Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
  • C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
  • C08G18/38—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen
  • C08G18/3893—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen containing silicon
  • C08G18/3895—Inorganic compounds, e.g. aqueous alkalimetalsilicate solutions; Organic derivatives thereof containing no direct silicon-carbon bonds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
  • C08J9/0066—Use of inorganic compounding ingredients
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G2101/00—Manufacture of cellular products
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
  • C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
  • E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
  • E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
  • E04G23/0203—Arrangements for filling cracks or cavities in building constructions

Definitions

• a novel foam-generating liquid mixture its use and equipment for its preparing
• the object of the invention is a foam-generating liquid mixture for preparing thermal insulation layer, and equipment for preparing and dispensing the foam- generating mixture, which has a house, a pump arranged in the house, a motor driving the pump, and has valves connected to the pump, which valves can also be connected to the tanks serving the storage of the components of the foam-generating mixture, and the pump is connected to a spray head with nozzle.
• the object of the invention a procedure for repairing the cavities occurring in the thermal insulation layer of the building bounding wall structures, during which the location and extension of the cavity is determined, the building bounding wall structure is explored in the location of the cavity, and the liquid foam-generating mixture is introduced into the cavity.
• BG 104969 Bulgarian design application discloses a pulp, useful in the repair of different insulations, for example thermal insulations, comprising 20-35 v% dioctyl phthalate, 14-25 v% polystyrene foam, and 50-65 v% mineral wool and quartz pow- der, in some cases ground rubber, as filler, and in some cases 2-3 v% colouring material.
• the use, introduction of the repair material is not described in the application.
• JP 6171995 Japanese patent publication discloses a pourable thermal insulation material, which is pasty, and can be used for the repair of different thermal insulations.
• the mixture contains about 10-40 parts by weight bentonite, which is mixed with 100 parts by weight granules of 6-20 mm average particle size, which is obtained by the pulverization of the mixture of mineral wool, compressed waste and binding material, then by mixing with 10-60 parts by weight water it is knead and allowed to stand.
• US 2009/0270521 A1 patent application is proposing a procedure suitable for the preparation of fire resistant foam, in which polyol, diisocyanate and sodium silicate are mixed, but for this the sodium silicate, for the suitable mixing with the polyol and diisocyanate, is warmed to temperature between 25 °C and 50 °C, preferably to about 40 °C, this way reducing its viscosity.
• the mixed components are dispensed with a propellant, for example compressed air, through a nozzle.
• a propellant for example compressed air
• Another disadvantage is that by the effect of the polyol component the mixture has strong adhesive properties, which on the one hand makes dispensing more difficult, on the other hand cleaning of the dispensing equipment is very difficult, following a longer standstill the components with smaller internal diameter may need to be replaced.
• the foam produced is hygroscopic, its volume is significantly increasing in the course of hardening, which in case of using it in a wall structure may result in the damage of the wall structure.
• the specific gravity of the mixture diluted with the compressed air is small, therefore its kinetic energy is not sufficient for example to wash away or enclose the age-worn, damaged insulation material in the cavity of the defective insulation to be filled in.
• our aim was to develop a thermal insulation repair material for repairing the mineral wool heat insulation arranged in the wall structure, which is more fire resistant, and with which the disadvantages of the solutions of the prior art can be eliminated, and which doesn't change its volume even in case of temperature fluctua- tion, which is not hygroscopic at all, and perfectly fills in the imperfect volume of the mineral wool thermal insulation without swelling in the course of hardening, and without exerting pressure in the course of foam rising which can deform the bounding surfaces, washes away or surrounds the age-worn, damaged insulation material in the cavity to be filled in, in such a way that the filamentous insulation material damaged, or prone to be damaged is washed away with a wetting fluid, with high pressure, and the foam arising from the liquid entirely fills in the cavity available, i.e. the cavity occurred in place of the missing part of the insulation, but shouldn't deform the building bounding surfaces, but at the same time its ⁇ thermal conductivity factor should correlate with the ⁇ thermal conductivity factor of the mineral
• our goal is to develop a procedure and an equipment, with which the foam-generating liquid mixture of the invention can be introduced into the wall structure comprising the mineral wool thermal insulation layer with uniformly high pressure without the need for using another transport medium to dispense the correction material, i.e. compressed air, and without the need to totally explore the wall structure on the site of the defect either in case of buildings, ships or road vehicles.
