EP2933443A1 - Dispositif de refroidissement pour un condensateur d'un système pour un cycle thermodynamique, système pour un cycle thermodynamique, agencement doté d'un moteur à combustion interne et d'un système, véhicule, et procédé d'exécution d'un cycle thermodynamique - Google Patents

Dispositif de refroidissement pour un condensateur d'un système pour un cycle thermodynamique, système pour un cycle thermodynamique, agencement doté d'un moteur à combustion interne et d'un système, véhicule, et procédé d'exécution d'un cycle thermodynamique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2933443A1
EP2933443A1 EP15000486.9A EP15000486A EP2933443A1 EP 2933443 A1 EP2933443 A1 EP 2933443A1 EP 15000486 A EP15000486 A EP 15000486A EP 2933443 A1 EP2933443 A1 EP 2933443A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooling
cooling medium
condenser
branch
cooling device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15000486.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Niklas Waibel
Daniel Stecher
Jens Niemeyer
Max Lorenz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rolls Royce Solutions GmbH
Original Assignee
MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH filed Critical MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH
Publication of EP2933443A1 publication Critical patent/EP2933443A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/04—Condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/065—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle the combustion taking place in an internal combustion piston engine, e.g. a diesel engine

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cooling device for a condenser of a system for thermodynamic cycle according to claim 1, a system for a thermodynamic cycle according to claim 8, an arrangement of an internal combustion engine and such a system according to claim 10, a motor vehicle with a corresponding arrangement according to claim 11 , and a method for performing a thermodynamic cycle according to claim 13.
  • Thermodynamic cycles of the type discussed here are known per se.
  • a working medium is heated in an evaporator, in particular evaporated and then expanded in an expansion device, wherein recorded in the evaporator heat of the working medium is converted into mechanical energy.
  • the working medium is cooled in a condenser, in particular condensed, and in turn fed to the evaporator.
  • the organic Rankine cycle for example, essentially corresponds to the Rankine cycle, but it is suitable for lower operating temperatures. It is therefore particularly suitable for the use of waste heat, for example of industrial processes or of internal combustion engines.
  • a cooling device is provided in order to cool the working medium in the condenser, in particular to condense.
  • This may for example be designed as air cooling, wherein a cooling capacity of the cooling device is set in this case by a control of a fan.
  • the disadvantage of this is that the fan has a very high energy consumption.
  • the cooling device provides a direct connection between the condenser and an external heat reservoir, for example in the form of tap water, river water or seawater. In this case, the available cooling capacity for the condenser is fixed so that it is limited to operation at a certain temperature level and thus a certain condensation pressure is. This requires in many operating points of a system for operating the thermodynamic cycle a reduced compared to a possible maximum power output.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a cooling device by which the disadvantages mentioned are avoidable.
  • the invention is also based on the object to provide a corresponding system, an arrangement of an internal combustion engine and a system, a motor vehicle, and a method for operating a thermodynamic cycle, wherein said disadvantages do not occur.
  • a cooling device with the features of claim 1.
  • This is designed for cooling a condenser of a system for operating a thermodynamic cycle, very preferably an organic Rankine cycle process - abbreviated to ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) - wherein the cooling device has a cooling medium circuit.
  • ORC Organic Rankine Cycle
  • the cooling device has a cooling medium circuit.
  • the cooling medium circuit has a cold branch upstream of a cooling point for the cooling medium and a warm branch downstream of the cooling point.
  • the cooling device is characterized according to a first embodiment in that the conveyor has a variable capacity.
  • the cooling capacity of the cooling device is always adaptable by varying the delivery rate of the conveyor to a current operating point of the system for the thermodynamic cycle, so that the temperature level and thus the condensation pressure in the condenser is always exactly adjustable.
  • the cooling medium circuit has a connecting line between the warm branch and the cold branch, wherein a mixing device is provided, through which a variable proportion of cooling medium from the warm branch via the connecting line, bypassing the cooling point the cold branch can be fed.
  • a temperature level of the cooling medium upstream of the capacitor is adjustable, which in turn the cooling capacity of the Cooling device can be adjusted. This is therefore always exactly and exactly adaptable to an operating point of the system in this way.
  • the cooling point designates a region of the cooling medium cycle in which the cooling medium is cooled, in particular recooled, in which case the heat absorbed in the condenser by the cooling medium is dissipated.
