EP2949438A1 - Plant mill for producing gauged particles - Google Patents

Plant mill for producing gauged particles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2949438A1
EP2949438A1 EP15167440.5A EP15167440A EP2949438A1 EP 2949438 A1 EP2949438 A1 EP 2949438A1 EP 15167440 A EP15167440 A EP 15167440A EP 2949438 A1 EP2949438 A1 EP 2949438A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
particles
disc
knives
knife
grid
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EP15167440.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2949438B1 (en
Inventor
Michel Bugnot
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
    • B27L11/02—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor of wood shavings or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
    • B27L11/005—Tools therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for reducing branches of chips, chips or particles whose dimensional qualities are acceptable for fuel use (domestic or industrial boilers).
  • the present invention is an improvement of this state of the art so as to reduce this production of fine particles.
  • the front blank of the disc forms the support of the material to be treated and from which the first knives project in the direction of the inlet opening of the housing.
  • this blank is scalloped from a pocket for collecting formed particles whose peripheral opening faces the grid.
  • This disk structure can channel the trajectory of most of the chips or particles subjected to centrifugal force and have just been detached in the direction of the grid, so to constrain the particles to cross the grid.
  • the mill of the invention shown in the figures therefore comprises a casing 1 formed of a front wall 2, a rear wall or bottom 3 and a substantially cylindrical side or peripheral wall 4.
  • the front wall has a fixed lower portion 2a, and an opening panel 2b.
  • the latter is provided with an opening 5.
  • the opening panel When the opening panel is folded down on the fixed part, the opening 5 is completed by a lower edge and a lateral edge, one equipped with a fixed blade or against the blade. substantially horizontal and the other of a fixed blade or cons-blade 7 substantially vertical.
  • this opening 5 is introduced the end of the branch to reduce chips.
  • This introduction is carried out by means of a charging hopper 8 (partially shown) which can be motorized in a known manner. Under the cutting force, this branch tends to wedge in the angle formed by the two against-blades.
  • the bottom wall 3 of the housing is traversed by a shaft drive shaft 9 and a bearing is provided for this purpose.
  • the side wall 4 of the housing has an outlet opening 10 located in such a way that the conduit 11 which extends it forms a tube which escapes from the housing tangentially to the wall 4 of the latter.
  • a disc 12 is rotatably mounted in the direction of the arrow A of the figures, wedged on the axis shaft 9. The diameter of this disc is smaller than that inside the lateral wall 4 of the carter for the reasons that will be explained below.
  • the disc 12 comprises a rear flank 13, a front blank 14, of smaller diameter than the rear flank, the two blanks being connected by a peripheral belt 15 indented at two diametrically opposite locations 16a and 16b (see FIG. figure 2 ).
  • the width of this belt 15 is such that it is overflowing on the front face of the blank 14.
  • the front blank has two cutouts 17 and 18 which leave the rear blank uncovered.
  • the disk carries knives 19 in the form of plates reported on this disk by screws to front access. The knives extend along a substantially spiral curve from the vicinity of the center of the blank 14 of the disk to the periphery thereof.
  • the disc 12 thus has, in the illustrated case, two lines of knives 19. At the end of each of these lines, the disc 12 has another knife 20, also in the form of an insert plate, whose attachment to the disc is achieved by radial access screws.
  • the cylindrical surface swept by the cutting edge of these plates 20 is of intermediate diameter between the diameter of the rear blank 13 and the diameter of the front blank 14. In addition, this diameter is greater than that of the belt 15.
  • the axial dimension of this knife 20 is substantially equal to the distance separating the two blanks 13, 14 of the disk, increased by the projection of the first knives 19 on the front blank, so is equal to the width of the belt 15.
  • each plate 19 relative to the front face of the front blank 14, defines the axial dimension (in the direction of the axis 9) of the chipping chamber (nibbling) of the product introduced into the apparatus.
  • the cutouts 17 and 18 are therefore equipped with knives 19 on their rear edge. The outline of these cuts is connected by the support of the knives and by appropriate partitions to the blank 13 of the disc, so that in the thickness of the disk, it is formed pockets for collecting chips or particles from the cut by the knives 19. The centrifugal force tends to propel these particles towards the notches 16a and 16b of the wall belt 15.
  • the shredding chamber which also comprises these two pockets, is delimited at the periphery, inside the cylindrical wall 4, by a grid 21 integral with the inner face of the rear blank 13 of the disk 12.
  • the chips contained in the chipping chamber fill the pockets and, under the effect of the centrifugal force, penetrate into the annular space between the belt 15 and the grid 21.
  • the inner face of the opening panel 2b of the front wall 2 has protuberances 22, here three in number, which are presented as fixed plates perpendicular to this face whose dimensions are such that they are housed in the aforementioned annular space between the grid 21 and the peripheral knives 20 when the panel 2b is folded back to the service position.
  • These plates 22 behave as fixed blades that cut the particles between the inner periphery of the grid knives 20 and this, at the location and in front of the passage pockets 17 and 18 and the notches 16a and 16b in front of the opening of 10.
  • the particles that can then escape through this opening are those that are calibrated by the dimensions of the mesh of the grid and the width of the annular space swept by the fixed blades 22. It has been found that the means of the invention allow better calibration with less energy expenditure.
  • the disc 12 is equipped, at the rear of its blank 13, with a series of ventilation fins 13a which form a drive blower. particles that reach the evacuation conduit 11.
  • the grid 21 is removably attached to the disc 12 so that the user can remove it. He then has an ordinary mill that he can use for the sole purpose of a reduction of a plant material without calibration constraints. The mill of the invention can thus be used more cost-effectively.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)

