EP2927378B1 - Vessel with a spud and method for limiting forces that are exerted by the hull of a vessel on a spud - Google Patents

Vessel with a spud and method for limiting forces that are exerted by the hull of a vessel on a spud Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2927378B1
EP2927378B1 EP15000921.5A EP15000921A EP2927378B1 EP 2927378 B1 EP2927378 B1 EP 2927378B1 EP 15000921 A EP15000921 A EP 15000921A EP 2927378 B1 EP2927378 B1 EP 2927378B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spud
pressure
hull
component
piston
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Application number
EP15000921.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2927378A1 (en
EP2927378A8 (en
Inventor
Ruben Boudewijn G. De Lille
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Jan De Nul Nv
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Jan De Nul Nv
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Priority to PL15000921T priority Critical patent/PL2927378T3/pl
Publication of EP2927378A1 publication Critical patent/EP2927378A1/en
Publication of EP2927378A8 publication Critical patent/EP2927378A8/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2927378B1 publication Critical patent/EP2927378B1/en
Priority to HRP20181241TT priority patent/HRP20181241T1/hr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/06—Floating substructures as supports
    • E02F9/062—Advancing equipment, e.g. spuds for floating dredgers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/06—Floating substructures as supports
    • E02F9/067—Floating substructures as supports with arrangements for heave compensation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vessel with a spud and method for limiting forces that are exerted by the hull of a vessel on a spud.
  • a vessel with a spud also called a 'spud pole'
  • An important such activity is dredging using a cutter-suction dredger, also called a cutter-suction dredge.
  • the spud generally fastened to the front of the cutter-suction dredger, is hereby placed firmly in the seabed to be able to exert sufficient force on the cutter head that must be able to be forcefully pushed against the seabed to be able to do its work, and which is fastened more towards the back of the cutter-suction dredger.
  • the hull of the ship and the spud are hereby linearly movable with respect to one another over a significant distance, approximately 5 to 10 metres, so that with a single placement of the spud, the cutter head can be used over a certain area of the seabed and not just on a single narrow track.
  • Such a movement is generally obtained by making use of a long hydraulic piston-cylinder combination that is fastened by a first end to the hull and fastened by a second end to a spud carriage in which the spud is suspended, whereby this spud carriage is slidable or rollable along the longitudinal axis of the cutter-suction dredger by the hydraulic cylinder.
  • Such cutter suction dredgers are for example disclosed in EP0227143 and JP S5780983 .
  • the cutter head For the optimum operation of the cutter head it is desirable for the cutter head to be connected as rigidly as possible to the spud via the hull of the cutter-suction dredger. This means among others that preferably there is the least possible freedom of movement between the spud and the hull of the cutter-suction dredger, of course when a position of the spud is set by means of the hydraulic cylinder.
  • the purpose of the invention is to provide a better solution to the problem described above, and to this end provides a vessel that comprises a hull and a spud, whereby the vessel is provided with positioning means to set the position and/or orientation of the hull with respect to the spud, whereby the vessel is provided with a control unit and measuring means to measure the force exerted by the hull on the spud or to measure a pressure from which this force can be derived and which is arranged to control the positioning means, whereby the control unit is arranged to make a prediction of the time-dependent future magnitude of the force or pressure and to determine the direction of the future force from values measured by the measuring means over a time interval, whereby the control unit is arranged to make an adjustment to the position and/or orientation of the hull with respect to the spud, whereby the direction of the adjustment corresponds to the direction in which the force is exerted.
  • the proactive movement of the hull prevents the predicted forces, which can be greater than desired for the spud or its fastening construction, from occurring so that the maximum force exerted by the hull on the spud is reduced compared to a rigid spud fastened to the hull.
  • the spud is always rigidly connected to the hull. As a result, a fastening with a freedom of movement is never formed, so that the operation of the cutter head is not significantly negatively affected.
  • the positioning means can of course be set to a large number of positions, but that it does not allow any freedom of movement between the hull and the spud in a set position, unless of course it is driven by the control unit.
  • the invention is for example based on the realisation that the said force, which essentially occurs as a result of waves, has a sinusoidal variation over time, whereby the intensity and frequency can vary over time as a result of differences in wave intensity, such that it is possible to predict the next part of the force variation on the basis of a first part of a force variation over time.
  • the adjustment is made before the predicted magnitude of the force or pressure is actually reached.
  • the positioning means thus comprise a hydraulically driven first piston-cylinder combination to move the hull with respect to the spud parallel to the longitudinal axis of the hull, whereby the measuring means are arranged to measure a first component of the said force parallel to the longitudinal axis or to measure a pressure from which this first component can be derived, whereby the control unit is arranged to make a prediction, from the values measured by the measuring means, of the time-dependent future magnitude of the first component or the said pressure and to determine the direction of the first component, whereby the control unit is arranged to move the hull with respect to the spud parallel to the longitudinal axis of the hull, before the predicted magnitude of the first component or the said pressure is actually reached, by moving the piston of the first piston-cylinder combination in the cylinder, whereby the direction of the movement of the hull corresponds to the direction in which the first component is exerted.
