EP2917635B1 - Motor vehicle lighting apparatus - Google Patents
Motor vehicle lighting apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2917635B1 EP2917635B1 EP13788933.3A EP13788933A EP2917635B1 EP 2917635 B1 EP2917635 B1 EP 2917635B1 EP 13788933 A EP13788933 A EP 13788933A EP 2917635 B1 EP2917635 B1 EP 2917635B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- light
- primary
- emission
- laser light
- laser
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
- F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
- F21S41/33—Multi-surface reflectors, e.g. reflectors with facets or reflectors with portions of different curvature
- F21S41/337—Multi-surface reflectors, e.g. reflectors with facets or reflectors with portions of different curvature the reflector having a structured surface, e.g. with facets or corrugations
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
- F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
- F21S41/16—Laser light sources
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
- F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
- F21S41/176—Light sources where the light is generated by photoluminescent material spaced from a primary light generating element
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S41/25—Projection lenses
- F21S41/275—Lens surfaces, e.g. coatings or surface structures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S45/00—Arrangements within vehicle lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, for purposes other than emission or distribution of light
- F21S45/70—Prevention of harmful light leakage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
- F21Y2115/30—Semiconductor lasers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a motor vehicle lighting device with a laser light source according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Laser light sources e.g. semiconductor lasers, laser diodes
- LEDs light emitting diodes
- One advantage of using laser light is that optical systems for laser light can be implemented with little installation space.
- lasers usually emit monochromatic light or light in a narrow range of wavelengths.
- white mixed light is usually desired or required by law.
- photoluminescence converters or photoluminescence elements To convert monochromatic light into polychromatic or white light, the use of photoluminescence converters or photoluminescence elements is known in the field of white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) or luminescence conversion LEDs. These usually have a photoluminescent dye.
- the light from an LED which usually emits colored (e.g. blue) light, excites the photoluminescent dye to photoluminescence, whereupon the photoluminescent dye itself emits light of other wavelengths (e.g. yellow). In this way, part of the incident light of one wavelength range can be converted into light of another wavelength range. As a rule, a further portion of the incident light is scattered by the photoluminescent element.
- LEDs white light-emitting diodes
- luminescence conversion LEDs usually have a photoluminescent dye.
- the light from an LED which usually emits colored (e.g. blue) light, excites the photoluminescent dye to photoluminescence, whereupon the
- the scattered light and the light emitted by photoluminescence then superimpose additively and lead e.g. to white mixed light.
- the mechanism of photoluminescence can be differentiated into fluorescence (short life) and phosphorescence (long life) depending on the lifetime of the excited state.
- the photoluminescence element is of relevance to safety.
- One problem is that if the position of the photoluminescent element is changed or if the photoluminescent element is destroyed (for example due to mechanical effects, accidents, manufacturing defects or design defects), potentially dangerous, highly focused laser beams can emerge from the motor vehicle lighting device.
- a lighting device with the features of the preamble of claim 1 is in the EP 2 461 092 A2 described.
- the object of the invention is to enable the use of laser light sources in motor vehicle lighting devices while adhering to safety requirements and to avoid as far as possible a hazard from strongly collimated laser beams emerging from the lighting device.
- the lighting device comprises a laser light source for emitting a primary light bundle in a primary solid angle area around a primary emission direction starting from the laser light source. Furthermore, a photoluminescent element is provided which is arranged in such a way that the primary light beam that can be emitted by the laser light source strikes the photoluminescent element. An intermediate optics or a beam guiding means, e.g. a light guide, may be provided to direct the laser light onto the photoluminescent element.
- the photoluminescent element is also designed in such a way that the incident primary light bundle can emit a secondary light distribution with, in particular, polychromatic or white light using photoluminescence.
- a (one-piece or multi-part) radiation optics device which is designed such that the secondary light distribution can be transformed (deflected and / or reflected and / or projected) into a desired radiation light distribution of the lighting device.
- the lighting device also comprises an emission inhibitor which is designed and arranged such that the transformation into the emission light distribution can be suppressed for those light bundles which, starting from the laser light source, run in the primary solid angle range around the primary emission direction.
- an emitted light distribution can be achieved which corresponds to the requirements and legal specifications for motor vehicle lighting devices.
- Possible areas of application are vehicle headlights and vehicle lights, for example signal lights.
- vehicle headlights and vehicle lights for example signal lights.
- the above-mentioned Use the advantages of the laser light source, in particular the high luminance, high intensity and high efficiency of the laser system. Such properties can be advantageous in particular for headlights, for example with a high beam function.
- the usually monochromatic laser light is converted via the photoluminescent element into light with the desired properties, in particular into polychromatic or white light.
- White light is, in particular, light that complies with legal requirements (eg ECE or SAE) that are specified for the various light functions.
- the highly collimated and coherent and therefore potentially dangerous laser light is converted into an at least partially diffuse, largely incoherent mixed light which essentially no longer has the hazard potential of laser light.
- the photoluminescent element is designed in particular such that it scatters the primary light bundle and that at least a portion of the primary light bundle serves to excite photoluminescence in the photoluminescent element.
- the photoluminescent element can for example be designed as a glass or ceramic plate which is coated with or contains a luminescent dye.
- a luminescent dye for example, phosphorus-containing luminescent dyes are suitable.
- blue laser light (wavelength approx. 450 nm) can be converted at least partially into yellow (especially incoherent) light, for example with wavelengths in the range around 570 nm (or, for example, a broad range between 450 nm) through photoluminescence in the photoluminescent element up to 780 nm).
- the converted light can additively mix with the blue light scattered on the photoluminescent element to form white light.
- the secondary light distribution is thus emitted, for example, by partially converting the primary light bundle via photoluminescence and partially (in particular diffuse and / or incoherent) scattering of the primary light bundle on the photoluminescent element.
- the laser light source acting as the primary light source
- a primary light bundle runs essentially in the primary solid angle range around the primary beam direction.
- the laser light source can also include beam shaping means, intermediate optics and / or beam guiding means, which direct the primary light bundle into the primary solid angle range around the primary emission direction.
- the laser light source can comprise a laser diode and a primary light guide (e.g. glass fiber), the light emitted by the laser diode being able to be coupled in and guided through the primary light guide into the primary solid angle area around the primary emission direction.
- the primary light bundle normally hits the photoluminescent element. This emits the secondary light distribution by stimulating photoluminescence and / or by scattering.
- the light beams of the secondary light distribution impinge on the radiation optics device and are transformed by this into the radiation light distribution of the lighting device, which is usually concentrated around a main radiation direction.
- the photoluminescent element acts as the actual light source for the emitting optics device, the secondary light distribution of which essentially no longer exhibits the hazard potential of laser light.
- the potentially dangerous laser light in the primary light beam therefore does not reach the emitted light distribution directly.
- the photoluminescent element thus ensures compliance with the safety requirements outlined at the beginning during normal operation.
- the photoluminescent element can be arranged directly on the laser light source.
- the photoluminescent element can also be arranged at a distance from the laser light source, since the emitted laser light bundles due to their close focus and collimation (or through an intermediate lens) can also be directed to a spaced photoluminescent element.
- the radiation optics device can be used as a reflector, e.g. parabolic reflector or as a reflector arrangement. It is also possible that the radiation optics device is used as a projection device, e.g. comprising a projection lens.
- the radiation optics device can also consist of several optical elements, e.g. Primary optics and secondary optics.
- the photoluminescent element is not arranged in the beam path of the primary light bundle (e.g. broken or displaced) due to mechanical influences, an accident or construction faults, the laser light of the primary light bundle is suppressed by the radiation inhibitor.
- the emission inhibitor is thus arranged in such a way that it is prevented that potentially dangerous laser light reaches the emission light distribution.
- the radiation inhibitor can be arranged in the beam path behind the photoluminescent element (and for example in front of the radiation optics device) at a location through which the primary light bundle of the laser light source would radiate in the absence of the photoluminescent element.
- the primary beam direction is to be understood as a primary beam axis (i.e. an axis defined in the spatial course with respect to the laser light source).
- the laser light source is designed to emit a primary light beam into the primary solid angle element about the primary beam axis.
- the emission inhibitor is set up so that the transformation into the emission light distribution can be suppressed for those light bundles which run in the primary solid angle range around the primary beam axis.
- each laser beam can be used in an emission inhibitor in the interior of the lighting device be terminated. In the event of a malfunction, a hazard from emitted laser beams is therefore avoided in a manner that is easy to implement.
- This protective device has a high level of functional reliability since, in particular, movable mechanical components or complex electronic controls are not absolutely necessary.
- the above-mentioned suppression of the radiation takes place insofar as the deformation for the light bundles running in the primary solid angle range around the primary radiation direction is inhibited or weakened or at least substantially prevented or completely prevented.
- the radiation inhibitor is designed in particular such that the maximum intensity of a light bundle running in the primary solid angle range around the primary radiation direction is reduced to a predetermined fraction, in particular in the range from 0.01% to 30% of the original maximum light intensity.
- the radiation inhibitor can in particular be designed to be matched to the laser light source in such a way that the intensity of a light bundle running in the primary solid angle range around the primary radiation direction can be lowered below a predetermined safety value.
- the influence of the radiation inhibitor on the radiation light distribution is small or negligible. This is due to the fact that the extent of the radiation inhibitor is preferably dimensioned in such a way that the collimated and high-intensity laser light of the primary light bundle is suppressed in the event that it strikes directly (without a photoluminescent element).
- the photoluminescent element when the photoluminescent element is effective, the emitted light distribution is essentially generated by the secondary light distribution. This is less collimated and more diffuse. The power of the secondary light distribution is therefore distributed more homogeneously in the room. A suppression of light rays in the comparatively small primary solid angle range around the primary emission direction therefore leads to Normal operation does not result in a noticeable loss of performance or disturbances in the light distribution.