Abstract

Broyeur de végétaux comportant un disque plein (12) logé à rotation dans le carter, et pourvu d'au moins une série de couteaux (19,20) comprenant des premiers couteaux (19) en relief sur la face du disque (12) et au moins un deuxième couteau (20) de reprise fixé au voisinage de la périphérie du disque (12). Le disque (12) comporte, à l'extérieur du deuxième couteau (20) et dans une chambre de déchiquetage, une grille (21) dont la maille crible les particules, cette grille (21) étant écartée vers l'extérieur du couteau de reprise (20) de manière à définir entre eux un espace dans lequel pénètre au moins un doigt fixe (22) porté par la paroi frontale (2) pour former une lame fixe croisée par le bord intérieur des mailles de la grille (21) et par le couteau (20) de reprise avant son passage devant l'ouverture (10) de sortie des particules.

Figure imgaf001
Plant grinder comprising a solid disc (12) rotatably housed in the housing, and provided with at least one set of knives (19,20) comprising first knives (19) in relief on the face of the disc (12) and at least one second recovery knife (20) fixed in the vicinity of the periphery of the disc (12). The disk (12) comprises, outside the second knife (20) and in a shredding chamber, a grid (21) whose mesh screens the particles, this grid (21) being spaced outwardly of the knife. resumption (20) so as to define between them a space in which at least one fixed finger (22) carried by the front wall (2) penetrates to form a fixed blade crossed by the inner edge of the mesh of the grid (21) and by the knife (20) of recovery before its passage in front of the opening (10) of the particles.
Figure imgaf001

Description

La présente invention concerne un appareil pour réduire des branches en copeaux, plaquettes ou particules dont les qualités dimensionnelles sont acceptables pour un usage de combustible (chaudières domestiques ou industrielles).The present invention relates to an apparatus for reducing branches of chips, chips or particles whose dimensional qualities are acceptable for fuel use (domestic or industrial boilers).

ARRIERE PLAN DE L'INVENTIONBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

L'état de la technique dans ce domaine est constitué par deux types de matériels :