  • the cold branch of the cooling circuit connects the cooling point with the condenser, so that this cooled cooling medium can be supplied, wherein the warm branch connects the condenser with the cooling point, so that in the condenser heated cooling medium of the cooling point can be supplied for cooling.
  • the cooling device is so far not formed as an open system under direct connection of the condenser with the environment or an external heat reservoir, but as a recooled primary cooling circuit, which is cooled even in the area of the cooling point.
  • the conveyor is designed as a pump, wherein the delivery rate of the pump is variable by having a variable speed.
  • a variable proportion of cooling medium from the warm branch which is variable in the mixing device speaks in particular to a ratio of a volume flow of the cooling medium which flows via the connecting line to a volume flow which flows via the cooling point. It is obvious that so, in the mixing device from the cooling point approaching, cold cooling medium with upstream of the cooling point branched off, warm, from the condenser heranströmendem cooling medium can be mixed, so that finally the temperature of the condenser for cooling cooling medium supplied is adjustable.
  • a third embodiment of the cooling device in which both the conveyor has a variable capacity, and the cooling medium circuit has the connecting line between the warm branch and the cold branch, wherein the mixing device is provided, through which a variable proportion of cooling medium from the warm branch over the connecting line to the cold branch, bypassing the cooling point can be fed.
  • the cooling medium circuit has the connecting line between the warm branch and the cold branch, wherein the mixing device is provided, through which a variable proportion of cooling medium from the warm branch over the connecting line to the cold branch, bypassing the cooling point can be fed.
  • the conveyor has, in particular when it is designed as a variable speed pump, a much lower power consumption than is the case with a fan of an air-cooled condenser.
  • the cooling capacity of the cooling device proposed here is more precisely adjustable than is the case with air cooling by ambient air through a fan.
  • An embodiment of the cooling device is preferred, which is characterized in that the conveying device is designed as a controllable conveying device.
  • the flow of the cooling medium through the cooling medium circuit in particular the volume flow of cooling medium through the condenser, is particularly precisely adjustable.
  • a delivery line of the conveyor is controlled by the volume flow through the condenser.
  • the conveyor is designed as a controllable pump.
  • the speed of the pump is preferably adjustable, which represents a particularly simple embodiment of a controllable conveyor.
  • An embodiment of the cooling device is also preferred, which is characterized in that the connecting line branches off from the hot branch upstream of a recooling device, wherein the recooling device is set up for cooling the cooling medium in the cooling medium circuit.
  • the connecting line opens downstream of the recooling device in the cold branch.
  • the cooling point of the cooling device is realized in this embodiment by the recooling device, wherein preferably realized with the cooling medium circuit primary cooling circuit is connected heat-transmitting with a secondary cooling circuit.
  • the recooling means provides a thermal connection of the cooling medium circuit to an external heat reservoir.
  • the recooling device is preferably designed for using extraneous water or air as the cooling medium, in particular tap water, river water or seawater, or ambient air.
  • connection line branches off upstream of the recooling device from the warm branch, along the connecting line still uncooled, heated in the condenser cooling medium can be performed.
  • the connecting line opens downstream of the recooling device in the cold branch, at this point, is preferably provided to the mixing device, particularly efficient cold, flowing from the recooling cooling medium with warm, over the connecting line approaching cooling medium can be mixed.
  • the cooling device which is characterized in that the connecting line opens upstream of the conveyor in the cold branch.
  • the mixing device is preferably also arranged upstream of the conveying device, so that it conveys already mixed cooling medium with the temperature set in the mixing device. This proves to be particularly favorable and simpler than control technology, as if the connection line would open downstream of the conveyor in the cold branch, so that the conveyor only promotes cold cooling medium.
  • An embodiment of the cooling device is preferred, which is characterized in that the mixing device is designed as a three-way mixer, wherein the cold branch extends over a first and a second connection of the three-way mixer, wherein the connecting line into a third Connection of the three-way mixer opens.
  • the part of the cold branch coming from the cooling point opens into a first connection of the three-way mixer, the flow path of the cooling medium continuing from a second connection of the three-way mixer to the condenser.
  • the connection line is connected to the third connection of the three-way mixer so that cooling medium from the first and the third connection is mixed in the mixing device and supplied to the second connection.
  • This preferably has a first functional position, in which the first terminal is connected to the second terminal, wherein the third terminal is blocked.
  • the mixing device passes through only cold cooling medium, so far as a minimum temperature of the medium is realized.
  • the third connection is preferably connected to the second connection, wherein the first connection is blocked.