- the radiation inhibitor is preferably arranged on the radiation optics device itself.
- an arrangement in an entry position of the radiation optics device is possible.
- the entry position is the one in which a light bundle (starting from the laser light source) in the primary solid angle range around the primary emission direction strikes the emission optics device for the first time.
- the radiation inhibitor can be arranged in an exit position of the radiation optics device. This exit position is the one through which a light bundle proceeding from the laser light source in the primary solid angle region around the primary emission direction emerges from the emission optics device after it has hit or entered the latter.
- an emission inhibitor can be arranged both in the entry position and in the exit position.
- the radiation inhibitor is preferably arranged in the beam path between the photoluminescent element and the radiation optics device. This prevents potentially dangerous laser light from being deflected or transformed by the emitting optics device in the direction of the emitting light distribution from the outset.
- the radiation inhibitor can also be arranged in the beam path only after an entry position of the emitting optics device, for example in or after an exit position of the emitting optics device. As a result, the transformation of the light bundle influenced by the emission inhibitor into the emission light distribution is also suppressed as a result.
- the radiation inhibitor is preferably arranged at a distance from the photoluminescent element and from the radiation optics device. This can be an advantage, since the radiation inhibitor can heat up when exposed to high-intensity laser light.
- the radiation inhibitor comprises a deflecting prism which is designed in such a way that a light beam impinging on the deflecting prism and passing through the deflecting prism can be deflected in such a way that it does not contribute to the emission of light distribution.
- a configuration is conceivable such that an incident light bundle is deflected into an absorber or a light trap, preferably in the interior of the lighting device. The deflection takes place preferably in a direction essentially perpendicular to the main emission direction of the lighting device.
- the emission optics device comprises a projection lens, the emission inhibiting means being designed as a deflecting prism which is integrally formed on a light passage surface of the projection lens.
- This light passage area can be a light entry area or a light exit area of the projection lens.
- the deflecting prism is designed, in particular, in such a way that a light beam running through the deflecting prism is deflected in such a way that it does not contribute to the light distribution (e.g. in a direction essentially perpendicular to the main direction of emission of the lighting device).
- the deflecting prism can have at least one convex or concave curved surface in such a way that a light bundle deflected (in particular initially collimated) by the deflecting prism is converted into a diverging light bundle. This reduces the light intensity in the deflected light bundle and is advantageous if a laser beam deflected with the deflecting prism is to be terminated, for example in an absorber or a light trap, since the power can be distributed over a larger area.
- a protective screen is provided in the beam path between the laser light source and the radiation optics device. This can be arranged in the beam path between the laser light source and the photoluminescent element and / or between the photoluminescent element and the radiation optics device his.
- the protective screen is preferably designed in such a way that such light bundles are absorbed or reflected which, starting from the laser light source, run outside a safe solid angle range around the primary emission direction of the laser light source.
- the safe solid angle range is preferably selected to be exactly the same as the primary solid angle range around the primary emission direction, i.e. the protective screen is designed in particular in such a way that light bundles are absorbed or reflected which run outside the primary solid angle area around the primary emission direction.
- the protective screen is preferably designed as a perforated screen.
- the protective screen can be arranged at a distance from the laser light source and the photoluminescent element. However, it is also conceivable that the protective screen is arranged in contact with the photoluminescent element or against the laser light source.
- the laser light source is preferably designed as a semiconductor laser, in particular as a laser diode.
- Laser light sources can be selected which emit essentially monochromatic light.
- a blue laser diode can be used that emits light with a wavelength in the range of 450 nm.
- the photoluminescent element is no longer in the beam path of the primary light bundle in the event of a fault, there is a risk that the laser beam will cause further damage to the lighting devices.
- parts of the lighting device or the radiation inhibitor itself can heat up strongly as a result of the incident laser beam, which can lead to fire hazard.
- Further damage to the lighting device can be avoided by deactivating the laser light source if there is a fault.
- a detection device can be provided, by means of which the intensity of laser light in the primary solid angle range around the primary beam direction can be monitored. A sharp increase in the recorded intensity can indicate a malfunction. It can then be provided that the laser light source is switched off on the basis of a detector signal from the detection device.
- the laser light source can be switched off with a longer reaction time with regard to traffic safety.
- a simple detection device with possibly simple control electronics can therefore be used.
- lighting devices are outlined that can be used, for example, as vehicle headlights.
- lighting devices are outlined that can be used, for example, as vehicle headlights. Corresponding configurations are also possible for motor vehicle lights or other motor vehicle lighting devices.
- the Figure 1 shows a motor vehicle lighting device 10 with a laser light source 12. This emits a primary light bundle 14 of laser light which is collimated and concentrated around a primary emission direction 16 in a small primary solid angle range.
- a protective screen 18 designed as a perforated screen is arranged in the beam path following the laser light source 12. This can be present or omitted in all embodiments.
- the protective screen 18 serves to suppress laser beams which run outside of a safe solid angle range defined by the pinhole opening of the protective screen 18 as immediately as possible after being emitted by the laser light source 12.
- a photoluminescent element 20 is arranged in such a way that the primary light bundle 14 strikes the photoluminescent element 20. This is excited to photoluminescence by the laser light of the primary light bundle 14 and, if necessary, scatters part of the laser light of the primary light bundle diffusely.
- the impinging primary light bundle 14 therefore causes the photoluminescent element 20 to emit a secondary light distribution 22 which fills a secondary solid angle area which is significantly larger than the primary solid angle area.
- the light of the secondary light distribution 22 is preferably incoherent, polychromatic or white and in particular no longer has the potentially dangerous properties of laser light.
- An emission optics device 24 embodied as a reflector in the example shown, is used to convert the light bundles of the secondary light distribution 22 into an emission light distribution 26 (here: to deflect), which is essentially concentrated around a main emission direction 28 of the lighting device 10.
- the photoluminescent element 20 If, in the case of the lighting device 10, the photoluminescent element 20 is removed from its position shown, for example due to mechanical influences, an accident or an assembly error, the laser light of the primary light bundle 14 strikes the emission optics device 24 (reflector) along the primary emission direction 16 and is included in the emission light distribution 26 deflected. In such an incident, the lighting device 10 would therefore contain potentially dangerous, high-intensity laser beams in the light distribution 26.
- the illustrated lighting device 40 has an emission inhibitor 30 which is designed and arranged in such a way that a transformation into the emission light distribution 26 is suppressed for those light bundles which, starting from the laser light source 12, run in the primary emission direction 16 or a small primary solid angle range around the primary emission direction 16.
- the reflector-designed radiation optics device 24 of the lighting device 40 has a hole 42 in the reflector surface at the location at which the light bundles running in the primary radiation direction 16 or in the small primary solid angle area around the primary radiation direction 16 hit the reflector surface of the radiation optics device 24 to meet.
- the light bundles impinging in the area of the hole 42 are therefore not deflected by the emitting optics device 24 into the emitted light distribution 26, which has a negligible influence on the emitted light distribution 26 due to the extended and more divergent nature of the secondary light distribution 22.
- the Figure 3 shows the lighting device 40 in a damaged state in which the photoluminescent element 20 is no longer arranged in the beam path of the primary light bundle 14.
- the primary light bundle 14 is planted in the primary emission direction 16 (or in Place in the reflector surface of the emitting optics device 24, in which the primary light bundle 14 spreading in the primary solid angle range around the primary emission direction 16 hits the emitting optics device 24, a deflection of the laser light into the emitted light distribution 26 of the lighting device 40 is prevented.
- the extent of the hole 42 is at least dimensioned in such a way that all or most of the light rays propagating from the laser light source 12 into the primary solid angle range around the primary emission direction 16 pass through the hole 42 and are therefore not deflected by the emission optics device 24.
- the Figure 4 shows an illumination device 50.
- the radiation optics device 24 has a reflector surface on which a facet element 52 is provided.
- the facet element 52 is arranged on the reflector surface of the emitting optics device 24 in such a way that light beams propagating around the primary emission direction 16 strike the facet element 52 in a primary solid angle range.
- the facet element 52 is designed such that the incident light beams are directed into an area facing away from the main emission direction 28 of the lighting device 50 and thus do not contribute to the emission light distribution of the lighting device 50.
- the facet element 52 thus acts as an emission inhibitor 30.
- the lighting device 50 can have an absorber element 56 or some other device acting as a light trap.
- the absorber element 56 is preferably arranged such that for
- the lighting device 50 can have an absorber element 56 or some other device acting as a light trap.
- the absorber element 56 is preferably arranged in such a way that the associated stray light bundle 54 hits the absorber element 56 for all light beams deflected by the facet element 52.
- the radiation inhibitor 30 is formed by an absorbent screen 62, for example. This is arranged and dimensioned in its extension in such a way that such light bundles are absorbed by the diaphragm 62, which, starting from the laser light source 12, run in a primary solid angle range around the primary emission direction 16.
- the diaphragm 62 is arranged in the beam path between the laser light source 12 and the emitting optics device 24, the diaphragm 62 being spaced apart from both the emitting optics device 24 and from the laser light source 12.
- the diaphragm 62 is arranged on the emitting optics device 24 and there absorbs the undesired light bundles before being deflected into the emitted light distribution.
- a photoluminescent element 20 arranged in the beam path of the primary light bundle 14 is again absent.
- An undesired deflection of laser beams into the emitted light distribution is, however, suppressed by the diaphragm 62.
- the diaphragm 62 is preferably also arranged in such a way that it is spaced apart from the photoluminescent element 20 when this is arranged in the beam path of the primary light bundle 14 as provided.
- the radiation optics device 24 comprises a projection lens or is formed by this.
- the radiation optics device can also comprise combinations of projection lens and reflector or of several projection lenses and / or several reflectors.