  • les appareils à tambour destinés à la découpe ou au déchiquetage des branches de diamètre important, typiquement supérieur à 350 millimètres, (voir WO 9413442 par exemple),
  • les appareils à disque pour traiter les branches de diamètre plus petit. Les particules issues de ces machines sont de taille variable, surtout pour ce qui concerne les machines à disque. Dans ce dernier cas, l'état de la technique le plus proche est constitué par le document FR 2.946.913 . Ce document décrit un appareil qui comporte, dans un carter avec une ouverture frontale bordée d'une lame fixe, un disque plein logé à rotation dans le carter, divisant l'espace intérieur de ce dernier en une chambre de déchiquetage du côté de l'ouverture et une chambre de soufflerie du côté de la paroi de fond. Ce disque est porteur de couteaux en relief sur la face du disque qui croisent la lame fixe lors de la rotation du disque. Autour de ce disque de couteaux, il existe une grille fixe de calibrage traversée par les particules de bois de petites dimensions et dans les mailles de laquelle se logent les particules de bois de plus grandes dimensions, retenues par une sorte de plaque de calibrage qui tourne avec le disque et qui permet à un couteau périphérique de ce dernier de réduire la taille de ces particules trop grandes.
The state of the art in this field consists of two types of equipment:
  • drum machines intended for cutting or shredding branches of large diameter, typically greater than 350 millimeters, (see WO 9413442 for example),
  • disc machines to treat branches of smaller diameter. The particles from these machines are of variable size, especially with regard to disk machines. In the latter case, the closest state of the art is the document FR 2,946,913 . This document describes an apparatus which comprises, in a casing with a front opening bordered by a fixed blade, a solid disc rotatably housed in the casing, dividing the internal space of the latter into a shredding chamber on the side of the casing. opening and a blower chamber on the side of the bottom wall. This disc carries knives in relief on the face of the disc which cross the fixed blade during the rotation of the disc. Around this blade of knives, there is a fixed grid of calibration crossed by the particles of small wood and in the meshes of which are lodged the particles of wood of larger dimensions, retained by a sort of calibration plate which turns with the disc and that allows a peripheral knife of the latter to reduce the size of these too large particles.

On s'est rendu compte à l'usage que la production de particules calibrées avec cet appareil s'accompagne de la production d'une sciure fine et en quantité importante qui diminue le rendement de la production de copeaux calibrés et qui exige un entretien fréquent et minutieux de l'appareil.It has been realized that the production of particles calibrated with this device is accompanied by the production of a fine sawdust in large quantity which reduces the output of the production of calibrated chips and which requires a frequent and careful maintenance of the apparatus.

La présente invention est une amélioration de cet état de la technique de manière à réduire cette production de particules fines.The present invention is an improvement of this state of the art so as to reduce this production of fine particles.

OBJET DE L'INVENTIONOBJECT OF THE INVENTION

A cet effet, l'invention a donc pour objet un broyeur de végétaux pour la production de plaquettes ou particules de bois calibrées, comportant :

  • un carter fermé par une paroi frontale, une paroi de fond et une paroi latérale sensiblement cylindrique, avec, dans la paroi frontale une ouverture d'entrée du bois à traiter bordée d'au moins une lame fixe et, dans la paroi latérale, une ouverture de sortie des plaquettes ou particules,
  • un disque plein logé à rotation dans le carter autour d'un axe sensiblement perpendiculaire aux parois frontale et de fond du carter, divisant l'espace intérieur de ce dernier en une chambre de déchiquetage du côté de la paroi frontale et une chambre de soufflerie du côté de la paroi de fond,
  • au moins une série de couteaux comprenant des premiers couteaux en relief sur la face du disque tournée vers la paroi frontale de manière que ces couteaux croisent la lame fixe lors de la rotation du disque et au moins un deuxième couteau de reprise fixé au voisinage de la périphérie du disque pour balayer une surface cylindrique centrée sur l'axe de rotation du disque,
caractérisé en ce que le disque comporte, à l'extérieur du deuxième couteau de reprise et dans la chambre de déchiquetage, une grille dont la maille crible les particules, cette grille étant écartée vers l'extérieur du couteau de reprise de manière à définir entre eux un espace dans lequel pénètre au moins un doigt fixe, porté par la paroi frontale, pour former une lame fixe croisée par le bord intérieur des mailles de la grille et par le couteau de reprise au voisinage de son passage devant l'ouverture de sortie des plaquettes ou particules.For this purpose, the subject of the invention is therefore a plant crusher for the production of calibrated wood chips or particles, comprising:
  • a housing closed by a front wall, a bottom wall and a substantially cylindrical side wall, with, in the front wall, an entrance opening of the wood to be treated bordered by at least one fixed blade and, in the side wall, a exit opening of platelets or particles,
  • a solid disc rotatably housed in the housing about an axis substantially perpendicular to the front and bottom walls of the housing, dividing the interior space of the latter into a shredding chamber on the side of the front wall and a blower chamber of the side of the bottom wall,
  • at least one set of knives comprising first knives in relief on the face of the disk facing the front wall so that these knives cross the fixed blade during the rotation of the disk and at least a second knife recovery fixed in the vicinity of the periphery of the disk for scanning a cylindrical surface centered on the axis of rotation of the disk,
characterized in that the disk comprises, outside the second recovery knife and in the chipping chamber, a grid whose mesh screens the particles, this grid being spread towards the outside of the recovery knife so as to define between them a space in which at least one fixed finger, carried by the front wall, to form a fixed blade crossed by the inner edge of the mesh of the grid and the knife of resumed in the vicinity of its passage in front of the outlet opening of platelets or particles.