  • the mixing device only lets through warm cooling medium, so that in this respect a maximum temperature of the medium is realized.
  • Functional positions particularly preferably a continuum of functional positions, feasible, so that the temperature of the cooling medium through the mixing device is almost arbitrary or arbitrarily adjustable between the minimum fluid temperature and the maximum fluid temperature.
  • a cooling device is also preferred, which is characterized by a control device which is set up for setting a predefinable absolute or relative temperature level in a condenser of a system for operating a thermodynamic cycle, most preferably an ORC, by controlling the conveyor and / or by driving the mixing device.
  • the control device is particularly preferably set up for setting the temperature level by controlling both the conveyor and the mixing device.
  • an absolute temperature level is responsive to an absolute, predetermined temperature which is to be reached in the condenser or immediately downstream of a working medium outlet of the working medium condenser.
  • a relative temperature level preferably responds to a predetermined undercooling of the working fluid in the condenser or immediately downstream of the condenser, hence a predetermined difference in the working fluid temperature to a condensation point of the working fluid in the condenser. By deliberately setting the subcooling, it can be ensured that the working medium does not cavitate in a working medium pump of the system.
  • the absolute or relative temperature level in the condenser or immediately downstream of the condenser the system power yield can be optimized.
  • the cooling capacity which the cooling device has to apply to set a predeterminable temperature level, varies depending on the operating point of the system, in particular depending on a heat input into the system, since depending on the heat input into the evaporator, a smaller or larger amount of heat must be dissipated in the condenser. It should be using the here Proposed cooling device can be prevented in particular that more heat is dissipated than is necessary to achieve a predetermined supercooling of the working medium. Otherwise, this again has a negative effect on the power output of the system.
  • control device is set up for specifying the volume flow of the cooling medium via the regulation of the delivery rate of the delivery device and for specifying the cooling medium inlet temperature into the condenser by activating or regulating the mixing device.
  • control device very sensitively the cooling capacity of the cooling device, in particular by combined variation of the delivery rate and the temperature setting in the mixing device, adjustable, in particular controllable or adjustable.
  • An embodiment of the cooling device is preferred, which is characterized in that the control device is set up to optimize a power output of the system by controlling the conveyor and / or the mixing device.
  • the control device preferably has a feedback to at least one characteristic of the power output of the system parameters, so that the power output is directly optimized or regulated.
  • the cooling performance of the cooling device can always be optimally tuned to an existing operating point of the system.
  • the control device is set up to optimize a power output of the system by controlling both the conveyor and the mixing device.
  • thermodynamic cycle more preferably an organic Rankine cycle
  • a cooling device according to one of the previously described embodiments.
  • the advantages which have already been described in connection with the cooling device are realized for the system.
  • the system can be controlled by the cooling device at all operating points to an optimal power output.
  • the system preferably comprises a working fluid circuit along which - in this order - an evaporator, an expansion device, a condenser, and preferably a working fluid pump for conveying working fluid are arranged along the circuit.
  • the cooling device is operatively connected to the condenser for cooling working medium in the condenser.
  • the system also preferably includes at least one temperature sensor and / or at least one pressure sensor in the condenser or immediately downstream of the condenser - as seen along the working fluid circuit - operatively connected to the controller for controlling the refrigeration device.
  • a thermodynamic state of the working medium in the condenser can be detected, and the cooling capacity of the cooling device is adjustable, in particular controllable or controllable.
  • An exemplary embodiment of the system is preferred, which is characterized in that it is designed to utilize waste heat from an internal combustion engine.
  • an ORC is preferably carried out in the system. It is possible to use waste heat from an exhaust gas flow and / or from a coolant flow of the internal combustion engine. Alternatively, it is possible for the system to be configured to utilize waste heat or heat from another heat source, such as industrial waste heat and / or to use geothermal heat, preferably also by means of an ORC.
  • Ethanol is preferably provided as the working medium in the system. This is particularly suitable in operating points of the system, which are achieved when using waste heat from the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine and for an ORC.
  • This has an internal combustion engine and a system according to one of the embodiments described above.
  • the system with the internal combustion engine for the use of waste heat of the same is operatively connected.
  • the system can be used to convert the waste heat into mechanical and / or electrical energy, which is supplied to the internal combustion engine again, for example, a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, in particular by means of an electric motor, which is operatively connected to the crankshaft.
  • the energy converted in the system from the waste heat of the internal combustion engine to be supplied to an external consumer or a power grid.