- the Figure 6 shows an illumination device 70 with an emission optics device 24 designed as a projection lens 74 From the laser light source 12, a primary light bundle of laser light 14 hits the photoluminescent element 20 and causes this to emit a secondary light distribution 22 in the manner described above. This is projected into the emitted light distribution 26 via the projection lens 74.
- the projection lens 74 has, as light passage surfaces, a light entry face 75a through which light bundles from the secondary light distribution 22 can enter the projection lens 74, and a light exit face 75b through which light bundles can exit from the projection lens 74.
- an entry position 76 is defined as that area in which a light bundle extending from the laser light source 12 in the primary emission direction 16 (or a primary solid angle area around this primary emission direction 16) strikes the emission optics device 24 (projection lens 74) for the first time.
- the light entry surface 75a has a screen 72 for absorbing light rays. It is also conceivable that the light entry surface 75a in the entry position 76 has a light scattering element by means of which potentially dangerous laser light can be converted into harmless scattered light.
- the diaphragm 72 forms an emission inhibitor 30, since the diaphragm 72 suppresses the transformation into the emitted light distribution 26 for those light bundles which run in the primary solid angle region around the primary emission direction 16.
- the photoluminescent element 20 is no longer in the beam path of the primary light bundle 14 due to a fault, the potentially harmful laser light of the primary light bundle 14 is absorbed by the diaphragm 72.
- the projection lens 74 can also have a corresponding diaphragm or a corresponding light scattering element on its light exit surface 75b. This is arranged at the exit position 78, in which light rays emerge from the projection lens 74, which starting from the laser light source 12 in the primary solid angle range around the Primary emission direction 16 extending over the light entry surface 75 were coupled into the projection lens 74.
- the diaphragm or the light scattering element is arranged and dimensioned in such a way that the reshaping (projection) into the emitted light distribution 26 is suppressed for all those light beams which, starting from the laser light source 12, are attributable to primary light bundles running around the primary emission direction 16 in the primary solid angle range are.
- a protective screen 80 designed as a perforated screen is provided in the lighting device 70 (conceivable for all embodiments of the invention).
- the protective screen 80 has a screen opening which is designed in such a way that light bundles are absorbed which run outside a safe solid angle range around the primary radiation direction 16. This can prevent harmful laser beams from reaching the emitted light distribution 26 via the projection lens 74 in the event of a misalignment of the laser light source 12 with respect to the photoluminescent element 20.
- the lighting device 90 has the radiation optics device 24, which in turn is designed as a projection lens 74, has a deflecting prism 92 on its light exit surface 75b.
- the deflecting prism 92 is integrally formed on the projection lens 74.
- the deflecting prism 92 is designed and dimensioned in such a way that such light bundles running in the projection lens 74, which can be traced back to light bundles running from the laser light source 12 in a primary solid angle range around the primary emission direction 16, can be deflected into a stray light distribution 94.
- this stray light distribution 94 spreads essentially perpendicular to the main emission direction 28 of the lighting device 90. Therefore, the stray light distribution 94 does not contribute to the radiated light distribution.
- the photoluminescent element 20 is shown in the beam path starting from the laser light source 12 (e.g. due to an accident or a design fault)
- the laser light of the primary light bundle 14 is deflected after entering the light entry surface 75a into the projection lens 74 by the deflecting prism 92 into the stray light distribution 94 and is therefore not included in the emitted light distribution of the lighting device 90.
- the deflecting prism 92 therefore acts as a radiation inhibitor in the above-mentioned sense.
- the deflecting prism 92 can have a deflecting surface and / or a light exit surface with a convex or concave curvature, which is selected such that the stray light distribution 94 is divergent in such a way that no potentially dangerous light intensities occur.
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- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kfz-Beleuchtungsvorrichtung mit einer Laserlichtquelle gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a motor vehicle lighting device with a laser light source according to the preamble of claim 1.
Laserlichtquellen (z.B. Halbleiterlaser, Laserdioden) bieten für Beleuchtungsanwendungen eine Reihe von vorteilhaften Eigenschaften, wie z.B. eine kleine lichtaussendende Fläche, hohe Strahlungsintensitäten, sowie die Ausstrahlung von weitgehend kollimierten Lichtbündeln. Für Laserlicht können daher optische Systeme mit kleineren Brennweiten stärker gebündelten Strahlverläufen aufgebaut werden, als für weniger stark kollimierte Lichtbündel von zum Beispiel Glühlampen oder Leuchtdioden (LEDs). Ein Vorteil der Verwendung von Laserlicht besteht somit darin, dass sich optische Systeme für Laserlicht mit geringem Bauraum realisieren lassen.Laser light sources (e.g. semiconductor lasers, laser diodes) offer a number of advantageous properties for lighting applications, such as a small area that emits light, high radiation intensities and the emission of largely collimated light bundles. For laser light, optical systems with smaller focal lengths can therefore be set up more strongly bundled beam paths than for less strongly collimated light bundles from, for example, incandescent lamps or light emitting diodes (LEDs). One advantage of using laser light is that optical systems for laser light can be implemented with little installation space.
Diese Vorteile lassen sich jedoch im Bereich der Kfz-Beleuchtung aus verschiedenen Gründen nicht ohne weiteres nutzen.However, for various reasons, these advantages cannot easily be used in the field of motor vehicle lighting.
Zum einen strahlen Laser in der Regel monochromatisches Licht oder Licht in einem engen Wellenlängenbereich aus. Für das abgestrahlte Licht beispielsweise eines Kfz-Scheinwerfers ist jedoch meist weißes Mischlicht erwünscht oder gesetzlich vorgeschrieben.On the one hand, lasers usually emit monochromatic light or light in a narrow range of wavelengths. For the emitted light from a motor vehicle headlight, for example, white mixed light is usually desired or required by law.
Weitere Probleme bei der Verwendung in der Kfz-Beleuchtung ergeben sich daraus, dass Laser in der Regel kohärentes und stark kollimiertes Licht ausstrahlen. Bei den typischen hohen Strahlungsintensitäten von Laserlichtquellen ist solches Licht potenziell gefährlich, insbesondere für das menschliche Auge. Dies gilt insbesondere bei Strahlungsleistungen von einigen Watt, wie sie im Bereich der Kfz-Beleuchtung erwünscht ist.Further problems with the use in automotive lighting arise from the fact that lasers usually emit coherent and strongly collimated light. With the typical high radiation intensities of laser light sources, such light is potentially dangerous, especially for the human eye. This applies in particular to radiation outputs of a few watts, as is desirable in the field of automotive lighting.
Eine Verwendung von Laserlichtquellen in Kfz-Beleuchtungen ist daher nur dann möglich, wenn die Einhaltung von Sicherheitsvorschriften zum Betrieb von Lasereinrichtungen sichergestellt ist. Insbesondere darf aus einem Kfz-Scheinwerfer nur Licht mit einer Intensität unterhalb von vorgeschriebenen Grenzwerten austreten. Eine Blendung oder Gefährdung von Verkehrsteilnehmern muss vermieden werden. Ein besonderes Problem besteht darin, dass die Einhaltung der Sicherheitsanforderungen auch dann gewährleistet sein muss, wenn die Beleuchtungsvorrichtung beispielsweise durch mechanische Einwirkung, Unfall oder Montagefehler verformt oder dejustiert ist. In jedem Fall muss die Beleuchtungsvorrichtung die Sicherheitsvorschriften für den Betrieb von Laseranlagen einhalten.The use of laser light sources in motor vehicle lighting is therefore only possible if compliance with safety regulations for the operation of laser devices is ensured. In particular, only light with an intensity below prescribed limit values may emerge from a motor vehicle headlight. Blinding or endangering road users must be avoided. One A particular problem is that compliance with the safety requirements must also be guaranteed if the lighting device is deformed or misaligned, for example due to mechanical effects, accidents or assembly errors. In any case, the lighting device must comply with the safety regulations for the operation of laser systems.
Zur Umwandlung von monochromatischem Licht in polychromatisches oder weißes Licht ist im Bereich der weißen Leuchtdioden (LEDs) oder Lumineszenzkonversions-LEDs die Verwendung von Photolumineszenzkonvertern oder Photolumineszenzelementen bekannt. Diese weisen meist einen Photolumineszenzfarbstoff auf. Das Licht einer üblicherweise farbiges (z.B. blaues) Licht ausstrahlenden LED regt den Photolumineszenzfarbstoff zur Photolumineszenz an, worauf der Photolumineszenzfarbstoff selbst Licht anderer Wellenlängen (z.B. gelb) abgibt. Auf diese Weise kann ein Teil des eingestrahlten Lichts eines Wellenlängenbereichs in Licht eines anderen Wellenlängenbereichs umgewandelt werden. In der Regel wird ein weiterer Anteil des eingestrahlten Lichts von dem Photolumineszenzelement gestreut. Das gestreute Licht und das durch Photolumineszenz ausgestrahlte Licht überlagern sich dann additiv und führen z.B. zu weißem Mischlicht. Der Mechanismus der Photolumineszenz kann je nach Lebensdauer des angeregten Zustands in Fluoreszenz (kurze Lebensdauer) und Phosphoreszenz (lange Lebensdauer) unterschieden werden.To convert monochromatic light into polychromatic or white light, the use of photoluminescence converters or photoluminescence elements is known in the field of white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) or luminescence conversion LEDs. These usually have a photoluminescent dye. The light from an LED, which usually emits colored (e.g. blue) light, excites the photoluminescent dye to photoluminescence, whereupon the photoluminescent dye itself emits light of other wavelengths (e.g. yellow). In this way, part of the incident light of one wavelength range can be converted into light of another wavelength range. As a rule, a further portion of the incident light is scattered by the photoluminescent element. The scattered light and the light emitted by photoluminescence then superimpose additively and lead e.g. to white mixed light. The mechanism of photoluminescence can be differentiated into fluorescence (short life) and phosphorescence (long life) depending on the lifetime of the excited state.
