EP2931940B1 - Revetement en email comportant des particules anisotropes et article culinaire muni d'un tel revetement - Google Patents

Revetement en email comportant des particules anisotropes et article culinaire muni d'un tel revetement Download PDF

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EP2931940B1
EP2931940B1 EP13815080.0A EP13815080A EP2931940B1 EP 2931940 B1 EP2931940 B1 EP 2931940B1 EP 13815080 A EP13815080 A EP 13815080A EP 2931940 B1 EP2931940 B1 EP 2931940B1
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Prior art keywords
particles
article
enamel
support
layer
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2931940A2 (fr
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Aurélien BERRUX
Michel Fontaine
Jean-Luc Perillon
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SEB SA
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SEB SA
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23D—ENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS
    • C23D5/00—Coating with enamels or vitreous layers
    • C23D5/06—Coating with enamels or vitreous layers producing designs or letters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/20—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by magnetic fields
    • B05D3/207—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by magnetic fields post-treatment by magnetic fields

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to an article provided with an enamel coating incorporating anisotropic particles (of flake or fiber type) and which can be used on any type of substrate, in particular metal.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for applying such a coating to a support.
  • the field targeted is primarily that of heating articles.
  • heating article is meant, within the meaning of the present invention, an article which has its own heating system, or an article which is heated by an external system and which is able to transmit the calorific energy provided by this system to a third-party material or object in contact with said article, or else an article which is intended to receive another previously heated article.
  • heating articles that can be used according to the present invention
  • culinary articles such as sauté pans, saucepans, woks, crepe pans, stewpans, pots, casserole dishes, etc.
  • lids heated bowls and mixing bowls of food or drink preparation appliances can also relate to any other type of surface and articles, such as table articles such as trivets, soleplates of an iron, curling irons, and straightening irons, radiators, towel rails or wood-burning stoves, or barbecue plates, barbecue chests or barbecue tubs, flat heater hoods.
  • Enamel coatings are particularly appreciated in the field of heating articles, in particular culinary articles, and in that of irons, and more specifically iron soleplates.
  • enamel coating is therefore an ideal compromise for coating the metal cap of an iron soleplate because it has good thermal resistance, a low friction coefficient that changes little with temperature, hydrophilic behavior and resistance to hydrolysis.
  • the disadvantage of enamel coatings for applications of the iron type lies in their low resistance to shocks. Indeed, it may appear at the level of the coated edge of the enamelled cap (and more particularly on the periphery of the coated cap), small chips of enamel, in particular if the coating is subject to shocks caused by handling. Small chips of enamel may also appear through repeated contact on metal parts attached to textiles to be ironed (buttonholes, press studs, zippers, etc.).
  • Enamel coatings are also particularly appreciated in the field of cookware because they make it possible to obtain colored coatings which not only have good dishwasher resistance, high flame and scratch resistance, but also a primordial decorative element, very often decisive in the consumer's choice. However, they have the drawback of flaking off easily at certain particularly sensitive zones, which are the zones of high stress on the cooking utensil. These zones are generally located in the zones of curvature of the article or in the zones of connection with the handle or handles.
  • enamel coatings also have the disadvantage of having a different thermal expansion depending on the position of the flame at the bottom of the article. However, it is important that the coating has a homogeneous thermal expansion, otherwise microcracks are generated which are detrimental to resistance to the dishwasher.
  • an enamel coating comprising flakes, and more generally particles of anisotropic shape, which are oriented essentially perpendicular to the coating formed in the sensitive areas.
  • particles essentially perpendicular to the coating is meant, within the meaning of the present invention, particles which are mainly inclined at an angle ⁇ between 20° and 90°, preferably between 45 and 90°, and better still between 60 and 90 ° in relation to the average plane of the coating.
  • the subject of the present invention is a heating article comprising a support having two opposite faces, at least one of which is covered with a protective coating, characterized in that said protective coating comprises at least one layer of enamel in which particles of anisotropic shape are dispersed, the enamel layer comprising at least one zone in which the anisotropic particles are essentially perpendicular to the enamel layer in the form of a film.
