EP2952748B1 - Charging device for a combustion engine - Google Patents
Charging device for a combustion engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2952748B1 EP2952748B1 EP15170770.0A EP15170770A EP2952748B1 EP 2952748 B1 EP2952748 B1 EP 2952748B1 EP 15170770 A EP15170770 A EP 15170770A EP 2952748 B1 EP2952748 B1 EP 2952748B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- compressor
- rear wall
- supercharging device
- inlet opening
- elevations
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
- F02B33/32—Engines with pumps other than of reciprocating-piston type
- F02B33/34—Engines with pumps other than of reciprocating-piston type with rotary pumps
- F02B33/40—Engines with pumps other than of reciprocating-piston type with rotary pumps of non-positive-displacement type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
- F02B39/02—Drives of pumps; Varying pump drive gear ratio
- F02B39/08—Non-mechanical drives, e.g. fluid drives having variable gear ratio
- F02B39/10—Non-mechanical drives, e.g. fluid drives having variable gear ratio electric
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D13/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
- F04D13/0606—Canned motor pumps
- F04D13/062—Canned motor pumps pressure compensation between motor- and pump- compartment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
- F04D25/0606—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven the electric motor being specially adapted for integration in the pump
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
- F04D25/068—Mechanical details of the pump control unit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
- F04D25/0693—Details or arrangements of the wiring
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/08—Sealings
- F04D29/083—Sealings especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
- F04D29/661—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/668—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps damping or preventing mechanical vibrations
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/70—Suction grids; Strainers; Dust separation; Cleaning
- F04D29/701—Suction grids; Strainers; Dust separation; Cleaning especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
Definitions
- Charging devices for internal combustion engines are known from the prior art, which compress the charge air of the internal combustion engine by means of a compressor.
- the compressor wheel is driven in the compressor by means of an electric motor.
- a power electronics circuit for controlling the electric motor is arranged in a receiving space which is arranged between the rear wall and the wall of the motor housing.
- the receiving space is hermetically sealed from the compressor room and the engine compartment. This has the advantage that no fluids and / or particles from the compressor chamber or the engine compartment can get into the receiving space with the power electronics circuit.
- the direct connection from the compressor chamber into the engine compartment has a pipe socket in order to allow pressure equalization between the two chambers.
- This pipe socket extends in the axial direction through the rear wall, the receiving space and the wall of the motor housing in the engine compartment to form a direct fluid-conducting connection between the engine compartment and the compressor chamber.
- the pipe socket is designed so that only a connection between the compressor chamber and the engine compartment and no connection can be made in the receiving space.
- the pipe socket is an integral part of the integrally manufactured rear wall.
- the pipe socket is advantageously eccentric to the shaft of the charging device.
- connection between the compressor chamber and the engine compartment to allow pressure equalization may include other components.
- at least one membrane may be provided, for example a semi-permeable membrane, for selectively passing gases and retaining solid or liquid particles.
- the membrane may be mounted in the pipe socket, at the inlet opening on the rear wall and / or at an outlet of the pipe socket in the region of the engine compartment.
- a device may be provided which controls or controls the connection or the flow through the connection between the rooms.
- Such a device can be in shape a valve and / or a nozzle, for example a venturi, integrated. This has the advantage that over the connection between the compressor chamber and the engine compartment not only a pressure equalization is made possible, but at the same time the pressure compensation can be controlled or regulated and / or contamination by liquids or particles can be avoided.
- At least two elevations can be arranged.
- the surveys are preferably separated by a depression.
- An imaginary middle straight is defined passing through the center of the entrance opening and the center M of the rear wall.
- the depression extends along an imaginary auxiliary axis.
- the auxiliary axis intersects the middle straight radially outside the inlet opening.
- second depressions and correspondingly further elevations may preferably be provided in the circumferential direction in front of and behind the first depressions.
- the auxiliary straight lines of the second depressions each have a second angle ⁇ 2, ⁇ 2 to the middle straight line and intersect the middle straight line radially outside the inlet opening.
- the first and second angles ( ⁇ 1, ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 2) are each between 70 ° and 20 °, preferably between 60 ° and 25 °.
- the first angles ( ⁇ 1, ⁇ 1) are smaller than the second angles ( ⁇ 2, ⁇ 2).
- the first angles ( ⁇ 1, ⁇ 1) are at most 95% of the second angles ( ⁇ 2, ⁇ 2).
- the compressor wheel has the diameter D1 (largest diameter of the compressor wheel).
- the entirety of the elevations may extend over a length L.
- the length L is measured perpendicular to the middle straight and parallel to a plane defined by the back wall.
- the length L is perpendicular to the axis of the shaft.
- the length L is between 0.7 * D1 and 0.2 * D1, in particular between 0.6 * D1 and 0.3 * D1.
- the entirety of the elevations may extend over a segment angle ⁇ , measured with respect to the center point M of the rear wall and in the plane the back wall.
- the segment angle ⁇ is preferably between 120 ° and 45 °, in particular between 100 ° and 60 °.
- a height H1 of the at least one elevation, measured in the axial direction, is preferably between 0.1 mm and 5 mm, in particular between 0.1 mm and 1 mm.
- the arrangement of the elevations and depressions is symmetrical to the middle straight, which runs through the center of the inlet opening and the center M of the rear wall.
- a sealing point may preferably be formed in order to seal off the compressor chamber from the engine compartment.
- the sealing point is provided either as a non-contact seal or as a dynamic seal, in particular with at least one piston ring.
- it is deliberately dispensed with a contacting seal, in particular with piston rings, in order to avoid “seizing” (notching) of the piston rings in the motor housing.
- For hermetic sealing of the engine compartment relative to the receiving space is preferably a further seal between the compound, in particular in the form of a pipe socket, provided by the compressor chamber in the engine compartment and the wall of the motor housing.
- a device may be provided to allow pressure equalization between the receiving space and the environment.
- it can be provided that extends from the power electronics circuit through the motor housing at least one electrical conductor to allow an electrically conductive connection between the power electronics circuit and the electric motor.
- the charging device may further include a bearing device for supporting a shaft connecting the rotor to the compressor wheel, the bearing device having a vibration damping device. By the vibration damping can be made possible, for example, a calmer and smoother and less vibration running the shaft.
- FIG. 1 shows in sectional view the charging device 1 comprising a compressor 2.
- the compressor 2 has a compressor housing 3.
- a compressor 4 is arranged in the compressor housing 3. This compressor 4 is located in the so-called compressor room.
- the charging device 1 comprises an electric motor 5.
- the electric motor 5 is composed of a rotor 6 and a stator 7.
- the compressor 4 and the rotor 6 are arranged coaxially, so that the shaft 8 is also the rotor shaft at the same time.
- FIG. 1 shows an axial direction 18 corresponding to the shaft 8. Perpendicular to the axial direction 18 is a radial direction 19. Around the axial direction 18 around a circumferential direction 20 is defined.
- the charging device 1 further comprises a motor housing 9.
- a motor housing 9 In this motor housing 9, an engine compartment 10 is formed.
- the engine compartment 10 is closed on the side facing away from the compressor 2 by means of a cover 12.
- To the compressor 2 through the engine compartment 10 is limited by a wall 11 of the motor housing 9.
- the compressor housing 3 is open on its side facing the motor housing 9. This open side is closed by means of a rear wall 13.
- the rear wall 13 is made of plastic, in particular duroplastic, or of metal, in particular aluminum. In the production of plastic in particular high temperature resistant polyamide is used.
- the rear wall 13 is made of fiber-reinforced plastic.
- 0.1 mm-0.6 mm, in particular 0.2 to 0.4 mm high studs may be provided on a side facing the compressor 2, which defines a defined axial positioning of the rear wall 13 provide relative to the compressor housing.
- the knobs may be convex so that they are easily deformable.
- the motor housing 9 is connected with its wall 11 fixed to the compressor housing 3, in particular screwed.
- a receiving space 14 is formed between the rear wall 13 and the wall 11.
- a power electronics circuit 15 for power supply and control of the electric motor 5.
- the receiving space 14 is hermetically sealed against the compressor chamber and the engine compartment 10.
- a device 40 may be provided which allows a pressure equalization between the receiving space 14 and the environment. Further details of the device 40 for pressure equalization will be discussed below FIG. 9 described.
