EP2952659B1 - Locking mechanism - Google Patents

Description

Technical area

1. a) einen Grundkörper mit einem Verriegelungszapfen,
2. b) eine Montageanordnung mit einem Verschlusskörper, welcher den Verriegelungszapfen zum Verriegeln umgreift,
3. c) Betätigungsmittel zum Verriegeln und zum Entriegeln des Verschlusskörpers,
4. d) einen Anzugsmechanismus zum Anziehen der Tür In den Rahmen,
5. e) einen Antrieb, welcher den Anzugsmechanismus antreibt,
6. f) eine Start-Stopp-Steuereinrichtung für den Antrieb, welche mit den Betätigungsmitteln gekoppelt ist,
7. g) eine Unterbrecherschaltung für die Start-Stopp-Steuereinrichtung, welche den Antrieb im Fall eines Hindernisses stoppt.

The invention relates to a locking mechanism for a door in a frame, which is designed as a sliding door that moves in a guide

1. a) a base body with a locking pin,
2. b) a mounting arrangement with a locking body which surrounds the locking pin for locking,
3. c) actuating means for locking and unlocking the locking body,
4. d) a tightening mechanism for tightening the door into the frame,
5. e) a drive that drives the tightening mechanism,
6. f) a start-stop control device for the drive, which is coupled to the actuating means,
7. g) an interrupter circuit for the start-stop control device, which stops the drive in the event of an obstacle.

State of the art

Such locking mechanisms are often used in motor vehicles or rail vehicles. For example, sliding doors of motor vehicles are opened and closed in a guide, such as a rail system, by sliding the sliding door. To do this, the sliding door is guided out of its frame and then moved backwards or forwards in the guide, depending on the possibility. The locking mechanism locks or unlocks the sliding door in the frame for closing or opening. The locking mechanism has a hook-shaped locking body which is provided in a mounting arrangement. The mounting arrangement is usually on the sliding door. The hook-shaped locking body encompasses a locking pin in a first locking position to close the sliding door. In a second locking position, the sliding door is retracted into the frame to completely close the opening. The locking pin tightens the hook-shaped locking body using a tightening mechanism. The tightening mechanism has a corresponding drive.

From the DE 20 2012 104 810 U1 For example, a locking device for a motor vehicle sliding door is known, with a door lock that has a pre-locking position and a main locking position. A closing aid is revealed there. The closing aid is used to completely close the sliding door in one closing process, starting from a manually set door position.

The DE 102011012656 relates to a motor vehicle door lock with a lock and with a closing/opening device with at least one drive, at least one transmission element and a drive pawl, the drive working with the interposition of the respective transmission element on the drive pawl in order to open or close the lock. A closing pawl engages over a pin on a rotary latch as soon as the rotary latch has assumed a pre-closing position. As soon as the closing transmission lever starts from this pre-closing position is pivoted around its axis clockwise in accordance with the indicated direction of the arrow, the closing pawl also follows this pivoting movement. As a result of this, the rotary latch is also pivoted clockwise around the common axis. In this way, the rotary latch moves from its pre-closing position to a main closing position. The tightening process described can be interrupted during the transition. This is necessary, for example, in the event that a hand, a finger, a coat, etc. is trapped between the slowly closed motor vehicle door and the associated motor vehicle body. In order to implement this emergency interruption, an opening drive ensures that the closing pawl is ejected. For this purpose, an opening transmission lever is equipped with an actuating element. During the opening function, the actuating element ensures that the pawl is lifted off the rotary latch of the locking mechanism. The actuating element interacts to interrupt the closing function either directly with the closing pawl or via the upstream ejector lever with the relevant closing pawl. The actuating element is designed as an actuating pin, which extends vertically in comparison to the opening transmission lever.

From the DE 20 2008 015 789 a motor vehicle door lock with a closing/opening device with a drive, transmission element and drive pawl and with a locking mechanism and a stop for the locking mechanism is also known, the drive working with the interposition of the transmission element on the drive pawl in order to close the locking mechanism and/or to open it facilitate. To eject the drive pawl, an ejector unit is implemented, with the help of which the closing process can be optionally interrupted (emergency interruption). The ejector unit consists of an ejector lever and an ejector drive. If, for example, the closing process is to be aborted because the hand of a child or another operator intervenes in the remaining gap between the motor vehicle door to be closed and the body, this is detected by sensors and registered via the control unit already mentioned or separate electronics. This control unit or electronics controls the ejector drive.