  • the particles of anisotropic shape can advantageously represent 0.05 to 10%, preferably 0.1 to 7%, and better still 1 to 5% by weight of the total weight of the enamel layer. Ideally, the particles of anisotropic shape represent 2 to 3% by weight of the total weight of the enamel layer.
  • particles of anisotropic shape is meant within the meaning of the present invention particles whose characteristic dimensions are not identical in all directions, such as for example fibers (of essentially one-dimensional shape) or flakes (of essentially two-dimensional or flat shape )
  • particles essentially perpendicular to the film is meant within the meaning of the present invention, particles which are mainly inclined at an angle ⁇ of between 20° and 90° relative to the mean plane of the film.
  • Such an orientation of the anisotropic particles can be obtained in different ways, depending on the type of anisotropic particles used.
  • the orientation essentially perpendicular to the coating layer can for example result from a positioning linked to the method of application of the coating, as by example orientation through a one-way applicator such as a micro-nozzle.
  • the essentially perpendicular orientation of the anisotropic particles with respect to the coating layer can result from a consecutive or simultaneous positioning with the application of the coating, such as for example the orientation of magnetizable particles under the effect of a magnetic field or electrisable particles under the effect of an electric field.
  • magnetizable particles is meant, within the meaning of the present invention, particles capable of being oriented under the effect of a magnetic field.
  • the magnetizable particles can come in different natures.
  • the magnetizable particles can advantageously be particles comprising at least one ferromagnetic metal.
  • They can be of a homogeneous nature, that is to say made up of the same material, or of a composite nature, that is to say that the magnetizable particles have a core-envelope structure, in which the ferromagnetic metal is in the core and/or in the envelope of said particles.
  • composite magnetizable particles mention may in particular be made of mica flakes coated with a ferromagnetic material, such as for example mica flakes coated with a ferrite of the form (MO, Fe2O3) where M is a metal divalent, for example mica flakes coated with Fe 3 O 4 (magnetite) or Fe 2 O 3 , or FeO.
  • M is a metal divalent
  • Fe 3 O 4 magnetite
  • Fe 2 O 3 iron oxide
  • FeO FeO
  • Other materials with ferromagnetic properties can also be used: for example, mention may be made of cobalt, nickel, or the Heussler alloy consisting solely of non-ferromagnetic metals (61% Cu, 24% Mn, 15% Al) , or certain rare earths such as lanthanides, copper-manganese and aluminum oxides.
  • coated mica flakes lies in the fact that they are particularly resistant to the high firing temperature of enamels for metals, namely temperatures ranging from 550°C for enamels on aluminum to 850°C for enamels on steel or cast iron.
  • these mica flakes offer better resistance to the alkalinity of the enamel slips obtained by hydrolysis (for example an enamel slip for aluminum has a pH of 13).
  • Mention may also be made of stainless steel fibers coated with a sol-gel material, as protection against corrosion during the stages of implementation of the coating, or flakes whose core is made of ferromagnetic metal and the envelope is made of a sol-gel material.
  • the coating according to the invention can also advantageously comprise non-magnetizable particles to improve the reinforcement of the coating.
  • non-magnetizable particles is meant, within the meaning of the present invention, non-magnetizable or weakly magnetizable particles having a zero or weak magnetic moment (less than 1 emu/g).
  • non-magnetizable particles can be of any shape (spherical, fibers or flakes or “irregular”), of micrometric or even nanometric size.
  • non-magnetizable particles that can be used in the context of the present invention, mention may in particular be made of mica flakes, and mica or silica flakes coated with titanium dioxide.
  • the protective coating of the present invention may further advantageously comprise, adjacent to the zone in which the particles are essentially perpendicular to the enamel coating layer, at least one zone in which the particles are arranged in an essentially parallel and/or random to the layer of enamel in the form of a film, so as to reinforce the sensitive areas.
  • particles essentially parallel to the enamel coating layer is meant within the meaning of the present invention, particles which are predominantly inclined at an angle ⁇ of between 0° and 20° with respect to the coating layer.
  • the enamel layer of the protective coating according to the invention may comprise a single continuous layer intended to be placed on a support.
  • finishing layer is meant, within the meaning of the present invention, a layer which is intended to be in contact with the environment.
