EP2932087B1 - Soupape d'injection de carburant - Google Patents

Soupape d'injection de carburant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2932087B1
EP2932087B1 EP13779192.7A EP13779192A EP2932087B1 EP 2932087 B1 EP2932087 B1 EP 2932087B1 EP 13779192 A EP13779192 A EP 13779192A EP 2932087 B1 EP2932087 B1 EP 2932087B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control valve
fuel injection
valve seat
fuel
injection valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13779192.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2932087A1 (fr
Inventor
Lars Olems
Stefan Schuerg
Robert Barunovic
Ronny Leonhardt
Wolfgang Stoecklein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP2932087A1 publication Critical patent/EP2932087A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/007—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
    • F02M63/0077—Valve seat details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/28—Details of throttles in fuel-injection apparatus

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection valve, as it is preferably used for injection of fuel in combustion chambers of internal combustion engines.
  • Fuel injection valves as they are preferably used to inject fuel under high pressure into combustion chambers of internal combustion engines, are known from the prior art, for example from the published patent application DE 198 27 267 A1 and EP2019198 A2 ,
  • the fuel injection valves comprise a nozzle needle which cooperates with a nozzle seat for opening and closing at least one injection opening.
  • the nozzle needle is thereby moved directly or indirectly by the pressure in a control chamber in the longitudinal direction and thus opens and closes the injection openings, wherein the control chamber via a control valve with a low pressure space is connectable.
  • the control valve comprises an electrically controllable actuator which actuates a control valve member which opens and closes a drainage bore connecting the control chamber to the low pressure space.
  • the prior art fuel injector has a control valve member that includes a sealing ball that cooperates with a control valve seat to open and close the drain hole.
  • the sealing ball acts together with a conical control valve seat, so that between the control valve seat and the sealing ball a flow cross-section is controlled, through which the fuel flows from the drain hole in the low-pressure chamber.
  • the injection when using the fuel injection valve in a high-speed, self-igniting internal combustion engine, it is essential that the injection is very precise, d. H. at a specific time and with the exact duration.
  • the injection is often divided into two or more partial injections, which is achieved by correspondingly fast opening and closing of the control valve.
  • the control valve To relieve the control room as quickly as possible and refill with fuel under high pressure after closing the control valve, the control valve must release the drain hole as soon as possible and close again, which is possible the faster the smaller the stroke, the Pass control valve member, since the length of the stroke is received directly in the switching time.
  • the forces necessary to move the control valve member should be kept as low as possible because the structure is e.g. a strong magnetic force requires high currents, which can be switched only relatively slowly.
  • the sealing ball has the largest possible diameter, and the sealing line on which the control valve member, so here the sealing ball rests on the control valve seat, has the largest possible diameter.
  • a large flow cross-section is already opened at low lift.
  • the diameter is made large, the control valve member will be exposed to a high opening force by the high fuel pressure from the side of the control space which pushes the control valve member away from the control valve seat.
  • control valve member loading spring must be provided, which in turn must be suppressed by a very strong electromagnet or piezoelectric actuator, which requires high currents and thus high energy and has a negative effect on the switching time of the control valve.
  • the fuel injection valve according to the invention has the advantage that the switching time compared to the known control valves is significantly reduced without the required forces are increased to move the control valve member.
  • the fuel injection valve has a control valve which controls the flow of fuel through a drainage bore connecting the control chamber to a low pressure space, the control valve comprising a movable sealing member which cooperates with a control valve seat and closes or opens a drainage bore, the seal happens along a boundary length.
  • the boundary length encloses a cross-sectional area, and the relationship is that the quotient of the square of the boundary length and the cross-sectional area is greater than 4 ⁇ ⁇ . This ratio is always met at an outlet opening of a drain hole when the outlet opening is not circular.
  • a drain hole with a corresponding outlet opening a plurality of drain holes are provided, all of which open into the low-pressure chamber and are all closed by the control valve member in contact with the control valve seat.