Wird das erläuterte Prinzip der Photolumineszenzkonversion bei einer Kfz-Beleuchtungsvorrichtung mit Laserlichtquelle eingesetzt, so kommt dem Photolumineszenzelement sicherheitsrelevante Bedeutung zu. Ein Problem besteht darin, dass bei Veränderung der Position des Photolumineszenzelements oder bei Zerstörung des Photolumineszenzelements (z.B. durch mechanische Einwirkung, Unfall, Fertigungsfehler oder Konstruktionsfehler) potenziell gefährliche, stark gebündelte Laserstrahlen aus der Kfz-Beleuchtungsvorrichtung austreten können. Eine Beleuchtungseinrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1 ist in der
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, bei Kfz-Beleuchtungsvorrichtungen den Einsatz von Laserlichtquellen unter Einhaltung von Sicherheitsanforderungen zu ermöglichen und eine Gefährdung durch aus der Beleuchtungsvorrichtung austretende, stark kollimierte Laserstrahlen weitestgehend zu vermeiden.The object of the invention is to enable the use of laser light sources in motor vehicle lighting devices while adhering to safety requirements and to avoid as far as possible a hazard from strongly collimated laser beams emerging from the lighting device.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Kfz-Beleuchtungsvorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by a motor vehicle lighting device with the features of claim 1.
Die Beleuchtungsvorrichtung umfasst eine Laserlichtquelle zur Ausstrahlung eines Primärlichtbündels in einen Primärraumwinkelbereich um eine Primärabstrahlrichtung ausgehend von der Laserlichtquelle. Ferner ist ein Photolumineszenzelement vorgesehen, welches derart angeordnet ist, dass das mit der Laserlichtquelle ausstrahlbare Primärlichtbündel auf das Photolumineszenzelement auftrifft. Dabei kann eine Zwischenoptik oder ein Strahlführungsmittel, z.B. ein Lichtleiter, vorgesehen sein, um das Laserlicht auf das Photolumineszenzelement zu lenken. Das Photolumineszenzelement ist außerdem derart ausgebildet, dass durch das auftreffende Primärlichtbündel eine Sekundärlichtverteilung mit insbesondere polychromatischem oder weißem Licht unter Ausnutzung von Photolumineszenz ausstrahlbar ist. Ferner ist eine (einteilig oder mehrteilig ausgebildete) Abstrahloptikeinrichtung vorgesehen, welche derart ausgebildet ist, dass die Sekundärlichtverteilung in eine gewünschte Abstrahllichtverteilung der Beleuchtungsvorrichtung umformbar (umlenkbar und/oder reflektierbar und/oder projizierbar) ist. Die Beleuchtungsvorrichtung umfasst außerdem ein Abstrahlhemmungsmittel, welches derart ausgebildet und angeordnet ist, dass die Umformung in die Abstrahllichtverteilung für solche Lichtbündel unterdrückbar ist, welche ausgehend von der Laserlichtquelle in dem Primärraumwinkelbereich um die Primärabstrahlrichtung verlaufen.The lighting device comprises a laser light source for emitting a primary light bundle in a primary solid angle area around a primary emission direction starting from the laser light source. Furthermore, a photoluminescent element is provided which is arranged in such a way that the primary light beam that can be emitted by the laser light source strikes the photoluminescent element. An intermediate optics or a beam guiding means, e.g. a light guide, may be provided to direct the laser light onto the photoluminescent element. The photoluminescent element is also designed in such a way that the incident primary light bundle can emit a secondary light distribution with, in particular, polychromatic or white light using photoluminescence. Furthermore, a (one-piece or multi-part) radiation optics device is provided, which is designed such that the secondary light distribution can be transformed (deflected and / or reflected and / or projected) into a desired radiation light distribution of the lighting device. The lighting device also comprises an emission inhibitor which is designed and arranged such that the transformation into the emission light distribution can be suppressed for those light bundles which, starting from the laser light source, run in the primary solid angle range around the primary emission direction.
Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Beleuchtungseinrichtung kann eine Abstrahllichtverteilung erzielt werden, welche den Anforderungen und gesetzlichen Vorgaben für Kfz-Beleuchtungsvorrichtungen entspricht. Mögliche Einsatzgebiete sind Kfz-Scheinwerfer und Kfz-Leuchten, beispielsweise Signalleuchten. Dabei lassen sich die eingangs genannten Vorteile der Laserlichtquelle nutzen, insbesondere die hohe Leuchtdichte, hohe Intensität und hohe Effizienz des Lasersystems. Solche Eigenschaften können insbesondere für Scheinwerfer, beispielsweise mit Fernlichtfunktion vorteilhaft sein.With the lighting device according to the invention, an emitted light distribution can be achieved which corresponds to the requirements and legal specifications for motor vehicle lighting devices. Possible areas of application are vehicle headlights and vehicle lights, for example signal lights. The above-mentioned Use the advantages of the laser light source, in particular the high luminance, high intensity and high efficiency of the laser system. Such properties can be advantageous in particular for headlights, for example with a high beam function.
Das in der Regel monochromatische Laserlicht wird über das Photolumineszenzelement in Licht mit den gewünschten Eigenschaften umgewandelt, insbesondere in polychromatisches bzw. weißes Licht. Weißes Licht ist dabei insbesondere Licht, welches gesetzlichen Vorgaben (z.B. ECE oder SAE) entspricht, die für die verschiedenen Lichtfunktionen festgelegt sind. Vorzugsweise wird das hochgradig kollimierte und kohärente und damit potenziell gefährdende Laserlicht in ein zumindest teilweise diffuses, weitgehend inkohärentes Mischlicht umgewandelt, welches das Gefährdungspotenzial von Laserlicht im Wesentlichen nicht mehr aufweist. Das Photolumineszenzelement ist insbesondere derart ausgebildet, dass es das Primärlichtbündel streut und dass zumindest ein Anteil des Primärlichtbündels zur Anregung von Photolumineszenz im Photolumineszenzelement dient. Das Photolumineszenzelement kann beispielsweise als Glas- oder Keramikplättchen ausgebildet sein, welches mit einem Lumineszenzfarbstoff beschichtet ist oder diesen enthält. Insbesondere kommen phosphorhaltige Lumineszenzfarbstoffe in Betracht. Mit solchen Farbstoffen kann z.B. im Wesentlichen monochromatisches, blaues Laserlicht (Wellenlänge ca. 450 nm) durch Photolumineszenz im Photolumineszenzelement zumindest teilweise in gelbes (insbesondere inkohärentes) Licht zum Beispiel mit Wellenlängen im Bereich um 570 nm (oder z.B. auch einem breiten Bereich zwischen 450 nm bis 780 nm) umgewandelt werden. Das umgewandelte Licht kann sich mit dem an dem Photolumineszenzelement gestreuten blauen Licht additiv zu weißem Licht mischen. Die Ausstrahlung der Sekundärlichtverteilung erfolgt also z.B. durch teilweise Umwandlung des Primärlichtbündels über Photolumineszenz und durch teilweise (insbesondere diffuse und/oder inkohärente) Streuung des Primärlichtbündels am Photolumineszenzelement.The usually monochromatic laser light is converted via the photoluminescent element into light with the desired properties, in particular into polychromatic or white light. White light is, in particular, light that complies with legal requirements (eg ECE or SAE) that are specified for the various light functions. Preferably, the highly collimated and coherent and therefore potentially dangerous laser light is converted into an at least partially diffuse, largely incoherent mixed light which essentially no longer has the hazard potential of laser light. The photoluminescent element is designed in particular such that it scatters the primary light bundle and that at least a portion of the primary light bundle serves to excite photoluminescence in the photoluminescent element. The photoluminescent element can for example be designed as a glass or ceramic plate which is coated with or contains a luminescent dye. In particular, phosphorus-containing luminescent dyes are suitable. With such dyes, for example, essentially monochromatic, blue laser light (wavelength approx. 450 nm) can be converted at least partially into yellow (especially incoherent) light, for example with wavelengths in the range around 570 nm (or, for example, a broad range between 450 nm) through photoluminescence in the photoluminescent element up to 780 nm). The converted light can additively mix with the blue light scattered on the photoluminescent element to form white light. The secondary light distribution is thus emitted, for example, by partially converting the primary light bundle via photoluminescence and partially (in particular diffuse and / or incoherent) scattering of the primary light bundle on the photoluminescent element.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Beleuchtungsvorrichtung ergibt sich im normalen Betrieb folgender Strahlengang: Ausgehend von der als Primärlichtquelle wirkenden Laserlichtquelle verläuft ein Primärlichtbündel (Laserlicht) im Wesentlichen in dem Primärraumwinkelbereich um die Primärstrahlrichtung herum. Dabei kann die Laserlichtquelle neben dem eigentlich lichtausstrahlen Abschnitt (z.B. optisch aktive Fläche einer Laserdiode) auch ein Strahlformungsmittel, eine Zwischenoptik und/oder ein Strahlführungsmittel umfassen, welche das Primärlichtbündel in den Primärraumwinkelbereich um die Primärabstrahlrichtung lenken. Beispielsweise kann die Laserlichtquelle eine Laserdiode und einen Primärlichtleiter (z.B. Glasfaser) umfassen, wobei das von der Laserdiode ausgestrahlte Licht einkoppelbar ist und durch den Primärlichtleiter in den Primärraumwinkelbereich um die Primärabstrahlrichtung geführt wird.With the lighting device according to the invention, the following beam path results in normal operation: Starting from the laser light source acting as the primary light source, a primary light bundle (laser light) runs essentially in the primary solid angle range around the primary beam direction. In addition to the actual light emitting section (e.g. optically active surface of a laser diode), the laser light source can also include beam shaping means, intermediate optics and / or beam guiding means, which direct the primary light bundle into the primary solid angle range around the primary emission direction. For example, the laser light source can comprise a laser diode and a primary light guide (e.g. glass fiber), the light emitted by the laser diode being able to be coupled in and guided through the primary light guide into the primary solid angle area around the primary emission direction.