  • Such an embodiment has the advantage of mechanically reinforcing each layer and the mechanical connection between each layer.
  • the underlayer can have a thickness of between 5 and 30 ⁇ m, and the topcoat or layers may have a thickness of between 20 and 60 ⁇ m.
  • the underlayer can have a thickness of between 5 and 30 ⁇ m
  • the middle enamel layer can have a thickness of between 20 and 60 ⁇ m.
  • the layer of magnetizable varnish can advantageously have a thickness of between 15 and 40 ⁇ m
  • the layer of protective varnish can have a thickness of between 10 and 20 ⁇ m.
  • colored layer (whether it is an undercoat, a finishing coat or a varnish coat), it is meant within the meaning of the present invention a layer comprising at least one opaque pigment chosen from thermostable pigments such as for example spinels, ceramic pigments, oxides, organometallics such as ultramarine blue, pigments in micaceous or silicon flakes (non-magnetizable), metal salts , thermochromic semiconductor pigments and mixtures thereof.
  • thermostable pigments such as for example spinels, ceramic pigments, oxides, organometallics such as ultramarine blue, pigments in micaceous or silicon flakes (non-magnetizable), metal salts , thermochromic semiconductor pigments and mixtures thereof.
  • the enamel layer of the protective coating of the heating article according to the invention may also comprise a discontinuous outer enamel layer, which is screen-printed or pad-printed.
  • the external enamel layer can also comprise rounded fillers, which are advantageously spherical with a diameter of between 5 and 40 ⁇ m, and preferably between 15 and 20 ⁇ m, the thickness of the outer layer varying between 10 and 30 ⁇ m. These beads protrude from the surface of the outer enamel layer.
  • rounded fillers or balls that can be used in the outer enamel layer according to the invention, mention may in particular be made of balls made of stainless steel, copper, bronze or refractory steel.
  • the rounded fillers are advantageously present in the outer layer of enamel at a rate of 1 to 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the outer layer. These rounded fillers make it possible both to increase the wear resistance of the enamel coating and to reduce (when the fillers are flush with the surface of the enamel layer) the coefficient of friction due to the decrease the contact surface between the article and the cooking plate and the lesser hardness of the balls compared to that of the enamel layer. Thus, the coating is easily cleanable and presents no risk of scratching sensitive surfaces such as ceramic or induction hobs.
  • the latter can be made of a material chosen from among metals, glass and ceramics.
  • another subject of the present invention is a process for the manufacture, on a support of a heating article, of a coating comprising at least one layer of enamel in which particles of anisotropic shape are dispersed, characterized in that it comprises a step of orienting said anisotropic particles by a physical means (for example by application of an electric or magnetic field) or mechanical means (for example during the application of the coating using one-way applicator such as a micro-nozzle) in at least one area of the enamel layer.
  • a physical means for example by application of an electric or magnetic field
  • mechanical means for example during the application of the coating using one-way applicator such as a micro-nozzle
  • the support and the anisotropic particles are as defined above.
  • the magnetizable particles are as defined above.
  • step d) of orientation of the magnetizable particles is therefore a magnetization step carried out by application of a magnetic field, which is carried out either during the application of the enamel composition, or after this application step d), but in any event prior to the baking step e).
  • step b) of applying the enamel layer may further comprise, after step b2) but prior to firing e), a step b3) of spraying on the non baked of at least a second finish enamel composition in which are also dispersed magnetizable particles, to form a second layer of unbaked finish enamel.
  • the method according to the invention may further comprise, after carrying out a drying step d) of the finished enamel layer(s) formed (the drying step then no longer being optional but necessary for this embodiment), a step of application by screen printing on said finishing enamel layer of a layer of enamel paste, which may or may not include rounded fillers.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown an article support portion according to the invention according to a first variant embodiment.
  • One of the faces 21 of the support 2 is provided with a continuous and monolayer film 31 of an enamel coating in which particles of anisotropic shape 4, 41 are dispersed.
  • the figure 1 shows that the film 31 comprises at least one zone 5 in which the particles of anisotropic shape 41 are essentially perpendicular to the film 31.
  • This specific orientation of the anisotropic particles 41 in the zone 5 can for example be obtained by magnetization if the anisotropic particles 4, 41 comprise magnetizable particles.