  • the power grid is an on-board power supply system of a motor vehicle, which has the arrangement.
  • the internal combustion engine of the arrangement is preferably designed as a reciprocating engine.
  • the internal combustion engine is used to drive in particular heavy land or water vehicles, such as mine vehicles, trains, the internal combustion engine is used in a locomotive or a railcar, or ships. It is also possible to use the internal combustion engine to drive a defense vehicle, for example a tank.
  • An exemplary embodiment of the internal combustion engine is preferably also stationary, for example, used for stationary power supply in emergency operation, continuous load operation or peak load operation, the internal combustion engine in this case preferably drives a generator.
  • a stationary application of the internal combustion engine for driving auxiliary equipment, such as fire pumps on oil rigs, is possible.
  • the internal combustion engine in the field of promoting fossil raw materials and in particular fuels, for example oil and / or gas, possible. It is also possible to use the internal combustion engine in the industrial sector or in the field of construction, for example in a construction or construction machine, for example in a crane or an excavator.
  • the internal combustion engine is preferably designed as a diesel engine, as a gasoline engine, as a gas engine for operation with natural gas, biogas, special gas or another suitable gas.
  • the internal combustion engine when the internal combustion engine is designed as a gas engine, it is suitable for use in a cogeneration plant for stationary power generation.
  • the object is also achieved by providing a motor vehicle having the features of claim 11.
  • a motor vehicle having the features of claim 11.
  • This is characterized by an arrangement according to one of the embodiments described above.
  • the converted by the system energy from the waste heat of the engine can be used meaningful either to support the engine or for other purposes, for example, to supply an on-board network of the motor vehicle, with electrical energy.
  • the motor vehicle which is designed as a watercraft, in particular as a ship, preferably as a ferry.
  • waste heat is possible here in a particularly varied manner for operating various systems of the ship, in particular an on-board network or a ship's own power network or for supporting the internal combustion engine.
  • the recooling device can be realized in a watercraft in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner by using seawater or river water for recooling.
  • a quasi-inexhaustible heat reservoir is available for the recooling, so that an exact adjustment of the thermodynamic state of the working medium in the condenser does not fail in any case due to a lack of recooling capacity.
  • thermodynamic cycle more preferably an organic Rankine cycle
  • the method is in particular provided for operating a system according to one of the previously described embodiments.
  • the system - seen in this order along a working medium flow in a circuit of the system - an evaporator, an expansion device and a capacitor, wherein it further comprises a cooling device, preferably a cooling device according to one of the preceding embodiments.
  • a cooling capacity of the condenser is adjusted by controlling a conveyor of the cooling device with variable capacity, and / or by a mixing device for supplying a variable proportion of cooling medium from a warm branch of the cooling device via a connecting line to a cold branch of the cooling device is controlled.
  • the cooling capacity of the condenser is adjusted by controlling both the conveyor and the mixing device accordingly.
  • a pump in particular a pump with variable speed is preferably used in the context of the method, wherein the delivery rate of the pump is adjusted by varying the speed.
  • An embodiment of the method is preferred, which is characterized in that the delivery rate of the conveyor and / or a functional position of the mixing device is / are regulated. This allows a particularly accurate adjustment of the cooling capacity of the cooling device and thus at the same time the cooling capacity of the capacitor. Preferably, both the delivery rate of the conveyor and the functional position of the mixing device are regulated.
  • an embodiment of the method is preferred, which is characterized in that the cooling capacity of the cooling device is regulated to an optimum power output of the system and / or to a specifiable absolute or relative temperature level in the condenser or immediately downstream of the condenser in the working medium. This can be ensured in a particularly suitable and accurate way optimal power output in all operating points of the system.
  • cooling device and the system on the one hand and the method on the other hand are to be understood as complementary.
  • method steps that have been explained explicitly or implicitly in connection with the cooling device or the system preferably individually or combined with each other steps of a preferred embodiment of the method.
  • features of the cooling device or system that have been explicitly or implicitly explained in connection with the method are preferably individually or combined together features of a preferred embodiment of the cooling device or system.
  • the cooling device or the system are preferably distinguished by at least one feature which is caused by at least one method step of the method.
  • the method is preferably characterized by at least one method step, which is caused by at least one feature of the cooling device or of the system.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a motor vehicle 1, which has an arrangement 3 of an internal combustion engine 5 and a system 7 for operating a thermodynamic cycle, here in particular an organic Rankine cycle (ORC).