• the foam-generating liquid mixture of the invention can be introduced into the wall structure comprising the mineral wool thermal insulation layer with uniformly high pressure without the need for using another transport medium to dispense the correction material, i.e. compressed air, and without the need to totally explore the wall structure on the site of the defect either in case of buildings, ships or road vehicles.
• a foam-generating mixture for the forming of thermal insulation foam which consists of a first component, a second component and a third component, wherein the first component is water-glass, the second component is polymethylene-polyphenyl-polyisocyanate, and the third component is the mixture of at least 65 v% tris(2-chloro-isopropyl)-phosphate, at most 10 v% benzyl-dimethylamine, at most 10 v% cyclohexyl-dimethylamine and at most 15 v% foam-forming agent, moreover the volume ratio of the first component is at most 3 volume parts, the volume ratio of the second component is at most 3 volume parts, and the volume ratio of the third component is at most 4 volume parts.
• the amount of the foam-forming agent in the third component is at least 5 v%.
• the amount of the cyclohexyl-dimethylamine in the third component is at least
• the amount of the benzyl-dimethylamine in the third component is at least 2.5 v%.
• the equipment which is serv- ing the formation and dispensing the liquid mixture which has a house, a pump arranged in the house, a motor driving the pump, and has valves connected to the pump, which valves can also be connected to the tanks serving the storage of the components of the foam-generating liquid mixture, and the pump is connected to a spray head with nozzle, and the pump is formed from at least two pump-houses, and in each pump-house piston houses are arranged with the same design, and with the same number as the components, and the inlet of each piston house is connected to the tanks, the outlet is connected to the mixing head connected to the spray head, and the pistons of each piston houses are fixed to a common piston-rod, which is journalled to the output shaft of the excenter drive, and the movement direction of the pistons of the pump-house encloses an angle with the movement direction of the pistons of the other pump-house.
• the movement direction of the pistons of the first pump-house encloses a right angle with the movement direction of the pistons of the second pump-house.
• the movement direction of the pistons of the n th pump-house encloses a 90°/2 n"2 angle with the movement direction of the pistons of the (n-1 ) th pump-house.
• a reversing valve block is connected to the mixing head and the pump per component.
• the localization and extension of the cavity is determined by the evaluation of the thermal camera recording prepared about the wall structure, and the liquid foam- generating mixture is prepared by mixing the first component, the second component and the third component, during which water glass is used as first component, poly- methylene-polyphenyl-polyisocyanate is used as second component, and a mixture containing at least 65 v% tris(2-chloro-isopropyl)-phosphate, at most 10 v% benzyl- dimethylamine, at most 10 v% cyclohexyl-dimethylamine and at most 15 v% foam- forming agent is used as third component.
• bores are prepared in the wall surface of the building bounding wall structure, in the range appropriate for the area of the cavity, 0.6-0.8 m away from each other.
• p(x) Isin (x+90°/2 (n" 2) )l, wherein x is the angular position of the piston, n is the number of the pump- houses.
• the repair material is sprayed into the cavity formed as a consequence of the degradation of the mineral wool thermal insulation in the wall structure, and thereby the damaged insulation inside the cavity is blown away, washed away.
• the open cell, dimensionally stable foam generated from the liquid sprayed in is extremely close to the nominal parameters of the previously built in mineral wool product from the aspects of insulation, air permeability, flame retardant characteristics, therefore the energetic relations of the repaired wall structure do not change compared to the design parameters, thermal bridges do not form in the environment of the repair, since the ⁇ thermal conductivity factor of the foam generated from the foam-generating mixture of the invention with 0.041 W/mK thermal insulation characteristics, which is in very good correlation with the 0.036-0.041 W/mK ⁇ thermal conductivity factor of the mineral wool thermal insulations.