  • the positioning means thus comprise one or more hydraulically driven second piston-cylinder combinations to rotate the hull with respect to the spud around a first axis that is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vessel, whereby the measuring means are arranged to measure a second component of the said force, whereby the second component is tangential to the first axis, or to measure a pressure from which this second component can be derived, whereby the control unit is arranged to make a prediction, from the values measured by the measuring means, of the time-dependent future magnitude of the second component or the said pressure and to determine the direction of the second component, whereby the control unit is arranged to rotate the hull with respect to the spud around the first axis, before the predicted magnitude of the second component or the said pressure is actually reached, by moving the piston of the one or more second piston-cylinder combinations in the cylinder thereof whereby the direction of the rotation corresponds to the direction in which the second component is exerted.
  • the positioning means thus comprise one or more hydraulically driven third piston-cylinder combinations to rotate the hull with respect to the spud around a second axis that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vessel and which is horizontal, whereby the measuring means are arranged to measure a third component of the said force, whereby the third component is tangential to the second axis, or to measure a pressure from which this third component can be derived, whereby the control unit is arranged to make a prediction, from the values measured by the measuring means, of the time-dependent future magnitude of the third component or the said pressure and to determine the direction of the third component, whereby the control unit is arranged to rotate the hull with respect to the spud around the second axis, before the predicted magnitude of the third component or the said pressure is actually reached, by moving the piston of the one or more third piston-cylinder combinations in the cylinder thereof whereby the direction of the rotation corresponds to the direction in which the third component is exerted.
  • a piston of a hydraulic piston-cylinder combination can in general be moved by pumping hydraulic fluid into or out of the cylinder, as a result of which the piston is moved.
  • this can be done by exerting an external force on the piston and having an open connection between the cylinder and a reservoir of hydraulic fluid, whereby this open connection, after the desired movement has been completed, is closed to lock the position reached.
  • both methods are considered as an active adjustment of the position of the piston and are considered to be covered by the expression 'moving the piston of a piston-cylinder combination in the cylinder'.
  • control unit is arranged to only make the said adjustments if the maximum predicted magnitude of the force or the pressure exceeds a threshold value.
  • the vessel is additionally provided with, or connected with data transfer capability to, measuring means that are arranged to measure the actual movements of the vessel or the movements of the sea, i.e. the sea surface at some distance, typically less than a few hundred metres, from the vessel.
  • the information thus obtained can help to make a better prediction of the expected pressures or forces on the basis of the measured pressures or forces.
  • the vessel is provided with a spud carriage in which the spud is fastened, whereby the positioning means are arranged to adjust the position and/or orientation of the hull with respect to the spud carriage, whereby, if present, the second piston-cylinder combination or the third piston-cylinder combination are in the spud carriage.
  • the invention also concerns a method for limiting the forces exerted by the hull of a vessel, in particular a cutter-suction dredger, on a spud as a result of waves, whereby the following steps are taken:
  • the time interval over which the force or pressure is measured to make a prediction therefrom is preferably between 5% and 50% of the period between two waves.
  • the cutter-suction dredger shown in figure 1 is a ship 1 that is provided with a spud 2 close to its front and a cutter arm with a cutter head 3.
  • the spud 2 is fastened in a spud carriage 4.
  • the spud carriage 4 is provided with two wheel sets 5 that are arranged such that the spud carriage 4, if not blocked, is rotatable with respect to the hull 7 of the ship 1 around the longitudinal axis L of the ship and around a horizontal transverse axis D perpendicular thereto.
  • the wheel sets 5 also enable the spud carriage 4 to move in a forward and backward direction, thus parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the ship 1, in a carriage space 8 on rails provided for this purpose.
  • wheel sets 5 are well known to the person skilled in the art, they are schematically shown in the drawings but are not described in further detail.
  • a first hydraulic piston-cylinder combination 9 is provided on the hull 7 of the ship 1, with a first cylinder 10 that is filled with hydraulic fluid and a first piston 11 that is connected to the spud carriage 4.
  • This first piston 11 is provided with a measuring instrument 12 for pressure and position measurement, that measures the pressure in the first cylinder 10 and the position of the first piston 11 in the first cylinder 10.
  • the first piston-cylinder combination 9 is connected to a first hydraulic set 13 that comprises the necessary reservoirs, pumps and valves to move the first piston 11 in a controlled way.
  • the measuring instrument 12 is connected with data transfer capability to a central control unit 14.
  • the central control unit 14 is connected controllably to the first hydraulic set 13 in order to thereby be able to set the position of the first piston 11.
  • second hydraulic piston-cylinder combinations 16 are affixed in the spud carriage that are each provided with a second cylinder 17 that is filled with hydraulic fluid and a second piston 18. These second piston-cylinder combinations 16 are arranged to be able to rotate the spud carriage 4 and the hull 7 with respect to one another around the longitudinal axis L of the ship 1.
  • These second piston-cylinder combinations 16 are each provided with a measuring instrument 12 for pressure and position measurement, that measures the pressure in the second cylinder 17 concerned and the position of the second piston 18 concerned in the second cylinder 17 concerned.
  • two of the second piston-cylinder combinations 16 are placed above the longitudinal axis L of the ship 1, and two of them are placed below the longitudinal axis L of the ship 1.
  • Two of the second piston-cylinder combinations 16 are placed on a first side of the spud carriage 4, and two of them are placed on the other side of the spud carriage 4.
