EP2960608A1 - Verfahren zur kühlung des gehäuses eines schmelzaggregats und schmelzaggregat - Google Patents

Verfahren zur kühlung des gehäuses eines schmelzaggregats und schmelzaggregat Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2960608A1
EP2960608A1 EP13876077.2A EP13876077A EP2960608A1 EP 2960608 A1 EP2960608 A1 EP 2960608A1 EP 13876077 A EP13876077 A EP 13876077A EP 2960608 A1 EP2960608 A1 EP 2960608A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coolant
melting chamber
liquid metal
melting
metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13876077.2A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2960608A4 (de
Inventor
Anatolij Anatoljevich Golubev
Jurij Alexandrovich Gudim
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Obchestvo S Ogranichennoj Otvetstvennostju Promishlennaja Kompanija "Tehnologija Metallov"
Original Assignee
Obchestvo S Ogranichennoj Otvetstvennostju Promishlennaja Kompanija "Tehnologija Metallov"
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Obchestvo S Ogranichennoj Otvetstvennostju Promishlennaja Kompanija "Tehnologija Metallov" filed Critical Obchestvo S Ogranichennoj Otvetstvennostju Promishlennaja Kompanija "Tehnologija Metallov"
Publication of EP2960608A1 publication Critical patent/EP2960608A1/de
Publication of EP2960608A4 publication Critical patent/EP2960608A4/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D9/00—Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D9/00—Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
    • F27D2009/0002—Cooling of furnaces
    • F27D2009/0005—Cooling of furnaces the cooling medium being a gas