The DE 10 2004 056 152 refers to a rear assembly for a motor vehicle having a tailgate pivotally hinged to the motor vehicle body. A rear end area of the motor vehicle body rests on the tailgate when closed. An adjusting drive generates an adjusting force in order to pivot the tailgate for opening and closing. A sensor device provided on a subframe, in particular in the form of a sensor strip, can cooperate for anti-pinch detection both with the adjustment drive for pivoting the tailgate and with the closing aid in order to avoid people or objects becoming trapped when closing the tailgate. The sensor device can z. B. be integrated into a panel or into a sealing area.

This type of locking mechanism is also found on folding doors of motor vehicles, such as the tailgate. There is a two-stage locking system. In the first locking stage, the locking body engages with the locking pin and in the second locking stage, the flap door is pulled completely into the frame using a tightening mechanism.

The known locking mechanisms for a door in a frame have the disadvantage that people can quickly become injured. At the moment when the tightening or closing aid automatically pulls the door into the second locking position, people can very quickly get their fingers or other body parts caught. The well-known emergency interruptions are relatively complex and therefore very error-prone. For example, if a sensor device fails, jamming can still occur.

Disclosure of the invention

The object of the invention is therefore to avoid the disadvantages of the prior art and to create a secure locking mechanism that helps avoid injuries caused by jamming on the door.

• h) die Start-Stopp-Steuereinrichtung die verbrauchte Leistung des Antriebs durch eine Schaltung abfragt und bei Überschreiten eines Schwellwerts bei der Leistungsaufnahme des Antriebs sofort mit der Unterbrecherschaltung den Antrieb stoppt
• i) ein optisches Erfassungssystem zur Erfassung eines Hindernisses und zum Signalisieren der Start-Stopp-Steuereinrichtung eines Hindernisses vorgesehen ist
• j) der Verriegelungszapfen als Exzenter ausgebildet ist.

According to the invention the object is achieved in that in a locking mechanism for a door in a frame of the type mentioned

• h) the start-stop control device queries the power used by the drive through a circuit and, if a threshold value for the power consumption of the drive is exceeded, immediately stops the drive using the interrupter circuit
• i) an optical detection system is provided for detecting an obstacle and for signaling the start-stop control device of an obstacle
• j) the locking pin is designed as an eccentric.

The invention is based on the principle of designing the locking mechanism so that it stops locking the door as soon as an obstacle comes between the door and the frame when closing. The drive of the locking mechanism, which drives the tightening mechanism, is controlled by a start-stop control device. In an emergency, the drive for the tightening mechanism can be interrupted by a signal from the start-stop control device. For this purpose, for example, a manually operated emergency stop button can be provided, which signals the emergency to the start-stop control device.

It has proven to be an advantageous embodiment of the invention if the locking pin is provided in a movable manner in the tightening mechanism of the locking mechanism according to the invention, with the drive driving the locking pin. This measure means that the door can be tightened directly via the locking pin. The tightening pin pulls Place the locking body together with the door into the frame and release it accordingly when opening.

A preferred aspect of the invention also results from the fact that the drive for the tightening mechanism is designed as an electric motor. Electric motors are particularly easy to install for such locking mechanisms, as they are commercially available in almost all suitable sizes. In addition, practically all motor vehicles have an electrical power supply, which can also be used for such electric motors.

A further advantageous embodiment of the locking mechanism according to the invention is that instead of an electric motor for the locking mechanism, the drive for the tightening mechanism is designed to be hydraulic or pneumatic. Some motor vehicles have an appropriate hydraulic or pneumatic connection that can be used to drive the tightening mechanism. Larger motor vehicles in particular, such as trucks, have such hydraulic or pneumatic connections. In this respect, these drives are a real alternative to the electric motor for the locking mechanism according to the invention in such vehicles.

A preferred embodiment of the locking mechanism according to the invention also consists in that a pressure-sensitive sensor is provided for detecting an obstacle. The pressure-sensitive sensor can, for example, be provided directly on the locking mechanism. The pressure-sensitive sensor continuously records the pressure acting on the locking pin. This pressure recorded in this way is forwarded digitally to the start-stop control device. The start-stop control device evaluates the signal of the applied pressure. If the tightening mechanism falls below or exceeds a certain target value, then this is considered an obstacle between the door and the frame. The drive is then stopped by the start-stop control device in the event of an obstacle. The pressure sensor can also be like this, for example can be used so that the start-stop device interrupts the closing process if the pressure sensor does not deliver a signal to the start-stop device within a predetermined time interval. For this purpose, the pressure sensor is arranged, for example, between the door and the frame. In the simplest case, the pressure sensor is a pressure-sensitive switch that is then attached between the frame and the door. If the specified time expires without the pressure sensor generating a signal, the start-stop device interprets this as a malfunction and interrupts the drive for the tightening mechanism.