- FIG. 3 shows between the outer ring of the first bearing 16 and the adjacent motor housing 9, two O-rings 38.
- These O-rings 38 are used inter alia as a device for vibration damping.
- the O-rings 38 can, as shown in a groove in the outer ring of the bearings 16 and 17 (see FIGS. 1 and 3 ) to sit. Additionally or alternatively, a groove in the motor housing 9 and the cover 12 may be provided.
- the O-rings 38 are preferably made of HNBR, rubber or rubber.
- the motor housing 9 and / or the lid 12 may be made of aluminum, for example.
- the outer ring of the bearings 16, 17 is usually made of steel.
- the O-rings 38 can avoid an unfavorable, chemically active combination of materials.
- the O-rings damped mechanical vibrations.
- the O-rings 38 thus ensure a chemical and mechanical decoupling.
- the device for Vibration damping at least one spring element (not shown).
- the spring element can be arranged, for example, in the axial direction 18 between the bearing 16 and the motor housing 9 and / or the bearing 17 and the cover 12 (for example, in the space between the bearing 17 and cover 12 to see FIG. 1 ).
- the wall 11 of the motor housing 9 has an axially extending portion 37. Radial within this section 37 is the power electronics circuit 15 and corresponding to the receiving space 14th
- FIG. 2 shows in detail the first seal 21.
- the compressor housing 3 has a first inner peripheral surface 24.
- the wall 11 has a first radial surface 25.
- On the rear wall 13, a first outer peripheral surface 23 is defined.
- the first seal 21 is disposed between the first radial surface 25 of the wall 11 and a second radial surface 26 of the compressor housing 3.
- the compressor housing 3 has a second radial surface 26.
- the first seal 21 is fully disposed between the first outer peripheral surface 23, the first inner peripheral surface 24, the first radial surface 25, and the second radial surface 26 and clamped between the first radial surface 25 and the second radial surface 26 in the axial direction 18, thereby generating the sealing effect.
- the seal between the first radial surface 25 and the first seal 21 is not as pronounced as between the second radial surface 26 and the first seal 21 in order to position the rear wall 13 on the motor housing 9 during the compression.
- FIG. 3 are recesses in the rear wall 13 and the wall 11 can be seen, which serve to pass the shaft 8 from the engine compartment 10 into the compressor chamber. Further shows FIG. 3 in detail, the arrangement of the second seal 22.
- the second seal 22 is fully on a second outer peripheral surface 28 of Wall 11 arranged. Furthermore, a second inner circumferential surface 27 of the rear wall 13 rests against this second seal 22.
- FIG. 1 shows an electrical conductor 29 in the form of a bolt.
- the electrical conductor 29 electrically conductively contacts the power electronics circuit 15 with the coils of the stator 7.
- the electrical conductor 29 protrudes through the wall 11.
- a third seal 30 is provided in the region of the wall 11.
- the third seal 30 is a seal applied to the electrical conductor 29 in a tubular manner.
- the third seal extends over at least half the length of the stator, preferably over at least two thirds of the length of the stator, in the axial direction.
- the third seal has circumferential projections, in particular in the region of the through hole through the wall 11, to locally generate a greater contact pressure against the through hole in the wall 11.
- the third seal 30 serves not only to seal the through-hole in the wall 11, but also to electrically insulate the electrical conductor 29 from the stator 7.
- the electrical conductors 29 extend over the entire axial length of the stator 7, so that the electrical conductors 29 can be contacted with the stator 7 in the region of the cover 12. That is, the electrical conductors 29 extend advantageously over the entire length of the stator in the axial direction 18.
- the contact between the stator 7 and electrical conductor 29 can thus, due to mounting reasons, on the side facing away from the compressor 2 of the stator 7.
- the electrical conductors 29 and the stator 7 can be electrically connected to each other, for example via a crimp connection.
- the motor housing has a cover 12. Before mounting this cover 12 can on this page, the electrical conductors 29 with the windings on the stator. 7 be electrically connected, as described for example by crimping. Only then the lid 12 is mounted accordingly. Overall, the configuration and arrangement of the electrical conductors 29 thus has to take the advantages of a quick and easy installation with low risk for damage and without major losses in performance for the electrical connection in purchasing.
- FIG. 6 shows a side facing away from the compressor 2 side of the motor housing 9 with disassembled lid 12. From this illustration, it can be clearly seen that with disassembled cover 12, the ends of the electrical conductors 29 and the stator 7 are accessible. Thus, prior to assembly of the lid 12, the ends of the electrical conductors 29 may be electrically conductively connected to the stator 7 as described above.
- FIGS. 1 and 3 show in detail, there is a non-contact fourth sealing point 31 between the wall 11 and the shaft 8.
- This fourth sealing point 31 is located in particular radially within the second seal 22nd
- FIG. 4 shows in an isometric view and in a sectional view of the exact configuration of the rear wall 13.
- the rear wall 13 is an integrally manufactured component.
- FIG. 4 shows in particular the exact arrangement of the first and second seals 21, 22 on the rear wall 13.
- the two seals 21, 22 are in particular adhesively bonded or vulcanized seals, which are arranged fully.
- the first seal 21 and / or the second seal 22 may be arranged in a groove in the rear wall 13 or a corresponding extension may be formed on the rear wall 13 which fits into a corresponding groove in the first seal 21 or second seal 22 sticks out.
- FIG. 4 a plurality of reinforcing ribs 32, which are an integral part of the rear wall 13.
- the reinforcing ribs 32 are arranged in the radial direction 19 in a star shape and are located on the side facing the receiving space 14.
- a pipe socket 33 which serves as a connection between the compressor chamber and the engine compartment 10. This is located at a geodetic down position, ie below the shaft 8. As in particular FIG. 1 shows, the compound or the pipe socket 33 forms a fluid-conducting connection between the compressor chamber and the engine compartment 10. Via a fifth seal 35 of the pipe socket 33 is sealed against the wall 11.
- the pipe socket 33 allows pressure equalization between the compressor chamber and the engine compartment 10.
- the pipe socket 33 is formed so that only a connection between the compressor chamber and the engine compartment 10 and no connection takes place in the receiving space 14. It can be provided that the pipe socket 33 is an integral part of the integrally manufactured rear wall 13.
- the pipe socket 33 is located eccentrically to the shaft 8 of the charging device 1.
- the direct connection of the compressor chamber in the engine compartment has the advantage that high pressure differences between the engine compartment and the compressor chamber can be avoided. As a result, the forces on the seals and the bearings, for example by high pressures without pressure equalization, can be avoided or reduced. This reduces the risk that lubricants or the like from the bearings and / or seals in the compressor chamber or the engine compartment are pressed and cause damage there.
- connection between the compressor chamber and the engine compartment 10 to allow pressure equalization may include other components.
- a membrane may be provided, in particular a semipermeable membrane in order to selectively pass gases and to retain solid or liquid particles.
- a membrane may be mounted in the embodiment shown in the figures in the pipe socket 33, at the inlet opening 34 on the rear wall 13 and / or at an outlet of the pipe socket 33 in the region of the engine compartment 10.
- a device may be provided which regulates or controls the connection or flow through the connection between the rooms.
- Such a device can be integrated in the form of a valve and / or a nozzle, for example a Venturi nozzle. This has the advantage that over the connection between the compressor chamber and the engine compartment not only a pressure equalization is made possible, but at the same time the pressure compensation can be controlled or regulated and / or contamination by liquids or particles can be avoided.
- FIG. 5 shows a plan view of the compressor 2 facing side of the rear wall 13.
- a plurality of elevations 36 are arranged around the inlet opening 34 of the pipe socket 33 .
- These elevations 36 extend in the circumferential direction 20 sickle-shaped around the inlet opening 34.
- particles are derived so that they are not likely to penetrate into the inlet opening 34 and thus into the pipe socket 33. It should be largely avoided that particles pass through the inlet opening 34 of the pipe socket 33 in the engine compartment 10. Such particles may in particular be burnt oil droplets or soot particles.
- An embodiment of the elevations 36 will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 . 4 . 5 . 7 and 8 described in more detail.
- the compressor wheel has a certain diameter D1 (see FIG. 1 ).
- the center of an inlet opening 34 of the pipe socket 33 in the rear wall 13 is spaced from a center M of the rear wall by a distance A1.