La présente invention comporte certaines des caractéristiques additionnelles telles que déjà décrites dans l'état de la technique. C'est ainsi que le flan avant du disque forme l'appui du matériau à traiter et duquel les premiers couteaux font saillie en direction de l'ouverture d'entrée du carter. En avant des premiers couteaux dans le sens de rotation du disque, ce flan est échancré d'une poche de recueil des particules formées dont l'ouverture périphérique fait face à la grille. Cette structure du disque permet de canaliser la trajectoire de l'essentiel des copeaux ou particules soumis à la force centrifuge et qui viennent d'être détachés, dans la direction de la grille, donc de contraindre les particules à traverser la grille.The present invention includes some of the additional features as already described in the state of the art. Thus, the front blank of the disc forms the support of the material to be treated and from which the first knives project in the direction of the inlet opening of the housing. In front of the first knives in the direction of rotation of the disk, this blank is scalloped from a pocket for collecting formed particles whose peripheral opening faces the grid. This disk structure can channel the trajectory of most of the chips or particles subjected to centrifugal force and have just been detached in the direction of the grid, so to constrain the particles to cross the grid.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description donnée ci-après d'un exemple de réalisation.Other features and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description given below of an exemplary embodiment.

BREVE DESCRIPTION DES DESSINSBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Il sera fait référence aux dessins annexés qui représentent

  • par la figure 1, une vue extérieure du côté frontal de l'appareil selon l'invention dont un panneau de la paroi frontale est ouvert,
  • par la figure 2 une vue du disque mis en oeuvre dans l'appareil de l'invention
Reference will be made to the accompanying drawings which represent
  • over there figure 1 an external view of the front side of the apparatus according to the invention, a panel of the front wall is open,
  • over there figure 2 a view of the disk implemented in the apparatus of the invention

DESCRIPTION DETAILLEE DE L'INVENTIONDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Le broyeur de l'invention représenté aux figures comporte donc un carter 1 formé d'une paroi frontale 2, d'une paroi arrière ou de fond 3 et une paroi latérale ou périphérique 4 sensiblement cylindrique.The mill of the invention shown in the figures therefore comprises a casing 1 formed of a front wall 2, a rear wall or bottom 3 and a substantially cylindrical side or peripheral wall 4.

La paroi frontale comporte une partie inférieure fixe 2a, et un panneau ouvrant 2b. Ce dernier est pourvu d'une ouverture 5. Lorsque le panneau ouvrant est rabattu sur la partie fixe, l'ouverture 5 est complétée par un bord inférieur et un bord latéral, l'un équipé d'une lame fixe ou contre-lame 6 sensiblement horizontale et l'autre d'une lame fixe ou contre-lame 7 sensiblement verticale.The front wall has a fixed lower portion 2a, and an opening panel 2b. The latter is provided with an opening 5. When the opening panel is folded down on the fixed part, the opening 5 is completed by a lower edge and a lateral edge, one equipped with a fixed blade or against the blade. substantially horizontal and the other of a fixed blade or cons-blade 7 substantially vertical.

