Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
  • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
  • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
  • H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
  • H01H31/26—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch
  • H01H31/32—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch with rectilinearly-movable contact
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
  • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
  • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
  • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the field of electrical switchgear, in particular the type of disconnector or earthing switch, preferably high voltage. Even more preferentially, the invention relates to a high-voltage disconnector of the GIS (gas insulated switchgear) type, that is to say located in a metal or shielded casing with electrical insulation conferred by gas. SF6 or equivalent.
• GIS gas insulated switchgear
• an electrical switchgear of the disconnector or earthing switch type comprises an electrically conductive assembly which is moved at a constant translational speed during each opening operation and during each closing operation.
• the conductor assembly which is generally equipped with a permanent contact and an arcing contact, undergoes mechanical and electrical stresses that gradually generate its degradation. This phenomenon is also observed on the other permanent contact and on the other arcing contact of the apparatus, said fixed contacts.
• the document FR 2 547 107 proposes an electrical apparatus with a fixed arc contact coupled to a spring, which makes it possible to accelerate the spacing speed of the two arcing contacts at the moment of their separation. .
• the fixed arcing contact can no longer really be regarded as fixed, since it is slidably mounted on the fixed frame of the apparatus.
• conventional designs of switchgear usually do not monitor the area of the fixed contact, so that the detection of a possible anomaly on the spring is not possible. This seems unacceptable, as a failure of the undetected spring would cause a dangerous malfunction of the switchgear.
• the presence of permanent magnets to operate the system is likely to generate electromagnetic disturbances which are of course not desirable.
• the object of the invention is therefore to remedy at least partially the disadvantages mentioned above, relating to the embodiments of the prior art.
• the subject of the invention is an electrical switchgear, in particular a disconnector, according to claim 1.
• the proposed solution is first of all advantageous in that it allows, by relative rotation of the two arcing contacts, to stretch the electric arc occurring between them during an opening operation. This stretch promotes the extinction of the arc, and also distributes the electrical wear on these arcing contacts. The adverse effects of repeated arc flash formation between the arcing contacts are therefore largely attenuated, and the lifetime of these contacts is advantageously improved.
• the invention is remarkable in that it makes it possible to vary the speed of said arcing contact of the moving assembly, during the same opening operation, by means of the acceleration caused by the release of energy from the elastic return means. Consequently, this controlled variation can be determined in such a way as to best limit the mechanical and electrical wear of the electrically conductive assembly.
• the release of energy is preferentially initiated after the separation of the permanent contacts, and during the separation of the arcing contacts, that is to say initiated at the precise moment of the separation of the contacts. arcs or before that moment, and completed after they are separated.
• the speed of the moving arc contact embossed on the electrically conductive assembly is even higher during this critical phase of the opening operation, which limits the damage due to electrical stresses.
• this improvement is added to that described above, conferred by the rotational nature of the moving arc contact.
• This feature of the invention is also advantageous in that it allows a variation of the speed of said arc contact of the moving assembly, while moving at a constant speed of translation the point of attachment of a device. training of the mobile unit electrically conductive. Consequently, this driving device can advantageously integrate a motor driven at constant speed, even if a variable speed could be implemented, without departing from the scope of the invention.
• the acceleration spring is not arranged on the fixed elements side, but on the assembly comprising the mobile electrodes.
• the acceleration spring is not arranged on the fixed elements side, but on the assembly comprising the mobile electrodes.
• this preferred solution makes it possible to reduce the overall size of the apparatus compared to those encountered in the prior art.
• the modification made to the fixed contact to make it slightly mobile causes a significant increase in the dimensioning, especially for purposes of translational guidance of this contact.
• the impact on the dimensioning is much smaller because this assembly already has a bulk important, including a significant length to ensure its guidance in translation.
• the speed of the electrically conductive assembly can be slow, until the separation of the permanent contacts in order to limit the mechanical wear of these, then rise to limit the electrical wear of the arcing contacts.
• said rotation means are designed to initiate the relative rotation of the two arcing contacts during the separation of the arcing contacts, that is to say at the precise instant of the separation of the contacts. arcs or before that moment.
• the design of the apparatus is retained so that the rotation is stopped at a time following that of the extinction of the electric arc.
• this primer takes place preferably after the start of the opening operation, and that the rotation is stopped before the end of this same operation.
• the relative rotation takes place over a period corresponding to a few milliseconds over a total opening stroke duration of approximately 10s, and / or over a distance corresponding to one third of the total stroke of the moving assembly during the opening operation.
• the design of the apparatus is such that no rotation occurs during the closing operations.
• said rotating means are designed so that the relative angular position between the two arcing contacts differs between that adopted in a closed position of the arcing contacts, and that adopted in the position of closing of the cycle directly consecutive.
• the equipment may be designed so that the angular extent of the relative rotation after each cycle is such that 360 is not a multiple of the value of this extent.
• the relative position between the two arcing contacts is not the same as that adopted at the beginning of the previous round.
• This angular extent is preferably identical to each cycle.