- the distance A1 is preferably in a range of 0.2 * (D1 / 2) and 0.9 * (D1 / 2), in particular between 0.4 * (D1 / 2) and 0.8 * (D1 / 2) ,
- a plurality of the elevations 36 extend in the circumferential direction on the rear wall 13.
- a survey 36 fully encloses the inlet opening 34 of the pipe socket 33rd Die Figures 5 and 7 show a crescent-shaped arrangement of the elevations 36 in the circumferential direction around the inlet opening 34.
- the survey or the surveys 36 provide during operation of the charging device that particles due to their inertia at least with high probability at the inlet opening 34 are thrown past and not be discharged with the condensate, but with the compressed air to the combustion process in the internal combustion engine are supplied.
- the elevations 36 are shown separated by a depression. Furthermore, in FIG. 7 to see an imaginary middle line passing through the center of the inlet opening 34 and the center M of the rear wall 13.
- the recesses extend along imaginary auxiliary axes which are also in FIG. 7 are shown.
- the auxiliary axes of the recesses intersect the middle straight radially outside the inlet opening 34.
- first and second angles ( ⁇ 1, ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 2) are each between 70 ° and 20 °, in particular between 60 ° and 25 °.
- the first angles ( ⁇ 1, ⁇ 1) are preferably smaller than the second angles ( ⁇ 2, ⁇ 2). In particular, the first angles ( ⁇ 1, ⁇ 1) are at most 95% of the second angles ( ⁇ 2, ⁇ 2).
- the compressor wheel 4 has the diameter D1 (largest diameter of the compressor wheel 4).
- the entirety of the projections 36 may extend over a length L (see FIG. 7 ).
- the length L is measured perpendicular to the middle straight line and parallel to a plane which is spanned by the rear wall 13.
- the length L is thus perpendicular to the axis of the shaft 8.
- the length L is between 0.7 * D1 and 0.2 * D1, in particular between 0.6 * D1 and 0.3 * D1.
- FIG. 7 is shown that the entirety of the projections 36 extends over a segment angle ⁇ , with respect to the center point M of the rear wall 13 and is measured in the plane of the rear wall 13.
- the segment angle ⁇ is between 120 ° and 45 °, in particular between 100 ° and 60 °.
- the arc shape has a steadily changing radius with respect to the midpoint M.
- the arc shape On the middle straight, the arc shape has a first radius R1.
- the radius increases towards the outer ends of the elevations 36 as far as a second radius R2.
- the second radius R2 is at least 110% of the first radius R1.
- FIG. 8 shows a sectional view (along the section line AA in FIG. 7 ) through one of the elevations 36.
- a height H1 of the elevation 36, measured in the axial direction, is between 0.1 mm and 5 mm, in particular between 0.1 mm and 1 mm.
- the edges of the elevation 36 can be seen.
- the edges of the elevation 36 are rounded off with a defined radius R3.
- the radius is preferably between 0.05mm and 0.1mm.
- FIG. 9 shows an option of the embodiment for a device 40 to allow pressure equalization between the receiving space 14 and the environment.
- the pressure compensation device 40 may be any type of connection, for example, one or more holes or bores that allow pressure equalization between the receiving space 14 and the environment.
- the device 40 for pressure compensation may comprise a membrane, in particular a semipermeable membrane. This membrane can thus be liquid-impermeable and gas-permeable, so that the pressure equalization between the receiving space 14 and the environment is possible.
- the membrane may, for example, be mounted in the region of the connection in the form of one or more holes or bores above / below or in these.
- a connection, for example via a plug 39, of the receiving space 14 with respect to the environment may be provided.
- the means 40 for pressure compensation in such a plug 39 may be integrated, as in FIG. 9 is shown.
- the plug 39 may be suitable for the control of the power electronics circuit 15 and / or the power supply of the electric motor 5.
- the device 40 may be integrated for pressure equalization in a collar 41 of the plug 39. This has the advantage that a single component can be used both for the electrical contacting of the power electronic circuit 15 and for enabling a pressure equalization.
- the pressure compensation device 40 may also include a valve and / or a nozzle, for example in the form of a Venturi nozzle. This allows a controlled and regulated pressure equalization.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
- Compressor (AREA)
Description
Vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Aufladevorrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere in einem Fahrzeug, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Eine derartige Aufladevorrichtung ist aus der
Aus dem Stand der Technik sind Aufladevorrichtungen für Brennkraftmaschinen bekannt, die mittels eines Verdichters die Ladeluft der Brennkraftmaschine verdichten. Bei den hier betrachteten Aufladevorrichtungen wird das Verdichterrad im Verdichter mittels eines Elektromotors angetrieben.Charging devices for internal combustion engines are known from the prior art, which compress the charge air of the internal combustion engine by means of a compressor. In the charging devices considered here, the compressor wheel is driven in the compressor by means of an electric motor.
Es ist Aufgabe vorliegender Erfindung eine Aufladevorrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine bereit zu stellen, die bei kostengünstiger Herstellung und wartungsarmen Betrieb dauerfest betrieben werden kann. Gleichzeitig soll die Aufladevorrichtung sehr kleinbauend und leichtbauend sein.It is an object of the present invention to provide a charging device for an internal combustion engine, which can be operated permanently at low cost production and low-maintenance operation. At the same time, the charging device should be very compact and lightweight.
Die Lösung der Aufgabe erfolgt durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1. Die Unteransprüche haben vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung zum Gegenstand.The object is achieved by the features of claim 1. The dependent claims have advantageous embodiments of the invention the subject.
Nach einem Aspekt werden die Aufladevorrichtung und die Brennkraftmaschine insbesondere in einem Fahrzeug eingesetzt. Die Aufladevorrichtung umfasst einen Verdichter mit einem Verdichtergehäuse und einem Verdichterraum. In dem Verdichterraum ist ein Verdichterrad angeordnet. Die Aufladevorrichtung umfasst des Weiteren einen Elektromotor mit einem Rotor und einem Stator. Ferner ist ein Motorgehäuse vorgesehen. In dem Motorgehäuse ist ein Motorraum ausgebildet. Dieser dient zur Aufnahme des Stators und des Rotors. Eine Verbindung von dem Verdichterraum in den Motorraum ermöglicht einen Druckausgleich zwischen dem Verdichterraum und dem Motorraum. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass hohe Druckdifferenzen zwischen dem Motorraum und dem Verdichterraum vermieden werden können. Dadurch können die Kräfte auf die Dichtungen und die Lager, zum Beispiel durch hohe Drücke ohne Druckausgleich, vermieden beziehungsweise reduziert werden. Dies verringert das Risiko, dass Schmiermittel oder dergleichen von den Lagern und/oder Dichtungen in den Verdichterraum beziehungsweise den Motorraum gepresst werden und dort Schäden anrichten.In one aspect, the charging device and the internal combustion engine are used in particular in a vehicle. The charging device comprises a compressor with a compressor housing and a compressor chamber. In the compressor room, a compressor wheel is arranged. The charging device further comprises an electric motor with a rotor and a stator. Furthermore, a motor housing is provided. In the motor housing, an engine compartment is formed. This serves to receive the stator and the rotor. A connection from the compressor room into the engine compartment allows one Pressure equalization between the compressor room and the engine compartment. This has the advantage that high pressure differences between the engine compartment and the compressor compartment can be avoided. As a result, the forces on the seals and the bearings, for example by high pressures without pressure equalization, can be avoided or reduced. This reduces the risk that lubricants or the like from the bearings and / or seals in the compressor chamber or the engine compartment are pressed and cause damage there.
Das Verdichtergehäuse ist auf der dem Motorgehäuse zugewandten Seite durch eine Rückwand verschlossen, wobei der Rückwand eine Wand des Motorgehäuses gegenüberliegt, und wobei eine Eintrittsöffnung der Verbindung in der Rückwand angeordnet ist.The compressor housing is closed on the motor housing side facing by a rear wall, wherein the rear wall facing a wall of the motor housing, and wherein an inlet opening of the compound is arranged in the rear wall.
Außerdem ist in einem Aufnahmeraum, der zwischen der Rückwand und der Wand des Motorgehäuses angeordnet ist, eine Leistungselektronikschaltung zur Ansteuerung des Elektromotors angeordnet. Der Aufnahmeraum ist hermetisch gegenüber dem Verdichterraum und dem Motorraum abgedichtet. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass keine Fluide und/oder Partikel von dem Verdichterraum beziehungsweise dem Motorraum in den Aufnahmeraum mit der Leistungselektronikschaltung gelangen können.In addition, a power electronics circuit for controlling the electric motor is arranged in a receiving space which is arranged between the rear wall and the wall of the motor housing. The receiving space is hermetically sealed from the compressor room and the engine compartment. This has the advantage that no fluids and / or particles from the compressor chamber or the engine compartment can get into the receiving space with the power electronics circuit.
