EP2957704A1 - Ensemble d'un cadre de porte ou de fenêtre, et fenêtre ou porte - Google Patents

Ensemble d'un cadre de porte ou de fenêtre, et fenêtre ou porte Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2957704A1
EP2957704A1 EP15173166.8A EP15173166A EP2957704A1 EP 2957704 A1 EP2957704 A1 EP 2957704A1 EP 15173166 A EP15173166 A EP 15173166A EP 2957704 A1 EP2957704 A1 EP 2957704A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
door
window
fire
frame
layers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15173166.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Rik Laan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
WWP Woodproducts BV
Original Assignee
WWP Woodproducts BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by WWP Woodproducts BV filed Critical WWP Woodproducts BV
Publication of EP2957704A1 publication Critical patent/EP2957704A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B5/00—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
    • E06B5/10—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes
    • E06B5/16—Fireproof doors or similar closures; Adaptations of fixed constructions therefor
    • E06B5/161—Profile members therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/70—Door leaves
    • E06B2003/7059—Specific frame characteristics
    • E06B2003/7061—Wooden frames
    • E06B2003/7073—Wooden frames with fire retardant measures in frame

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an assembly of a window- or door-frame and a window or door, said window or door being moveable between a first, closed position and a second, open position.
  • Said window-frame, door-frame, window, or door may for example be made of wood, which is generally hardwood to provide sufficient stability and which is fire-resistant.
  • said window- or door-frame may be made of a plastics or a metal, which may optionally be filled with a fire-resistant material, such as a foam.
  • window- or door-frame and said window or door each comprise a laminate comprising a longitudinal extending layer of fire-resistant material interposed between two longitudinal extending layers of wood comprising material, wherein, in said first, closed position, the layers of fire-resistant material of said window or door frame and said window or door are aligned.
  • Said assembly according to the invention provides the advantage that it is relatively cheap, as any wood comprising material can be used and no hardwood is required, while it may also provide sufficient fire-resistance as a result of said layers of fire-resistant material being aligned. Because the layers of fire-resistant material are aligned, one substantially continuous fire-resistant layer is provided, thereby forming a good barrier for fire. Said substantially continuous fire-resistant layer may in particular not be interrupted by said wood comprising material, but for example only by a small air clearance between the window or door frame and said window or door in the first, closed position of the window or door. In particular, said layers of fire-resistant material are arranged such that they extend in extension of each other, in particular in their longitudinal directions.
  • window- or door-frames and windows or doors are generally manufactured and offered by different companies, and are not offered as one assembly. Such window- or door-frames and windows or doors are not matched to each other and are therefore not able to provide a good fire resistance barrier layer.
  • said window-or door-frame is provided together with a window or door as one assembly, such that the window-or door-frame and the window or door, in particular the fire-resistant layers thereof, may be matched to each other, in particular aligned, for forming said one substantially continuous fire barrier. It is noted in this respect that said assembly may be assembled on site, wherein the window- or door-frame and the window or door may thus be offered as different elements intended to be assembled together.
  • said laminate may form the horizontal and vertical peripheral edges of said window- or door-frame.
  • said laminate may form the horizontal and vertical peripheral edges of said window, wherein said peripheral edges hold a glass panel for forming said window.
  • said laminate may be formed as a panel forming said door.
  • said laminate may form an edge beam of said door, wherein two such edge beams are arranged vertically and two such edge beams are arranged horizontally, and wherein the edge beams are mutually connected to form an edge frame of said door.
  • said layer of fire-resistant material may be a material that is poured in a liquid phase between each layer of wood comprising material and then cured in order to form said laminate.
  • said layers of wood comprising material may be made of one piece comprising a cavity in which said material is poured and then cured. In the area of said poured and cured material said laminate is formed.
  • Said poured material may both be an expanding, in particular foaming material that expands or foams if the temperature exceeds a certain threshold temperature as in the case of a fire, as well as a material that substantially maintains its shape and form in the case of a fire.
  • said layer of fire-resistant material is glued to each layer of wood comprising material over adjacent longitudinal edges thereof.