  • the free ends 19 of the second pistons 18 are placed against the walls of the carriage space 8, over which they are slidable forwards and backwards.
  • the second piston-cylinder combinations 16 are connected to a second hydraulic set 20 that comprises the necessary reservoirs, pumps and valves to move the second pistons 18 in a controlled way.
  • the said measuring instruments 12 of the second piston-cylinder combinations 16 are connected with data transfer capability to the central control unit 14.
  • third hydraulic piston-cylinder combinations 22 are affixed in the spud carriage 4 that are each provided with a third cylinder 23 that is filled with hydraulic fluid and a third piston 24. These third piston-cylinder combinations 22 are arranged to be able to rotate the spud carriage 4 and the hull 7 with respect to one another around the above-mentioned transverse axis D.
  • a lever 25 is rotatably fastened by its first end 26 to the rear wheel set 5.
  • the third pistons 24 of the third piston-cylinder combinations 22 mounted in mutually opposite directions are fastened to the second end 27 of the lever 25.
  • the spud carriage 4 is rotatably fastened to the lever 25 at a point 28 between the two ends 26, 27 of the lever 25.
  • the third piston-cylinder combinations 22 are each provided with a measuring instrument 12 for pressure and position measurement that measures the pressure in the third cylinder 23 concerned and the position of the third piston 24 concerned in the third cylinder 23 concerned.
  • the third piston-cylinder combinations 22 are connected to the second hydraulic set 20 that comprises the necessary reservoirs, pumps and valves to move the third pistons 24 in a controlled way.
  • the said measuring instruments 12 of the third piston-cylinder combinations 22 are connected with data transfer capability to the central control unit 14.
  • the central control unit 14 is connected controllably to the second hydraulic set 20 to thereby be able to set the position of the second pistons 18 and the third pistons 24.
  • first, second and third piston-cylinder combinations 9, 16, 22 can set the mutual position and orientation of the hull 7 and the spud 2, they are considered as positioning means for the mutual position and orientation of the hull 7 and the spud 2.
  • the operation of the ship 1 is very simple and as follows.
  • the control unit 14 is provided with an algorithm to make a prediction of the future time-dependent force variation for each of the said three force components.
  • control unit 14 essentially uses the pressures as input data that are measured by the measuring instruments 12.
  • the wave movements typically have a period of 5 to 10 seconds. During this period in general a sinusoidal variation of a force component or the pressure proportional to it is observed.
  • control unit 14 will execute a compensatory movement via the first hydraulic set 13.
  • this threshold value of the pressure is related to the force at which damage can occur to the spud 2 or other components of the ship 1.
  • control unit 14 will not execute a compensatory movement. As a result, at low forces an immovable fastening of the spud carriage 4 with respect to the hull 7 is maintained.
  • the said compensatory movement consists of the hull 7 being moved with respect to the spud 2 in the direction in which the force acts, thus either forwards or backwards.
  • This movement is made before the predicted first force component actually reaches its predicted values so that the first force component actually exerted will be less than the predicted first force component.
  • the said compensatory movement is executed by the first hydraulic set 13, controlled by the control unit 14, pumping hydraulic fluid into or out of the first cylinder 10, and thereby adjusting the position of the first piston 11.
  • the control unit 14 executes a compensatory movement, this time via the second hydraulic set 20.
  • the said compensatory movement consists of the hull 7 being moved with respect to the spud 2 in the direction in which the force acts, thus a rotational movement to the right or left around the longitudinal axis L.
  • This movement is done before the predicted second force component actually reaches its predicted values so that the second force component actually exerted will be less than the predicted second force component.
  • the said compensatory movement is executed by the second hydraulic set 20, controlled by the control unit 14, pumping hydraulic fluid into two diagonally opposite second cylinders 17, and hydraulic fluid from the other two second cylinders 17, which thereby adjusts the position of the second pistons 18.
  • FIG 6 This is illustrated in figure 6 , in which a maximum predicted rotational force around the longitudinal axis L, in the clockwise direction when viewed in the direction from the cutter head 3 to the spud 2, indicated by arrow Q, is compensated by a movement of the hull 7 in the same direction, that is achieved by pumping hydraulic fluid 17 into the second cylinders 17 at the top right and bottom left, and pumping hydraulic fluid out of the second cylinders 17 at the bottom right and top left.
  • the control unit 14 executes a compensatory movement, this time via the second hydraulic set 20.
  • the said compensatory movement consists of the hull 7 being moved with respect to the spud 2 in the direction in which the force acts, thus a rotary movement whereby the front of the ship 1 is moved upwards or downwards around the transverse axis D.
  • This movement is done before the predicted third force component actually reaches its predicted values so that the third force component actually exerted will be less than the predicted third force component.
  • the said compensatory movement is in practice executed by the second hydraulic set 20, controlled by the control unit 14, pumping hydraulic fluid into a third cylinder 23 and out of the other third cylinder 23, and thereby adjusting the position of the third pistons 24.
  • the magnitude of the various compensatory movements, in the event of the threshold values being exceeded, depend on the maximum magnitude of the predicted forces, of course with a maximum that is determined by the freedom of movement of the spud carriage 4 in the carriage space 10.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
EP15000921.5A 2014-04-01 2015-03-30 Vessel with a spud and method for limiting forces that are exerted by the hull of a vessel on a spud Active EP2927378B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL15000921T PL2927378T3 (pl) 2014-04-01 2015-03-30 Statek ze słupem kotwicznym i sposób ograniczania sił wywieranych przez kadłub statku na słup kotwiczny
HRP20181241TT HRP20181241T1 (hr) 2014-04-01 2018-08-02 Plovilo sa sidrenim stupom i postupak za ograničavanje sila koje vrši trup plovila na sidreni stup