Das Verdichtergehäuse weist somit vor der Montage auf seiner dem Stator zugewandten Seite eine offene Seite auf. Diese offene Seite befindet sich zwischen dem Verdichterrad und dem Elektromotor. Die offene Seite kann mittels der Rückwand verschlossen werden. Zur Gewährleistung der Herstellbarkeit und Montierbarkeit der Aufladevorrichtung kann diese Rückwand ein eigenständiges, separat vom Verdichtergehäuse gefertigtes Bauteil sein. Die Leistungselektronikschaltung dient zur Ansteuerung des Elektromotors. Dieser Aufnahmeraum ist hermetisch gegenüber dem Verdichterraum und gegenüber dem Motorraum abgedichtet. Die hermetische Abdichtung bedeutet insbesondere eine Abdichtung sowohl gegenüber Gasen als auch gegenüber Flüssigkeiten. In vorteilhaften Ausgestaltungen kann die Rückwand gefertigt sein aus: Kunststoff oder Metall, insbesondere Duroplast, hochtemperaturfestem Polyamid, faserverstärktem Kunststoff oder Aluminium. Des Weiteren kann die Rückwand mehrere Verstärkungsrippen aufweisen. Die Verstärkungsrippen können sich dabei ausgehend von einer mittigen Aussparung der Rückwand sternförmig nach außen erstrecken. Insbesondere können die Verstärkungsrippen auf der dem Elektromotor zugewandten Seite der Rückwand ausgebildet sein.The compressor housing thus has an open side on its side facing the stator prior to assembly. This open side is located between the compressor wheel and the electric motor. The open side can be closed by means of the rear wall. To ensure the manufacturability and mountability of the charging device, this rear wall can be an independent, manufactured separately from the compressor housing component. The power electronics circuit is used to control the electric motor. This receiving space is hermetically sealed from the compressor room and opposite the engine compartment. The hermetic seal means in particular a seal both against gases and against liquids. In advantageous embodiments, the rear wall can be made of: plastic or metal, in particular thermoset, high temperature resistant Polyamide, fiber-reinforced plastic or aluminum. Furthermore, the rear wall may have a plurality of reinforcing ribs. The reinforcing ribs may extend radially outward starting from a central recess of the rear wall. In particular, the reinforcing ribs may be formed on the side of the rear wall facing the electric motor.
In einer Ausgestaltung können an der Rückwand an einer dem Verdichter zugewandten Seite 0,1mm - 0,6 mm, insbesondere 0,2 bis 0,4 mm hohe Noppen vorgesehen sein, welche eine definierte axiale Positionierung der Rückwand relativ zum Verdichtergehäuse bereitstellen. Die Noppen können in einer weiteren Ausgestaltung konvex geformt sein, so dass sie leicht deformierbar sind.In one embodiment, 0.1 mm-0.6 mm, in particular 0.2 to 0.4 mm high nubs may be provided on the rear wall on a side facing the compressor, which provide a defined axial positioning of the rear wall relative to the compressor housing. The nubs may be convex in a further embodiment, so that they are easily deformable.
In Ausgestaltungen kann vorgesehen sein, dass die direkte Verbindung von dem Verdichterraum in den Motorraum einen Rohrstutzen aufweist, um den Druckausgleich zwischen den beiden Räumen zu ermöglichen. Dieser Rohrstutzen erstreckt sich in Axialrichtung durch die Rückwand, den Aufnahmeraum und die Wand des Motorgehäuses in den Motorraum, um eine direkte fluidleitende Verbindung zwischen dem Motorraum und dem Verdichterraum auszubilden. Dabei ist der Rohrstutzen so ausgebildet, dass lediglich eine Verbindung zwischen Verdichterraum und Motorraum und keine Verbindung in den Aufnahmeraum erfolgen kann. Vorzugsweise kann vorgesehen sein, dass der Rohrstutzen integraler Bestandteil der einstückig gefertigten Rückwand ist. Des Weiteren befindet sich der Rohrstutzen vorteilhafterweise exzentrisch zur Welle der Aufladevorrichtung.In embodiments, it can be provided that the direct connection from the compressor chamber into the engine compartment has a pipe socket in order to allow pressure equalization between the two chambers. This pipe socket extends in the axial direction through the rear wall, the receiving space and the wall of the motor housing in the engine compartment to form a direct fluid-conducting connection between the engine compartment and the compressor chamber. In this case, the pipe socket is designed so that only a connection between the compressor chamber and the engine compartment and no connection can be made in the receiving space. Preferably, it may be provided that the pipe socket is an integral part of the integrally manufactured rear wall. Furthermore, the pipe socket is advantageously eccentric to the shaft of the charging device.
Die Verbindung zwischen dem Verdichterraum und dem Motorraum, um den Druckausgleich zu ermöglichen kann weitere Komponenten aufweisen. So kann zum Beispiel mindestens eine Membran vorgesehen sein, zum Beispiel eine semipermeable Membran, um gezielt Gase durchzulassen und feste oder flüssige Partikel zurückzuhalten. Die Membran kann in dem Rohrstutzen angebracht sein, an der Eintrittsöffnung an der Rückwand und/oder an einem Austritt des Rohrstutzens im Bereich des Motorraums. Zusätzlich oder alternativ kann auch eine Vorrichtung vorgesehen werden, die die Verbindung bzw. den Durchfluss durch die Verbindung zwischen den Räumen regelt oder kontrolliert. Eine solche Vorrichtung kann in Form eines Ventils und/oder einer Düse, zum Beispiel einer Venturidüse, integriert werden. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass über die Verbindung zwischen dem Verdichterraum und dem Motorraum nicht nur ein Druckausgleich ermöglicht wird, sondern gleichzeitig der Druckausgleich gesteuert bzw. geregelt werden kann und/oder Verunreinigungen durch Flüssigkeiten oder Partikel vermieden werden können.The connection between the compressor chamber and the engine compartment to allow pressure equalization may include other components. Thus, for example, at least one membrane may be provided, for example a semi-permeable membrane, for selectively passing gases and retaining solid or liquid particles. The membrane may be mounted in the pipe socket, at the inlet opening on the rear wall and / or at an outlet of the pipe socket in the region of the engine compartment. Additionally or alternatively, a device may be provided which controls or controls the connection or the flow through the connection between the rooms. Such a device can be in shape a valve and / or a nozzle, for example a venturi, integrated. This has the advantage that over the connection between the compressor chamber and the engine compartment not only a pressure equalization is made possible, but at the same time the pressure compensation can be controlled or regulated and / or contamination by liquids or particles can be avoided.
In dem Verdichter sollte weitestgehend vermieden werden, dass Partikel über die Eintrittsöffnung der Verbindung beziehungsweise des Rohrstutzens in den Motorraum gelangen. Solche Partikel können insbesondere verbrannte Öltröpfchen oder Rußpartikel sein. Neben den schon beschriebenen Merkmalen sind folgende weitere unterschiedliche Maßnahmen vorgesehen um dies zu vermeiden, die einzeln oder in Kombination angewandt werden können.In the compressor should be largely avoided that particles pass through the inlet opening of the connection or the pipe socket in the engine compartment. Such particles may in particular be burnt oil droplets or soot particles. In addition to the features already described, the following further different measures are provided to avoid this, which can be applied individually or in combination.
Das Verdichterrad weist einen bestimmten Durchmesser D1 auf. Die Mitte einer Eintrittsöffnung der Verbindung beziehungsweise des Rohrstutzens in der Rückwand kann von einem Mittelpunkt M der Rückwand um einen Abstand A1 beabstandet sein. Bevorzugt liegt der Abstand A1 zwischen 0,2*(D1/2) und 0,9*(D1/2), insbesondere zwischen 0,4*(D1/2) und 0,8*(D1/2).The compressor wheel has a certain diameter D1. The center of an inlet opening of the connection or the pipe socket in the rear wall can be spaced from a center M of the rear wall by a distance A1. The distance A1 is preferably between 0.2 * (D1 / 2) and 0.9 * (D1 / 2), in particular between 0.4 * (D1 / 2) and 0.8 * (D1 / 2).