  • the quotient of the sum of the squares of the boundary lengths of the respective outlet openings and the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the individual drain holes must be greater than 4 ⁇ ⁇ .
  • the effect here is the same as in the provision of a non-circular outlet opening of the drain hole, namely, that the controlled flow cross-section is greater than when the same flow cross-section is formed by a single circular drain opening.
  • the Control valve seat formed flat, which is easy to manufacture, even if several drain holes are provided.
  • the sealing element which cooperates with its sealing surface with the control valve seat, is also formed flat in an advantageous manner. The Berandungsin the individual drain holes or the outlet openings are identical in this case with the outlet openings in the control valve seat and can be easily and inexpensively.
  • a plurality of drain holes are provided, and their outlet openings in the control valve seat are arranged in a circle around a center.
  • the outflow of fuel from the drain holes can be done in this case, both inward and outward, so that a particularly large flow area is achieved.
  • the drain hole or the drain holes are advantageously formed so that they have a throttle function, which are necessary for the operation of the respective fuel injection valve.
  • a throttle function which are necessary for the operation of the respective fuel injection valve.
  • FIG. 1 a fuel injection valve known from the prior art is shown schematically in longitudinal section.
  • the fuel injection valve has a housing 1, which comprises a holding body 2 and a nozzle body 3, which are clamped liquid-tight against each other by a tensioning device, not shown in the drawing.
  • a pressure chamber 5 is formed, which is connected via a high-pressure line 12 to a high-pressure accumulator 13 and is always filled with fuel under high pressure during operation of the fuel injection valve.
  • the high pressure accumulator 13 is in turn supplied via a high pressure pump 14 with compressed fuel, which sucks the high pressure pump 14 from a tank 15 via a line 16.
  • a piston-shaped nozzle needle 6 is arranged longitudinally displaceable, which is guided in a guide portion 106 in the nozzle body 3.
  • the fuel flow through the pressure chamber 5 in the region of the guide section 106 is ensured by a plurality of polished sections 18 on the nozzle needle 6.
  • the nozzle needle 6 has at its combustion chamber end, a sealing surface 19, with which it cooperates with a nozzle seat 20 which has a conical shape in this embodiment and in which a plurality of injection openings 22 are formed, which are closed by the nozzle needle 8, if in Attachment to the nozzle seat 20 is. Facing away from the nozzle seat 20, the nozzle needle 6 is guided in the bore 8 of a valve piece 7, which closes the pressure chamber 5 away from the valve seat.
  • the valve member 7 is in turn fixed by an intermediate body 9 by a closing plate 4 which is screwed into the holding body 3, fixed within the housing 1.
  • the valve member 7 also separates the pressure chamber 5 from a low pressure chamber 29, in which a control valve 10 is arranged and which is connected via a drain line 37 to the fuel tank 15 and thereby always maintained at low pressure.
  • a control chamber 25 is limited, which is connected via an inlet bore 27 which is formed in the valve member 7 with the pressure chamber 5.
  • a drain hole 28 is also provided, which connects the control chamber 25 with the low-pressure chamber 29.
  • the drain hole 28 in this case has an outlet throttle 128, which is formed within the drain hole 28, so that the flow of fuel is only throttled by the drain hole.
  • the drain hole 28 opens into a control valve seat 33, which is formed on the valve piece 7 and has a conical shape, and forms there an outlet opening 228, as shown in more detail in FIG. 2 is shown.
  • the control valve 29 which includes a magnet armature 30, to which a sealing ball 32 is fixed, which cooperates with the conical control valve seat 33.
  • the armature 30 is acted upon by a spring 35 in the direction of the control valve seat 33 with a closing force and can be moved by means of an electromagnet 31 against the force of the spring 35 so that the sealing ball 32, the outlet opening 228 of the drain hole 28 releases. Since the drain hole 28 is formed rotationally symmetrical, the outlet opening 228 forms a circle on which the sealing ball 32 bears sealingly when it is in the closed position in contact with the control valve seat 33.
  • the control valve 10 is closed, so that in the control chamber 25, the same high fuel pressure prevails as in the pressure chamber 5, which presses the nozzle needle 6 against the nozzle seat 20 and thus closes the injection openings 22. If an injection takes place, then the electromagnet 31 is energized and attracts the armature 30 against the force of the spring 35. The sealing ball 32 thus lifts off from the control valve seat 33 and releases the outlet opening 228 of the drain hole 28.
  • the outflowing fuel from the control chamber 25 can drop the fuel pressure in the control chamber 25, although constantly fuel flows through the inlet bore 27, but this inflow is less than the outflow through the drain hole 28.