Das Primärlichtbündel trifft im Normalfall auf das Photolumineszenzelement. Dieses gibt durch Anregung zur Photolumineszenz und/oder durch Streuung die Sekundärlichtverteilung ab. Die Lichtstrahlen der Sekundärlichtverteilung treffen auf die Abstrahloptikeinrichtung und werden von dieser in die, in der Regel um eine Hauptabstrahlrichtung konzentrierte, Abstrahllichtverteilung der Beleuchtungsvorrichtung umgeformt.The primary light bundle normally hits the photoluminescent element. This emits the secondary light distribution by stimulating photoluminescence and / or by scattering. The light beams of the secondary light distribution impinge on the radiation optics device and are transformed by this into the radiation light distribution of the lighting device, which is usually concentrated around a main radiation direction.
Insofern wirkt das Photolumineszenzelement für die Abstrahloptikeinrichtung als die eigentliche Lichtquelle, deren Sekundärlichtverteilung das Gefährdungspotenzial von Laserlicht im Wesentlichen nicht mehr aufweist. Das potenziell gefährliche Laserlicht im Primärlichtbündel gelangt daher nicht direkt in die Abstrahllichtverteilung. Das Photolumineszenzelement gewährleistet somit im Normalbetrieb die Einhaltung der eingangs geschilderten Sicherheitsanforderungen.In this respect, the photoluminescent element acts as the actual light source for the emitting optics device, the secondary light distribution of which essentially no longer exhibits the hazard potential of laser light. The potentially dangerous laser light in the primary light beam therefore does not reach the emitted light distribution directly. The photoluminescent element thus ensures compliance with the safety requirements outlined at the beginning during normal operation.
Das Photolumineszenzelement kann direkt an der Laserlichtquelle angeordnet sein. Anders als bei bekannten weißen LEDs kann das Photolumineszenzelement aber auch beabstandet von der Laserlichtquelle angeordnet sein, da die ausgestrahlten Laserlichtbündel aufgrund ihrer engen Fokussierung und Kollimierung (oder durch eine Zwischenoptik) auch auf ein beabstandetes Photolumineszenzelement gerichtet sein können.The photoluminescent element can be arranged directly on the laser light source. In contrast to known white LEDs, the photoluminescent element can also be arranged at a distance from the laser light source, since the emitted laser light bundles due to their close focus and collimation (or through an intermediate lens) can also be directed to a spaced photoluminescent element.
Die Abstrahloptikeinrichtung kann als Reflektor, z.B. parabolischer Reflektor oder als Reflektoranordnung, ausgebildet sein. Ebenso ist möglich, dass die Abstrahloptikeinrichtung als Projektionseinrichtung, z.B. umfassend eine Projektionslinse, ausgebildet ist. Die Abstrahloptikeinrichtung kann auch aus mehreren Optikelementen bestehen, z.B. Primäroptik und Sekundäroptik.The radiation optics device can be used as a reflector, e.g. parabolic reflector or as a reflector arrangement. It is also possible that the radiation optics device is used as a projection device, e.g. comprising a projection lens. The radiation optics device can also consist of several optical elements, e.g. Primary optics and secondary optics.
Ist das Photolumineszenzelement beispielsweise aufgrund mechanischer Einflüsse, einen Unfall oder Konstruktionsfehler nicht im Strahlengang des Primärlichtbündels angeordnet (z.B. zerbrochen oder verschoben), so wird das Laserlicht des Primärlichtbündels durch das Abstrahlhemmungsmittel unterdrückt. Dadurch wird verhindert, dass trotz des nicht mehr wirksamen Photolumineszenzelements potenziell gefährliches Laserlicht aus der Beleuchtungsvorrichtung austritt. Das Abstrahlhemmungsmittel ist somit derart angeordnet, dass verhindert wird, dass potenziell gefährliches Laserlicht in die Abstrahllichtverteilung gelangt. Insbesondere kann dazu das Abstrahlhemmungsmittel im Strahlengang hinter dem Photolumineszenzelement (und beispielsweise vor der Abstrahloptikeinrichtung) an einem Ort angeordnet sein, welchen das Primärlichtbündel der Laserlichtquelle in Abwesenheit des Photolumineszenzelements durchstrahlen würde.If the photoluminescent element is not arranged in the beam path of the primary light bundle (e.g. broken or displaced) due to mechanical influences, an accident or construction faults, the laser light of the primary light bundle is suppressed by the radiation inhibitor. This prevents potentially dangerous laser light from emerging from the lighting device in spite of the photoluminescent element which is no longer effective. The emission inhibitor is thus arranged in such a way that it is prevented that potentially dangerous laser light reaches the emission light distribution. In particular, the radiation inhibitor can be arranged in the beam path behind the photoluminescent element (and for example in front of the radiation optics device) at a location through which the primary light bundle of the laser light source would radiate in the absence of the photoluminescent element.
Die Primärstrahlrichtung ist im vorliegenden Zusammenhang als eine Primärstrahlachse zu verstehen (d.h. eine in Bezug auf die Laserlichtquelle im räumlichen Verlauf festgelegte Achse). Die Laserlichtquelle ist in diesem Sinne zur Ausstrahlung eines Primärlichtbündels in das Primärraumwinkelelement um die Primärstrahlachse ausgebildet. Das Abstrahlhemmungsmittel ist dazu eingerichtet, dass die Umformung in die Abstrahllichtverteilung für solche Lichtbündel unterdrückbar ist, welche in dem Primärraumwinkelbereich um die Primärstrahlachse verlaufen.In the present context, the primary beam direction is to be understood as a primary beam axis (i.e. an axis defined in the spatial course with respect to the laser light source). In this sense, the laser light source is designed to emit a primary light beam into the primary solid angle element about the primary beam axis. The emission inhibitor is set up so that the transformation into the emission light distribution can be suppressed for those light bundles which run in the primary solid angle range around the primary beam axis.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung kann jeder Laserstrahl in einem Abstrahlhemmungsmittel im Innern der Beleuchtungsvorrichtung beendet werden. Auch in einem Störfall wird daher auf einfach zu realisierende Weise eine Gefährdung durch abgestrahlte Laserstrahlen vermieden. Diese Schutzeinrichtung weist eine hohe Funktionssicherheit auf, da insbesondere bewegliche mechanische Bauteile oder aufwändige elektronische Steuerungen nicht zwingend erforderlich sind.In the embodiment according to the invention, each laser beam can be used in an emission inhibitor in the interior of the lighting device be terminated. In the event of a malfunction, a hazard from emitted laser beams is therefore avoided in a manner that is easy to implement. This protective device has a high level of functional reliability since, in particular, movable mechanical components or complex electronic controls are not absolutely necessary.
Die genannte Unterdrückung der Abstrahlung erfolgt insofern, als die Umformung für die in dem Primärraumwinkelbereich um die Primärabstrahlrichtung verlaufenden Lichtbündel gehemmt oder geschwächt oder zumindest im Wesentlichen unterbunden oder gänzlich unterbunden wird. Das Abstrahlhemmungsmittel ist insbesondere derart ausgebildet, dass die maximale Intensität eines in dem Primärraumwinkelbereich um die Primärabstrahlrichtung verlaufenden Lichtbündels auf einen vorgegebenen Bruchteil, insbesondere im Bereich von 0,01% bis 30% der ursprünglichen maximalen Lichtstärke reduziert wird.The above-mentioned suppression of the radiation takes place insofar as the deformation for the light bundles running in the primary solid angle range around the primary radiation direction is inhibited or weakened or at least substantially prevented or completely prevented. The radiation inhibitor is designed in particular such that the maximum intensity of a light bundle running in the primary solid angle range around the primary radiation direction is reduced to a predetermined fraction, in particular in the range from 0.01% to 30% of the original maximum light intensity.
Das Abstrahlhemmungsmittel kann insbesondere derart auf die Laserlichtquelle abgestimmt ausgebildet sein, dass die Intensität eines in dem Primärraumwinkelbereich um die Primärabstrahlrichtung verlaufenden Lichtbündels unter einen vorgegebenen Sicherheitswert absenkbar ist.The radiation inhibitor can in particular be designed to be matched to the laser light source in such a way that the intensity of a light bundle running in the primary solid angle range around the primary radiation direction can be lowered below a predetermined safety value.
Im Normalbetrieb ist der Einfluss des Abstrahlhemmungsmittels auf die Abstrahllichtverteilung gering oder vernachlässigbar. Dies ist darauf zurückzuführen, dass das Abstrahlhemmungsmittel vorzugsweise in seiner Ausdehnung derart bemessen ist, dass das kollimierte und hochintensive Laserlicht des Primärlichtbündels für den Fall unterdrückt wird, in dem es direkt (ohne Photolumineszenzelement) auftrifft. Wenn das Photolumineszenzelement jedoch wirksam ist, wird die Abstrahllichtverteilung im Wesentlichen durch die Sekundärlichtverteilung erzeugt. Diese ist weniger kollimiert und stärker diffus. Die Leistung der Sekundärlichtverteilung ist daher homogener im Raum verteilt. Eine Unterdrückung von Lichtstrahlen in dem vergleichsweise kleinen Primärraumwinkelbereich um die Primärabstrahlrichtung führt daher im Normalbetrieb nicht zu einem nennenswerten Leistungsverlust oder Störungen der Abstrahllichtverteilung.In normal operation, the influence of the radiation inhibitor on the radiation light distribution is small or negligible. This is due to the fact that the extent of the radiation inhibitor is preferably dimensioned in such a way that the collimated and high-intensity laser light of the primary light bundle is suppressed in the event that it strikes directly (without a photoluminescent element). However, when the photoluminescent element is effective, the emitted light distribution is essentially generated by the secondary light distribution. This is less collimated and more diffuse. The power of the secondary light distribution is therefore distributed more homogeneously in the room. A suppression of light rays in the comparatively small primary solid angle range around the primary emission direction therefore leads to Normal operation does not result in a noticeable loss of performance or disturbances in the light distribution.