• Figure 1 The arrangement of the components of the equipment of the invention can be seen on Figure 1.
• Figure 2 describes the pump of the equipment of the invention, providing steady material flow.
• Figure 3 shows the internal arrangement of the piston houses formed in the pump-houses.
• Figure 4 Describes an embodiment of the method of the invention suitable for repairing the cavity occurred in the thermal insulation layer of the building boundary structures.
• the arrangement of the components of the equipment 1 of the invention can be seen on Figure 1.
• the equipment 1 has a house 2, which have practically 3 wheels, with which it can be easily moved.
• Tanks 4, 5, 6 are attached to the house 2, which serve the storage of the A, B, C components of the three component repair material of the invention, in this order.
• Valves 7, 8, 9 are fixed to the house of equipment 1 , which can be connected to the external tanks not shown on the Figure 1 , containing the suitable A, B, C components, from which the working tanks 4, 5, 6 can be filled through the valves Sa, Sb, Sc, or can be replaced by the closure of the valves Sa, Sb, Sc.
• Each tank 4, 5, 6 and the external tanks are connected pairwise with a common hose to the twin cylinder, piston pump 10 providing the steady material flow, the internal arrangement of which can be seen on Figure 2.
• the pump 10 is formed from two pump-houses, the first 10a pump-house and the second 10b pump-house, ar- ranged at an angle of 90 degrees, and in each 10a, 10b pump-houses three-three piston houses 13 are arranged, one per A, B, C components, with similar design, in which the pistons 13a can be moved in identical phase.
• the pistons 13a are operated in the pump-house 10a with the common 11a piston-rod
• the pistons 13b are operated in the pump-house 10b with the common 11 b piston-rod.
• the piston-rods 11a, 11 b are connected by bearing to the output shaft Te of the excenter drive 12, driven by the motor M.
• the output shaft Te of the excenter drive 12 performs planetary motion around the T central shaft of drive 12. Since the piston houses 13 en- close angle with each other, in this embodiment a right angle, the pistons 13a, 13b move with 90° phase shift to each other.
• the internal arrangement of the piston houses 13 formed in each pump-house 10a, 10b can be seen on Figure 3, in case of the 10a pump-house identical with the pump-house 10b.
• three piston houses 13 are arranged in parallel with each other.
• the pistons 13a with diameter D are rigidly connected to the combiner element E, which is guided in the pump-house 10a.
• the piston rod 1 1 a is hingedly connected to the combiner element E.
• the pump-house 13 has inlet Bm and outlet Km for the appropriate A, B, C components. Both the inlet Bm and the out- let Km are fitted with the valves Gb, Gk pretensioned with the spring R, in the embodiment described with clapper-valve.
• the piston 13a is fitted with the valve Ga, which is arranged in the head of the piston 3a in such a way that the head of the piston 13a is permeable to liquid if the valve Ga is open.
• the passage J is formed which is connected to the valve G, through which, in the course of the movement of the piston 13a liquid can flow from volume Vi between the piston 13a and the suction valve Gk into volume V 2 , but not in the opposite direction. Continuous liquid flow on outlet Km i.e.
• the Nn movement direction of the pistons 13a of the n th pump-house 10n is enclosing a 90 2 n"2 angle with the Nn-1 movement direction of the pistons 13a of the (n-1 ) th pump- house 10n-1.
• the Km outputs of the 10a, 10b pump-houses merged by A, B, C components are connected to a reversing valve block 16 shown on Figure 1 , which has three tasks. On the one hand it enables filling the tank 4, 5, 6 in a closed system from an external reservoir containing the given A, B, C component, its warming, if necessary, and de- aeration of the system.
• the reversing valve block 16 is serving for protecting the equipment 1 against overpressure with a spring-loaded safety ball valve with ad- justable opening pressure.
