of an interlacing of warp ends and yarns. frame.
- the son are not secured to each other by any binder or mechanical bonding mode of the type stitching or knitting that would hinder their movement relative to each other and would not allow their spreading.
- Ies son chains and the weft of son are bound together only by weaving.
- the son to be spread in the method according to the invention consist of a set of f filaments can freely move ies relative to each other, and in particular carbon son.
- Such son may initially have a circular section or, preferably, rectangular, but at the output of the method according to the invention, they will present a rectangular section following the application of pressure forces.
- the son to be spread will be neither impregnated, nor coated, nor associated with any polymeric lian which would hinder the free movement of the filaments relative to each other.
- the yarns to be spread are, nevertheless, most often characterized by a mass content of standard size that can represent at most 2% of their mass.
- a carbon yarn is comprised of a set of filaments and generally has from 1000 to 80,000 filaments, preferably from 12,000 to 24,000 filaments.
- carbon threads of I to 24 K for example 3K, 6K, 12K or 24K, and preferably 12 and 24, are used.
- the carbon threads present within the unidirectional layers have a titer of 60 to 3800 Tex, and preferably 400 to 900 tex.
- the unidirectional sheet can be made with any type of carbon thread, for example.
- the ig. 4k schematically shows a fabric before spread consisting of an interlacing of warp son and weft yarn slightly different width due to weaving. This may include, but is not limited to carbon of 3.
- Each of the warp yarns and the weft yarns consist of a set of filaments. Initially, the opening factor of the web is 4%.
- FIG. 48 illustrates the fabric obtained after the implementation of the spreading method according to the invention.
- This fabric has an OOF ratio of 0% and warp and weft threads of different widths.
- the textile web before being subjected to the process according to the invention it is possible for the textile web before being subjected to the process according to the invention to have a negligible or nonzero opening factor.
- the application of the process according to (nvention causes a decrease in the opening factor which accompanies the obtaining of the homogenization of the thickness of the textile ply, that initially the opening factor is zero or not zero, the application of the process according to the invention causes a decrease in the thickness of the fabric by homogenization of the thickness of the son constituting it
- the invention is not limited to the examples described and shown since various modifications can be made without departing from its scope.
- Vacuum pump Leybold Systems vacuum reference 501902 Tesa three-dimensional machine "micro-hite DOC 3D"
- the program takes 25 measurement points through its trigger probe.
- the device consists of a brand SONY camera (model 5SC- DC58AP) f equipped with a 10x objective and a light table Waidmann brand, model W LP3 NR, 101381 230V 50HZ 2xi5W.
- the sample to be measured is placed on the light table, the camera is fixed on a bracket, and positioned at 29 cm from the sample, then the sharpness is adjusted,
- the measurement width is determined as a function of the textile web to be analyzed, using the ring (zoom) ,, and a rule; 10 cm for open textile webs (OF> 2%), 1.17 cm for loose textile webs (QF ⁇ 2%).
- the brightness is adjusted to obtain a value d ! OF corresponding to that given on the control plate.
- the Videomet contrast measuring software from Scion Image (Scion Corporation, USA) is used. After image capture, the image is processed in the following way: using a tool, a maximum area corresponding to the selected calibration is defined, for example for 10 cm ⁇ 70 holes, and comprising a whole number of patterns An elementary surface is then selected in the textile sense of the term, that is to say a surface that describes the geometry of the fabric by repetition.
- the percentage of OF is defined by 100 multiplied by the ratio of the white surface divided by the total area of the elementary pattern: 100 * (white surface / elementary surface) ,
- Tissues of 127cm width presenting the surface densities f standard deviations of thickness, opening factor, factor variability and presented in Tal leay 2 below, were obtained by the method according to the invention, using the parameters as defined in Table 1.
- the machine used is in accordance with FIGS. i and 2 f with rollers 60 mm in diameter and a length of 1700 mm, the cylinders being spaced from each other 320 mm, the two located at the ends being spaced 155 mm from the edge of the fabric, Table i gives by way of example for the fabrics presented in Tabtea 2, the pressing force of the four pressure cylinders 44 (Nos. 1 to 4) taken from one edge to the other of the fabric, with a running speed of the textile web ( mm / min), a frequency (Hz) and a temperature (° C).
- greater forces are applied in the central zone of the fabric 2 allowing a good spread of the fabric 3 ⁇ 4 by compensating for the thickness difference initially existing between the center and the edges of the fabric, as illustrated in FIG. ,
- the AS4 12K yarns supplied by Hexcel Corporation are 433Mpa high tensile strength tensile yarns, 23iGPa tensile modulus have a S ⁇ QTex titer with 7.1 micron filaments.
- AS wires? 12K supplied by Hexcel Corporation (Stamford, USA) are high tensile stress tensile yarns of 4830Mpa, tensile modulus of 241GPa and have a SQOTex titer with filaments of 6.9 microns.