Vorzugsweise ist das Abstrahlhemmungsmittel an der Abstrahloptikeinrichtung selbst angeordnet. Möglich ist insbesondere eine Anordnung in einer Eintrittsposition der Abstrahloptikeinrichtung. Die Eintrittsposition ist dabei diejenige, in welcher ein (ausgehend von der Laserlichtquelle) in dem Primärraumwinkelbereich um die Primärabstrahlrichtung verlaufendes Lichtbündel erstmals auf die Abstrahloptikeinrichtung auftrifft. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann das Abstrahlhemmungsmittel in einer Austrittsposition der Abstrahloptikeinrichtung angeordnet sein. Diese Austrittsposition ist diejenige, durch welche ein ausgehend von der Laserlichtquelle in dem Primärraumwinkelbereich um die Primärabstrahlrichtung verlaufendes Lichtbündel nach Auftreffen auf oder eintretend in die Abstrahloptikeinrichtung aus dieser wieder austritt. Selbstverständlich kann ein Abstrahlhemmungsmittel sowohl in der Eintrittsposition, als auch in der Austrittsposition angeordnet sein.The radiation inhibitor is preferably arranged on the radiation optics device itself. In particular, an arrangement in an entry position of the radiation optics device is possible. The entry position is the one in which a light bundle (starting from the laser light source) in the primary solid angle range around the primary emission direction strikes the emission optics device for the first time. Alternatively or additionally, the radiation inhibitor can be arranged in an exit position of the radiation optics device. This exit position is the one through which a light bundle proceeding from the laser light source in the primary solid angle region around the primary emission direction emerges from the emission optics device after it has hit or entered the latter. Of course, an emission inhibitor can be arranged both in the entry position and in the exit position.
Das Abstrahlhemmungsmittel ist vorzugsweise im Strahlengang zwischen dem Photolumineszenzelement und der Abstrahloptikeinrichtung angeordnet. Dadurch wird von vorneherein verhindert, dass potenziell gefährliches Laserlicht von der Abstrahloptikeinrichtung in Richtung der Abstrahllichtverteilung umgelenkt oder umgeformt wird. Grundsätzlich kann das Abstrahlhemmungsmittel im Strahlengang auch erst nach einer Eintrittsposition der Abstrahloptikeinrichtung angeordnet sein, beispielsweise in oder nach einer Austrittsposition der Abstrahloptikeinrichtung. Auch dadurch wird im Ergebnis die Umformung des von dem Abstrahlhemmungsmittel beeinflussten Lichtbündels in die Abstrahllichtverteilung unterdrückt.The radiation inhibitor is preferably arranged in the beam path between the photoluminescent element and the radiation optics device. This prevents potentially dangerous laser light from being deflected or transformed by the emitting optics device in the direction of the emitting light distribution from the outset. In principle, the radiation inhibitor can also be arranged in the beam path only after an entry position of the emitting optics device, for example in or after an exit position of the emitting optics device. As a result, the transformation of the light bundle influenced by the emission inhibitor into the emission light distribution is also suppressed as a result.
Das Abstrahlhemmungsmittel ist vorzugsweise von dem Photolumineszenzelement und von der Abstrahloptikeinrichtung beabstandet angeordnet. Dies kann von Vorteil sein, da sich das Abstrahlhemmungsmittel bei Einstrahlung von hochintensivem Laserlicht erwärmen kann.The radiation inhibitor is preferably arranged at a distance from the photoluminescent element and from the radiation optics device. This can be an advantage, since the radiation inhibitor can heat up when exposed to high-intensity laser light.
Das Abstrahlhemmungsmittel umfasst erfindungsgemäß ein Umlenkprisma, welches derart ausgebildet ist, dass ein auf das Umlenkprisma auftreffendes und durch das Umlenkprisma verlaufendes Lichtbündel derart abgelenkt werden kann, dass es nicht zu der Abstrahllichtverteilung beiträgt. Denkbar ist insbesondere eine Ausgestaltung derart, dass ein auftreffendes Lichtbündel in einen Absorber oder eine Lichtfalle, vorzugsweise im Innern der Beleuchtungsvorrichtung, abgelenkt wird. Die Ablenkung erfolgt vorzugsweise in eine Richtung im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Hauptabstrahlrichtung der Beleuchtungsvorrichtung.According to the invention, the radiation inhibitor comprises a deflecting prism which is designed in such a way that a light beam impinging on the deflecting prism and passing through the deflecting prism can be deflected in such a way that it does not contribute to the emission of light distribution. In particular, a configuration is conceivable such that an incident light bundle is deflected into an absorber or a light trap, preferably in the interior of the lighting device. The deflection takes place preferably in a direction essentially perpendicular to the main emission direction of the lighting device.
Eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung ergibt sich dadurch, dass die Abstrahloptikeinrichtung eine Projektionslinse umfasst, wobei das Abstrahlhemmungsmittel als Umlenkprisma ausgebildet ist, welches einstückig an eine Lichtdurchtrittsfläche der Projektionslinse angeformt ist. Diese Lichtdurchtrittsfläche kann eine Lichteintrittsfläche oder eine Lichtaustrittsfläche der Projektionslinse sein. Das Umlenkprisma ist insbesondere derart ausgebildet, dass ein durch das Umlenkprisma verlaufendes Lichtbündel derart abgelenkt wird, dass es nicht zu der Abstrahllichtverteilung beiträgt (z.B. in eine Richtung im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Hauptabstrahlrichtung der Beleuchtungsvorrichtung).An advantageous embodiment results from the fact that the emission optics device comprises a projection lens, the emission inhibiting means being designed as a deflecting prism which is integrally formed on a light passage surface of the projection lens. This light passage area can be a light entry area or a light exit area of the projection lens. The deflecting prism is designed, in particular, in such a way that a light beam running through the deflecting prism is deflected in such a way that it does not contribute to the light distribution (e.g. in a direction essentially perpendicular to the main direction of emission of the lighting device).
Zur weiteren Ausgestaltung kann das Umlenkprisma zumindest eine konvex oder konkav gewölbte Fläche derart aufweisen, dass ein durch das Umlenkprisma abgelenktes (insbesondere anfangs kollimiertes) Lichtbündel in ein divergierendes Lichtbündel umgeformt wird. Dies verringert die Lichtstärke in dem umgelenkten Lichtbündel und ist vorteilhaft, wenn ein mit dem Umlenkprisma abgelenkter Laserstrahl beispielsweise in einem Absorber oder einer Lichtfalle beendet werden soll, da die Leistung auf eine größere Fläche verteilt werden kann.For a further refinement, the deflecting prism can have at least one convex or concave curved surface in such a way that a light bundle deflected (in particular initially collimated) by the deflecting prism is converted into a diverging light bundle. This reduces the light intensity in the deflected light bundle and is advantageous if a laser beam deflected with the deflecting prism is to be terminated, for example in an absorber or a light trap, since the power can be distributed over a larger area.
Zur weiteren Ausgestaltung der Beleuchtungsvorrichtung ist im Strahlengang zwischen der Laserlichtquelle und der Abstrahloptikeinrichtung eine Schutzblende vorgesehen. Diese kann im Strahlengang zwischen der Laserlichtquelle und dem Photolumineszenzelement und/oder zwischen dem Photolumineszenzelement und der Abstrahloptikeinrichtung angeordnet sein. Die Schutzblende ist vorzugsweise derart ausgebildet, dass solche Lichtbündel absorbiert oder reflektiert werden, welche ausgehend von der Laserlichtquelle außerhalb eines Sicherheitsraumwinkelbereichs um die Primärabstrahlrichtung der Laserlichtquelle verlaufen.For a further configuration of the lighting device, a protective screen is provided in the beam path between the laser light source and the radiation optics device. This can be arranged in the beam path between the laser light source and the photoluminescent element and / or between the photoluminescent element and the radiation optics device his. The protective screen is preferably designed in such a way that such light bundles are absorbed or reflected which, starting from the laser light source, run outside a safe solid angle range around the primary emission direction of the laser light source.
Vorzugsweise ist der Sicherheitsraumwinkelbereich gerade gleich dem Primärraumwinkelbereich um die Primärabstrahlrichtung gewählt, d.h. die Schutzblende ist insbesondere derart ausgebildet, dass Lichtbündel absorbiert oder reflektiert werden, welche außerhalb des Primärraumwinkelbereichs um die Primärabstrahlrichtung verlaufen.The safe solid angle range is preferably selected to be exactly the same as the primary solid angle range around the primary emission direction, i.e. the protective screen is designed in particular in such a way that light bundles are absorbed or reflected which run outside the primary solid angle area around the primary emission direction.
Durch die genannten Maßnahmen kann vermieden werden, dass Laserstrahlen über die Abstrahloptikeinrichtung oder direkt in die Abstrahllichtverteilung gelangen, wenn die Laserlichtquelle nicht mehr auf das Photolumineszenzelement ausgerichtet ist, z. B. aufgrund mechanischer Einflüsse oder Montagefehler dejustiert ist.By means of the measures mentioned, it can be avoided that laser beams reach the emission light distribution via the emission optics device or directly when the laser light source is no longer aligned with the photoluminescent element, e.g. B. is misaligned due to mechanical influences or assembly errors.
Die Schutzblende ist vorzugsweise als Lochblende ausgebildet. Die Schutzblende kann von Laserlichtquelle und Photolumineszenzelement beabstandet angeordnet sein. Denkbar ist jedoch auch, dass die Schutzblende anliegend an dem Photolumineszenzelement oder an der Laserlichtquelle angeordnet ist.The protective screen is preferably designed as a perforated screen. The protective screen can be arranged at a distance from the laser light source and the photoluminescent element. However, it is also conceivable that the protective screen is arranged in contact with the photoluminescent element or against the laser light source.