  • Said layer of fire-resistant material is formed as a longitudinal extending plate or strip and is glued with two of its opposing surfaces to each layer of wood comprising material. Gluing the layer of fire-resistant material to the layers of wood comprising material may take place relatively fast and thereby relatively cheap, without having to cure the fire-resistant material. The applicant has found, that in comparison with a poured and cured fire-resistant material, less CO 2 may be produced during manufacturing said laminate. After gluing said fire-resistant material to said layers of wood comprising material a stable laminate is obtained, and therefore a stable window-frame, door-frame, window or door may be obtained. Also, an improved fire resistance may be obtained with respect to a poured and cured layer, because the presence of air bubbles, which otherwise may be formed during pouring or curing of the liquid fire-resistant material, in the fire-resistant material is prevented or at least reduced.
  • said fire-resistant material is a mineral bounded fibre-reinforced and/or filler-reinforced plate or strip like material.
  • said mineral may be calcium silicate or magnesium.
  • Such mineral, in particular calcium silicate or magnesium bounded fibre-reinforced plate or strip like material is not toxic and releases no harmful gasses when burnt.
  • Such a non-toxic fire-resistant material is in particular advantageous in cases where water is used for extinguishing a fire.
  • the water used for extinguishing the fire may comprise parts or pieces of said fire-resistant material and because of it being non-toxic the used water comprising said parts or pieces will not contaminate the soil.
  • said described fire-resistant material may be cheaper than a poured fire-resistant material. Said fire-resistant material substantially maintains its shape under influence of heat and is in particular not a "foam material".
  • said mineral layer it is difficult to glue said mineral layer to said two layers of wood comprising material, in particular with respect to the requirements of sufficient stability on the one hand and flexibility in case of a fire on the other hand, which flexibility must be provided with respect to expansion or shrinkage or bending of the wood comprising material which may occur due to the heat of the fire.
  • said mineral must be machineable, in particular it must be possible to mill or screw said mineral. It took the applicant a long time to find a suitable mineral and then a suitable method to make said laminate comprising said mineral and the two layers of wood comprising material, which laminate fulfills all requirements.
  • said fire-resistant material may be a composite material, in particular a fibre reinforced plastic or polymer.
  • Said polymer may be chosen from, but not limited thereto, the group comprising polyester, vinyl ester, epoxy, acrylate, polypropylene, polyamide, polycarbonate, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, polybutylene terephthalate, or any combination thereof.
  • Said fibre may be chosen from, but not limited thereto, the group comprising (quartz) glass, mineral, ceramic, carbon, stainless steel, aramide, boron, or any combination thereof.
  • Said composite material may be provided as a plate or strip like material that is attached, in particular glued to the layers of wood comprising material, or may be provided in a liquid state and poured between the layers of wood comprising material.
  • said fire-resistant material, or a second fire-resistant material comprised in said window- or door-frame and/or in said window or door is a material that expands upon being heated above a certain threshold temperature.
  • a material may expand, in particular foam when heated above said threshold temperature, and thereby fill any existing cavities between the window- or door-frame and window or door and/or between the window- or door-frame and a wall and/or between the window and door and a (glass) panel thereof.
  • Said expanding material may be said fire-resistant material comprised between said two layers of wood comprising material, or an additional fire-resistant material provided in said window- or door-frame and/or in said window or door to provide additional fire-resistance to said window- or door-frame and/or in said window or door.
  • said expanding material is comprised as additional fire-resistant materials in both the window- or door-frame and said window or door
  • said additional fire-resistant materials are preferably aligned in said first, closed position. This way, said additional fire-resistant materials form an additional one substantially continuous barrier layer between the window- or door-frame and said window or door.
  • window- or door-frame and/or in said window or door may comprise any number of such expanding material layers or strips.
  • Said two layers of wood comprising material are preferably formed as two separate layers of wood comprising material and in particular not from a solid piece of wood comprising material comprising a longitudinal groove in which said fire-resistant material is introduced.
  • Such a configuration according to the invention comprising said two separate layers of wood comprising material that are mutually connected by said fire-resistant material provides a stable laminate.