• the relative rotation between the arcing contacts can be obtained by rotating the two contacts, or only one of them, that it is movable in translation or fixed.
• said elastic return means comprise at least one compression or traction spring.
• said rotation means are designed to apply a relative rotation of the two arcing contacts only during the energy release phase of said elastic return means, and even more preferably during a very large part of this phase of release of energy.
• said other body of the electrically conductive assembly is intended to be connected to a point of attachment of a driving device of said movable electrically conductive assembly.
• said other body comprises the permanent electrical contact.
• said rotation means comprise a finger system housed in a helical groove, said relative rotation of the two arc contacts being operated automatically by moving the finger in the helical groove, during sliding between said other body and the movable arcing contact, during the energy release phase of said elastic return means.
• this principle provides a simple and effective solution for converting the sliding motion of the moving arc contact into a helical motion, including the desired rotation of the arc contact.
• This principle of finger and helical groove, or the like is moreover applicable even when the apparatus does not have a system enabling the acceleration of the moving arcing contact.
• said system also comprises a ring surrounding the movable arcing contact, said ring being integral with the end of the finger opposite to that housed in said groove made in said other body.
• said ring is connected to the movable arcing contact so that when it is rotated in a first direction of rotation, it carries with it the arcing contact in rotation along the central axis, and so that when it is rotated in a second direction of rotation opposite to the first, it causes no rotation of the arc contact.
• the apparatus comprises abutment means making it possible, during an opening operation, to block the translational movement of said movable arcing contact with respect to a fixed body of the apparatus, and said other body is provided with unlocking means adapted to release said abutment means after said other body has been moved relative to the movable arcing contact, by a predetermined distance.
• said abutment means comprise a first abutment integral with said movable arcing contact, as well as a second abutment mounted on said fixed body of the apparatus.
• said second stop is an integral part of a trigger pivotally mounted on said fixed body, the unlocking means of said other body being intended to rotate this trigger to release said first and second stops.
• the subject of the invention is also a method for implementing an opening operation using an apparatus as described above, the method being such that at least after the separation of the two electrical arcing contacts, these are rotated relative to each other along their central axis.
• Figures 1 to 5 show a disconnector according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in different configurations successively adopted during an opening operation.
• this disconnector may be an earthing switch, preferably a high voltage disconnector type GIS .
• the disconnector 1 comprises a cutoff chamber 2 shown only partially, enclosed in an enclosure containing an insulating gas such as SF6 gas or any other gaseous mixture deemed appropriate.
• the chamber 2 encloses a stationary permanent contact (not shown), as well as a fixed arcing contact 5a partially shown, intended to be located radially inwardly with respect to the permanent contact.
• This assembly 6 contains an electrically conductive moving assembly 6, connected to a fixed body 8 in which it is movable in translation, in a direction of displacement represented by the arrow 11.
• This assembly 6 has an end equipped with a movable permanent contact 4b in the form of a tube, and also comprises a moving electric arc contact 5b arranged radially inwardly with respect to the permanent contact 4b. These two contacts 4b, 5b are intended to cooperate with the aforementioned fixed contacts.
• the assembly 6 generally takes the form of a sliding cylinder, like the piston of a jack, in a cylindrical housing 10 of the body 8.
• the permanent contact 4b forms the outer body of the assembly, and is extended by a conductive cylinder 13 of smaller diameter through which the arc contact 5b also passes.
• the electrically conductive assembly 6 comprises elastic return means, such as a compression spring 16, forcing the contact 5b arc to move towards a first end position relative to the permanent contact 5b, corresponding to the position in which it is located at most in the cylinders of the permanent contact 4b, as shown on Figures la and lb.
• This first position towards which the spring 16 tends to push the arc contact 5b, thus corresponds to a position in which this contact is in the bottom of the opening bore 12.
• the spring 16 disposed around the arc contact 5b is supported at one of its ends on a flange 18 of this contact, and is supported at the other of its ends on a ring 20 fixedly mounted in the boring opening 12 of the cylinder 13. More specifically, the flange 18 is formed on a support 15 of the arc contact 5b carrying the rod 17 of the same contact.
• the support is cylindrical with a diameter substantially identical to that of the bore 12, so as to allow the translational guidance of the entire arc contact 5b in the cylinder 13 of the permanent contact 4b.
• this support 15 linearly guides freely allowing the contact rod 17 to pivot, along the central axis 19 of the arc contacts also corresponding to the central axis of the assembly of this disconnector.
• the permanent contact 4b moves in the direction 11 in the direction of opening, leading to the separation of the electrical contacts, it transmits this movement to the arc contact 5b through the reaction of the compression spring 16 on the ring 20.
• the 4b permanent contact moves in the direction of closing in the direction of closure, leading to a ruzement of the electrical contacts, it transmits this movement in contact with the arc 5b by pressing its end into the bottom of the bore 12, or through the support of rods in the bottom of corresponding grooves, as shown in Figure la.
• the arc contact holder 15 fixedly supports two diametrically opposed rods 21, at the end of each of which is placed a roller 23 forming a stop.