Par cette ouverture 5 on introduit l'extrémité de la branche à réduire en copeaux. Cette introduction est réalisée par l'intermédiaire d'une trémie d'enfournement 8 (partiellement représentée) qui peut être motorisée de manière connue. Sous l'effort de coupe, cette branche a tendance à se caler dans l'angle que forment les deux contre-lames. La paroi de fond 3 du carter est traversée par un arbre d'entraînement d'axe 9 et un palier est prévu à cet effet. La paroi latérale 4 du carter possède une ouverture de sortie 10 située de manière telle que le conduit 11 qui la prolonge forme un tube qui s'échappe du carter tangentiellement à la paroi 4 de ce dernier. A l'intérieur de ce carter, un disque 12 est monté tournant dans le sens de la flèche A des figures, calé sur l'arbre d'axe 9. Le diamètre de ce disque est inférieur à celui intérieur de la paroi 4 latérale du carter pour les raisons qui seront exposées ci-après.Through this opening 5 is introduced the end of the branch to reduce chips. This introduction is carried out by means of a charging hopper 8 (partially shown) which can be motorized in a known manner. Under the cutting force, this branch tends to wedge in the angle formed by the two against-blades. The bottom wall 3 of the housing is traversed by a shaft drive shaft 9 and a bearing is provided for this purpose. The side wall 4 of the housing has an outlet opening 10 located in such a way that the conduit 11 which extends it forms a tube which escapes from the housing tangentially to the wall 4 of the latter. Inside this casing, a disc 12 is rotatably mounted in the direction of the arrow A of the figures, wedged on the axis shaft 9. The diameter of this disc is smaller than that inside the lateral wall 4 of the carter for the reasons that will be explained below.

Le disque 12 comporte un flan arrière 13, un flan avant 14, de diamètre inférieur à celui du flan arrière, les deux flans étant reliés par une ceinture périphérique 15 échancrée en deux endroits diamétralement opposés 16a et 16b (voir figure 2). La largeur de cette ceinture 15 est telle qu'elle est en débord sur la face avant du flan 14. Le flan avant possède deux découpes 17 et 18 qui laissent découvert le flan arrière. Au bord arrière de chacune d'elles, dans le sens A de rotation du disque, le disque porte des couteaux 19 en forme de plaquettes rapportées sur ce disque par des vis à accès frontal. Les couteaux s'étendent le long d'une courbe sensiblement en spirale depuis le voisinage du centre du flan 14 du disque jusqu'à la périphérie de ce dernier. Le plan balayé par ces couteaux, en avant de la face avant du flan 14 d'une valeur sensiblement égale à l'épaisseur en saillie des plaquettes de coupe 19 et du débord de la ceinture 15 par rapport à cette face, est immédiatement derrière le plan qui contient le bord arrière des contre-lames 6 et 7.The disc 12 comprises a rear flank 13, a front blank 14, of smaller diameter than the rear flank, the two blanks being connected by a peripheral belt 15 indented at two diametrically opposite locations 16a and 16b (see FIG. figure 2 ). The width of this belt 15 is such that it is overflowing on the front face of the blank 14. The front blank has two cutouts 17 and 18 which leave the rear blank uncovered. At the rear edge of each of them, in the direction A of rotation of the disc, the disk carries knives 19 in the form of plates reported on this disk by screws to front access. The knives extend along a substantially spiral curve from the vicinity of the center of the blank 14 of the disk to the periphery thereof. The plane swept by these knives, in front of the front face of the blank 14 of a value substantially equal to the projecting thickness of the cutting inserts 19 and the edge of the belt 15 relative to this face, is immediately behind the plane that contains the back edge of the counter-blades 6 and 7.

On comprend que le bois introduit dans l'ouverture 5 (fenêtre) est grignoté (déchiqueté) à chaque passage d'une ligne de couteaux 19.It is understood that the wood introduced into the opening 5 (window) is nibbled (shredded) at each passage of a line of knives 19.