  • FIG. 3 shows the valve piece 7 of a fuel injection valve according to the invention, in which compared to the in FIG. 1 shown fuel injection valve only the valve piece 7 and cooperating with the control valve seat 33 formed thereon sealing member 40 have been changed.
  • the valve member 7 is here constructed in two parts and, in addition to the actual valve piece 7, which receives the nozzle needle 6, still a valve section 7 ', in which the outlet throttle 128 is formed here.
  • the control valve seat 33 is in contrast to that in FIG FIG. 1 shown embodiment designed as a flat seat, in which the outlet opening 228 of the drain hole 28 is arranged centrally.
  • a sealing element is provided here for cooperation with the control valve seat 33, which has a hemispherical shape, wherein the flat side of the hemisphere faces the control valve seat 33.
  • the outlet opening 228 of the drain hole 28 is rectangular in this embodiment, as shown in FIG FIG. 3a in a plan view of the valve section 7 'is shown.
  • the rectangular outlet opening 228 has a length a and a width b , because the rectangular outlet opening 228 is completely covered by the sealing element 40 in the closed position of the control valve and thereby sealed.
  • outlet opening 228 The longer the outlet opening 228 is in this exemplary embodiment, ie, the smaller b in relation to a, the larger the controlled outflow cross section of the control valve for a given cross-sectional area A of the outlet opening 228.
  • FIG. 3b the portion of the drain hole 28 is shown in cross-section, which is formed in the valve portion 7 ', wherein the representation relative to the in FIG. 3 turned 90 degrees.
  • the drain hole in this illustration shows a funnel shape, which forms the transition from the cylindrical drain hole 28 within the valve piece 7 to the rectangular outlet opening 228 on the control valve seat 33.
  • the valve piece 7 is divided depends on the shape of the drain hole 28 and the available manufacturing process. It can also be provided that the valve member 7 shown here and the valve section 7 'are integrally formed.
  • the outflow of the fuel within the drain hole 28 is turbulent in a fuel injection valve, that is, the influence of the surface of the drain hole 28 is of minor importance for a given cross-sectional area.
  • the fuel thus flows via the drainage bore 28 with approximately the same resistance as a circular drainage bore having the same cross-sectional area.
  • FIG. 4 is a further embodiment of the fuel injection valve according to the invention shown, in which case only the valve section 7 'is shown in cross section. Instead of a single drain hole here a plurality of drain holes 28 'is provided, which open into the control valve seat 33.
  • FIG. 4a in a plan view of the valve section 7 ', the drain holes 28' and their outlet openings 228 'are arranged in a circle around the center of the valve section 7'.
  • Each of these outlet openings 228 ' analogous to the embodiment of the FIG. 3 a boundary length U i and a cross-sectional area A i . Accordingly, the relationship applies here that the quotient of the sum of the squares of the boundary lengths U i and the sum of the cross-sectional areas A i of the individual drain holes 28 'is greater than 4 ⁇ ⁇ : ⁇ i U i 2 ⁇ i A i > 4 ⁇
  • At least one exit opening is not circular.
  • the sealing element 40 Unlike the in FIG. 3 shown embodiment, the sealing element 40 'here have an annular disk-shaped surface, since so the tread surface on the control valve seat 33 is reduced, which increases surface pressure and thus improves the sealing function.
  • the drain holes 28 'of the embodiment of FIG. 4 can also be designed so that they take over the necessary for the function of the fuel injection valve throttle function, that is, that a separate outlet throttle, as for example in FIG. 3 is shown, can be omitted.
  • FIG. 5 is shown a further embodiment, this embodiment of the in the FIG. 3 only differs in that an annular groove 44 is provided in the control valve seat 33.
  • This annular groove 44 limits the effective control valve seat on which the sealing element 40 is seated, which improves the sealing function.
  • the outflowing fuel which is indicated by arrows, can be set in turbulence and thereby braked, so that a throttling function is provided by the annular groove 44, which can replace the function of the outlet throttle, so that a separate outlet throttle within the drain hole 28 is not necessary ,
  • the annular groove 44 can also be fluidically connected to the low-pressure side, that is, to the low-pressure space 29, for example, by a radial direction This prevents the control valve seat 33 is undermined by the inevitable wear with pressure and the acted upon by high pressure from the drain hole 28 surface of the sealing element 40 too strong elevated.
  • the hydraulic opening force on the sealing element 40 or the armature 30 can thus always be kept below a limit, for example, below the spring force with which the magnet armature 30 is pressed by the spring 35 against the control valve seat 33. This ensures the tightness of the control valve 29 over the entire life.