  • under influence of heat as occurring under fire said two layers of wood comprising material may bend in a different direction, such that said bending forces substantially erase each other and said laminate remains relatively straight.
  • said laminate structure comprising separate layers of wood comprising material and at least one layer of fire-resistant material provides a stable laminate, in particular under fire.
  • a stable laminate in particular under fire.
  • the structures of the two layers of wood comprising material may be arranged in different directions. In such an arrangement, even when the structures are substantially the same, a stable laminate is provided that remains relatively straight under fire due to different bending directions of the two layers of wood comprising material that result from the structures being arranged in different directions.
  • the laminate according to the invention may comprise layers of any type of wood comprising material.
  • any type of hardwood is suitable, since hardwood is relatively stable.
  • softwoods such as firwood or pinewood may be used.
  • wood comprising plates such as plywood or (medium density) fibreboard, may be used.
  • the structure of the wood comprising material may comprise the grain of the wood, or any other structure of the wood comprising material, for example the structure of the fibres of a fibreboard.
  • the thickness of the layer of fire-resistant material may be chosen in dependence of the required level of fire resistance. By providing a thicker fire-resistant material a more fire-resistant laminate is obtained.
  • said layer may be between 5 and 25 mm thick.
  • a plurality of layers of fire-resistant material may be provided, thereby improving the fire resistance of the laminate and thereby of said window-frame, door-frame, window, or door.
  • Said layers of fire-resistant material may be glued to each other or to additional layers of wood comprising material.
  • the invention further relates to a window or door, arranged to be part of an assembly according to any of the claims 1 - 9, wherein said laminate is arranged such that one layer of the two layers of wood comprising material forms the peripheral edge of said window or door or wherein said laminate is arranged such that both layers of wood comprising material and said layer of fire-resistant material form the peripheral edge of said window or door.
  • the invention further relates to a window- or door-frame, arranged to be part of an assembly according to any of the claims 1 - 9, wherein said laminate is arranged such that one layer of the two layers of wood comprising material forms the peripheral edge of said window- or door-frame or wherein said laminate is arranged such that both layers of wood comprising material and said layer of fire-resistant material form the peripheral edge of said window- or door-frame.
  • the invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a laminate for a window-frame, a door-frame, a window, or a door according to any of the claims 1 - 11, wherein said method comprises the steps of:
  • said method comprises the step of:
  • said method comprises the step, to be performed after step (c), of:
  • Compressing may take place in any suitable type of press machine.
  • said press machine may be, but not limited thereto, a high frequency press machine, a plate press machine or a vacuum press machine.
  • a high frequency press machine is suitable if hardwood is used for the layers of wood comprising material, because hardwood is difficult to compress due to its hardness and such a vacuum press machine has high compressing power, in particular of at least 200 kg/cm 2 .
  • said fire-resistant material is a mineral bounded fibre-reinforced plate or strip like material.
  • said mineral may be calcium silicate or magnesium.
  • said two layers of wood comprising material provided in step (a) are formed as two separate layers.
  • the structures of the two layers of wood comprising material are different.
  • steps (a) and (c) are performed such that said two layers of wood comprising material are provided such and glued to said layer of fire-resistant material such that the structures of the two layers of wood comprising material are arranged in different directions.
  • such two separate layers of wood comprising material, optionally with different structures or different arranged structures, provide a stable laminate and thereby a stable window-frame, door-frame, window, or door.
  • said method comprises the steps of:
  • the invention further relates to a method for manufacturing an assembly of a window- or door-frame and a window or door according to any of the claims 1 - 9, comprising the step of:
  • the figure shows a horizontal cross-section through an assembly of a fire-resistant window- or door-frame 1 and a fire-resistant window or door 2.
  • the window- or door-frame 1 and the window or door 2 have a similar cross-section, independent whether it's a window(-frame) or door(-frame), the invention is described with respect to only one figure, indication either a an assembly of a fire-resistant window- frame and window, or a fire-resistant door-frame and door.