Le disque 12 possède donc, dans le cas illustré, deux lignes de couteaux 19. A l'extrémité de chacune de ces lignes, le disque 12 possède un autre couteau 20, également en forme de plaquette rapportée, dont la fixation sur le disque est réalisée par des vis d'accès radial. La surface cylindrique balayée par l'arrête de coupe de ces plaquettes 20 est de diamètre intermédiaire entre le diamètre du flan arrière 13 et le diamètre du flan avant 14. En outre, ce diamètre est supérieur à celui de la ceinture 15. La dimension axiale de ce couteau 20 est sensiblement égale à la distance séparant les deux flans 13, 14 du disque, augmentée de la saillie des premiers couteaux 19 sur le flan avant, donc est égale à la largeur de la ceinture 15. La saillie de chaque plaquette 19 par rapport à la face avant du flan avant 14, définit la dimension axiale (dans la direction de l'axe 9) de la chambre de déchiquetage (grignotage) du produit introduit dans l'appareil. Les découpes 17 et 18 sont donc équipées des couteaux 19 sur leur bord arrière. Le contour de ces découpes est relié par le support des couteaux et par des cloisons appropriées au flan 13 du disque, si bien que dans l'épaisseur du disque, il est formé des poches de recueil des copeaux ou particules issus de la coupe par les couteaux 19. La force centrifuge tend à propulser ces particules en direction des échancrures 16a et 16b de la paroi ceinture 15.The disc 12 thus has, in the illustrated case, two lines of knives 19. At the end of each of these lines, the disc 12 has another knife 20, also in the form of an insert plate, whose attachment to the disc is achieved by radial access screws. The cylindrical surface swept by the cutting edge of these plates 20 is of intermediate diameter between the diameter of the rear blank 13 and the diameter of the front blank 14. In addition, this diameter is greater than that of the belt 15. The axial dimension of this knife 20 is substantially equal to the distance separating the two blanks 13, 14 of the disk, increased by the projection of the first knives 19 on the front blank, so is equal to the width of the belt 15. The projection of each plate 19 relative to the front face of the front blank 14, defines the axial dimension (in the direction of the axis 9) of the chipping chamber (nibbling) of the product introduced into the apparatus. The cutouts 17 and 18 are therefore equipped with knives 19 on their rear edge. The outline of these cuts is connected by the support of the knives and by appropriate partitions to the blank 13 of the disc, so that in the thickness of the disk, it is formed pockets for collecting chips or particles from the cut by the knives 19. The centrifugal force tends to propel these particles towards the notches 16a and 16b of the wall belt 15.

La chambre de déchiquetage, qui comprend aussi ces deux poches, est délimitée en périphérie, à l'intérieur de la paroi 4 cylindrique, par une grille 21 solidaire de face intérieure du flan 13 arrière du disque 12.The shredding chamber, which also comprises these two pockets, is delimited at the periphery, inside the cylindrical wall 4, by a grid 21 integral with the inner face of the rear blank 13 of the disk 12.

Les copeaux contenus dans la chambre de déchiquetage remplissent les poches et, sous l'effet de la force centrifuge, pénètrent dans l'espace annulaire entre la ceinture 15 et la grille 21.The chips contained in the chipping chamber fill the pockets and, under the effect of the centrifugal force, penetrate into the annular space between the belt 15 and the grid 21.

La face intérieure du panneau ouvrant 2b de la paroi frontale 2 possède des protubérances 22, ici au nombre de trois, qui se présentent comme des plaquettes fixes perpendiculaires à cette face dont les dimensions sont telles qu'elles se logent dans l'espace annulaire susdit, entre la grille 21 et les couteaux périphériques 20 lorsque le panneau 2b est rabattu en position de service. Ces plaquettes 22 se comportent comme des lames fixes qui sectionnent les particules entre la périphérie interne la grille les couteaux 20 et ce, à l'endroit et en avant du passage des poches 17 et 18 et des échancrures 16a et 16b devant l'ouverture de sortie 10. Les particules qui peuvent alors s'échapper par cette ouverture sont celles qui sont calibrées par les dimensions de la maille de la grille et par la largeur de l'espace annulaire balayé par les lames fixes 22. On a constaté que les moyens de l'invention permettent un meilleur calibrage avec une dépense d'énergie moindre.The inner face of the opening panel 2b of the front wall 2 has protuberances 22, here three in number, which are presented as fixed plates perpendicular to this face whose dimensions are such that they are housed in the aforementioned annular space between the grid 21 and the peripheral knives 20 when the panel 2b is folded back to the service position. These plates 22 behave as fixed blades that cut the particles between the inner periphery of the grid knives 20 and this, at the location and in front of the passage pockets 17 and 18 and the notches 16a and 16b in front of the opening of 10. The particles that can then escape through this opening are those that are calibrated by the dimensions of the mesh of the grid and the width of the annular space swept by the fixed blades 22. It has been found that the means of the invention allow better calibration with less energy expenditure.