- the IM7 6K yarns supplied by Hexcel Corporation are intermediate tensile modulus yarns of 331 O MPa, tensile modulus of 276Gpa, and have a 223Tex titer with 5.2 micron filaments.
- the IH7 2K wires supplied by Hexcel Corporation are intermediate strain Nodule wires at break of 5670Mpa, tensile modulus of 276Gpa and have a titer of 446Tex with 5.2 micron filaments.
- the tissue 199 g / m 2 ⁇ S4 3 before spreading has an average opening factor of 10.5% (12.5% on the edges of the fabric, 6.5% on the center of the tissue), ie 6% variation in opening factor between center and edge, and an average thickness of 0,191mm (0,201mm on the edges of the fabric, 0,,187mm on the center of the fabric) is a variation of thickness of 12% between center and edge> the difference: type of thickness of i 'em ilement three pils of unstretched fabric is 0,055mm.
- the opening factor of this same tissue increases to an average of 0.1%, a reduction of 99% compared to non-spread tissue, with a maximum variation of 0.5%. not due to an increase in the values on your edges, the average opening factor of the edges and the center being equal to 0.1%.
- a large part of the measured openness factors are close to 0%, and a small population above 0.1% up to 0.5% in rare cases, inducing a 0.1% average with variation maximum of 0.5%, the thickness of the tissue after spreading is 0.177mm, which is reduced by 8% compared to the non-spread fabric.
- the standard deviation of the three-ply intrusion of the spread fabric is 0.030 mm, a 45% gain over the non-spread fabric. This information is collated in Table 3 below.
- a fabric of 75 g m 2 in ⁇ S C 3 K will have an average opening factor before spreading of 45%, and an average opening factor after spreading of 0.8%, a gain of 98%. %.
- the cend of the method according to the invention causes a significant decrease in standard deviation of thickness, the average thickness of the void factor and its variability.
- the gain in standard deviation of thickness of 3 plies at a pressure of 972mBar is equal to at least 20%, and in most cases is greater than 30%.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
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- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1352122A FR3002928B1 (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2013-03-08 | METHOD AND MACHINE FOR SPREADING A TEXTILE CLOTH OF FABRIC TYPE AND FABRICS OBTAINED |
PCT/FR2014/050510 WO2014135806A1 (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2014-03-06 | Method and machine for spreading a fabric-type textile sheet |
Publications (2)
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EP2964825A1 true EP2964825A1 (en) | 2016-01-13 |
EP2964825B1 EP2964825B1 (en) | 2017-04-19 |
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EP14713540.4A Active EP2964825B1 (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2014-03-06 | Method and machine for spreading a fabric-type textile sheet |
EP14713538.8A Active EP2964824B1 (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2014-03-06 | Fabric in particular made of carbon yarns having low thickness variability combined with a specific basis weight range |
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EP14713538.8A Active EP2964824B1 (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2014-03-06 | Fabric in particular made of carbon yarns having low thickness variability combined with a specific basis weight range |
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US (2) | US20150361598A1 (en) |
EP (2) | EP2964825B1 (en) |
JP (2) | JP6472090B2 (en) |
CN (2) | CN105026634B (en) |
AU (2) | AU2014224485B2 (en) |
BR (2) | BR112015019839A2 (en) |
CA (2) | CA2900732C (en) |
ES (2) | ES2724248T3 (en) |
FR (2) | FR3002928B1 (en) |
WO (2) | WO2014135805A1 (en) |
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CN107213942A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-09-29 | 无锡市第五人民医院 | Laboratory tablecloth spreading device |
CN108252010A (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-07-06 | 常州市新创智能科技有限公司 | The woven carbon fiber unidirectional cloth fine shaping equipment of heating exhibition |
CN109132649A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-04 | 侯马市迪科特电子科技有限公司 | A kind of quick flattening device of wall paper |
JP7211198B2 (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2023-01-24 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | Manufacturing method of carbon fiber fabric |
CN110607675B (en) * | 2019-09-28 | 2020-04-10 | 浙江诸暨浩越袜业有限公司 | Flat pressing device for sock production |
CN113707400B (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2023-04-25 | 青岛云路先进材料技术股份有限公司 | Amorphous alloy strip with ultrathin coating and preparation method and equipment thereof |
CN112030441B (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2021-12-03 | 大畏机床(江苏)有限公司 | Cloth evener capable of being adjusted according to thickness |
CN115652572A (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2023-01-31 | 嘉兴杰特新材料股份有限公司 | Glass fiber plain cloth pre-stretching device and method |
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2013
- 2013-03-08 FR FR1352122A patent/FR3002928B1/en active Active
- 2013-07-18 FR FR1357102A patent/FR3002954B1/en active Active
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2014
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- 2014-03-06 ES ES14713540.4T patent/ES2630372T3/en active Active
- 2014-03-06 WO PCT/FR2014/050508 patent/WO2014135805A1/en active Application Filing
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- 2014-03-06 BR BR112015019839A patent/BR112015019839A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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