EP2925956B1 - Dispositif blindé à plusieurs paires en tant que ligne d'alimentation d'une boucle de chauffe par induction dans des gisements d'huiles lourdes - Google Patents

Dispositif blindé à plusieurs paires en tant que ligne d'alimentation d'une boucle de chauffe par induction dans des gisements d'huiles lourdes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2925956B1
EP2925956B1 EP13786446.8A EP13786446A EP2925956B1 EP 2925956 B1 EP2925956 B1 EP 2925956B1 EP 13786446 A EP13786446 A EP 13786446A EP 2925956 B1 EP2925956 B1 EP 2925956B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conductor
conductors
shield pipe
arrangement according
pairs
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP13786446.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2925956A2 (fr
Inventor
Dirk Diehl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP2925956A2 publication Critical patent/EP2925956A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2925956B1 publication Critical patent/EP2925956B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B36/00Heating, cooling or insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones
    • E21B36/04Heating, cooling or insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones using electrical heaters
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/24Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
    • E21B43/2401Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection by means of electricity
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B9/00Power cables
    • H01B9/06Gas-pressure cables; Oil-pressure cables; Cables for use in conduits under fluid pressure
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02Induction heating
    • H05B6/10Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement of a plurality of electrical conductor pairs for the symmetrical feeding of a consumer.
  • SAGD Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage
  • an inductive heater can be used to support or extract heavy oils or bitumen.
  • Such inductive heating is in the document DE 10 2008 044 953 A1 disclosed.
  • the electromagnetic inductive heating consists of a conductor loop, which is laid in the reservoir and induces eddy currents in the surrounding soil when energized, which heat this.
  • the desired Typically, to achieve heating power densities of typically 1-10 kW per meter of inductor length, it is necessary, depending on the conductivity of the reservoir, to impose currents of a few 100 amperes at frequencies typically 20-100 kHz.
  • the heater assembly includes first and second single conductors, each of which has an isolated portion and a non-insulated portion, and is composed of at least one wire.
  • the first and second single conductors are intertwined, twisted or intertwined and twisted together such that the uninsulated portion of each individual conductor adjoins the isolated portion of the other individual conductor.
  • a system and method for heating a geological formation are disclosed.
  • the system includes a heating assembly in a wellbore extending into a formation, an extraction well connected to a pump and disposed below the first wellbore, and a transferring device connected to the heating assembly.
  • the method includes the steps of providing the system components, connecting the heater assembly to the radio frequency energy transfer device, energizing the heater assembly with radio frequency energy using the transfer device, and pumping out hydrocarbons from the extraction wellbore.
  • each conductor is insulated individually and consists of a single wire or a plurality of wires, which in turn are insulated for themselves.
  • Multifilament conductor structure is formed, which has already been proposed in electrical engineering for other purposes.
  • a multi-band and / or multi-foil conductor structure can be realized for the same purpose.
  • the WO 00/00989 A1 discloses a method for providing a single- or multi-phase electrical cable for conducting current through insulated conductors and for generating a weak external magnetic field so as to obtain a cable in which at least one of the above-mentioned conductors is made up of two or more insulated sub-conductors in parallel and wherein the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the sub-conductors is equal to an intended cross-sectional area of the conductor, and wherein the sum of the currents flowing through the sub-conductors is equal to a predetermined current flowing through the conductor.
  • the arrangement in the cable is such that each of said sub-conductors is adjacent to a conductor or sub-conductor having either a different phase or a different current direction.
  • a conductor arrangement is known in which individual strands of three separately insulated phase conductors are insulated from each other within a tube by means of a fluid and are provided at predetermined intervals support discs made of a ceramic material or other good insulating material to a substantially uniform spacing of the Phase conductor strands to each other and the tube to ensure.