De manière connue, le disque 12 est équipé, à l'arrière de son flan 13, d'une série d'ailettes 13a de ventilation qui forment soufflerie d'entraînement des particules qui parviennent au conduit 11 d'évacuation.In known manner, the disc 12 is equipped, at the rear of its blank 13, with a series of ventilation fins 13a which form a drive blower. particles that reach the evacuation conduit 11.

On notera en dernier lieu que dans le broyeur selon l'invention la grille 21 est fixée de manière démontable au disque 12 de manière que l'utilisateur puisse la retirer. Il dispose alors d'un broyeur ordinaire qu'il peut utiliser dans le seul but d'une réduction d'un matériau végétal sans contrainte de calibration. Le broyeur de l'invention peut ainsi être employé de manière plus rentable.Finally, it will be noted that in the grinder according to the invention the grid 21 is removably attached to the disc 12 so that the user can remove it. He then has an ordinary mill that he can use for the sole purpose of a reduction of a plant material without calibration constraints. The mill of the invention can thus be used more cost-effectively.

Claims (3)

Broyeur de végétaux pour la production de plaquettes ou particules de bois calibrées, comportant : - un carter (1) fermé par une paroi frontale (2), une paroi de fond (3) et une paroi latérale (4) sensiblement cylindrique, avec, dans la paroi frontale une ouverture d'entrée (5) du bois à traiter bordée d'au moins une lame fixe (6,7), et dans la paroi latérale (4), une ouverture de sortie (10) des plaquettes ou particules, - un disque plein (12) logé à rotation dans le carter autour d'un axe (9) sensiblement perpendiculaire à la paroi frontale (2) et de fond (3) du carter, divisant l'espace intérieur de ce dernier en une chambre de déchiquetage du côté de la paroi frontale (2) et une chambre de soufflerie du côté de la paroi de fond (3), - au moins une série de couteaux (19,20) comprenant des premiers couteaux (19) en relief sur la face du disque (12) tournée vers la paroi frontale (2) de manière que ces couteaux croisent la lame fixe (6,7) lors de la rotation du disque (12) et au moins un deuxième couteau (20) de reprise fixé au voisinage de la périphérie du disque (12) pour balayer une surface cylindrique centrée sur l'axe (9) de rotation du disque, caractérisé en ce que le disque (12) comporte, à l'extérieur du deuxième couteau (20) et dans la chambre de déchiquetage, une grille (21) dont la maille crible les particules, cette grille (21) étant écartée vers l'extérieur du couteau de reprise (20) de manière à définir entre eux un espace dans lequel pénètre au moins un doigt fixe(22) porté par la paroi frontale (2) pour former une lame fixe croisée par le bord intérieur des mailles de la grille (21) et par le couteau (20) de reprise avant son passage devant l'ouverture (10) de sortie des particules.Vegetable crusher for the production of calibrated wood chips or particles, comprising: - a housing (1) closed by a front wall (2), a bottom wall (3) and a substantially cylindrical side wall (4), with, in the front wall, an inlet opening (5) of the wood to be treated edged with at least one fixed blade (6,7), and in the side wall (4), an outlet opening (10) of the platelets or particles, - A solid disc (12) rotatably housed in the housing about an axis (9) substantially perpendicular to the front wall (2) and bottom (3) of the housing, dividing the interior space of the latter into a chamber shredding on the side of the front wall (2) and a blower chamber on the side of the bottom wall (3), - at least one set of knives (19,20) comprising first knives (19) in relief on the face of the disc (12) facing the front wall (2) so that these knives cross the fixed blade (6,7 ) during the rotation of the disk (12) and at least a second recovery knife (20) fixed in the vicinity of the periphery of the disk (12) to scan a cylindrical surface centered on the axis (9) of rotation of the disk, characterized in that the disc (12) comprises, outside the second knife (20) and in the chipping chamber, a grid (21) whose mesh screens the particles, this grid (21) being spaced towards the outside the recovery knife (20) so as to define between them a space in which at least one fixed finger (22) carried by the front wall (2) penetrates to form a fixed blade crossed by the inner edge of the mesh of the grid (21) and by the knife (20) of recovery before its passage in front of the opening (10) of out of the particles. Broyeur de végétaux pour la production de plaquettes ou particules de bois calibrées selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le disque (12) possède un flan avant (14) duquel les premiers couteaux (19) font saillie en direction de l'ouverture d'entrée (5) du carter (1) et en ce que, en avant des premiers couteaux (19) dans le sens (A) de rotation du disque (12), le flan avant (14) est échancré d'au moins une poche (17, 18) de recueil des particules possédant une ouverture périphérique (16a,16b) tournée vers la grille (21).Vegetable crusher for the production of calibrated wood chips or particles according to claim 1, characterized in that the disc (12) has a front blank (14) from which the first knives (19) project in the direction of opening. inlet (5) of the housing (1) and in that , in front of the first knives (19) in the direction (A) of rotation of the disc (12), the front blank (14) is indented at least one pocket (17, 18) for collecting particles having a peripheral opening (16a, 16b) facing the grid (21). Broyeur de végétaux pour la production de plaquettes ou particules de bois calibrées selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que, entre le flan arrière (13) et le flan avant (14) du disque (12), ce dernier comporte une paroi cylindrique (15) de ceinture, échancrée (16a,16b) au niveau de l'ouverture de chaque poche (17,18), dont le rayon est inférieur au rayon d'action du deuxième couteau (20), et dont la dimension axiale est sensiblement égale à la distance séparant les deux flans du disque augmentée de la saillie des premiers couteaux (19) sur le flan avant (14).Plant crusher for the production of calibrated wood chips or particles according to claim 2, characterized in that , between the rear flank (13) and the front flank (14) of the disc (12), the disc (12) has a cylindrical wall ( 15), notched (16a, 16b) at the opening of each pocket (17,18), whose radius is less than the radius of action of the second knife (20), and whose axial dimension is substantially equal to the distance separating the two blanks of the disk increased by the projection of the first knives (19) on the front blank (14).
EP15167440.5A 2014-05-15 2015-05-12 Plant mill for producing gauged particles Active EP2949438B1 (en)