• the rods 21 pass respectively through the grooves 25 formed through the cylinder 13 of the permanent contact 4b, along the direction 11. In the closed position shown in FIG. 1a, as well as throughout the closing operation which precedes the obtaining of this position, the rods 21 are supported in the bottom of the grooves 25, thus allowing the drive in translation of the contact 5b by the contact 4b.
• this contact in order to put the permanent contact 4b in motion, in order to implement the opening and closing operations of the disconnector, this contact is connected at its rear end to a point of attachment 22 of a device.
• This device 30 diagrammatically shown in FIG. 1b can be produced in a conventional manner, for example in such a way as to apply a constant translational speed to the point of attachment 22, in the direction 11, during each closing operation and each operation. 'opening.
• the disconnector is also equipped with a trigger 34 pivotally mounted on the fixed body 8, along an axis of articulation 36 orthogonal to the axis 19. At its end opposite the articulation, the trigger has two stops 38.
• stop means jointly with the rollers 23, the latter constituting the first stops, and the abutments 38 forming second stops.
• the stops 23, 38 are opposite and aligned in pairs in the direction 11.
• the stops are spaced from each other, and do not cooperate with each other.
• these stops are caused to temporarily cooperate in pairs during a specific phase of the opening operation, before a bead 40 provided on the rear end of the cylinder 13 does not rotate the trigger 34 by pressing on a bar 42 thereof, to release and the first and second stops 23, 38.
• the bead 40 therefore performs a function of unlocking the stop means.
• the disconnector is equipped with a system 50 allowing automatic and controlled rotation of the arc contact 5b, and more precisely of its rod. 17 according to the axis 19.
• the system 50 comprises firstly a ring 52 integral in translation with the rod 17 which it surrounds. In addition, it is integral in rotation of the same rod, but only in one of the two directions of rotation. Therefore, in a first direction of rotation of the ring 52 along the axis 19, this ring carries with it the arc contact rod, while in the other direction of rotation, the ring 52 rotates but the rod 17 remains fixed in rotation.
• the ring 52 centered on the axis 19 fixedly bears a finger 54 oriented radially, whose free end, opposite to that integral with the ring 52, is housed in a helical groove 56 of axis 19 formed through the cylinder 13.
• This groove 56 is initiated at the diameter break 44, and extends rearwardly then being slightly extended by a small straight portion parallel to the direction 11.
• the stops 23, 38 come into contact in pairs and lead to blocking the translation movement of the arc contact 5b relative to the fixed body 8, while the translational movement of the permanent contact 4b is continued always under the action of the driving device.
• the spring 16 is strongly compressed, because the arc contact 5b is temporarily blocked in translation relative to the permanent contact 4b, as shown in Figure 2a.
• the arc contact 5b therefore remains a motionless moment in translation, without being driven by the permanent contact 4b which continues its course.
• the state represented in FIG. 2a shows that the finger 54 bears against the front end of the helical groove 56, and / or bears against the diameter break 44 of the permanent contact.
• the arc contact 5b largely protruding relative to the permanent contact as shown in FIG. 2b, adopts a second position reached after the permanent contact 4b has been displaced by a determined distance from the contact 5b.
• the bead 40 of the cylinder 13 bears on the rod 42 of the trigger 34 and causes the latter to pivot about the axis 36, as has been illustrated in FIG. 3.
• the second stops 38 release the first stops 23, and make free the arc contact 5b which is then moved at a very high speed in the direction 11, under the effect of the energy release of the spring 16 .
• FIG. 4a shows a part of the disconnector during the phase of displacement of the finger 54 in the groove 56.
• the release of energy from the spring and the rotation of the arcing contact are performed simultaneously, preferably during the separation of the arcing contacts, that is, they are initiated at the precise instant of the separation of the contacts of arcs or before this same instant.
• the rotation is stopped slightly before the end of the energy release phase, and more precisely stopped when the finger 54 enters the straight extension of the groove 56, in the configuration shown in Figure 4b.
• the disconnector 1 is designed so that at this moment of end of rotation, the electric arc is already off.
• the arc contact 5b After this opening phase, the arc contact 5b has been moved in rotation relative to its initially occupied position in the closed position.
• the angular extent of this rotation is for example between 92 and 100 ° in the solution shown, and is more generally greater than a quarter turn. Therefore, since the next closing operation causes no rotation of the arc contact 5b, the latter is then returned to the closed position in an angular position distinct from that adopted in the previous cycle.

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• Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
• Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=48083329

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Country Status (6)

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• 2013
  • 2013-01-14 FR FR1350311A patent/FR3001081B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2014
  • 2014-01-14 KR KR1020157021703A patent/KR20150105986A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2014-01-14 EP EP14700483.2A patent/EP2943967B1/de active Active
  • 2014-01-14 WO PCT/EP2014/050588 patent/WO2014108558A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2014-01-14 JP JP2015552089A patent/JP2016507128A/ja not_active Withdrawn
  • 2014-01-14 CN CN201480004605.6A patent/CN104919557B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related

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