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE2014/0224A BE1021821B1 (nl) 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 Vaartuig met een ankerpaal en werkwijze voor het beperken van krachten die door een romp van een vaartuig op een ankerpaal worden uitgeoefend

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2927378A1 EP2927378A1 (en) 2015-10-07
EP2927378A8 EP2927378A8 (en) 2015-11-25
EP2927378B1 true EP2927378B1 (en) 2018-08-01

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ID=50828635

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15000921.5A Active EP2927378B1 (en) 2014-04-01 2015-03-30 Vessel with a spud and method for limiting forces that are exerted by the hull of a vessel on a spud

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2927378B1 (nl)
BE (1) BE1021821B1 (nl)
CY (1) CY1121039T1 (nl)
DK (1) DK2927378T3 (nl)
ES (1) ES2691486T3 (nl)
HR (1) HRP20181241T1 (nl)
PL (1) PL2927378T3 (nl)
PT (1) PT2927378T (nl)
TR (1) TR201815322T4 (nl)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3405618B1 (en) 2016-01-22 2022-08-03 GustoMSC B.V. Measurement system, leg guide, jack-up platform
JP7017948B2 (ja) * 2018-02-26 2022-02-09 五洋建設株式会社 ポンプ浚渫船及びポンプ浚渫方法
CN116280028B (zh) * 2022-10-18 2023-09-05 湖南金航船舶制造有限公司 一种河道应急船及其定位桩

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6050933B2 (ja) * 1980-11-06 1985-11-11 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 浚渫船のスパツド緩衝装置
NL8503417A (nl) * 1985-12-11 1987-07-01 Stevin Volker Dredging Inrichting voor de verbinding van een ankerpaalgeleiding met een vaartuig.
AU2761801A (en) * 2000-01-07 2001-07-24 Fmc Corporation Mooring systems with active force reacting systems and passive damping
BE1016375A5 (nl) * 2005-06-06 2006-09-05 Dredging Int Inrichting met flexibel gemonteerde paalwagen.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2691486T3 (es) 2018-11-27
TR201815322T4 (tr) 2018-11-21
CY1121039T1 (el) 2019-12-11
DK2927378T3 (en) 2018-10-29
PT2927378T (pt) 2018-11-07
EP2927378A1 (en) 2015-10-07
PL2927378T3 (pl) 2019-03-29
BE1021821B1 (nl) 2016-01-20
HRP20181241T1 (hr) 2018-10-05
EP2927378A8 (en) 2015-11-25

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