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PL15167440T PL2949438T3 (en) 2014-05-15 2015-05-12 Plant mill for producing gauged particles

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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FR1454354A FR3020969B1 (en) 2014-05-15 2014-05-15 VEGETABLE MILLER FOR MAKING CALIBRATED PARTICLES

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EP2949438A1 true EP2949438A1 (en) 2015-12-02
EP2949438B1 EP2949438B1 (en) 2017-10-25

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Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3124094B1 (en) 2021-06-17 2024-01-19 Eric Bugnot Box for calibration and evacuation of particles from a plant shredder.

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994013442A1 (en) 1992-12-14 1994-06-23 Telcor Pty. Ltd. Size reduction machinery
EP2036690A1 (en) * 2007-09-12 2009-03-18 Michel Bugnot Comminuting apparatus for producing calibrated wood particles
FR2946913A1 (en) 2009-06-23 2010-12-24 Michel Bugnot VEGETABLE MILLER FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CALIBERATED WOOD PACKAGES OR PARTICLES

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994013442A1 (en) 1992-12-14 1994-06-23 Telcor Pty. Ltd. Size reduction machinery
EP2036690A1 (en) * 2007-09-12 2009-03-18 Michel Bugnot Comminuting apparatus for producing calibrated wood particles
FR2946913A1 (en) 2009-06-23 2010-12-24 Michel Bugnot VEGETABLE MILLER FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CALIBERATED WOOD PACKAGES OR PARTICLES

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2949438B1 (en) 2017-10-25
FR3020969B1 (en) 2016-06-03
FR3020969A1 (en) 2015-11-20
PL2949438T3 (en) 2018-03-30

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