In Ausgestaltungen kann vorgesehen sein, dass an der dem Verdichter zugewandten Seite der Rückwand im Bereich der Eintrittsöffnung des Rohrstutzens zumindest eine Erhebung zum Ableiten der Partikel ausgebildet ist. Insbesondere erstreckt sich die zumindest eine Erhebung in Umfangsrichtung. Des Weiteren ist bevorzugt vorgesehen, dass die zumindest eine Erhebung sich vollumfänglich um die Eintrittsöffnung des Rohrstutzens befindet. Insbesondere ist vorgesehen, dass eine oder mehrere Erhebungen in Umfangsrichtung sichelförmig um die Eintrittsöffnung angeordnet sind. Die zumindest eine Erhebung sorgt im Betrieb der Aufladevorrichtung dafür, dass Partikel aufgrund ihrer Trägheit zumindest mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit an der Eintrittsöffnung vorbeigeschleudert werden und, zum Beispiel, nicht mit dem Kondensat abgeführt werden, sondern mit der verdichteten Luft dem Verbrennungsprozess in der Brennkraftmaschine zugeführt werden.In embodiments, it may be provided that at least one elevation for diverting the particles is formed on the side of the rear wall facing the compressor in the region of the inlet opening of the pipe socket. In particular, the at least one elevation extends in the circumferential direction. Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the at least one elevation is located completely around the inlet opening of the pipe socket. In particular, it is provided that one or more elevations in the circumferential direction are arranged sickle-shaped around the inlet opening. During operation of the charging device, the at least one elevation ensures that particles are at least very likely to be thrown past the inlet opening due to their inertia and, for example, are not removed with the condensate, but are fed to the combustion process in the internal combustion engine with the compressed air.
Es können zumindest zwei Erhebungen angeordnet sein. Die Erhebungen sind vorzugweise durch eine Vertiefung voneinander getrennt. Es wird eine imaginäre Mittelgerade definiert, die durch die Mitte der Eintrittsöffnung und den Mittelpunkt M der Rückwand verläuft. Die Vertiefung erstreckt sich entlang einer imaginären Hilfsachse. Bevorzugt schneidet die Hilfsachse die Mittelgerade radial außerhalb der Eintrittsöffnung.At least two elevations can be arranged. The surveys are preferably separated by a depression. An imaginary middle straight is defined passing through the center of the entrance opening and the center M of the rear wall. The depression extends along an imaginary auxiliary axis. Preferably, the auxiliary axis intersects the middle straight radially outside the inlet opening.
Bevorzugt kann es in Umfangsrichtung vor und hinter der Eintrittsöffnung je zumindest eine erste Vertiefung und eine entsprechende Mehrzahl an Erhebungen geben. Die Hilfsachsen der ersten Vertiefungen weisen dann zur Mittelgeraden je einen ersten Winkel α1, β1 auf und schneiden die Mittelgerade vorteilhafterweise radial außerhalb der Eintrittsöffnung.Preferably, there may be at least one first recess and a corresponding plurality of projections in the circumferential direction in front of and behind the inlet opening. The auxiliary axes of the first depressions then each have a first angle α1, β1 to the middle straight line and advantageously intersect the middle straight line radially outside the inlet opening.
Ferner können bevorzugt in Umfangsrichtung vor und hinter den ersten Vertiefungen zweite Vertiefungen und entsprechend weitere Erhebungen vorgesehen sein. Die Hilfsgeraden der zweiten Vertiefungen weisen zur Mittelgeraden je einen zweiten Winkel α2, β2 auf und schneiden die Mittelgerade radial außerhalb der Eintrittsöffnung.Furthermore, second depressions and correspondingly further elevations may preferably be provided in the circumferential direction in front of and behind the first depressions. The auxiliary straight lines of the second depressions each have a
Die ersten und zweiten Winkel (α1, β1, α2, β2) liegen jeweils zwischen 70° und 20°, bevorzugt zwischen 60° und 25°. Vorteilhaft sind die ersten Winkel (α1, β1) kleiner als die zweiten Winkel (α2, β2). Insbesondere betragen die ersten Winkel (α1, β1) höchstens 95% der zweiten Winkel (α2, β2).The first and second angles (α1, β1, α2, β2) are each between 70 ° and 20 °, preferably between 60 ° and 25 °. Advantageously, the first angles (α1, β1) are smaller than the second angles (α2, β2). In particular, the first angles (α1, β1) are at most 95% of the second angles (α2, β2).
Das Verdichterrad weist den Durchmesser D1 (größter Durchmesser des Verdichterrades) auf. Die Gesamtheit der Erhebungen kann sich über eine Länge L erstrecken. Die Länge L wird senkrecht zur Mittelgeraden und parallel zu einer Ebene, die von der Rückwand aufgespannt wird, bemessen. Die Länge L verläuft senkrecht zur Achse der Welle. Vorzugsweise beträgt die Länge L zwischen 0,7*D1 und 0,2*D1, insbesondere zwischen 0,6*D1 und 0,3*D1.The compressor wheel has the diameter D1 (largest diameter of the compressor wheel). The entirety of the elevations may extend over a length L. The length L is measured perpendicular to the middle straight and parallel to a plane defined by the back wall. The length L is perpendicular to the axis of the shaft. Preferably, the length L is between 0.7 * D1 and 0.2 * D1, in particular between 0.6 * D1 and 0.3 * D1.
Die Gesamtheit der Erhebungen kann sich über einen Segmentwinkel γ erstrecken, gemessen bezüglich des Mittepunkts M der Rückwand und in der Ebene der Rückwand. Der Segmentwinkel γ liegt vorzugsweise zwischen 120° und 45°, insbesondere zwischen 100° und 60°.The entirety of the elevations may extend over a segment angle γ, measured with respect to the center point M of the rear wall and in the plane the back wall. The segment angle γ is preferably between 120 ° and 45 °, in particular between 100 ° and 60 °.
Die radiale Innenkante der Erhebungen kann einer Bogenform folgen. Die Bogenform hat vorzugsweise einen sich stetig verändernden Radius bezüglich des Mittelpunkts M. Insbesondere ist auf der Mittelgeraden ein erster Radius R1 definiert, der zu den äußeren Enden der Erhebungen hin bis auf einen zweiten Radius R2 ansteigt. Besonders bevorzugt beträgt der zweiten Radius R2 zumindest 110% des ersten Radius R1.The radial inner edge of the elevations may follow an arc shape. The arcuate shape preferably has a continuously varying radius with respect to the midpoint M. In particular, a first radius R1 is defined on the middle straight, which increases to the outer ends of the elevations up to a second radius R2. Particularly preferably, the second radius R2 is at least 110% of the first radius R1.
Eine Höhe H1 der zumindest einen Erhebung, gemessen in Axialrichtung, beträgt bevorzugt zwischen 0,1mm und 5mm, insbesondere zwischen 0,1mm und 1mm.A height H1 of the at least one elevation, measured in the axial direction, is preferably between 0.1 mm and 5 mm, in particular between 0.1 mm and 1 mm.
Die Kanten der zumindest einen Erhebung sind vorzugsweise mit einem definierten Radius R3 abgerundet. Der Radius liegt vorzugsweise zwischen 0,05mm und 0,1mm.The edges of the at least one elevation are preferably rounded with a defined radius R3. The radius is preferably between 0.05mm and 0.1mm.
Bevorzugt ist die Anordnung der Erhebungen und Vertiefungen symmetrisch zur Mittelgeraden, die durch die Mitte der Eintrittsöffnung und die Mitte M der Rückwand verläuft.Preferably, the arrangement of the elevations and depressions is symmetrical to the middle straight, which runs through the center of the inlet opening and the center M of the rear wall.