Bei den erfindungsgemäßen Beleuchtungsvorrichtungen ist die Laserlichtquelle vorzugsweise als Halbleiterlaser, insbesondere als Laserdiode, ausgebildet. Es können Laserlichtquellen gewählt werden, die im Wesentlichen monochromatisches Licht ausstrahlen. Beispielsweise kann eine blaue Laserdiode zum Einsatz kommen, die Licht mit Wellenlänge im Bereich von 450 nm ausstrahlt. Vorzugsweise kommen Laserlichtquellen mit Abstrahlleistungen im Bereich von 0,1 Watt bis 10 Watt, vorzugsweise 1 Watt bis 5 Watt zum Einsatz.In the case of the lighting devices according to the invention, the laser light source is preferably designed as a semiconductor laser, in particular as a laser diode. Laser light sources can be selected which emit essentially monochromatic light. For example, a blue laser diode can be used that emits light with a wavelength in the range of 450 nm. Laser light sources with radiation powers in the range from 0.1 watt to 10 watt, preferably 1 watt to 5 watt, are preferably used.
Wenn sich das Photolumineszenzelement in einem Störfall nicht mehr im Strahlengang des Primärlichtbündels befindet, so besteht die Gefahr, dass durch den Laserstrahl weitere Beschädigungen der Beleuchtungsvorrichtungen hervorgerufen werden. Beispielsweise können sich Teile der Beleuchtungsvorrichtung oder das Abstrahlhemmungsmittel selbst durch den im Störfall auftreffenden Laserstrahl stark erwärmen, was zur Brandgefahr führen kann. Weitere Schäden der Beleuchtungsvorrichtung können dadurch vermieden werden, dass eine Deaktivierung der Laserlichtquelle erfolgt, wenn ein Störfall vorliegt. Hierzu kann eine Detektionseinrichtung vorgesehen sein, mittels welcher die Intensität von Laserlicht in dem Primärraumwinkelbereich um die Primärstrahlrichtung überwacht werden kann. Ein starker Anstieg der erfassten Intensität kann auf einen Störfall hinweisen. Es kann dann vorgesehen sein, dass die Laserlichtquelle aufgrund eines Detektorsignals der Detektionseinrichtung abgeschaltet wird. Da eine Gefährdung von Verkehrsteilnehmern durch austretende Laserstrahlung durch das Abstrahlhemmungsmittel im Störfall unverzüglich vermieden werden kann, kann die Abschaltung der Laserlichtquelle im Hinblick auf die Verkehrssicherheit gegebenenfalls mit längerer Reaktionszeit erfolgen. Es kann daher auf eine einfache Detektionseinrichtung mit ggf. einfacher Steuerelektronik zurückgegriffen werden.If the photoluminescent element is no longer in the beam path of the primary light bundle in the event of a fault, there is a risk that the laser beam will cause further damage to the lighting devices. For example, parts of the lighting device or the radiation inhibitor itself can heat up strongly as a result of the incident laser beam, which can lead to fire hazard. Further damage to the lighting device can be avoided by deactivating the laser light source if there is a fault. For this purpose, a detection device can be provided, by means of which the intensity of laser light in the primary solid angle range around the primary beam direction can be monitored. A sharp increase in the recorded intensity can indicate a malfunction. It can then be provided that the laser light source is switched off on the basis of a detector signal from the detection device. Since a hazard to road users from escaping laser radiation can be avoided immediately by the emission inhibitor in the event of a malfunction, the laser light source can be switched off with a longer reaction time with regard to traffic safety. A simple detection device with possibly simple control electronics can therefore be used.
Weitere Einzelheiten und vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind der nachfolgenden Beschreibung zu entnehmen, anhand derer die in den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsformen der Erfindung näher beschrieben und erläutert sind.Further details and advantageous embodiments of the invention can be found in the following description, on the basis of which the embodiments of the invention shown in the figures are described and explained in more detail.
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Figur 1 skizzierte Darstellung einer Beleuchtungsvorrichtung im Normalbetrieb;Figure 1 sketched representation of a lighting device in normal operation; -
Figur 2 skizzierte Darstellung einer weiteren Beleuchtungsvorrichtung im Normalbetrieb;Figure 2 sketched representation of a further lighting device in normal operation; -
Figur 3 die Beleuchtungsvorrichtung gemäßFigur 2 im Störfall;Figure 3 the lighting device according toFigure 2 in the event of a fault; -
Figur 4 eine Beleuchtungsvorrichtung im Störfall;Figure 4 a lighting device in the event of a fault; -
Figur 5 eine weitere Beleuchtungsvorrichtung im Störfall;Figure 5 another lighting device in the event of a fault; -
Figur 6 skizzierte Darstellung einer weiteren Beleuchtungsvorrichtung im Normalbetrieb; undFigure 6 sketched representation of a further lighting device in normal operation; and -
Figur 7 skizzierte Darstellung einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung im Störfall.Figure 7 sketched representation of an embodiment of the invention in the event of a malfunction.
In den
In den
In sämtlichen Figuren sind gleiche oder einander entsprechende Bauteile und Merkmale mit denselben Bezugszeichen versehen.In all the figures, the same or corresponding components and features are provided with the same reference symbols.
Die
Im Strahlengang auf die Laserlichtquelle 12 folgend ist eine als Lochblende ausgebildete Schutzblende 18 angeordnet. Diese kann bei sämtlichen Ausführungsformen vorhanden sein oder entfallen. Die Schutzblende 18 dient dazu, Laserstrahlen, welche außerhalb eines durch die Lochblendenöffnung der Schutzblende 18 definierten Sicherheitsraumwinkelbereichs verlaufen, möglichst unmittelbar nach Ausstrahlung durch die Laserlichtquelle 12 zu unterdrücken.In the beam path following the
Im Strahlengang nach der Laserlichtquelle 12 und der Schutzblende 18 ist ein Photolumineszenzelement 20 derart angeordnet, dass das Primärlichtbündel 14 auf das Photolumineszenzelement 20 trifft. Dieses wird durch das Laserlicht des Primärlichtbündels 14 zur Photolumineszenz angeregt und streut gegebenenfalls einen Teil des Laserlichts des Primärlichtbündels diffus. Durch das auftreffende Primärlichtbündel 14 wird daher das Photolumineszenzelement 20 zur Ausstrahlung einer Sekundärlichtverteilung 22 veranlasst, welche einen im Vergleich zum Primärraumwinkelbereich deutlich größeren Sekundärraumwinkelbereich ausfüllt. Das Licht der Sekundärlichtverteilung 22 ist vorzugsweise inkohärent, polychromatisch bzw. weiß und weist insbesondere nicht mehr die potenziell gefährlichen Eigenschaften von Laserlicht auf.In the beam path after the
Eine im dargestellten Beispiel als Reflektor ausgebildete Abstrahloptikeinrichtung 24 dient dazu, die Lichtbündel der Sekundärlichtverteilung 22 in eine Abstrahllichtverteilung 26 umzuformen (hier: umzulenken), welche im Wesentlichen um eine Hauptabstrahlrichtung 28 der Beleuchtungsvorrichtung 10 konzentriert ist.An
Wird bei der Beleuchtungsvorrichtung 10 das Photolumineszenzelement 20 beispielsweise durch mechanische Beeinflussung, durch einen Unfall oder durch einen Montagefehler aus seiner dargestellten Position entfernt, so trifft das Laserlicht des Primärlichtbündels 14 entlang der Primärabstrahlrichtung 16 auf die Abstrahloptikeinrichtung 24 (Reflektor), und wird in die Abstrahllichtverteilung 26 umgelenkt. In einem solchen Störfall wären daher bei der Beleuchtungsvorrichtung 10 in der Abstrahllichtverteilung 26 potenziell gefährliche, hochintensive Laserstrahlen enthalten.If, in the case of the
Um dieses Problem zu vermeiden, weist die in der
Zur Realisierung des Abstrahlhemmungsmittels 30 weist die als Reflektor ausgebildete Abstrahloptikeinrichtung 24 der Beleuchtungsvorrichtung 40 ein Loch 42 in der Reflektorfläche an dem Ort auf, an welchem die in Primärabstrahlrichtung 16 oder in den kleinen Primärraumwinkelbereich um die Primärabstrahlrichtung 16 herum verlaufenden Lichtbündel auf die Reflektorfläche der Abstrahloptikeinrichtung 24 treffen. Die im Bereich des Lochs 42 auftreffenden Lichtbündel werden daher nicht von der Abstrahloptikeinrichtung 24 in die Abstrahllichtverteilung 26 umgelenkt, was aufgrund ausgedehnten und stärker divergierenden Natur der Sekundärlichtverteilung 22 einen vernachlässigbaren Einfluss auf die Abstrahllichtverteilung 26 hat.To implement the
Die
Die
Das Facettenelement 52 ist derart ausgebildet, dass die auftreffenden Lichtstrahlen in einen der Hauptabstrahlrichtung 28 der Beleuchtungsvorrichtung 50 abgewandten Bereich gelenkt werden und somit nicht zu der Abstrahllichtverteilung der Beleuchtungsvorrichtung 50 beitragen. Das Facettenelement 52 wirkt somit als Abstrahlhemmungsmittel 30.The facet element 52 is designed such that the incident light beams are directed into an area facing away from the
In der
Um den Laserstrahl des Störlichtbündels 54 in kontrollierter Weise zu beenden, kann die Beleuchtungsvorrichtung 50 ein Absorberelement 56 oder eine sonstige, als Lichtfalle wirkende Einrichtung aufweisen. Das Absorberelement 56 ist vorzugsweise derart angeordnet, dass fürIn order to terminate the laser beam of the stray
Um den Laserstrahl des Störlichtbündels 54 in kontrollierter Weise zu beenden, kann die Beleuchtungsvorrichtung 50 ein Absorberelement 56 oder eine sonstige, als Lichtfalle wirkende Einrichtung aufweisen. Das Absorberelement 56 ist vorzugsweise derart angeordnet, dass für sämtliche von dem Facettenelement 52 umgelenkte Lichtstrahlen das zugeordnete Störlichtbündel 54 auf das Absorberelement 56 trifft.In order to terminate the laser beam of the stray
Bei der in der
Im Falle der
Die
Die