• the output of the equipment (P(bar) ⁇ Q(l/min)) can be changed within a wide range with the built in frequency converter of the drive 12 of the equipment 1 , remotely controlled from the site of work, adapted to the throughput of the spraying nozzle 18 just to be used, and to the insulation task.
• the spraying nozzle 18 is installed to the end of the straight or bent tube installed to the mixing head 17. Nozzle 18 is commercially available, its throughput for water at 2 bar pressure difference is 0.8-2 litres/min.
• Components B,C are mixed in the mixing head 17, and introduced into the nozzle 18, from where it can introduced into the cavity to be filled, together with component A.
• Foam-generating starts within 5-8 seconds following mixing the components A, B, C, and stops within 12-20 seconds.
• foam-rising pressure which can deform the surfaces of the cavity to be insulated, doesn't occur, because the outer part of the foam surface generated, meeting any other exterior surface is collapsing, and forms a thicker skin layer in the course of the foaming process.
• component A unlike the foams of the prior art doesn't include flammable polyols, but in addition to the high amount of inorganic component, for example water-glass, contains isopropyl and amine derivatives too, then the necessary fire resistance increases significantly, which makes the repair material of the invention suitable even for the repair of mineral wool thermal insulation.
• inorganic component for example water-glass
• a foam is generated, which, unlike the insulation materials generally used for filling cavities, typically introduced into the cavity to be filled with an auxiliary medium, for example nitrogen gas or compressed air, with physical condition similar to that of the shaving foam, in the course of foam rising doesn't generate pressure which is able to deform the bounding surfaces, but washes away or encloses the aged, damaged insulation material in the cavity to be filled by means of the impulse of the introduction and the specific gravity of the foam-generating mixture.
• the specific gravity of the foam-generating mixtures is small, and because of the low level of kinetic energy absorbed in the course of introduction they cannot move the aged, damaged insulation material in the cavity, therefore filling of the cavity is not perfect.
• the repair material of the invention with A, B, C components is introduced into the site of the repair with the equipment 1 with steadily high pressure.
• the steady pressure means that it is never zero, but changes sinusoidally between at most p(x)max (sin 90°) and least p(x)min (sin 135°).
• the components B, C can be recycled, recirculated from valve block 16 into tanks 5, 6, instead of the mixing head 17. This is necessary for cleaning, flushing the mixing head 17, which can be carried out with component "A", using 2-3 sec flushing operation. Of course, in case of continuous operation this is unnecessary. Recirculation of components B, C through the valve block 16 into the tanks 5, 6 is performed in order to flush the mixed liquid from mixing head 17 with the water-glass component A. In the course of flushing the nozzle 18 remains in the cavity to be filled. Starting, stopping, performance modification of the equipment 1 can be carried out in known manner, from the control cabinet or with a remote control.
• the necessary 22-25 °C temperature of the components can be provided by turning on the standard, electric heating plates built under the piston-houses 13 (not shown on the Figure), if this is necessary, because of the environmental temperature. During heating the maximum temperature of the piston-houses 13 is 30 °C.
• thermal camera recording is made about the building bounding structure, for example about the wall 19 of the building, comprising the thermal insulation layer.
• the coordinate scale 23 is drawn on the external 20 or internal 21 wall surface, and the damages seen on the recording, i.e. for example the cavity 22 are surrounded on the borderline of the damage with bores F, drilled about 0.6-0.8 m away from each other, preferably with 16 mm diameter.
• the wall surface 20 or the wall surface 21 In case of a cavity 22 exceeding the 1.6 m biggest dimension the wall surface 20 or the wall surface 21 , corresponding to the area of the whole cavity 22 is covered with a similar size coordinate scale 23.
• the bores F are prepared on the whole wall surface 20 or wall surface 21 , starting in 0.2-0.8 m, preferably in 0.4 m height, and in the course of preparing the bores the condition and existence of the old insulation material is checked. By moving upwards, shifted with half spacing, the whole wall surface 20, 21 is drilled, as it can be seen on Figure 4.