  • This object is achieved by means of an arrangement of a plurality of pairs of electrical conductors for symmetrical power supply of a consumer - in particular a capacitively compensated conductor loop for inductive heating of deposits of hydrocarbonaceous substances such as oil sands, bitumen, heavy oil, natural gas, shale gas - and a shielding tube enclosing them, with forward and return conductors the conductor pairs are alternately arranged in a cyclic and / or evenly distributed manner within the screen tube surrounding the plurality of conductor pairs.
  • the conductors are distributed radially and uniformly over the circumference at a predetermined distance, wherein alternately a forward and return conductor of a pair of conductors is arranged.
  • the conductors are preferably arranged spaced from one another.
  • the distance from lateral surfaces of two conductors to each other is, for example, at least as large as the diameter of one of the conductors. Due to the complete inclusion of the electric field in the conductor structure, the electrical insulation of the shielding tube to the surrounding soil in onshore or to the surrounding seawater in offshore applications can be omitted.
  • the arrangement of return conductor pairs leads to a balanced line which is ideally suited to transmit the earth potential of the symmetrical output voltage of the generator to a conductor loop - this is especially true when using an insulating output transformer with a grounded center tap.
  • the higher the number of return conductor pairs in the described alternating arrangement the faster the surrounding electric and magnetic fields drop outwards towards the screen tube. Accordingly, the currents occurring in the shield tube and the associated losses are lower.
  • conductors with rounded sector-shaped conductor cross-section are used. Thus, higher capacitance and thus lower line impedances can be achieved without increasing the maximum electric field strength.
  • the conductor cross sections are hollow. As a result, weight can be saved and the conductor cross-section at high frequencies - be better used here up to 200 kHz.
  • a dielectric acting as insulation between the conductors made of plastic or ceramic or as a fluid can be selected.
  • Solid dielectrics such as those of plastic or ceramic have the advantages of supporting the conductors at the same time and sealing the conduit against passage of fluids from the reservoir, thereby providing Caprock Integrity.
  • Gases as a dielectric have the advantage that they can withstand high temperatures permanently.
  • Some silicone or synthetic oils can also be used as a dielectric at high temperatures around or above 300 ° C. Liquid or gaseous dielectrics have the advantage that they do not resist the bending of the line and their electric strength is maintained.
  • Another advantage over a gas filling is that, for example, an oil used as a dielectric can build up a hydrostatic pressure due to its specific weight, which corresponds approximately to that of the surrounding soil. Thus, an outer conductor would be supported by the internal pressure of the oil.
  • supporting disks for holding and / or guiding the conductors in the shielding tube are provided at predetermined intervals.
  • the support disks are required to hold in position in the guide tube guided in the tube while ensuring the longitudinal tightness of the line.
  • small openings would be required in the support disks, whereby an outer conductor can be supported by the internal pressure of the oil.
  • the conductors or pairs of conductors are arranged in the shield tube in the form of a helix.
  • the leadership of the conductor pairs as a helix is advantageous when laying in bows, as it allows a length compensation of inner and outer bows. Furthermore, this can additionally achieve a further reduction of the electromagnetic radiation.
  • the conductors and / or the shielding tube are advantageously made of an electrically highly conductive and non-ferromagnetic material (for example, aluminum) to reduce ohmic losses and magnetic hysteresis losses or to avoid.
  • an electrically highly conductive and non-ferromagnetic material for example, aluminum
  • the shield tube is constructed concentrically multilayered. If the innermost layer is made of a good electrical conductor, e.g. Aluminum, the ohmic losses can be reduced. Conductor material that is not ferromagnetic avoids hysteresis losses. Already a few millimeters thick innermost conductor layer, e.g. 3-5 skin penetration depths is sufficient to ensure a sufficiently high electromagnetic shielding. Another layer, for example made of steel, can ensure a required mechanical stability. If necessary, other plastic coatings can be applied as corrosion protection, which may be necessary especially in offshore applications.
  • a good electrical conductor e.g. Aluminum
  • Conductor material that is not ferromagnetic avoids hysteresis losses.
  • a few millimeters thick innermost conductor layer e.g. 3-5 skin penetration depths is sufficient to ensure a sufficiently high electromagnetic shielding.