  • said window- or door-frame 1 and said window or door 2, in particular an edge 3 of said window 2 or and edge beam 3 of said door 2 comprise a laminate comprising two longitudinal extending layers of fire-resistant material 4, wherein each layer of fire-resistant material 4 is interposed between two longitudinal extending layers of wood 5.
  • each layer of fire-resistant material 4 is interposed between two longitudinal extending layers of wood 5.
  • two layers of fire-resistant material 4 which are arranged alternatingly in said laminate.
  • the layers of fire-resistant material 4 of the window- or door-frame 1 and the window or door 2 are aligned, in particular extend in extension with respect to each other.
  • the longitudinal direction is defined here as the longitudinal direction of each edge of said window- or door-frame 1 or each edge or edge beam 3 of said window or door 2, which is vertical for the vertical edges or edge beams, and horizontal for the horizontal edges or edge beams.
  • Said fire-resistant material 4 is for example a calcium silicate or magnesium bounded fibre-reinforced plate or strip like material. It is noted that instead of wood, said layers 5 may be composed of any wood comprising material, as described above. Said wood layers 5 are separate layers of wood. Said edges and edge beams are arranged such that all layers of the laminate, i.e. the three wood layers 5 and the fire-resistant material 5, form the peripheral edge of said window- or door-frame 1 or window or door 2.
  • the grains 6 of two succeeding wood layers 5 are arranged in opposing orientations or directions. Additionally or alternatively, the grains 6 of the wood layers 5 may be different.
  • said window- or door-frame 1 is mounted in a wall 7.
  • strips 8 are provided, which strips 8 are made of a material that expands, in particular foams, under the influence of heat as in the case of a fire.
  • Said strips 8 extend in the longitudinal direction of the edge of the frame 1, and are orientated such with respect to the wall 7, that they extend perpendicular with respect to the wall 7.
  • Said strips 8 provide additional fire-resistance between the frame 1 and the wall 7.
  • said window or door 2 comprise a panel 10 held by the edges or edge beams 3 thereof, which panel may be a glass panel in the case of a window or a panel made of any suitable material in the case of a door 2.
  • a strip 8 is provided, which strip 8 is made of said expanding or foaming material.
  • Said strip 8 extends in the longitudinal direction of the edge or edge beam 3, and is orientated parallel with respect to the edge or edge beam 3 and peripheral side of the panel 10. Said strip 8 provides additional fire-resistance between the window or door 2 and the panel 10.
  • said frame 1 and window or door 2 further comprise strips 8, which strips 8 are made of said expanding or foaming material.
  • Said strips 8 extend in the longitudinal direction of the edge of the frame 1 and edge or edge beam 3 of the window or door 2, and are orientated such that they are aligned, in particular extend in extension with respect to each other. Said strips 8 provide additional fire-resistance between the frame 1 and window or door 2.
  • any suitable number, location and orientation of strips 8 may be chosen.
  • the longitudinal extending layer of fire-resistant material 4 is glued with its longitudinal edges 11 to longitudinal edges 12 of the wood layers 5.
  • said layers 4 and 5 are compressed in a press machine after gluing, such that the glue bond there between is enhanced.
  • an esthetical cover layer may be provided over said edges or edge beams to cover said laminate.
  • any number of layers may be provided, wherein additional layers may improve the stability of the edge beams and less layers may provide a cheaper assembly.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Special Wing (AREA)
EP15173166.8A 2014-06-20 2015-06-22 Ensemble d'un cadre de porte ou de fenêtre, et fenêtre ou porte Withdrawn EP2957704A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL2013048A NL2013048B1 (en) 2014-06-20 2014-06-20 Assembly of a window-or door-frame and a window or door.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2957704A1 true EP2957704A1 (fr) 2015-12-23

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ID=51753437

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15173166.8A Withdrawn EP2957704A1 (fr) 2014-06-20 2015-06-22 Ensemble d'un cadre de porte ou de fenêtre, et fenêtre ou porte

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EP (1) EP2957704A1 (fr)
NL (1) NL2013048B1 (fr)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0752505A1 (fr) * 1995-01-24 1997-01-08 Maria Desamparados Mateu Gil Nouvelle enceinte resistant au feu pendant une duree predeterminee
WO2008030087A1 (fr) * 2006-09-05 2008-03-13 Wijnveld B.V. Porte résistante au feu et procédé de fabrication d'une poutre de bord, bande de renforcement et poutres de vitrage pour ladite porte

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0752505A1 (fr) * 1995-01-24 1997-01-08 Maria Desamparados Mateu Gil Nouvelle enceinte resistant au feu pendant une duree predeterminee
WO2008030087A1 (fr) * 2006-09-05 2008-03-13 Wijnveld B.V. Porte résistante au feu et procédé de fabrication d'une poutre de bord, bande de renforcement et poutres de vitrage pour ladite porte

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL2013048B1 (en) 2016-07-06

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