  • the procedure is as follows: there is placed under the support 2, on the side of the uncoated face 22, a permanent magnet, in particular of the elastomer type (which limits the magnetization conditions to a temperature below 80°C) or an electromagnet. It is also possible to use a permanent magnet of the Ferrite or Neodymium type, or even an electro-induced magnet. In this case, the maximum temperature value of the conditions under which the magnetization takes place can then be greater than 80° C., but must remain below the curie temperature of the magnets used. To obtain a specific holographic image, a magnet having the desired shape will be used, which will be cut and/or machined in a permanent ferromagnetic or electro-induced material.
  • a magnet is used emitting a magnetic field whose intensity is between 40 and 100 mT, and preferably of the order of 70 mT.
  • the figure 1 clearly shows that the magnetizable particles 41 of the monolayer enamel film 31 are oriented perpendicular to this film in the specific zone 5, according to the field lines produced by the permanent magnet located just below this zone 5.
  • the figure 2 represents a schematic sectional view of a support portion 2 of an article in accordance with the invention according to a second variant embodiment, showing two sub-variants illustrated respectively on the figures 2a and 2b .
  • the two sub-variants illustrated on the figures 2a and 2b differ from the alternative embodiment illustrated in the figure 1 in that the enamel coating 31 in the form of a film is two-layered.
  • the two-layer coating 31 comprises a sub-layer 310 placed on one of the faces 21 of the support 2 (free of particles of anisotropic shape) and a finishing layer 311 in the form of a continuous film of enamel covering the underlayer 310, the anisotropic particles 4, 41 being included in the finishing layer 311.
  • the underlayer 310 can be colored, as shown in the figure 2a , or transparent, as shown in figure 2b .
  • the orientation of the anisotropic particles 41 can, in the same way as for the first variant embodiment, be carried out by magnetization if these anisotropic particles 41 comprise magnetic particles.
  • the picture 3 represents a schematic sectional view of an article support portion according to the invention according to a third variant embodiment, also showing two sub-variants illustrated respectively on the figures 3a and 3b .
  • Each of these sub-variants 3a and 3b differs from the variant embodiments illustrated in the figures 2a and 2b respectively in that the enamel coating 31 further comprises a second finishing layer 312 in which anisotropic particles 4, 41 are also dispersed.
  • the picture 3 also shows that the two-layer enamel coating 31 of the picture 3 comprises a three-dimensional pattern formed by the alternation of zones 6 with anisotropic particles 4 essentially parallel to the coating 31 and zones 5 with anisotropic particles 41 essentially perpendicular to the film.
  • the specific orientation of the anisotropic particles 41 in the zones 5 will be achieved by magnetization if the anisotropic particles are magnetizable.
  • this magnetization can for example be achieved by placing under the support (of substantially circular shape), on the side of the face 22 uncoated, a plurality of concentric permanent magnets made of elastomer, which emit a magnetic field of the same intensity or of different intensities, for example of the order of 80 mT measured (s) independently.
  • These concentric magnets can advantageously be in the form of a central disc of small diameter (for example equal to or less than 15 mm) and of a plurality of concentric rings arranged around this central disc with a width of the order from 10 to 15 mm.
  • magnets can advantageously be arranged on a substrate (for example a stainless steel plate) which can move perpendicularly to the support of the article. This movement can be done by means of a jack which brings the substrate (or plate) close to the article to be magnetized, so as to define an air gap.
  • a substrate for example a stainless steel plate
  • an iron soleplate having a cap of substantially triangular shape intended to be coated there are for example strips of magnets (for example made of elastomer) under the zones to be reinforced of the support 22, on the side of the face 22 uncoated.
  • These bands can be continuous or discontinuous and have the substantially triangular shape of the cap. They emit a magnetic field of the same intensity or of different intensities, for example of the order of 80 mT measured independently.
  • the magnetizable anisotropic particles will then orient themselves along the field lines, that is to say perpendicular to the support 2 (or to the film 31) at the level of the zones 5 under which a magnet has been placed (the field lines being perpendicular to the enamel coating 31, and parallel to the support 2 (and therefore to the coating 31) in the zones 6 where the field lines are parallel to the support 2, with a continuum of progressive orientation of the magnetizable anisotropic particles between these two zones.