In combination or alternatively, an optical detection system for detecting an obstacle can preferably also be provided in a locking mechanism according to the invention. An optical detection system here means, for example, a camera system that detects obstacles when the door is closed. Light barriers, for example, also fall under such an optical detection system. These optical detection systems are able to detect obstacles that unexpectedly get between the door and the frame during the closing process. The optical detection systems then signal an obstacle to the start-stop control device. The start-stop control device evaluates the signal and stops the drive of the tightening mechanism.

A special embodiment of the locking mechanism according to the invention for a door in a frame is that the locking pin is designed as an eccentric. The eccentric is rotatably mounted in the base body. The drive is connected to the eccentric. By rotating the locking pin, it rotates relatively about an axis of rotation. This makes it possible to move the hook-shaped locking body, which surrounds the locking pin. By choosing a suitable direction of rotation, the locking body is tightened so that the door can close completely.

In a special variant of the locking mechanism according to the invention, the locking body is preloaded with a spring. This creates the closure body always returned to a starting position and can therefore firmly grip the locking pin. The spring acts on the locking body in such a way that it is pressed against the locking pin. The locking body can no longer be released from the locking pin without applying force. The locking body can only be removed from the locking pin by applying force against the spring. This is done, for example, when opening by suitable actuating means which release the locking of the locking mechanism.

A further advantageous embodiment of the locking mechanism according to the invention is that a locking mechanism with two locking stages, namely locking and tightening, is provided. Here, in a first locking stage, the locking body engages around the locking pin before, in a second locking stage, the door is pulled completely into the frame and locks into place.

The door is preferably designed as a sliding door that moves in a guide. In addition to conventional folding doors, which rotate around hinges, the sliding door is also suitable for such a locking mechanism according to the invention. The sliding door moves in a guide. The guide of the sliding door is designed in such a way that it guides the locking body to the locking pin when it is closed. The guidance of the sliding door can be designed, for example, as a rail system.

In a preferred variant of the locking mechanism according to the invention, the door is provided in the frame of a special vehicle, in particular an ambulance, or its box body. The problem with ambulances is that the doors close with noise. The patients are significantly affected by vibrations and noise. The locking system according to the invention allows the doors to be closed quietly and without vibrations.

Further refinements and advantages result from the subject matter of the subclaims, as well as the drawings with the associated descriptions. An exemplary embodiment is explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The invention described here should not be limited solely to the exemplary embodiment shown. The invention should in particular also extend to all those embodiments that are obvious to a person skilled in the art using future techniques.

Short description of the drawing

Fig. 1

shows a perspective view of a locking mechanism according to the invention with a base body and an open mounting arrangement for a motor vehicle.

Fig. 2

shows the perspective view of the opened base body according to Figure 1 .

Fig. 3

shows a perspective view of a section of a mounted locking mechanism accordingly Figure 1 or. Figure 2 .

Fig. 4

shows a flap door with a locking mechanism according to the invention in a detail.

Fig. 5

shows a sliding door with two locking mechanisms according to the invention.

Fig. 6

shows the base body of the locking mechanism in a perspective view.

Preferred embodiment

Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a locking mechanism 10 with a base body 12 and an opened mounting arrangement 14 for a motor vehicle. The mounting arrangement 14 is attached to a door 16. The base body 12 is arranged on a frame 18 of the motor vehicle. The motor vehicle is designed as an ambulance 20.

The base body 12 has a housing 22 with a housing shell 24. A locking pin 28 protrudes from a housing opening 26. A hook-shaped locking body 30 surrounds the locking pin 28 for locking. The hook-shaped locking body 30 is mounted in the mounting arrangement 14 so that it can rotate about an axis. This mobility means that the hook-shaped closure body 30 can grip around the locking pin 28 for locking and can be removed accordingly by the rotary movement for opening. The closure body 30 is brought into a locking or opening position by actuating means 32 - as required. The actuating means 32 usually consist of a mechanical lever arrangement 34, which is provided in the mounting arrangement 14. The closure body 30 is designed to be spring-loaded in the mounting arrangement 14, so that it is always returned to a preferred position. A clamping and guide element 36, which is also spring-loaded, fixes the hook-shaped closure body 30 on the locking pin 28. By suitable control, the locking pin 28 rotates eccentrically about a rotation axis 38. The locking pin 28 and the closure body 30 are components of a tightening mechanism 40.