Diese unterschiedlichen Merkmale zur Ausgestaltung und Positionierung der Eintrittsöffnung und der Erhebungen wurden anhand von Berechnungen, Simulationen und Versuchen ermittelt und können einzeln oder in synergetisch zusammenwirkender Kombination dazu eingesetzt werden, um zu vermeiden, dass Partikel über die Eintrittsöffnung und die Verbindung in den Motorraum gelangen. Entgegen der üblichen und logischen Lösung, nämlich den Motorraum abzudichten, wurde erkannt, dass das Vorsehen einer Verbindung zwischen dem Verdichterraum und dem Motorraum, zum Beispiel in Form eines Rohstutzens, und der oben beschriebenen Erhebungen wesentlich einfacher und kostengünstiger ist als die vollständige Abdichtung des Motorraums mit entsprechend nötigem Druckausgleich.These different features for configuring and positioning the entrance opening and elevations have been determined by calculations, simulations, and tests, and may be used singly or in synergistically cooperative combination to prevent particles from entering the engine compartment via the inlet and the connection. Contrary to the usual and logical solution, namely to seal the engine compartment, it has been recognized that the provision of a connection between the compressor chamber and the engine compartment, for example in the form of a raw neck, and the surveys described above is much easier and less expensive than the complete sealing of the engine compartment with appropriate pressure equalization.
Wie oben bereits beschrieben ragt die Welle durch die Wand des Motorgehäuses hindurch in den Verdichter. An dieser Stelle kann bevorzugt eine Dichtstelle ausgebildet werden, um den Verdichterraum gegenüber dem Motorraum abzudichten. Die Dichtstelle ist entweder als berührungslose Dichtung oder als dynamische Dichtung, insbesondere mit zumindest einem Kolbenring, vorgesehen. In bevorzugter Variante, insbesondere bei einem Motorgehäuse aus Aluminium wird jedoch bewusst auf eine berührende Dichtung, insbesondere auf Kolbenringe, verzichtet, um ein "Fressen" (Einkerben) der Kolbenringe im Motorgehäuse zu vermeiden.As described above, the shaft protrudes through the wall of the motor housing into the compressor. At this point, a sealing point may preferably be formed in order to seal off the compressor chamber from the engine compartment. The sealing point is provided either as a non-contact seal or as a dynamic seal, in particular with at least one piston ring. However, in a preferred variant, in particular in the case of an aluminum motor housing, it is deliberately dispensed with a contacting seal, in particular with piston rings, in order to avoid "seizing" (notching) of the piston rings in the motor housing.
Zur hermetischen Abdichtung des Motorraums gegenüber dem Aufnahmeraum ist bevorzugt eine weitere Dichtung zwischen der Verbindung, insbesondere in Form eines Rohrstutzens, von dem Verdichterraum in den Motorraum und der Wand des Motorgehäuses vorgesehen.For hermetic sealing of the engine compartment relative to the receiving space is preferably a further seal between the compound, in particular in the form of a pipe socket, provided by the compressor chamber in the engine compartment and the wall of the motor housing.
In Ausgestaltungen kann eine Einrichtung vorgesehen sein, um einen Druckausgleich zwischen dem Aufnahmeraum und der Umgebung zu ermöglichen. Außerdem kann vorgesehen sein, dass sich von der Leistungselektronikschaltung durch das Motorgehäuse zumindest ein elektrischer Leiter erstreckt, um eine elektrisch leitende Verbindung zwischen der Leistungselektronikschaltung und dem Elektromotor zu ermöglichen. Die Aufladevorrichtung kann außerdem eine Lagervorrichtung zur Lagerung einer Welle aufweisen, die den Rotor mit dem Verdichterrad verbindet, wobei die Lagervorrichtung eine Einrichtung zur Schwingungsdämpfung aufweist. Durch die Schwingungsdämpfung kann zum Beispiel ein ruhigerer und gleichmäßiger sowie vibrationsärmerer Lauf der Welle ermöglicht werden.In embodiments, a device may be provided to allow pressure equalization between the receiving space and the environment. In addition, it can be provided that extends from the power electronics circuit through the motor housing at least one electrical conductor to allow an electrically conductive connection between the power electronics circuit and the electric motor. The charging device may further include a bearing device for supporting a shaft connecting the rotor to the compressor wheel, the bearing device having a vibration damping device. By the vibration damping can be made possible, for example, a calmer and smoother and less vibration running the shaft.
Weitere Einzelheiten und Merkmale der Erfindung werden anhand der folgenden Figuren beschrieben.Further details and features of the invention will be described with reference to the following figures.
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Figur 1 eine Schnittansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Aufladevorrichtung gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel,FIG. 1 a sectional view of a charging device according to the invention according to an embodiment, -
Figur 2 ein Detail zur ersten Dichtung der erfindungsgemäßen Aufladevorrichtung gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel,FIG. 2 a detail of the first seal of the charging device according to the invention according to the embodiment, -
Figur 3 ein Detail zur zweiten Dichtung der erfindungsgemäßen Aufladevorrichtung gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel,FIG. 3 a detail of the second seal of the charging device according to the invention according to the embodiment, -
Figur 4 zwei Ansichten einer Rückwand der erfindungsgemäßen Aufladevorrichtung gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel,FIG. 4 two views of a rear wall of the charging device according to the invention according to the embodiment, -
Figur 5 eine weitere Ansicht der Rückwand der erfindungsgemäßen Aufladevorrichtung gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel,FIG. 5 a further view of the rear wall of the charging device according to the invention according to the embodiment, -
Figur 6 ein Detail der erfindungsgemäßen Aufladevorrichtung gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel mit demontiertem Deckel,FIG. 6 a detail of the charging device according to the invention according to the embodiment with the lid removed, -
Figur 7 Details der Ausgestaltung der Erhebungen auf der Rückwand gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der AufladevorrichtungFIG. 7 Details of the configuration of the elevations on the rear wall according to an advantageous embodiment of the charging device -
Figur 8 Details der Ausgestaltung der Erhebungen auf der Rückwand gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Aufladevorrichtung im SchnittFIG. 8 Details of the configuration of the elevations on the rear wall according to an advantageous embodiment of the charging device in section -
Figur 9 Ansicht eines Steckers mit integrierter Einrichtung für den Druckausgleich zwischen Aufnahmeraum und der UmgebungFIG. 9 View of a connector with integrated device for pressure equalization between the recording room and the surroundings -
Im Folgenden wird anhand der
Figuren 1 bis 9 eine Aufladevorrichtung 1 gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel im Detail beschrieben.The following is based on theFIGS. 1 to 9 a charging device 1 according to the embodiment described in detail.
Des Weiteren umfasst die Aufladevorrichtung 1 einen Elektromotor 5. Der Elektromotor 5 setzt sich zusammen aus einem Rotor 6 und einem Stator 7.Furthermore, the charging device 1 comprises an
Über eine Welle 8 ist der Rotor 6 drehfest mit dem Verdichterrad 4 verbunden. Durch Rotation des Elektromotors 5 wird somit auch das Verdichterrad 4 in Rotation versetzt.About a
Das Verdichterrad 4 und der Rotor 6 sind koaxial angeordnet, sodass die Welle 8 gleichzeitig auch die Rotorwelle ist.The compressor 4 and the
Bei Rotation des Elektromotors 5 und somit bei Rotation des Verdichterrades 4 wird Luft in Axialrichtung 18 angesaugt. Über den Verdichter 2 wird die Luft in Radialrichtung 19 verdichtet und einer Brennkraftmaschine zugeführt.Upon rotation of the
Die Aufladevorrichtung 1 umfasst ferner ein Motorgehäuse 9. In diesem Motorgehäuse 9 ist ein Motorraum 10 ausgebildet. Der Motorraum 10 ist auf der dem Verdichter 2 abgewandten Seite mittels eines Deckels 12 verschlossen. Zum Verdichter 2 hin ist der Motorraum 10 durch eine Wand 11 des Motorgehäuses 9 begrenzt. Das Verdichtergehäuse 3 ist auf seiner dem Motorgehäuse 9 zugewandten Seite offen. Diese offene Seite ist mittels einer Rückwand 13 verschlossen. Insbesondere wird die Rückwand 13 aus Kunststoff, insbesondere Duroplast, oder aus Metall, insbesondere Aluminium, gefertigt. Bei der Fertigung aus Kunststoff kommt insbesondere hochtemperaturfestes Polyamid zum Einsatz. Des Weiteren ist bevorzugt vorgesehen, dass die Rückwand 13 aus faserverstärktem Kunststoff gefertigt wird.The charging device 1 further comprises a
An der Rückwand 13 können an einer dem Verdichter 2 zugewandten Seite 0,1mm - 0,6 mm, insbesondere 0,2 bis 0,4 mm hohe Noppen (in den Figuren nicht gezeigt) vorgesehen sein, welche eine definierte axiale Positionierung der Rückwand 13 relativ zum Verdichtergehäuse bereitstellen. Die Noppen können konvex geformt sein, so dass sie leicht deformierbar sind.On the
Das Motorgehäuse 9 ist mit seiner Wand 11 fest mit dem Verdichtergehäuse 3 verbunden, insbesondere verschraubt. Dabei ist zwischen der Rückwand 13 und der Wand 11 ein Aufnahmeraum 14 ausgebildet. In diesem Aufnahmeraum 14 befindet sich eine Leistungselektronikschaltung 15 zur Stromversorgung und Ansteuerung des Elektromotors 5. Der Aufnahmeraum 14 ist gegenüber dem Verdichterraum und gegenüber dem Motorraum 10 hermetisch abgedichtet. Es kann eine Einrichtung 40 vorgesehen sein, die einen Druckausgleich zwischen dem Aufnahmeraum 14 und der Umgebung ermöglicht. Weitere Details zur Einrichtung 40 für den Druckausgleich werden weiter unten in Verbindung mit
Die Welle 8 ist gegenüber der Wand 11 des Motorgehäuses 9 mit einem ersten Lager 16 gelagert. Zwischen der Welle 8 und dem Deckel 12 befindet sich ein zweites Lager 17.