  • Another layer for example made of steel, can ensure a required mechanical stability. If necessary, other plastic coatings can be applied as corrosion protection, which may be
  • the sole figure shows a perspective view of a section through the longitudinal axis of a ladder in a schematic - Not claimed - Presentation to illustrate the invention.
  • the number of Hin- 1 and return conductor 2 pairs 3 is increased in the described alternating arrangement, as this attenuate the surrounding electromagnetic fields outwardly to the screen tube 4 back very quickly. As a result, the eddy currents forming in the shielding tube 4 and the associated losses decrease.
  • a fluid-for example a gas such as nitrogen or SF 6 or a liquid such as transformer oil or silicone oil- is provided as insulation or dielectric between the conductors 1, 2.
  • Liquid or gaseous dielectrics have the advantage that they do not resist bending of the line and their electric strength is maintained. However, at certain intervals, for example one to twenty meters, support disks 5 are needed, which hold the ladder 1, 2 in position while ensuring the longitudinal tightness of the line.
  • Gases as a dielectric have the advantage that they can withstand high temperatures permanently. Some silicone or synthetic oils can also be used as a dielectric at high temperatures around or above 300 ° C.
  • successive distributed support disks 5 are continuously slightly rotated against each other, wherein the individual conductors 1, 2 or conductor pairs 3 form a helix.
  • the conductor pairs 3 By guiding the conductor pairs 3 as a helix, these can be laid particularly advantageously in bends for length compensation of internal or external curves.
  • such a "twisting" offers a further reduction in particular of an electromagnetic radiation of the conductors 1, 2.
  • the conductor tube 4 enveloping the shield tube 4 can be placed at ground potential, or may be performed without electrical insulation by soil or seawater. At the operating frequencies in the range of 10-200 kHz, which are used here in comparison with the mains frequency, grounding is ensured by a capacitive short circuit even if a thin, e.g. 0.5 mm thick plastic outer coating is applied as corrosion protection. This results in significant advantages over a spatially further separate and unshielded leadership of return conductors 1, 2, as they are known from the prior art.
  • the pairs of conductors 3 including the shielding tube 4 can be passed through a commercially available wellhead made of steel, since there are no electromagnetic fields outside of the shielding tube. Otherwise, the electromagnetic fields would result in undesirable and unacceptable heating of a steel wellhead, or would require a non-conductive and non-ferromagnetic wellhead such as plastic. Plastic wellheads are not currently being developed.
  • a field-free and thus loss-free outdoor space is particularly advantageous in the implementation of a passage through seawater, since the electrical conductivity of the salt water of about 5 S / m by a multiple, about 10-1000 times higher than in a cover mountains onshore applications.
  • the passage of an unshielded inductor cable through seawater would lead to correspondingly higher and possibly unacceptable electrical losses, which can be avoided with the shielded multipair cable 3.
  • This multi-pair shielded line 3 connects a capacitively compensated conductor loop, which is laid in the reservoir, to a power generator, eg converter - not shown - on the surface.
  • a power generator eg converter - not shown - on the surface.
  • all Hinleiter 1 are combined and placed on an output terminal of the generator and also connected all the return line 2 and placed on the other output terminal of the generator.
  • all the leads 1 are laid on one branch of the conductor loop and all the return conductors 2 are placed on the other branch of the loop.
  • a decoupling of the power takes place on Inverter via an output transformer for electrical insulation and voltage adjustment to the load.
  • a Aus + gangstrafo be used with center tap.
  • the center tap can be grounded on the screen tube 4, wherein at the operating frequency, even a capacitive grounding is given when the shield tube 4 with an electrically insulating coating, such as plastic, protective coating, etc is wrapped.
  • a wave impedance of the line pairs 3 can be determined by appropriate cross-sectional configuration, ie pipe diameter and pipe spacing and distance to the shield tube 4, and a choice of the dielectric in wide ranges, eg 1 - 500 ohms. This is matched to generator and load impedance and electrical length of the line pairs 3. With the grounded center tap on the output transformer, a symmetrical output voltage is ensured. This is important to keep the shield tube 4 and all associated resources, such as a wellhead safely at ground potential.
  • a compensated inductor cable - as is the case here - itself connected directly to the output transformer of the inverter, an impedance matching must be ensured only by the output transformer.
  • Other transformations which also include some reactive-power compensation of the conductor loop, can also be achieved.