  • the figure 4 shows a schematic sectional view of an article support portion according to the invention according to a fourth embodiment variant, which differs from the sub-variant embodiment illustrated in the figure 2a , in that the sub-layer 310 comprises anisotropic particles 4, 41.
  • the two-layer enamel coating 31 of the picture 3 comprises a three-dimensional pattern formed by the alternation of zones 6 with anisotropic particles 4 essentially parallel to the coating 31, and zones 5 with anisotropic particles 41 essentially perpendicular to the film.
  • the anisotropic particles 41 include or are magnetic particles, the orientation of the particles in the zones 5 can be obtained by arranging magnets under the support 2.
  • the specific orientation of the anisotropic particles 41 in the zones 5 will be achieved by magnetization if the anisotropic particles are magnetizable.
  • the figure 7 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of an iron soleplate according to the invention according to a seventh variant embodiment, and the figure 8 represents a bottom view of the sole illustrated on the figure 7 .
  • the support 2 comprises, on its outer face 21 intended to be in contact with the laundry to be ironed, a coating 3 which is substantially identical to that illustrated on the figure 6 : it differs from it only by the absence of rounded fillers in the discontinuous outer enamel layer 33 .
  • These coatings are subjected to a 10 mm long scratch, which is induced by a calibrated diamond tip 50 ⁇ m in diameter, which is applied with a gradually increasing force from 0 to 5 Newtons.
  • a device marketed under the name “ Microscratch tester ” from the company CSM Instruments is used.
  • composition of pigmented B1 enamel slip with magnetizable fillers for aluminum substrate (cookware, aluminum or cast aluminum iron soleplates, etc.).
  • a slip of enamel frit B1 is prepared, the composition of which is given below in Table 1 below. ⁇ u>Table 1 ⁇ /u> B1 Slip Components Quantity (parts by weight) F1 enamel frit 100 Water 45 to 60 Boric acid 0 to 4 Molybdic Acid 0 to 4 Potassium Hydroxide 0 to 2 Carbonate; Silicate or metasilicate of soda 0 to 5 Pigments 0 to 30 Ferromagnetic flakes 0.1 to 10
  • the contents indicated are parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of frit (reference quantity in the composition of the slip).
  • composition of the enamel frit F1 is given in Table 2 below. ⁇ u>Table 2 ⁇ /u> Components of the F1 frit Quantity (mass percentages) SiO 2 33.8 V 2 O 5 6.31 SbO 3.64 Na2O 20.42 BaO 2 3.7 K2O 15.23 TiO 2 15.21 WO 1.69 Total 100
  • the contents indicated are mass percentages relative to the weight of the frit.
  • a slip of enamel frit B2 is prepared, the composition of which is given below in Table 3 below. ⁇ u>Table 3 ⁇ /u> B2 slip components Quantity (parts by weight) F2 enamel frit 100 Water 35 to 50 Clay 6 to 9 bentonite 0.1 to 0.4 Boric acid 0.2 to 0.4 Quartz 200 8 to 15 ZrO2 0 to 2
  • the contents indicated are parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of frit (reference quantity in the composition of the slip).
  • composition of the enamel frit F2 is given in Table 4 below. ⁇ u>Table 4 ⁇ /u> Components of the F2 frit Quantity (mass percentages) SiO 2 50-60% Al 2 O 3 5-15% B2O3 _ 8-14% Na2O 6-12% CaO 3-7% ZnO 3-5% CoO 0-4% MnO2 0-4% NiO 0-4% Total 100%
  • the contents indicated are mass percentages relative to the weight of the frit.