Die Wand 11 des Motorgehäuses 9 weist einen sich axial erstreckenden Abschnitt 37 auf. Radial innerhalb dieses Abschnittes 37 befindet sich die Leistungselektronikschaltung 15 und entsprechend der Aufnahmeraum 14.The
Zur hermetischen Abdichtung des Aufnahmeraums 14 sind zumindest eine erste Dichtung 21 und eine zweite Dichtung 22 vorgesehen. Diese Dichtungen 21, 22 werden anhand der Detaildarstellungen in den
In
Insbesondere werden drei solcher elektrischen Leiter 29, verteilt entlang des Umfangs, verwendet. Die elektrischen Leiter 29 erstrecken sich über die gesamte axiale Länge des Stators 7, sodass die elektrischen Leiter 29 im Bereich des Deckels 12 mit dem Stator 7 kontaktierbar sind. Das heißt, die elektrischen Leiter 29 erstrecken sich vorteilhafterweise über die gesamte Länge des Stators in Axialrichtung 18. Die Kontaktierung zwischen Stator 7 und elektrischem Leiter 29 kann somit, aufgrund von Montagegründen, auf der dem Verdichter 2 abgewandten Seite des Stators 7 erfolgen. Insbesondere können die elektrischen Leiter 29 und der Stator 7 zum Beispiel über eine Crimpverbindung miteinander elektrisch verbunden werden. Durch die Länge der elektrischen Leitung 29 und das Vercrimpen auf der von der Leistungselektronikschaltung 15 abgewandten Seite können Montageschäden durch den Vercrimpvorgang auf der Leistungselektronikschaltung 15 vermieden werden. Auf der dem Verdichter 2 abgewandten Seite des Stators 7 weist das Motorgehäuse einen Deckel 12 auf. Vor der Montage dieses Deckels 12 können an dieser Seite die elektrischen Leiter 29 mit den Wicklungen am Stator 7 elektrisch leitend verbunden werden, wie beschrieben zum Beispiel durch Vercrimpen. Erst dann wird der Deckel 12 entsprechend montiert. Diese Anordnung ermöglicht eine einfache Montage der sehr kompakt aufgebauten Aufladevorrichtung 1. Insgesamt hat die Ausgestaltung und Anordnung der elektrischen Leiter 29 somit die Vorteile einer schnellen und einfachen Montage mit geringem Risiko für Montageschäden und ohne große Leistungseinbußen für die elektrische Verbindung in Kauf nehmen zu müssen.In particular, three such
Wie
Ferner zeigen die Darstellungen in
Ein weiterer Bestandteil der Rückwand 13 ist ein Rohrstutzen 33, der als Verbindung zwischen dem Verdichterraum und dem Motorraum 10 dient. Dieser befindet sich an einer geodätisch unten liegenden Position, also unterhalb der Welle 8. Wie insbesondere
Die Verbindung zwischen dem Verdichterraum und dem Motorraum 10, um den Druckausgleich zu ermöglichen kann weitere Komponenten aufweisen. So kann zum Beispiel eine Membran vorgesehen sein, insbesondere eine semipermeable Membran, um gezielt Gase durchzulassen und feste oder flüssige Partikel zurückzuhalten. Eine solche Membran kann in der in den Figuren gezeigten Ausführungsform in dem Rohrstutzen 33 angebracht sein, an der Eintrittsöffnung 34 an der Rückwand 13 und/oder an einem Austritt des Rohrstutzens 33 im Bereich des Motorraums 10. Zusätzlich oder alternativ kann auch eine Vorrichtung vorgesehen werden, die die Verbindung bzw. den Durchfluss durch die Verbindung zwischen den Räumen regelt oder kontrolliert. Eine solche Vorrichtung kann in Form eines Ventils und/oder einer Düse, zum Beispiel einer Venturidüse, integriert werden. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass über die Verbindung zwischen dem Verdichterraum und dem Motorraum nicht nur ein Druckausgleich ermöglicht wird, sondern gleichzeitig der Druckausgleich gesteuert bzw. geregelt werden kann und/oder Verunreinigungen durch Flüssigkeiten oder Partikel vermieden werden können.The connection between the compressor chamber and the
Das Verdichterrad weist einen bestimmten Durchmesser D1 auf (siehe
Wie in
Wie in
Wie in
Wie oben beschrieben und in
In
Wie in
Ebenso in
Wie in
Die im Detail beschriebenen unterschiedlichen Merkmale zur Ausgestaltung und Positionierung der Eintrittsöffnung 34 und der Erhebungen 36 wurden anhand von Berechnungen, Simulationen und Versuchen ermittelt und können einzeln oder in synergetisch zusammenwirkender Kombination dazu eingesetzt werden, um zu vermeiden, dass Partikel über die Eintrittsöffnung 34 und die Verbindung in den Motorraum 10 gelangen. Entgegen der üblichen und logischen Lösung, nämlich den Motorraum 10 abzudichten, wurde erkannt, dass das Vorsehen einer Verbindung für den Druckausgleich, zum Beispiel in Form eines Rohstutzens 33, und der Erhebungen 36 im Bereich der Eintrittsöffnung 34 wesentlich einfacher und kostengünstiger ist als die vollständige Abdichtung des Motorraums mit entsprechend nötigem Druckausgleich.The various features described in detail for the design and positioning of the
- 11
- Aufladevorrichtungcharging
- 22
- Verdichtercompressor
- 33
- Verdichtergehäusecompressor housing
- 44
- Verdichterradcompressor
- 55
- Elektromotorelectric motor
- 66
- Rotorrotor
- 77
- Statorstator
- 88th
- Wellewave
- 99
- Motorgehäusemotor housing
- 1010
- Motorraumengine compartment
- 1111
- Wandwall
- 1212
- Deckelcover
- 1313
- Rückwandrear wall
- 1414
- Aufnahmeraumaccommodation space
- 1515
- LeistungselektronikschaltungPower electronics circuit
- 1616
- erstes Lagerfirst camp
- 1717
- zweites Lagersecond camp
- 1818
- Axialrichtungaxially
- 1919
- Radialrichtungradial direction
- 2020
- Umfangsrichtungcircumferentially
- 2121
- erste Dichtungfirst seal
- 2222
- zweite Dichtungsecond seal
- 2323
- erste Außenumfangsfläche (der Rückwand)first outer peripheral surface (the back wall)
- 2424
- erste Innenumfangsfläche (des Verdichtergehäuses)first inner circumferential surface (of the compressor housing)
- 2525
- erste Radialfläche (der Wand)first radial surface (the wall)
- 2626
- zweite Radialfläche (des Verdichtergehäuses)second radial surface (of the compressor housing)
- 2727
- zweite Innenumfangsfläche (der Rückwand)second inner peripheral surface (the back wall)
- 2828
- zweite Außenumfangsfläche (der Wand)second outer peripheral surface (the wall)
- 2929
- elektrischer Leiterelectrical conductor
- 3030
- dritte Dichtungthird seal
- 3131
- vierte Dichtstellefourth sealing point
- 3232
- Verstärkungsrippenreinforcing ribs
- 3333
- Verbindung/RohrstutzenCompound / pipe stub
- 3434
- Eintrittsöffnunginlet opening
- 3535
- fünfte Dichtungfifth seal
- 3636
- Erhebungensurveys
- 3737
- axial erstreckender Abschnittaxially extending section
- 3838
- O-RingeO-rings
- 3939
- Steckerplug
- 4040
- Einrichtung für Druckausgleich zwischen Aufnahmeraum und UmgebungDevice for pressure equalization between recording room and environment
- 4141
- Kragen des SteckersCollar of the plug
Claims (14)
- Supercharging device (1) for an internal combustion engine, in particular for a vehicle, wherein the supercharging device has:a compressor (2) having a compressor housing (3) and having a compressor space in which a compressor wheel (4) is arranged,an electric motor (5) having a motor housing (9) which defines a motor space (10) in which a rotor (6) and a stator (7) are arranged, anda connection (33) from the compressor space into the motor space (10) for the purposes of permitting pressure equalization between the compressor space and the motor space (10),wherein the compressor housing (3) is closed on the side facing toward the motor housing (9) by a rear wall (13), in which an inlet opening (34) of the connection (33) is arranged,characterized in thatthe rear wall (13) is situated opposite a wall (11) of the motor housing (9), wherein the rear wall (13) andthe wall (11) form a receiving space (14) in which a power electronics circuit (15) for controlling the electric motor (5) is arranged, and wherein the receiving space (14) is hermetically sealed with respect to the compressor space and the motor space (10) .