Landscapes

  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
  • Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)
  • Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Agencement de plusieurs paires ( 3 ) de conducteurs électriques pour l'alimentation symétrique d'une boucle conductrice compensée capacitivement pour le chauffage inductif et d'un tuyau ( 4 ) de blindage l'entourant, dans lequel
    des conducteurs d'aller ( 1 ) et de retour ( 2 ) de la paire ( 3 ) de conducteurs sont répartis en alternance et concyliquement et uniformément sur le pourtour d'un cercle, à l'intérieur du tuyau ( 4 ) de blindage entourant les plusieurs paires ( 3 ) de conducteurs et les conducteurs d'aller ( 1 ) et de retour ( 2 ) ont respectivement une section transversale en forme de secteur de cercle et le tuyau ( 4 ) de blindage est formé concentriquement en plusieurs couches et une couche, la plus à l'intérieur du tuyau ( 4 ) de blindage, est en matériau diamagnétique ou paramagnétique.
  2. Agencement suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la section transversale des conducteurs est creuse.
  3. Agencement suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'un isolant, servant de diélectrique entre les conducteurs d'aller ( 1 ) et de retour ( 2 ), est de la matière plastique ou de la céramique ou un fluide.
  4. Agencement suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il peut être prévu, à des intervalles définis à l'avance, des disques ( 5 ) d'appui pour le maintien ou pour le guidage des conducteurs ( 1, 2 ) ou des paires ( 3 ) de conducteurs dans le tuyau ( 4 ) de blindage.
  5. Agencement suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les conducteurs ( 1, 2 ) ou les paires ( 3 ) de conducteurs sont disposés sous la forme d'une hélice dans le tuyau ( 4 ) de blindage.
  6. Agencement suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les conducteurs ( 1, 2 ) sont en un matériau diamagnétique ou paramagnétique.
  7. Agencement suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'une couche extérieure du tuyau ( 4 ) de blindage est une couche isolante.
EP13786446.8A 2012-11-07 2013-10-24 Dispositif blindé à plusieurs paires en tant que ligne d'alimentation d'une boucle de chauffe par induction dans des gisements d'huiles lourdes Not-in-force EP2925956B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012220237.4A DE102012220237A1 (de) 2012-11-07 2012-11-07 Geschirmte Multipaaranordnung als Zuleitung zu einer induktiven Heizschleife in Schweröllagerstättenanwendungen
PCT/EP2013/072235 WO2014072180A2 (fr) 2012-11-07 2013-10-24 Dispositif blindé à plusieurs paires en tant que ligne d'alimentation d'une boucle de chauffe par induction dans des gisements d'huiles lourdes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2925956A2 EP2925956A2 (fr) 2015-10-07
EP2925956B1 true EP2925956B1 (fr) 2016-11-30

Family

ID=49546386

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13786446.8A Not-in-force EP2925956B1 (fr) 2012-11-07 2013-10-24 Dispositif blindé à plusieurs paires en tant que ligne d'alimentation d'une boucle de chauffe par induction dans des gisements d'huiles lourdes

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20150275636A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2925956B1 (fr)
BR (1) BR112015010009A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2890683C (fr)
DE (1) DE102012220237A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2651470C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014072180A2 (fr)

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CN108104783B (zh) * 2017-12-25 2020-08-04 濮阳市胜安德石油机械设备有限公司 一种连续油管稠油加热装置
US11187044B2 (en) 2019-12-10 2021-11-30 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Production cavern
US11460330B2 (en) 2020-07-06 2022-10-04 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Reducing noise in a vortex flow meter
US11725504B2 (en) 2021-05-24 2023-08-15 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Contactless real-time 3D mapping of surface equipment
US11619097B2 (en) 2021-05-24 2023-04-04 Saudi Arabian Oil Company System and method for laser downhole extended sensing

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20150275636A1 (en) 2015-10-01
RU2651470C2 (ru) 2018-04-20
RU2015121402A (ru) 2016-12-27
WO2014072180A3 (fr) 2014-11-20
CA2890683C (fr) 2017-01-03
CA2890683A1 (fr) 2014-05-15
DE102012220237A1 (de) 2014-05-08
BR112015010009A2 (pt) 2017-07-11
WO2014072180A2 (fr) 2014-05-15
EP2925956A2 (fr) 2015-10-07

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