Definitions

  • the inventions relate to metallurgy and processing of industrial and domestic solid wastes. They can also be used in the power industry for burning or gasifying high-ash coal on a layer of molten slag.
  • the intervals of uninterrupted operation can be increased dramatically through maintaining conditions for building a slag lining (high melting aggregate which consists of furnace charge mixture, fire-resistant lagging, slag, dust, etc. caked together) on the inner surface of melting chamber walls.
  • a slag lining high melting aggregate which consists of furnace charge mixture, fire-resistant lagging, slag, dust, etc. caked together
  • sodium is supplied as a coolant into the melting chamber body designed as a double-walled metal shell with a hermetically sealed cavity inside.
  • the liquid metal coolant is cooled by a cold gaseous coolant which travels through a heat exchanger.
  • the cold gaseous coolant is supplied to the cavity made by outer wall of the melting chamber body and outer shell of the heat exchanger positioned directly on the melting chamber body, having pipe sleeves on its ends for inletting cold and recovering heated gaseous coolant.
  • the cold gaseous coolant is first supplied to those parts of the heat exchanger that adjoin sections of the melting chamber with maximum heat loads, and then to the parts of the heat exchanger that adjoin sections of the melting chamber with lesser heat loads.
  • the prior melting unit consists of a melting chamber set in metal body made as a double-walled metal shell with a hermetically sealed cavity filled with sodium as a liquid metal coolant, a heat exchanger for cooling the liquid metal coolant by a gaseous coolant, fire-resistant lagging of a molten metal bath, units for loading, heating and melting the furnace charge mixture, separate outlets for draining metal and slag, discharging and cleaning furnace gases and recovering produced heat.
  • the heat exchanger for cooling the liquid metal coolant by the gaseous coolant is positioned directly on the melting chamber body, its outer shell 50-300 mm diametrically away from the outer wall of the chamber body.
  • the shell is shaped as a hermetically sealed metal cylinder or its part, and it encircles the melting chamber and includes pipe sleeves for inletting cold and recovering heated gaseous coolant.
  • the outer wall of the chamber makes an inner shell of the heat exchanger, and curved copper strips are fixed to the outer wall of the melting chamber in the cavity between the outer wall of the chamber and the outer shell of the heat exchanger at 3-300 mm intervals from one another.
  • the aim of proposed inventions is to improve efficiency of both the cooling method and the melting unit for practicing such cooling.
  • the method for a melting unit body cooling includes supplying liquid metal coolant into the melting chamber body made as a double-walled shell with hermetically sealed cavity, cooling the liquid metal coolant by a gaseous coolant traveling through the heat exchanger positioned directly on the melting chamber body, in accordance with the first invention, the liquid metal coolant is used to cool the upper part of the hermetically sealed cavity formed by double-walled metal shell of the melting chamber body by supplying liquid metal coolant into the cavity which encircles the free space, the slag bath and the upper part of the lagged metal bath.
  • the lower part of the hermetically sealed cavity formed by the double-walled metal body shell and separated from its upper part, which encircles the lower part of the lagged metal bath, is cooled only by the gaseous coolant supplied through pipe sleeves on side of the heat exchanger outer wall. Heated gaseous coolant is recovered from the heat exchanger through pipe sleeves on side of the heat exchanger outer walls.
  • the temperature of liquid metal coolant is maintained within specified limits by automatically or manually changing the flow of the gaseous coolant through the heat exchanger depending on information provided by a device that senses the temperature of liquid metal coolant.
  • the gaseous coolant is supplied to the cavity made by the outer wall of melting chamber body and heat exchanger outer wall.
  • liquid metal coolant The temperature of liquid metal coolant is maintained at 450-500°C.
  • Sodium may be used as liquid metal coolant.
  • Lead may be used as liquid metal coolant.
  • Lead and bismuth alloy may be used as liquid metal coolant. Air may be used as gaseous coolant.
  • Nitrogen may be used as gaseous coolant.
  • Heated gaseous coolant from the heat exchanger is used for injecting fine parts of furnace charge mixture and dust caught by gas treatment into molten metal in the melting chamber.
  • Heated gaseous coolant from the heat exchanger is mixed with 1600-1800°C stack gases from the melting chamber or charge mixture preheater.
  • Heated gaseous coolant from the heat exchanger may be used to re-burn CO and H2 in stack gases from the melting chamber or charge mixture preheater.
  • the melting unit which consists of a melting chamber and its metal body made as a the double-walled metal shell with a hermetically sealed cavity filled with liquid metal coolant, a heat exchanger for cooling the liquid metal coolant with a gaseous coolant, fire-resistant lagging of the molten bath, devices for loading, heating and melting the furnace charge mixture, separate outlets for draining metal and slag, discharging and cleaning furnace gases and recovering produced heat, in accordance with the second invention, has the upper part of the hermetically sealed cavity made by double-walled metal shell of the melting chamber body and filled with liquid metal coolant encircling the free space, the slag bath and the upper part of the metal bath, separated with a partition wall from the lower part of the same cavity which is filled with gaseous coolant and encircles the lower part of the lagged metal bath.
  • the lower outer wall of the melting chamber double-walled shell has holes for inletting and recovering the gaseous coolant from the liquid metal coolant secondary cooling system, pipe sleeves on the heat exchanger outer sidewalls for supplying the cold gaseous coolant into the heat exchanger positioned on the melting chamber body to cool the liquid metal coolant and recover the heated gaseous coolant.