  • the motor vehicle 1 is preferably designed as a ship. Alternatively, however, an embodiment of the motor vehicle 1 as a rail vehicle, mining or construction vehicle, defense vehicle, commercial vehicle or as a passenger car is possible.
  • the application of the arrangement 3 is not limited to motor vehicles, but this can also be used in other areas, for example in stationary use of the internal combustion engine 5, for example, for operating pumps on a drilling rig for waste heat recovery.
  • system 7 is not limited to use in an arrangement with an internal combustion engine 5. Rather, this can otherwise be used for waste heat, for example, to use industrial waste heat, or for the use of other heat sources, such as geothermal heat.
  • the system 7 has a working medium circuit 9, along which - seen in the flow direction of the working medium - an evaporator 11, an expansion device 13, and a capacitor 15 are arranged.
  • the working medium can be conveyed by means of a working medium pump 17 along the working medium circuit 9.
  • Ethanol is preferably used as the working medium.
  • the expansion device 13 is preferably designed as a turbomachine or as a displacement machine, in particular as a turbine, as Hubkolbenexpander, as a vane machine, as Roots expander or as Scrollexpander. However, an embodiment of the expansion device 13 as a screw expander is particularly preferred.
  • the expansion device 13 is operatively connected to a generator 19 for converting mechanical energy obtained in the expansion device 13 into electrical energy.
  • the evaporator 11 is preferably operatively connected to the internal combustion engine 5 so that waste heat from the exhaust gas and / or the cooling circuit of the internal combustion engine 5, in particular waste heat from the exhaust gas thereof, in the evaporator 11 to the working medium of the system 7 can be fed.
  • a cooling medium circuit 23 For cooling the working medium in the condenser 15, in particular for the condensation of a cooling device 21 is provided with a cooling medium circuit 23.
  • a sensor device 25 for detecting a temperature and / or a pressure of the working medium in the condenser 15 is provided.
  • the expression "in the capacitor” always addresses not only a value directly within the capacitor 15, but also a value detected immediately downstream thereof, since these values differ from each other at most in a manner not relevant.
  • the sensor device 25 is operatively connected to a control device 27, which in turn is in turn operatively connected to the cooling device 21 for setting a cooling capacity thereof.
  • Fig. 2 1 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of the cooling device 21. Also shown is the condenser 15 and a working medium inlet 29 and a working medium outlet 31 to or from the condenser 15. A dashed line L indicates a system boundary between the condenser 15 and the rest of the system 7.
  • the cooling device 21 has the cooling medium circuit 23, which is designed as a primary cooling circuit. It is provided here as a pump designed conveyor 33 for conveying cooling medium along the cooling medium circuit 23, wherein the conveyor 33 has a variable capacity, here a variable speed for adjusting a volume flow of the cooling medium in the cooling medium circuit 23.
  • the cooling medium circuit 23 has a cold branch 35 - seen in the direction of the cooling medium flow - downstream of a cooling point 37, which is designed here as a recooling device 39, and a hot branch 41 upstream of the cooling point 37 on.
  • a connecting line 43 is arranged, and there is a mixing device 45, which is designed here as a three-way mixer 47, through which a variable proportion of a cooling medium from the warm branch 41 on the Connecting line 43 the cold branch 35 can be fed.
  • a functional position of the mixing device 45 is variably adjustable, so that a variable mixing ratio between the approaching through the connecting line 43, the warm cooling medium and the cold, approaching from the cooling point 37 cooling medium is adjustable.
  • the cold branch 35 extends via a first connection 49 to a second connection 51, wherein the connection line 43 opens into a third connection 53 of the three-way mixer 47.
  • connecting line 43 branches off from the warm branch 41 upstream of the recooling device 39, wherein it opens downstream of the recooling device 39 in the cold branch, in particular flows upstream of the conveyor 33 in this.
  • the recooling device 39 is designed for recooling the cooling medium by means of a recooling medium which can be conveyed through a recooling medium pump 55 along a recooling path 57, which is preferably designed as a secondary cooling circuit.
  • a recooling medium which can be conveyed through a recooling medium pump 55 along a recooling path 57, which is preferably designed as a secondary cooling circuit.
  • seawater is particularly preferably used, in particular in a design of the motor vehicle 1 as a ship. However, if the ship is designed as a river ship, preferably river water is used as recooling medium.
  • recooling medium air in particular ambient air
  • a heat connection with a other, external heat reservoir is used.