Fig. 2 shows the perspective view of the base body 12 with the housing shell 24 removed. That's it Figures 1 and 2 correspond, corresponding reference numbers are used for the same components. A start-stop control device 42 controls a drive 44. The drive 44 is designed as an electric motor 46. The start-stop control device 42 is used Electric motor 46 is supplied with electrical voltage for operation. The start-stop control device 42 in turn receives its power supply from the usual power supply of a motor vehicle.

The electric motor 46 also has a drive shaft 48, which acts directly on the locking pin 28. The locking pin 28 is designed as an eccentric 50. By suitable rotation of the locking pin 28 - driven by the electric motor 46 via the drive shaft 48 - the closure body 30 with the door 16 is pulled into the frame 18. The drive 44 is stopped in the position of the door 16 in the frame 18.

The start-stop control device 42 is controlled via a switch 52, which is coupled to the actuating means 32. The switch 52 signals the start-stop control device 42 as to whether the closure body 30 should be tightened. The power consumed by the electric motor 46 is queried at any time by switching the start-stop control device 42. If there is an obstacle, such as a hand, between the door 16 and the frame 18 when tightening, the electrical power consumed by the electric motor 46 increases continuously. If a threshold value for power consumption is exceeded, the electric motor 46 is stopped immediately by interrupting the voltage. For this purpose, the start-stop control device 42 contains an interrupter circuit 53, which causes the drive 44 to stop immediately.

In addition to the switch 52, the start-stop control device 42 can also be controlled by a pressure sensor 54. In the present exemplary embodiment, the pressure sensor 54 is provided on the closure body 30 (see Fig. 1 ). The pressure detected in this way is transmitted to the start-stop control device 42 and evaluated by it. The start-stop control direction 42 can also be designed to be microprocessor-controlled. There is also the possibility of networking the start-stop device 42 with other electrical devices (not shown here). Networking can be done using electrical or optical conductors, but also wirelessly. As soon as the If the measured pressure rises above a threshold value because there is an obstacle between the door 16 and the frame 18, the start-stop control device 42 switches the drive 44 off immediately. In the simplest case, however, the pressure sensor 54 is designed as a pressure-sensitive switch. The pressure-sensitive switch interrupts the power supply for the drive 44 at a certain pressure.

Fig. 3 shows a perspective view of a section of the assembled locking mechanism 10 accordingly Figure 1 or. Figure 2 . As far as this illustration corresponds to the previous figures, the same reference numbers are also used here. The locking mechanism 10 is in a locked position. The base body 12 mounted on the frame 18 is closed with the mounting arrangement 14 provided on the door 16. The hook-shaped closure body 30 surrounds the locking pin 28, which has pulled the door 16 into the frame 18. In this exemplary embodiment, an optical detection system 56 is used, which controls the start-stop control device 42 to interrupt the drive 44 if an unforeseen obstacle comes between the door 16 and the frame 18. The optical detection system 56 is designed here as an example as a light barrier 58. The light barrier 58 is formed by a light source 60, at least one reflector 62 and a photo element 64. The light barrier 58 is coupled to the start-stop control 42. If the light barrier 58 is interrupted by the obstacle, the start-stop control device 42 immediately interrupts the drive 44 of the tightening mechanism 40 and prevents it from being completely tightened.

Fig. 4 shows the door 16 designed as a folding door. The door 16 is tightened into the frame 18 via the locking mechanism 10. To the extent that the components in this illustration correspond to the previously described figures, corresponding reference symbols are also used. When locking the door 16, the locking mechanism 10 engages in two locking stages. In the first locking stage, the hook-shaped closure body 30 surrounds the locking pin 28. The spring-loaded clamping and guide element 36 fixes the closure body 30 on the Locking pin 28. The locking body 30 with the door 16 is then pulled into the frame 18. Then the locking mechanism 10 engages in a second locking stage, as shown in this figure.