  • a temperature sensing device for measuring temperature of liquid metal coolant is placed in the upper part of the chamber body and the cavity filled with liquid metal coolant, and is connected to the process control system or the melting chamber operator who can adjust the gaseous coolant flow in the heat exchanger.
  • the holes in the lower outer wall of the metal body shell are 30-50 mm in diameter.
  • the holes in the lower outer wall of the metal body shell can be placed at 150-200 mm intervals from each other.
  • the cavity in the melting chamber body for the liquid metal coolant may be filled with sodium.
  • the cavity for liquid metal coolant in the chamber body can be filled with lead.
  • the cavity for liquid metal coolant in the chamber body can be filled with lead and bismuth alloy.
  • the combined oxy-fuel burners-tuyeres are located in the side and end walls of the melting chamber body.
  • Molten metal and slag outlets are located in the end walls of the melting chamber body.
  • Curved aluminum or aluminum alloy strips are fixed at intervals to the outer wall of the melting chamber in the cavity between the chamber outer wall and the heat exchanger outer shell.
  • the upper part of the hermetically sealed cavity made by double-walled metal shell of the melting chamber is cooled by supplying liquid metal coolant into the cavity that encircles the free space, the slag bath and the upper part of the lagged metal bath which ensures rapid heat absorption only in those parts of the inner functional walls of the chamber body that experience maximum heat loads, and secures the buildup of slag lining on these walls.
  • the slag lining protects the inner functional chamber walls, reduces heat losses from the chamber ensuring efficient performance of the unit when using this method.
  • the lower part of the hermetically sealed cavity made by double-walled metal body shell and separated from its upper part, which encircles the lower part of the lagged metal bath, is cooled only by gaseous coolant. Heat in the lower part of the metal bath is absorbed more slowly to keep the metal in the bath from getting overcooled, eliminating problems with opening the metal taphole and draining metal from the melting chamber. It prolongs the lagging life cycle and ensures that continuous melting and furnace mixture processing operations can be done without interruptions, thus improving performance and cost-effectiveness of this method.
  • the end walls of the melting chamber are free to be used for supporting the combined oxy-fuel burners-tuyeres to provide a faster and more even melting of furnace charge mixture, and tapholes for discharging metal and slag which increases performance and cost-effectiveness of this method.
  • lead as a liquid metal coolant considerably simplifies its transportation and maintenance of the melting unit cooling system. It does not call for high production standards and discipline. However, lead has lower heat conducting and thermal capacity properties and a higher melting point than sodium.
  • lead and bismuth alloy as liquid metal coolant leads to the same advantages as with lead; however, it has the same kind of drawbacks as lead. But lead and bismuth alloy has a lower melting point which is an advantage compared with lead.
  • Using air as gaseous coolant is the simplest and cheapest option for secondary cooling of liquid metal coolant.
  • Using nitrogen as gaseous coolant helps diminish fire hazards in the operation of the melting chamber cooling system during primary cooling of the chamber body by sodium because sodium, if leaking from the cooling cavity, will not oxidize in the nitrogen environment.
  • Usage of heated gaseous coolant from the heat exchanger instead of a cold carrier gas for injecting fine parts of the furnace charge mixture and dust caught by the gas treatment into the molten metal in the melting chamber helps to reduce heat losses in the molten metal, to cut down fuel consumption and to increase overall performance of the melting chamber.
  • heated gaseous coolant from the heat exchanger with 1600-1800°C stack gases from the melting chamber or the charge mixture preheater helps to lower stack gas temperature, yo use the heat produced in the melting chamber in a more efficient way by using the heat produced by the heated gaseous coolant and to reduce dust buildup on the functional surface of the waste heat boiler.
  • heated gaseous coolant from the heat exchanger to re-burn CO and H2 in the stack gases from the melting chamber or the charge mixture preheater helps to use the heat produced in the melting chamber in a more efficient way by using the heat produced by heated air, to reduce power consumption and an overall amount of gases going through gas treatment.
  • Holes, 30-50 mm in diameter, made at 150-200 mm intervals from one another in the lower outer wall of the double-walled shell of the melting chamber body and separated from the upper part are used to inlet and recover the gaseous coolant from the chamber secondary cooling system.
  • Supplying gaseous coolant into the lower part of the double-walled melting chamber body shell allows for a less aggressive cooling of fire-resistant lagging of the metal bath which increases lagging service life and keeps the metal in the bath from getting overcooled.
  • liquid metal coolant temperature sensing device By placing the liquid metal coolant temperature sensing device in the upper part of the melting chamber body and in the cavity filled with the liquid metal coolant, it is possible to sense the highest temperature of liquid metal coolant (450-500 C) in the melting chamber. This temperature determines the flow of the cold gaseous coolant in the heat exchanger required to cool the liquid metal coolant.
  • the communication between the temperature sensing device and the process control system or the melting chamber operator helps to quickly adjust the gaseous coolant flow in the heat exchanger. By adjusting the gaseous coolant flow depending on the maximum temperature of liquid metal coolant, power can be saved and slag lining on the chamber walls increased and sustained.