Die Projektionslinse 74 weist als Lichtdurchtrittsflächen eine Lichteintrittsfläche 75a auf, durch welche Lichtbündel der Sekundärlichtverteilung 22 in die Projektionslinse 74 eintreten können, sowie eine Lichtaustrittsfläche 75b, durch welche Lichtbündel aus der Projektionslinse 74 austreten können.The projection lens 74 has, as light passage surfaces, a
Auf der Lichteintrittsfläche 75a ist eine Eintrittsposition 76 als derjenige Bereich definiert, in welchem ein ausgehend von der Laserlichtquelle 12 in Primärabstrahlrichtung 16 (oder einen Primärraumwinkelbereich um diese Primärabstrahlrichtung 16) verlaufendes Lichtbündel erstmals auf die Abstrahloptikeinrichtung 24 (Projektionslinse 74) auftrifft. In diesem Bereich weist die Lichteintrittsfläche 75a eine Blende 72 zur Absorption von Lichtstrahlen auf. Denkbar ist auch, dass die Lichteintrittsfläche 75a in der Eintrittsposition 76 ein Lichtstreuelement aufweist, mittels welchem potenziell gefährliches Laserlicht in unschädliches Streulicht umgewandelt werden kann. Die Blende 72 bildet ein Abstrahlhemmungsmittel 30, da durch die Blende 72 die Umformung in die Abstrahllichtverteilung 26 für solche Lichtbündel unterdrückt wird, welche in den Primärraumwinkelbereich um die Primärabstrahlrichtung 16 verlaufen.On the
Befindet sich aufgrund eines Störfalls das Photolumineszenzelement 20 nicht mehr im Strahlengang des Primärlichtbündels 14, so wird das potenziell schädliche Laserlicht des Primärlichtbündels 14 von der Blende 72 absorbiert.If the
Zusätzlich zu der Blende 72 oder anstelle der Blende 72 kann die Projektionslinse 74 auch an ihrer Lichtaustrittsfläche 75b eine entsprechende Blende oder ein entsprechendes Lichtstreuelement aufweisen. Dieses ist an der Austrittsposition 78 angeordnet, in welcher Lichtstrahlen aus der Projektionslinse 74 austreten, welche ausgehend von der Laserlichtquelle 12 in dem Primärraumwinkelbereich um die Primärabstrahlrichtung 16 verlaufend über die Lichteintrittsfläche 75 in die Projektionslinse 74 eingekoppelt wurden. Auch in diesem Fall ist die Blende bzw. das Lichtstreuelement derart angeordnet und bemessen, dass die Umformung (Projektion) in die Abstrahllichtverteilung 26 für all jene Lichtstrahlen unterdrückt wird, welche auf sich ausgehend von der Laserlichtquelle 12 im Primärraumwinkelbereich um die Primärabstrahlrichtung 16 verlaufende Primärlichtbündel zurückzuführen sind.In addition to the
Zur weiteren Ausgestaltung ist bei der Beleuchtungsvorrichtung 70 (für sämtliche Ausführungsformen der Erfindung denkbar) eine als Lochblende ausgebildete Schutzblende 80 vorgesehen. Im Falle der
Bei der in der
Fehlt wie in dem in der
Das Umlenkprisma 92 kann zur weiteren Ausgestaltung eine Umlenkfläche und/oder eine Lichtaustrittsfläche mit einer konvexen oder konkaven Wölbung aufweisen, welche derart gewählt ist, dass die Störlichtverteilung 94 derart divergierend ist, dass keine potenziell gefährlichen Lichtintensitäten auftreten.The deflecting prism 92 can have a deflecting surface and / or a light exit surface with a convex or concave curvature, which is selected such that the stray
Claims (5)
- Motor vehicle illumination device (70, 90) comprising:a laser light source (12) for emitting a primary light beam (14) into a primary solid angle range about a primary emission direction (16);a photoluminescent element (20) which is arranged such that the primary light beam (14) which can be emitted by the laser light source (12) is incident on the photoluminescent element (20), and which is designed such that a secondary light distribution (22) can be emitted by the incident primary light beam (14) using photoluminescence;an emission optics apparatus (24, 74), which is designed such that the secondary light distribution (22) can be converted into an emission light distribution (26) of the illumination device;an emission-inhibiting means (30, 92) which is designed and arranged such that conversion into the emission light distribution (26) can be suppressed for light beams which extend in the primary solid angle range about the primary emission direction (16),characterized in that the emission-inhibiting means (30) comprises a deflecting prism (92) which is designed such that an incident light beam which extends through the deflecting prism (92) can be deflected such that said beam does not contribute to the emission light distribution (26), the deflecting prism (92) being arranged on the emission optics apparatus (24, 74).
- Illumination device according to claim 1, characterized in that the emission-inhibiting means (30) is arranged on the emission optics apparatus (24, 74) in an inlet position (76) in which a light beam extending in the primary solid angle range about the primary emission direction (16) is first incident on the emission optics apparatus (24, 74).
- Illumination device according to either claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the emission-inhibiting means (92) is arranged on the emission optics apparatus (24, 74) in an outlet position in which a light beam extending in the primary solid angle range about the primary emission direction (16), after being incident on the emission optics apparatus (24, 74), leaves said emission optics apparatus.
- Illumination device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the emission optics apparatus (24) comprises a projection lens (74), the emission-inhibiting means (30) being designed as a deflecting prism (92) which is integrally formed on a light passage surface (75a, 75b) of the projection lens (74).
- Illumination device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a protective aperture (18, 80) is provided in the beam path between the laser light source (12) and the photoluminescent element (20) and/or in the beam path between the photoluminescent element (20) and the emission optics apparatus (24, 74), which aperture is designed such that light beams which extend outside a safety solid angle range about the primary emission direction (16) are absorbed or reflected.
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DE102012220472.5A DE102012220472A1 (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2012-11-09 | Kfz. lighting device |
PCT/EP2013/072828 WO2014072227A1 (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2013-10-31 | Motor vehicle lighting apparatus |
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CZ2015890A3 (en) | 2015-12-11 | 2017-06-28 | Varroc Lighting Systems, s.r.o. | A lighting device, particularly a signalling lamp for motor vehicles |
AT518083B1 (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2017-07-15 | Zkw Group Gmbh | Headlamp for vehicles with at least one laser light module |
DE102015226724A1 (en) | 2015-12-23 | 2017-06-29 | Automotive Lighting Reutlingen Gmbh | Light module for a lighting device of a motor vehicle |
DE102016101192A1 (en) | 2016-01-25 | 2017-07-27 | Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co. | Lighting device for vehicles |
DE102016102570A1 (en) | 2016-02-15 | 2017-08-17 | Automotive Lighting Reutlingen Gmbh | light module |
DE102016108265A1 (en) | 2016-05-04 | 2017-11-09 | Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co. | Headlights for vehicles |
DE102016214517A1 (en) | 2016-08-05 | 2018-02-08 | Osram Gmbh | lighting device |
JP2018037205A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2018-03-08 | スタンレー電気株式会社 | Vehicular lamp |
DE102016117411B4 (en) | 2016-09-15 | 2020-03-26 | Varroc Lighting Systems, s.r.o. | Lighting system for a motor vehicle with a laser light source |
CZ309003B6 (en) | 2017-01-24 | 2021-11-18 | Varroc Lighting Systems, s.r.o. | Lighting equipment, in particular a projector system for a motor vehicle headlamp |
DE102018113283A1 (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2019-12-05 | HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA | Lighting device for a motor vehicle, in particular headlights |
EP3819534A1 (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2021-05-12 | ZKW Group GmbH | Lighting device for a motor vehicle headlight |
CZ310094B6 (en) | 2019-12-12 | 2024-08-07 | PO LIGHTING CZECH s.r.o | A vehicle lighting equipment with laser source of radiation |
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WO2012124607A1 (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2012-09-20 | シャープ株式会社 | Illumination device, headlamp, and vehicle |
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JP4124445B2 (en) * | 2003-02-03 | 2008-07-23 | 株式会社小糸製作所 | Light source and vehicle headlamp |
EP2417218B1 (en) * | 2009-04-09 | 2019-06-12 | Signify Holding B.V. | Lamp for laser applications |
GB2477569A (en) * | 2010-02-09 | 2011-08-10 | Sharp Kk | Lamp having a phosphor. |
JP2011243369A (en) * | 2010-05-17 | 2011-12-01 | Sharp Corp | Light-emitting device, illumination device, and vehicle headlight |
JP2011249538A (en) * | 2010-05-26 | 2011-12-08 | Sharp Corp | Light emitting device and lighting system |
EP2461090B1 (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2020-07-01 | Stanley Electric Co., Ltd. | Vehicle light |
JP5657357B2 (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2015-01-21 | スタンレー電気株式会社 | Vehicle lighting |
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2012
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2013
- 2013-10-31 WO PCT/EP2013/072828 patent/WO2014072227A1/en active Application Filing
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WO2012124607A1 (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2012-09-20 | シャープ株式会社 | Illumination device, headlamp, and vehicle |
Also Published As
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EP2917635A1 (en) | 2015-09-16 |
DE102012220472A1 (en) | 2014-05-15 |
WO2014072227A1 (en) | 2014-05-15 |
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