  • control valve seat 33 is not flat, but for example, has a slight conical shape, which cooperates with a corresponding conical sealing element. This allows a centering function of the sealing element with respect to the control valve seat 33, so that a part of the guide function for the armature 30 is thereby adopted.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Soupape d'injection de carburant avec une soupape de commande (10) pour la commande d'un flux de carburant à travers un trou d'écoulement (28), trou d'écoulement (28) à travers lequel du carburant est envoyé hors d'une chambre de commande (10) dans une chambre à basse pression (29) et trou d'écoulement (28) qui débouche dans un siège de soupape de commande (33) et y forme une ouverture de sortie (228), dans laquelle la soupape de commande (10) comprend un élément d'étanchéité mobile (40), qui coopère avec le siège de soupape de commande (33; 33') et qui, par application sur le siège de soupape de commande (33; 33'), ferme l'ouverture de sortie (228) du trou d'écoulement (28), caractérisée en ce que, dans l'état fermé de la soupape de commande (10), l'élément d'étanchéité (40) ferme le trou d'écoulement (28) le long d'une longueur de contour extérieur (U) par rapport à la chambre à basse pression (29) et la longueur de contour extérieur (U) entoure une aire de section transversale (A), dans laquelle le quotient entre le carré de la longueur de contour extérieur (U2) et l'aire de section transversale (A) est supérieur à 4·π.
  2. Soupape d'injection de carburant avec une soupape de commande (10) pour la commande d'un flux de carburant à travers plusieurs trous d'écoulement (28'), trous d'écoulement (28') à travers lesquels du carburant est envoyé hors d'une chambre de commande (10) dans une chambre à basse pression (29) et trous d'écoulement (28') qui débouchent dans un siège de soupape de commande (33) et y forment des ouvertures de sortie (228'), dans laquelle la soupape de commande (10) comprend un élément d'étanchéité mobile (40), qui coopère avec le siège de soupape de commande (33; 33') et qui, par application sur le siège de soupape de commande (33; 33'), ferme les ouvertures de sortie (228') des trous d'écoulement (28'),
    caractérisée en ce que l'élément d'étanchéité (40) ferme les ouvertures de sortie (228') des multiples trous d'écoulement (28') respectivement le long d'une longueur de contour extérieur (Ui) par rapport à la chambre à basse pression (29) et chaque longueur de contour extérieur (Ui) entoure respectivement une aire de section transversale (Ai), dans laquelle le quotient entre la somme des carrés des diverses longueurs de contour extérieur (Ui 2) et la somme des aires de section transversale (Ai) est supérieur à 4·π.
  3. Soupape d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que le siège de soupape de commande (33) est de forme plate.
  4. Soupape d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que l'élément d'étanchéité (40) présente une face d'étanchéité plate (41), avec laquelle il coopère avec le siège de soupape de commande (33).
  5. Soupape d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que les ouvertures de sortie (228') des trous d'écoulement (28') sont disposées en forme de cercle dans le siège de soupape de commande (33).
  6. Soupape d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le trou d'écoulement (28) présente une ouverture de sortie rectangulaire (228).
  7. Soupape d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le trou d'écoulement (28) présente une ouverture de sortie ovale (228).
  8. Soupape d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que le trou d'écoulement (28) ou les trous d'écoulement (28') est/sont réalisé(s) de telle manière qu'il/ils présente(nt) une fonction d'étranglement, qui est nécessaire pour le fonctionnement de la soupape d'injection de carburant respective.
EP13779192.7A 2012-12-14 2013-10-15 Soupape d'injection de carburant Active EP2932087B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201210223259 DE102012223259A1 (de) 2012-12-14 2012-12-14 Kraftstoffeinspritzventil
PCT/EP2013/071492 WO2014090444A1 (fr) 2012-12-14 2013-10-15 Soupape d'injection de carburant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2932087A1 EP2932087A1 (fr) 2015-10-21
EP2932087B1 true EP2932087B1 (fr) 2017-03-01

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ID=49385247

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13779192.7A Active EP2932087B1 (fr) 2012-12-14 2013-10-15 Soupape d'injection de carburant

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2932087B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102012223259A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014090444A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6677194B2 (ja) * 2017-03-03 2020-04-08 株式会社デンソー 燃料噴射弁

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19827267A1 (de) 1998-06-18 1999-12-23 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoff-Einspritzventil für Hochdruck-Einspritzung mit verbesserter Steuerung der Kraftstoffzufuhr
DE102007034318A1 (de) * 2007-07-24 2009-01-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injektor
DE102007038138A1 (de) * 2007-08-13 2009-02-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Steuerventil für einen Kraftstoffinjektor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2932087A1 (fr) 2015-10-21
DE102012223259A1 (de) 2014-06-18
WO2014090444A1 (fr) 2014-06-19

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