  • Filling the cavity for liquid metal coolant in the melting chamber body with lead or lead and bismuth alloy also ensures rapid heat absorption from the inner functional wall of the melting chamber while building up and sustaining the slag lining on the chamber walls.
  • Lead or lead and bismuth alloy should be used if provision of the high production standards and highly skilled maintenance personnel for the work in a facility with the melting chamber can pose a problem.
  • Fixing the curved aluminum or aluminum alloy strips at intervals from one another on the chamber outer wall in the cavity between the chamber outer wall and the heat exchanger outer shell helps to swirl the gaseous coolant flows, reduces the overall weight of the melting chamber and its manufacturing expenses, compared to an option of using the copper strips.
  • the method of ca melting unit body cooling includes supplying a transitory liquid metal coolant into the upper hermetically sealed cavity 10 made by the double-walled metal body shell of the melting chamber 20 having outer wall 8 and inner wall 9. Liquid metal coolant is supplied into the cavity 10 which goes around the free space 3, the slag bath 2 and the upper part of the lagged metal bath 1 of the melting chamber 20. Transitory liquid metal coolant is cooled in the heat exchanger 21 positioned directly on the body of the melting chamber 20, with a gaseous coolant. The lower part of the hermetically sealed cavity separated from the upper part 10 and made by the double-walled metal body shell of the melting chamber 20, which goes around the lower part 7 of the metal bath 1, is only cooled by the cold gaseous coolant.
  • Cold gaseous coolant is supplied to the cavity 7 made by the outer wall 8 of the body of the melting chamber 20 and the outer wall 4 of the heat exchanger 21 through the pipe sleeve 17 on the side of the outer wall 4 of the heat exchanger 21. Heated gaseous coolant is recovered from the heat exchanger 21 through the pipe sleeve 18 on the side of the outer wall 4 of the heat exchanger 21.
  • the temperature of liquid metal coolant is maintained at 450-500°C by automatically or manually changing the flow of gaseous coolant through the heat exchanger 21 depending on the information provided by the device 12 which senses the temperature of liquid metal coolant in the upper part 10 of the cavity in the melting chamber 20.
  • Sodium, lead or lead and bismuth alloy may be used as liquid metal coolant.
  • Air or nitrogen may be used as gaseous coolant.
  • Hated gaseous coolant from the heat exchanger 21 is used for injecting (not shown on the figures) fine parts of the furnace charge mixture and dust caught by the gas treatment (not shown on the figures), into the molten metal in the melting chamber 20.
  • Heated gaseous coolant from the heat exchanger 21 is mixed with 1600-1800°C stack gases from the melting chamber 20 or the charge mixture preheater which helps to lower the stack gas temperature and to reduce dust buildup on the functional surface of the waste heat boiler (not shown on the figures) where the gases are used for producing steam. Heated gaseous coolant from the heat exchanger is used to re-burn CO and H2 in the stack gases from the melting chamber or the charge mixture preheater which helps to use the heat produced in the melting chamber 20 in a more efficient way.
  • the melting unit for practicing this method has a melting chamber 20 with a metal body, made as a double-walled metal shell in the cooling zone, a heat exchanger 21 for cooling a primary liquid metal coolant, which encircles the body of the melting chamber 20, devices for loading, heating, and melting the furnace charge mixture (not shown on the figures), removing and cleaning stack gases from the melting chamber and utilizing their heat (not shown on the figures).
  • the body of the melting chamber 20 is made as a double-walled (walls 8 and 9) metal shell.
  • the upper part of the hermetically sealed cavity made by the double-walled metal shell 10 is filled with liquid metal coolant and encircles only the free space 3, the slag bath 2, and the upper part of the metal bath 1 of the melting chamber 20.
  • the lower part of the cavity 7 made by the double-walled metal shell of the melting chamber 20 is separated from the upper part 10 of the cavity by a partition wall 19.
  • the outer wall of the lower part of the double-walled metal shell of the melting chamber has holes 30-50 mm in diameter (not shown schematically on the figure) placed at 150-200 mm intervals from each other for inletting and recovering gaseous coolant from the secondary cooling system of liquid metal coolant.
  • a device 12 for sensing liquid metal coolant temperature which is connected to the process control system or the melting chamber operator who can adjust the flow of the gaseous coolant in the heat exchanger, is located in the upper part of the melting chamber 20 and in the upper part of the body cavity filled with liquid metal coolant.
  • the cavity in the chamber body for liquid metal coolant is filled with sodium or lead, or lead and bismuth alloy.
  • Combined oxy-fuel burners-tuyeres 11 are located on the side and end walls of the melting chamber 20.
  • Outlet 5 for discharging metal and outlet 14 for discharging slag, gutters 6 for discharging metal and gutters 15 for discharging slag are located on the end walls of the metal chamber 20.
  • Curved aluminum or aluminum alloy strips are fixed at intervals from one another on the outer wall 8 of the melting chamber in the cavity between the outer wall 8 of the melting chamber 20 and the outer shell 4 of the heat exchanger 21.
  • the molten metal bath 1 is lagged with firebricks 16 (for example, fused magnesite bricks).
  • the proposed inventions provide opportunity for running a continuous uninterrupted melting process or processing different furnace charge materials without having to stop the melting chamber for lagging maintenance. It helps to lower operational costs associated with operating the melting chamber.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
EP13876077.2A 2013-02-21 2013-02-21 Verfahren zur kühlung des gehäuses eines schmelzaggregats und schmelzaggregat Withdrawn EP2960608A4 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/RU2013/000138 WO2014129921A1 (ru) 2013-02-21 2013-02-21 Способ охлаждения корпуса плавильного агрегата и плавильный агрегат

