Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
  • H02K7/02—Additional mass for increasing inertia, e.g. flywheels
  • H02K7/025—Additional mass for increasing inertia, e.g. flywheels for power storage
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
  • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
  • H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
  • H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K3/00—Details of windings
  • H02K3/46—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
  • H02K3/47—Air-gap windings, i.e. iron-free windings
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device for storing energy by flywheel.
• a flywheel device is a device for storing and returning energy stored in kinetic form in a moving mass of a rotational movement.
• Such devices are particularly used to smooth and make more regular the operating regime of an electrical system, the irregularities are due to the power source of the system or the receiver using energy.
• such devices can for example be used to regulate the frequency of an electrical network, to stabilize micro-grids or smart grids or to avoid interruptions in order to provide power without interruption.
• the flywheel devices Compared to conventional energy storage devices, the flywheel devices have advantages such as longer life, particularly in terms of charge and discharge cycles, short response time, and cost of operation. low maintenance.
• a flywheel device generally consists of an assembly comprising a wheel suspended and com bined with an electric motor / generator whose rotor is connected to said wheel to form the flywheel.
• This assembly is generally placed in a hermetic enclosure under vacuum, and the wheel is generally kept in suspension in a magnetic field and stabilized in the sense of document FR 2 882 203, this configuration makes it possible to limit the energy losses by friction. mechanical.
• the flywheel devices have a limited efficiency insofar as they are equipped with engines / generator ensuring the conversion of electrical energy into kinetic energy and vice versa, on the one hand whose behavior can have a negative impact. on the stability of the rotation of the steering wheel, and secondly whose performance is low in that they have a significant self-discharge mainly due to friction taking place at the steering wheel and the stator, wound, such flywheels having a metal core driving. significant energy losses by eddy currents and Joule effect in motors / generators operating by magnetic repulsion.
• Rotor stability is also an important factor since any instability of the rotor must be corrected or absorbed by the flywheel suspension arms, which also results in a loss of energy. For this purpose it is appropriate that the electric machine generates the least possible parasitic axial or radial forces likely to destabilize the rotor.
• the object of the invention is to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks, and in particular to improve the stability and efficiency of such flywheel devices, and for this purpose consists of an energy storage device comprising:
• At least one motor / generator of the Lorentz motor / generator type comprising the rotor, a wound stator devoid of ferromagnetic material and to the magnet fixed on the flywheel,
• At least one magnetic flux closing means characterized in that the flow closure means is rotatably mounted synchronously with the magnet of the motor / electric generator.
• such an energy storage device comprises a stator that does not have a metal core, whether it is solid or laminated. More specifically, the magnetic flux closing means are only present on the rotor of the energy storage device.
• the engine / generator used is a Lorentz engine / generator (also called Laplace engine / generator), that is to say that to operate such a motor / generator uses the Laplace force which general is generated by a current conducting wire traversed by an electric current having a certain intensity when the wire is subjected to an electromagnetic field.
• the Laplace force thus generated is orthogonal to the fo rm of the electromagnetic field.
• the generated driving force also has parasitic components, in particular in the radial and axial directions, which destabilize the rotor, and therefore the steering wheel.
• said flux closure no longer undergoes variations in the magnetic field and is always exposed to the same local magnetic field.
• the electric motor / generator has few no-load losses, that is to say when it is not loaded but the rotor is rotating, and little loss of load, that is, that is, when energy exchanges take place between the motor / generator and the outside during the charging or discharging of the flywheel rotor.
• the flux density is provided by the magnets of the rotor and there is no energy loss at the inductor to create the flux density.
• Such a device thus makes it possible to limit the energy losses at the level of the electric motor / generator, the efficiency of the device being greatly increased.
• the energy storage device comprises a plurality of magnets fixed on the rotor forming a flywheel, and arranged in a "Klaus Halbach" configuration, and the stator is arranged around and facing remote magnets.
• a "Klaus Halbach” configuration makes it possible to generate a strong focused magnetic field in a controlled direction and direction.
• the rotor comprises at least one flow closure means fixed on the rotor forming a flywheel, facing the magnets, away from the stator, and the opposite side to the magnets with respect to the stator .
• the magnets are fixed on a cylindrical portion of the flywheel rotor, where appropriate, the flow closure means are preferably fixed on a thick wall of the flywheel rotor.
• the flow closure means can be integrated in the thick wall of the rotor so that they are not protruding relative to the thick wall.
• the magnets can be integrated in the cylindrical part of the rotor so that they are not protruding with respect to the cylindrical part.
• the flow closure means is embodied in the form of a band attached to the flywheel.
• the stator comprises a multiphase winding.
• the arrangement of the phases of the stator can be optimized so that the resultant of the radial forces of the motor / electrical generator are zero or self-centering and that the resultant axial forces of the motor / electrical generator are zero or self-centering.
• Such an arrangement of the stator phases makes it possible to give the motor / electrical generator a neutral behavior with respect to the stability of the rotation of the rotor forming the flywheel.
• the stator winding comprises Litz wire.
• the Litz wire which is a wire made up of elementary strands with a very thin section of the order of 0.1 mm in diameter, or even less, makes it possible to considerably reduce losses from eddy currents, especially when the electric motor / generator is not asked.
• first-order losses are limited to Joule losses in the stator.
• the losses are strictly limited to the Joule losses in the stator and to the eddy current losses in the strands of the Litz wires of the stator.
• the stator is wound so as to optimize the operation of the electric motor / generator by minimizing the parasitic forces, that is to say the other forces that the Lorentz force.
• the flow closure means are made from soft iron.
• the hysteresis cycle of the soft iron is very narrow, this makes it possible to reduce the losses.