  • a varnish composition V1 is prepared, the composition of which is given below in Table 5 below. ⁇ u>Table 5 ⁇ /u> Varnish Components V1 Quantities (parts by weight) Enamel Frit F 100 Water 40 to 60 Carbomethylcellulose 0 to 10 xanthan gum 0 to 10 Ferromagnetic flakes 0.1 to 10
  • a pigmented slurry of B3 enamel frit intended to constitute a white covering enamel is prepared. Its composition is given in Table 6 below. ⁇ u>Table 6 ⁇ /u> B3 Slip Components Quantity (parts by weight) F3 enamel frit 100 Water 30 to 55 Clay 6 to 9 bentonite 0.1 to 0.4 Quartz 3 to 6 organic gum 0 to 0.5 Boric acid 0.2 to 0.4 Mineral pigment for tint shade (ex: yellow ZrSiPr, blue CoO.) 0 to 5 Ferromagnetic flakes 0.1 to 7
  • Table 7 shows the composition of the F3 frit used for the white covering enamel. ⁇ u>Table 7 ⁇ /u> Components of the F3 frit Quantity (mass percentages) SiO 2 40-50% Al 2 O 3 0-5% TiO 2 13-20% B2O3 _ 8-14% Na2O 6-12% K20 3-8% CaO 3-7% ZnO 3-5% MgO 0-2% P2O5 _ 0-4% Total 100%
  • a first screen-printing paste composition P3 is prepared with fillers, the composition of which is given below in Table 8 below.
  • a second filler-free P4 screen-printing paste composition is prepared, the composition of which is also given below in Table 8 below.
  • Table 8 Components of P3 and P4 screen-printing pastes Quantity (parts by weight) P3 paste with steel balls Quantity (parts by weight) P4 paste without steel balls Frit F 100 100 black iron oxide 20 20 Oil (terpene) 35 35 steel balls 20 0
  • the slip B1 the composition of which is given in Table 1
  • the slip B1 is sprayed onto the outer face of the aluminum alloy cookware support, to form an enamel layer 31 (thickness 35 ⁇ m).
  • the varnish composition V1 the composition of which is given in Table 5, is applied to this enamel layer 31 to form a varnish layer 32 (thickness 35 ⁇ m).
  • the magnetizable flakes contained in the layers of enamel 31 and varnish 32 are oriented by magnetization in certain areas of the protective coating, immediately after the application of these layers, by application of a magnetic field of 70 mT by means of two permanent magnets 51, 52 arranged under the substrate (in this case under the face of the support opposite to that which is coated), as is schematically illustrated in the figures 9 and 10 .
  • the mica flakes thanks to their coating of magnetic iron oxide, are oriented along the field lines, i.e. in line with the magnet, and in particular substantially vertically in areas P1 and P2 shown on the figure 9 .
  • the viscosity of the layers applied be as low as possible.
  • a non-VOC heavy solvent such as hexylene glycol makes it possible to reduce evaporation on spraying and provides a longer application time for the magnets, allowing orientation after spraying. facilitated. Any drying of the enamel layer before to have oriented the magnetic charges. However, the magnets can be applied until the final drying of the coating, to consolidate the orientation. This mode is particularly recommended if you want to obtain a decor with a clear perception of relief.
  • Example 1 The same coating as in Example 1 is applied to the cap of the iron soleplate, except for the absence of steel balls in the outer layer of enamel (this outer layer of enamel being obtained from P4 silkscreen paste without steel balls).
  • the orientation of the magnetizable particles is carried out, as for example 1, by applying a magnetic field of 70 mT by means of two permanent magnets 51, 52 arranged under the substrate (in this case under the face of the support opposite to that which is clothed), as shown schematically on the figures 9 and 10 and really on the figure 11 .
  • the mica flakes thanks to their coating of magnetic iron oxide, are oriented along the field lines, i.e. in line with the magnet substantially vertically (zone C) .
  • This item will generally be treated in 2 coats with 2 firings.
  • a first coat of enamel slip B2 (see Tables 3 and 4) which is generally opaque, is applied by spraying to the interior and exterior wall of a cast iron cookware support previously shot-blasted and degreased. This layer will be baked between 800°C and 850°C for 4 to 12 minutes.
  • the coating enamel slip B3 is applied.
  • this second layer will be 100 to 200 ⁇ m. This layer will make it possible to obtain the mechanical reinforcement linked to the orientation of the flakes during the application of the magnetic field. This step will be favored and facilitated when the enamel slip is still liquid (promoted mobility). This second firing will take place between 750°C and 820°C for 4 to 12 minutes.