- Supercharging device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the centre of the inlet opening (34) of the connection in the rear wall (13) is spaced apart from a central point (M) of the rear wall by a distance (A1).
- Supercharging device according to Claim 2, characterized in that the compressor wheel has a diameter D1, and wherein the distance (A1) is between 0.4*(D1/2) and 0.8*(D1/2).
- Supercharging device according to any of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one elevation (36) for channelling away particles is formed, in the region of the inlet opening (34) of the connection (33), on that side of the rear wall (13) which faces toward the compressor (2).
- Supercharging device according to Claim 4, characterized in that the at least one elevation (36) extends in a circumferential direction, wherein in particular, the at least one elevation (36) is arranged over the full circumference around the inlet opening (34) .
- Supercharging device according to either of Claims 4 and 5, characterized in that at least two elevations are provided, wherein the elevations are preferably separated from one another by a depression.
- Supercharging device according to Claim 6, characterized in that a line of centres connects the centre of the inlet opening and the central point (M) of the rear wall, and wherein the depression extends along an auxiliary axis, and wherein the line of centres intersects the auxiliary axis radially outside the inlet opening (34).
- Supercharging device according to Claim 7, characterized in that in each case at least one first depression and a corresponding multiplicity of elevations (36) are provided in front of and behind the inlet opening (34) as viewed in the circumferential direction, and wherein corresponding auxiliary axes along which the first depressions extend enclose a first angle (α1, β1) respectively with the line of centres, and the auxiliary axes intersect the line of centres radially outside the inlet opening (34).
- Supercharging device according to Claim 8, characterized in that in each case at least one second depression and corresponding further elevations (36) are provided in front of and behind the first depressions as viewed in the circumferential direction, and wherein corresponding auxiliary axes of the second depressions enclose a second angle (α2, β2) respectively with the line of centres.
- Supercharging device according to Claim 9, characterized in that the first and second angles (α1, β1, α2, β2) each lie between 70° and 20°, preferably between 60° and 25°.
- Supercharging device according to Claim 9 or Claim 10, characterized in that the first angles (α1, β1) are smaller than the second angles (α2, β2), wherein in particular, the first angles (α1, β1) amount to at most 95% of the second angles (α2, β2).
- Supercharging device according to any of Claims 4 to 11, characterized in that the totality of the elevations (36) extends over a length (L) measured perpendicular to the line of centres and parallel to a plane spanned by the rear wall (13), wherein in particular, the compressor wheel has a diameter D1, and wherein the length (L) amounts to between 0.7*D1 and 0.2*D1, particularly preferably between 0.6*D1 and 0.3*D1.
- Supercharging device according to any of Claims 4 to 12, characterized in that the totality of the elevations extends over a segment angle (γ) measured with respect to the central point (M), wherein the segment angle lies between 120° and 45°, in particular between 100° and 60°.
- Supercharging device according to any of Claims 4 to 13, characterized in that radially inner edges of the elevations extend along an arc, wherein in particular, the arc has a continuously varying radius with respect to the central point (M) of the rear wall (13), and wherein the arc defines a first radius (R1) on the line of centres, and wherein the radius increases along the arc up to a second radius (R2) at the outer ends of the elevations, wherein in particular, the second radius (R2) amounts to at least 110% of the first radius (R1).
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP18197629.1A EP3447312B1 (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2015-06-05 | Loading device for a combustion engine |
EP18197621.8A EP3447311B1 (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2015-06-05 | Charging device for a combustion engine |
EP18197637.4A EP3444481B1 (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2015-06-05 | Charging device for a combustion engine |
EP18197643.2A EP3456983B1 (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2015-06-05 | Loading device for a combustion engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102014210891 | 2014-06-06 | ||
DE102014213382 | 2014-07-09 |
Related Child Applications (4)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18197629.1A Division EP3447312B1 (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2015-06-05 | Loading device for a combustion engine |
EP18197621.8A Division EP3447311B1 (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2015-06-05 | Charging device for a combustion engine |
EP18197643.2A Division EP3456983B1 (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2015-06-05 | Loading device for a combustion engine |
EP18197637.4A Division EP3444481B1 (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2015-06-05 | Charging device for a combustion engine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2952748A1 EP2952748A1 (en) | 2015-12-09 |
EP2952748B1 true EP2952748B1 (en) | 2018-10-24 |
Family
ID=53365873
Family Applications (6)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18197643.2A Active EP3456983B1 (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2015-06-05 | Loading device for a combustion engine |
EP15170770.0A Active EP2952748B1 (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2015-06-05 | Charging device for a combustion engine |
EP18197629.1A Active EP3447312B1 (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2015-06-05 | Loading device for a combustion engine |
EP18197621.8A Active EP3447311B1 (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2015-06-05 | Charging device for a combustion engine |
EP18197637.4A Active EP3444481B1 (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2015-06-05 | Charging device for a combustion engine |
EP15729714.4A Active EP3152443B1 (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2015-06-05 | Supercharging device for a combustion engine |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18197643.2A Active EP3456983B1 (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2015-06-05 | Loading device for a combustion engine |
Family Applications After (4)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18197629.1A Active EP3447312B1 (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2015-06-05 | Loading device for a combustion engine |
EP18197621.8A Active EP3447311B1 (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2015-06-05 | Charging device for a combustion engine |
EP18197637.4A Active EP3444481B1 (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2015-06-05 | Charging device for a combustion engine |
EP15729714.4A Active EP3152443B1 (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2015-06-05 | Supercharging device for a combustion engine |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10408121B2 (en) |
EP (6) | EP3456983B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6640749B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR102311542B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN106536890B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2015188028A2 (en) |
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- 2015-06-05 EP EP18197629.1A patent/EP3447312B1/en active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN106536890A (en) | 2017-03-22 |
EP3447312A1 (en) | 2019-02-27 |
EP3456983A1 (en) | 2019-03-20 |
EP3152443B1 (en) | 2020-01-01 |
EP3152443A2 (en) | 2017-04-12 |
CN106536890B (en) | 2019-10-29 |
KR20170016879A (en) | 2017-02-14 |
EP3444481A1 (en) | 2019-02-20 |
WO2015188028A9 (en) | 2017-02-09 |
EP2952748A1 (en) | 2015-12-09 |
EP3456983B1 (en) | 2020-11-11 |
US10408121B2 (en) | 2019-09-10 |
US20170152792A1 (en) | 2017-06-01 |
JP2017516950A (en) | 2017-06-22 |
EP3447311B1 (en) | 2020-09-09 |
EP3447311A1 (en) | 2019-02-27 |
EP3447312B1 (en) | 2020-09-09 |
JP6640749B2 (en) | 2020-02-05 |
KR102311542B1 (en) | 2021-10-14 |
WO2015188028A2 (en) | 2015-12-10 |
WO2015188028A3 (en) | 2016-03-17 |
EP3444481B1 (en) | 2020-09-09 |
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