Fig. 5 shows the door 16 designed as a sliding door 66. The sliding door 66 is locked with two locking mechanisms 10. The two locking mechanisms 10 are networked with one another via the start-stop device 42, in particular to synchronize the tightening process and, if necessary, to stop or start both drives 44 at the same time. To the extent that this illustration corresponds to the previous figures, the same reference numbers are used. The sliding door 66 is guided in guides 68 to open. The guides 68 are designed as rails in the present exemplary embodiment. The sliding door 66 has a roller system 70, which can move in the guides 68. The actuating means 32 for opening or closing the sliding door 66 are arranged in the middle. A camera 72 is provided as the optical detection system 56 in the present exemplary embodiment. The camera 72 has a suitable image evaluation device for this purpose. The camera 72 detects objects or body parts that unexpectedly get between the sliding door 66 and the frame 18 during the suit or are already between them. In this case, the camera signals the start-stop control device 42 that the drive 44 must be stopped immediately.

In Fig. 6 A two-part base body 12 is shown in a perspective exploded drawing. The base body 12 consists of a drive part 74 and a guide part 76. As far as this illustration corresponds to the previous figures, the same reference numerals are therefore used here too. The drive 44 is provided in the base body 12 and drives the eccentric 50 with its drive shaft. The drive 44 is provided as an electric motor 46. The locking pin 28 is also arranged eccentrically on the eccentric 50. The locking pin 28 is mounted on a bearing pin 78 of the eccentric 50. For this purpose, the locking pin 28 has a bearing hole on its underside, which is not visible here. The locking pin 28 is in the - here elongated - Housing opening 26 guided. By rotating the eccentric 50, the locking pin 28 then moves within the elongated housing opening 26 and can thus pull the closure body 28 into the frame 18.

Reference symbol list

10

Locking mechanism

12

Basic body

14

Mounting arrangement

16

door

18

Frame

20

ambulance

22

Housing

24

Housing shell

26

Case opening

28

Locking pin

30

Closure body

32

Actuating means

34

Lever arrangement

36

Clamping and guiding element

38

Axis of rotation of the locking pin

40

tightening mechanism

42

Start-stop control device

44

drive

46

Electric motor

48

drive shaft

50

eccentric

52

Switch

53

Breaker circuit

54

Pressure sensor

56

Optical detection system

58

Photoelectric barrier

60

light source

62

reflector

64

Photo element

66

sliding door

68

guides

70

Roller system

72

camera

74

Drive part

76

leadership part

78

bearing pin

Claims (8)

1. Locking mechanism (10) for a door (16) in a frame (18), which is formed as a sliding door (66) moving in a guide (68), comprising:

   a) a base body (12) with a locking pin (28),

   b) a mounting arrangement (14) with a locking body (30) which engages around the locking pin (28) for locking,

   c) actuating means (32) for locking and for unlocking the locking body (30),

   d) a tightening mechanism (40) for tightening the door (16) into the frame (18),

   e) a drive (44) which drives the tightening mechanism (40),

   f) a start-stop control device (42) for the drive (44), which is coupled to the actuating means (32),

   g) an interrupter circuit (53) provided for the start-stop control device (42), which stops the drive (44) in the event of an obstacle,
   characterized in that,

   h) the start-stop control device (42) interrogates the consumed power of the drive (44) by means of a circuit and, if a threshold value is exceeded in the power consumption of the drive (44), immediately stops the drive (44) by means of the interrupter circuit (53), and

   i) an optical detection system (56) is provided for detecting an obstacle and signaling the start-stop control device of an obstacle, and

   j) the locking pin (28) is formed as an eccentric (50).
2. Locking mechanism (10) for a door (16) in a frame (18) according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking pin (28) is movably provided in the tightening mechanism (40), wherein the drive (44) drives the locking pin (28).
3. Locking mechanism (10) for a door (16) in a frame (18) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the drive (44) for the tightening mechanism (40) is configured as an electric motor (46).
4. Locking mechanism (10) for a door (16) in a frame (18) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the drive (44) for the tightening mechanism (40) is designed hydraulically or pneumatically.
5. Locking mechanism (10) for a door (16) in a frame (18) according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a pressure-sensitive sensor (54) is provided for detecting an obstacle.
6. Locking mechanism (10) for a door (16) in a frame (18) according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the locking body (30) is preloaded with a spring.
7. Locking mechanism (10) for a door (16) in a frame (18) according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a latching mechanism with two latching positions, namely locking and tightening, is provided.
8. Locking mechanism (10) for a door (16) in a frame (18) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized In that the door (16) is provided in the frame (18) of a special vehicle, particularly an ambulance (20), or its box body.

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