  • tap water is also possible as recooling medium.
  • the cooling medium circuit 23 also has a compensation reservoir 59 for the cooling medium.
  • FIG. 2 is also the control device 27 shown, which is operatively connected to the sensor device 25 for detecting a thermodynamic state of the working medium in the condenser 15, in particular for detecting a temperature and / or pressure of the working medium.
  • control device 27 is operatively connected to the mixing device 45 for controlling or regulating its functional position.
  • a temperature of the cooling medium downstream of the mixing device 45 and thus in particular a cooling medium inlet temperature in the condenser 15 can be controlled, at the same time by appropriate control of the conveyor 33, a volume flow of the cooling medium along the cooling medium circuit 23 and in particular by the capacitor 15 controlled is.
  • the cooling capacity of the cooling device 21 is thus preferably adjustable depending on an operating point of the system 7. Thus, it is possible to precisely adjust the state of the working fluid downstream of the condenser 15.
  • the temperature of the recooling medium in the recooling path 57 is typically not controllable or regulatable, but rather predetermined by external circumstances. This is evident when seawater or ambient air is used as the re-cooling medium.
  • water is preferably used in the cooling device 21 and in particular in the cooling medium circuit 23.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the method in the form of a control loop.
  • the target value 61 in the control loop is a desired value of a thermodynamic state variable of the working medium in the condenser 15, preferably a desired temperature or a desired subcooling of the working medium.
  • An actual value 63 of the thermodynamic state variable, which is preferably measured by the sensor device 25, is fed back to a comparison element 65, and a control deviation 67 between the target specification 61 and the actual value 63 is determined.
  • the target specification 61 is preferably taken from a characteristic field which is spanned by at least one operating parameter of the system 7 for characterizing its operating states. Alternatively, it is possible that a constant target specification 61 is selected for the operation of the system 7. In this case, the cooling capacity of the cooling device 21 in particular depends on a heat input in the evaporator 11.
  • the control deviation 67 is fed to a controller 69, which calculates two values for actuators on this basis, namely a first preset value 71 for a delivery rate of the conveyor 33, in particular a speed of the conveyor 33 designed as a pump, and a second default value 73 for controlling the mixer 45.
  • the two default values 71, 73 act on a controlled system 75, which in this case has, in particular, the mixing device 45 and the conveying device 33, and finally the condenser 15.
  • the delivery rate of the conveyor 33 and the functional position of the mixing device 45 are regulated to the default values 71, 73, which is not explicitly shown here. It is in this respect a subordinate regulation.
  • thermodynamic state variable of the working medium in the condenser 15 is established.
  • a cooling capacity of the condenser 15 of the system 7 is set in the context of the method by the conveyor 33 is driven with variable capacity, in addition to the mixing device 45 for supplying a variable proportion of cooling medium from the warm branch 41 via the connecting line 43 to the cold branch 35 is controlled.
  • the target specification 61 is preferably determined so that the system 7 has the highest possible power yield at all operating points. If the target specification 61 is taken from a characteristic map, this preferably has values for the target specification 61 at which the system 7 has its optimum operating point Has power output. Accordingly, the cooling capacity of the cooling device 21 is regulated in particular for optimum performance of the system 7.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
EP15000486.9A 2014-03-31 2015-02-19 Dispositif de refroidissement pour un condensateur d'un système pour un cycle thermodynamique, système pour un cycle thermodynamique, agencement doté d'un moteur à combustion interne et d'un système, véhicule, et procédé d'exécution d'un cycle thermodynamique Withdrawn EP2933443A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014206026.5A DE102014206026A1 (de) 2014-03-31 2014-03-31 Kühleinrichtung für einen Kondensator eines Systems für einen thermodynamischen Kreisprozess, System für einen thermodynamischen Kreisprozess, Anordnung mit einer Brennkraftmaschine und einem System, Kraftfahrzeug, und ein Verfahren zum Durchführen eines thermodynamischen Kreisprozesses

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EP2933443A1 true EP2933443A1 (fr) 2015-10-21

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EP15000486.9A Withdrawn EP2933443A1 (fr) 2014-03-31 2015-02-19 Dispositif de refroidissement pour un condensateur d'un système pour un cycle thermodynamique, système pour un cycle thermodynamique, agencement doté d'un moteur à combustion interne et d'un système, véhicule, et procédé d'exécution d'un cycle thermodynamique

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US (1) US20150276284A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2933443A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102014206026A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

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