• the insulating foam is sprayed through the nozzle 18, proceeding by bore lines, from the bottom to top, the nozzle 18 is moved even in depth, at the lowest bore line the foam-generating mixture jet is directed upwards.
• the foam-generating mixture jet is directed downwards, the in depth movement is necessary.
• the work is preferably carried out from a mobile, rolling platform or mounting basket, by avoiding the material loss due to the frequent flushing of the equipment 1. Following spraying the lowest bores F are closed with the plastic caps 26, in order to avoid the occasional dusting off or leaking of the insulation mate- rial.
• Repair of the insulation of attics can also be performed with the material of the invention, in such a way, that the repair material of the invention is sprayed to the external vertical surface of the jamb wall of the built in room of the attic building under the roofing.
• the sprayer nozzle 18 is inserted into the selected bore F, and the available cavity is filled with suitable changes of direction.
• foaming test Before starting the work it is practical to make foaming test, to check the prop- erties of the foam-generating mixture and the foam generated in such a way that at least 0.7 litre foam-generating mixture is sprayed through the nozzle 18 selected or specified for the work. In the course of the foaming test it is checked, whether the manometers of the pump 10 show nearly identical pressure (+5% difference is allowed), which is preferably between 70-150 bars.
• the time period of spraying is defined by the reaction time.
• the present invention is illustrated by the following example.
• the average extension of the cavity 22 in parallel with the external 20, 21 wall surface was 1 m 2
• the average depth was 0.2 m.
• the amount of the multicomponent liquid foam-generating mixture necessary for filling the cavity is determined by taking into consideration the 20 kg/m 3 specific gravity of the freely foaming foam, i.e. at least 4 kg multicomponent liquid foam-generating mixture is necessary for filling the cavity with 1 m 2 surface, 0.2 m average depth.
• the components A, B, C are pre-warmed to 23 °C. The beginning of foaming, i.e.
• the starting time is 20 sec since passing out through the nozzle.
• the average specific gravity of the 4 kg liquid is 1.3 kg/m 3 , its volume is 3.07 litre.
• the spraying in procedure always lasts for a shorter period of time than the starting time.
• nozzle 18 is put into the bore F and the foam-generating mixture of the invention is introduced into the cavity 22 with steady p(x) pressure, wherein x means the angular position of the piston 13a while the insulation material 25 elements remained in the cavity 22 are washed to the wall of the cavity, and the cavity 22 is filled with the foam-generating mixture.
• the advantage of the equipment 1 and the method of the invention, compared to the prior art is that by the use of the multicomponent liquid foam-generating ther- mal insulation repair substance of the invention serving the repair of the mineral wool thermal insulation 24 arranged in the wall structure 19 the disadvantages of the methods of the prior art can be eliminated, because it is fire resistant, doesn't change its volume even in case of temperature fluctuations, it is not hygroscopic at all, and totally fills the incomplete volume of the heat insulation 24, the cavity 22, without re- suiting in pressure load, and without swelling in the course of hardening. Its further advantage is that the repair material of the invention can be introduced into the wall structure 19 containing the heat insulation layer 24, without totally exploring the wall structure 19 on the site of the deficiency.
• the open cell, dimensionally stable foam generated from the liquid sprayed in is extremely close to the nominal parameters of the previously built in mineral wool product, the energetic relations of the repaired wall structure do not change com- pared to the design parameters, thermal bridges do not form in the environment of the repair, since the ⁇ thermal conductivity factor of the foam generated from the foam-generating mixture of the invention with thermal insulation characteristics is 0.041 W/mK, which is in very good correlation with the 0.036-0.041 W/mK ⁇ thermal conductivity factor of the mineral wool thermal insulations.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Building Environments (AREA)
• Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=89990987

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Families Citing this family (1)

Family Cites Families (13)

• 2012
  • 2012-12-27 HU HU1200783A patent/HU230778B1/hu active IP Right Revival
• 2013
  • 2013-12-19 EP EP13826583.0A patent/EP2943516A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2013-12-19 WO PCT/HU2013/000129 patent/WO2014102557A2/en not_active Ceased

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events