  • enamels described above in the case of cast steel metals for culinary applications or small household appliances can be applied either inside the article or outside the article. Their reinforcement of the mechanical properties can take place inside the article (multiple contact with utensils: whisk, knife, spatula%) or outside the article (cooking plate, sink, grid of oven).
  • the coating described above shows a significant improvement over the same coating lacking oriented magnetizable flakes in slip B3.
  • the optimization of the resistance to chipping is beneficial for example by the impact of a metal utensil during conventional use.
  • COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 4 Production of a protective coating on the outer face of an iron soleplate free of magnetizable particles.
  • a protective coating comprising a layer of enamel 31, on which is deposited a layer of varnish 32, then a layer of serigraphic enamel 33.
  • the protective coating of comparative example 4 differs from that of example 1 by the absence of magnetizable flakes in the layers of enamel 31, varnish 32, and screen-printed enamel layer 33.
  • Example 1 (with oriented spangles) Measurement carried out at the level of a zone C 70-80 ⁇ m 27.22 ⁇ 1.41
  • Example 1 (with non-oriented flakes) Measurement carried out at the level of a zone B 70-80 ⁇ m 21.39 ⁇ 0.76
  • Example 2 (with oriented flakes) Measurement carried out at the level of zone C on the figures 11 and 12 70-80 ⁇ m 26.79 ⁇ 1.33
  • Example 2 (with non-oriented flakes) Measurement carried out at the level of zone B on the figures 11 and 12 70-80 ⁇ m 21.76 ⁇ 0.82 Comparative Example 4 (without flakes) 70-80 ⁇ m 23.04 ⁇ 0.44
  • the delamination values indicated in table 9 correspond to an average metal chipping value for 4 measurements per sample.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
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EP13815080.0A 2012-12-12 2013-12-12 Revetement en email comportant des particules anisotropes et article culinaire muni d'un tel revetement Active EP2931940B1 (fr)

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FR1261963A FR2999171B1 (fr) 2012-12-12 2012-12-12 Revetement en email comportant des particules anisotropes et article culinaire muni d'un tel revetement
PCT/FR2013/053054 WO2014091166A2 (fr) 2012-12-12 2013-12-12 Revetement en email comportant des particules anisotropes et article culinaire muni d'un tel revetement

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KR (1) KR102174186B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CN (1) CN104854261B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
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DE102015110121A1 (de) * 2015-06-24 2016-12-29 Schott Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Substrates mit einer texturierten Beschichtung auf Glasbasis und beschichtetes Substrat
BE1023402B1 (nl) * 2016-01-14 2017-03-08 Polyvision, Naamloze Vennootschap Een tegel met textuur
FR3103090B1 (fr) * 2019-11-20 2024-08-09 Oreal Procédé de coloration ou d’éclaircissement mettant en œuvre un appareil de coiffure à main et un substrat

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DE2945288C2 (de) 1979-11-09 1983-01-27 Leipold + Eppich KG, 8502 Zirndorf Silikatischer Überzug für hitzebeständige Gegenstände mit wärmeübertragender Funktion, Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Überzugs und damit versehene Gegenstände
EP1493590A1 (en) * 2003-07-03 2005-01-05 Sicpa Holding S.A. Method and means for producing a magnetically induced design in a coating containing magnetic particles
WO2011042886A2 (de) 2009-10-09 2011-04-14 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Bügeleisensohle, insbesondere für ein dampfbügeleisen
FR2962937B1 (fr) * 2010-07-26 2019-05-17 Seb Sa Article comprenant un revetement sol-gel muni d'un decor fonctionnel et procede de fabrication d'un tel article.
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WO2014091166A3 (fr) 2014-11-20
FR2999171A1 (fr) 2014-06-13
EP2931940A2 (fr) 2015-10-21
WO2014091166A2 (fr) 2014-06-19
CN104854261A (zh) 2015-08-19
JP2016501087A (ja) 2016-01-18
JP6272898B2 (ja) 2018-01-31
KR20150096476A (ko) 2015-08-24
KR102174186B1 (ko) 2020-11-04
CN104854261B (zh) 2017-06-09
FR2999171B1 (fr) 2016-12-09

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