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2960608A1 true EP2960608A1 (de) 2015-12-30
EP2960608A4 EP2960608A4 (de) 2016-11-09

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EP13876077.2A Withdrawn EP2960608A4 (de) 2013-02-21 2013-02-21 Verfahren zur kühlung des gehäuses eines schmelzaggregats und schmelzaggregat

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EP (1) EP2960608A4 (de)
RU (1) RU2617071C2 (de)
WO (1) WO2014129921A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109468449A (zh) * 2018-05-30 2019-03-15 西安圣泰金属材料有限公司 一种控速冷却的热处理炉

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107606961B (zh) * 2017-10-17 2023-11-24 山东泓奥电力科技有限公司 液态炉渣余热回收装置

Family Cites Families (11)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3735010A (en) 1972-08-23 1973-05-22 Atomic Energy Commission Skull-melting crucible
GB1566980A (en) 1978-01-11 1980-05-08 Derjugin A Furnace for vacuum arc melting of highly reactive metals
US4294433A (en) * 1978-11-21 1981-10-13 Vanjukov Andrei V Pyrometallurgical method and furnace for processing heavy nonferrous metal raw materials
US4301320A (en) * 1980-04-18 1981-11-17 Brown Boveri Corporation Cooling of electrical furnaces
DE3701439C3 (de) * 1987-01-20 1994-07-28 Rolf Bommer Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Heizkessels und nach diesem Verfahren betriebener Heizkessel
WO1988006190A1 (en) 1987-02-16 1988-08-25 Moskovsky Institut Stali I Splavov Method and furnace for making iron-carbon intermediate products for steel production
RU2067273C1 (ru) 1993-12-08 1996-09-27 Акционерное общество "ТЕХНОЛИГА" Способ охлаждения плавильной печи и плавильная печь для его осуществления
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US7452499B2 (en) * 2004-10-29 2008-11-18 Systems Spray-Cooled, Inc. Furnace cooling system and method
RU2383837C1 (ru) * 2008-06-26 2010-03-10 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью Промышленная Компания "Технология Металлов" Способ охлаждения корпуса плавильного агрегата и плавильный агрегат для его осуществления
CN202562297U (zh) * 2012-05-21 2012-11-28 洛阳八佳电气科技股份有限公司 一种真空熔炼速凝炉风冷循环水装置

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109468449A (zh) * 2018-05-30 2019-03-15 西安圣泰金属材料有限公司 一种控速冷却的热处理炉

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2960608A4 (de) 2016-11-09
RU2014129686A (ru) 2016-02-10
WO2014129921A1 (ru) 2014-08-28
RU2617071C2 (ru) 2017-04-19

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