• the rotor forming a flywheel comprises two Lorentz motor / generator type electric motors / generators mounted symmetrically and in opposition on both sides of a median plane of the flywheel. .
• this configuration provides a better efficiency and a better compensation of the forces, in particular axial forces, which can destabilize the rotor forming flywheel because the axial forces generated by the rotation of the steering wheel on both sides plan median flywheel are symmetrical and in opposition to this median plane of the flywheel.
• the use of two electric motors / generators also makes it possible to increase the safety of the device insofar as in a given configuration, if one of the electric motors / generators is no longer operational, this does not preclude the other is to supply energy to the rotor or to recover it from the rotor so that the device continues to perform its storage and discharge task in order to maintain the stability of an electrical network or to avoid interruptions in order to provide uninterrupted power supply.
• Another advantage is to allow, when the two engines / generators are operational, to provide energy much faster than when a single Lorentz engine / generator is used.
• the stators of the two electric motors / generators are connected in series.
• FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view in longitudinal section of a rotor according to a first embodiment of the present invention
• FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rotor according to the first embodiment of the present invention
• FIG. 3 is a schematic view in longitudinal section of a rotor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
• FIG. 4 is an unobstructed view of the stator winding according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
• FIG. 5 is a schematic view in longitudinal section of a rotor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
• FIG. 6 is a view of the "Klaus Halbach" configuration for use in a fourth embodiment of the present invention
• - Figure 7 is a schematic perspective view of a longitudinal section of a rotor according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
• an energy storage device comprises:
• a rotor 1 forming a flywheel comprising a cylindrical portion 2 and a thick wall concentric 3 fixedly attached to one another and at a distance so as to form a single monolithic piece.
• the cylindrical portion 2 and the thick wall 3 support a wheel (not shown) which may, for example, be made of composite material, in particular carbon fibers.
• an electric motor / generator of the Lorentz motor / generator type comprising the rotor 1, a stator 4 and a magnet 5.
• the magnet 5 is fixed on the cylindrical part 2 of the rotor made of ferromagnetic material, the thick wall 3 consists of a ferromagnetic material and is thus designed to be a magnetic flux closing means, the stator 4 is disposed between the cylindrical portion 2 and the thick wall 3.
• the thick wall 3 closing flux is therefore directly connected to the cylindrical portion 2 and driven the same rotational movement.
• stator 4 which is wound son Litz.
• the stator 4 retains the same arrangement as in FIGS. 1 and 2 with respect to the cylindrical portion 2 and the thick wall 3.
• the device as illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4 has a wound winding stator made of Litz wires which makes it possible to significantly reduce the losses due to the eddy current.
• the rotor 1 has two motors / electric generators of the Lorentz motor / generator type arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of the cylindrical portion 2 of the rotor 1.
• the configuration of the two motors / generators is substantially the same as in the preceding figures, thus having two magnets 5 (one for each motor / electric generator) and two stators 4.
• the stators 4a and 4b are wound with wire of
• the rotor 1 forming a flywheel is manufactured such that a rim 6 connects the cylindrical portion 2 to the thick wall 3.
• the rim 6 is shaped to be very rigid at its inner radius near the cylindrical portion 2 so as not to peel off, and so as to be flexible at its outer radius near the thick wall 3 so to follow the deformation of the thick wall 3.
• rims 6 may be used distributed along the cylindrical portion 2 and the thick wall 3 to ensure a perfect connection between the cylindrical portion 2 and the thick wall 3.
• the number of rims 6 to be used is determined according to the resonance modes of the wheel in the speed range of the rotor 1 considered.
• Such an embodiment makes it possible to significantly reduce the energy losses, and to limit the self-discharge of the rotor by means of a notable reduction of the eddy current losses and by hysteresis, and an elimination of parasitic forces destabilizing the rotation of the rotor 1.
• the use of two engines / electric generators of the Lorentz motor / generator type makes it possible to increase the stability, in particular the axial stability, of the rotation of the rotor 1.
• the rotor 1 has a configuration similar to the configuration of Figure 5, namely two engines / generators electric motor / generator Lorentz whose stators 4 are not shown.
• FIGS. 6 and 7 The embodiment disclosed in FIGS. 6 and 7 is different from that of FIG. 5 in that it comprises magnets arranged in a "Klaus Halbach” configuration on the cylindrical portion 2 of the rotor 1 for to form two "Halbach cylinders" 5 or “magic cylinders", and in that the roto r is mostly made of a non-ferromagnetic material.
• the magnetic flux closure is provided by two rings 7 made of ferromagnetic soft iron type material, each integrated in the thick wall structure 3 of the rotor 1 and arranged facing a Halbach cylinder.
• Such an embodiment makes it possible to significantly reduce energy losses and to limit self-discharge of the rotor.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
• Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
• Windings For Motors And Generators (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Citations (1)

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• 2013
  • 2013-01-15 FR FR1350336A patent/FR3001093B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2014
  • 2014-01-14 KR KR1020157021126A patent/KR102126784B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2014-01-14 HK HK15112717.0A patent/HK1212110A1/xx unknown
  • 2014-01-14 EP EP14703147.0A patent/EP2946460A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2014-01-14 CN CN201480004816.XA patent/CN104919681A/zh active Pending
  • 2014-01-14 JP JP2015552132A patent/JP6509742B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2014-01-14 RU RU2015133706A patent/RU2643347C2/ru active
  • 2014-01-14 CA CA2897891A patent/CA2897891C/fr active Active
  • 2014-01-14 WO PCT/FR2014/050068 patent/WO2014111651A2/fr not_active Ceased
• 2015
  • 2015-07-06 IL IL239809A patent/IL239809A0/en unknown
  • 2015-07-13 US US14/797,641 patent/US20150318759A1/en not_active Abandoned

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