EP3056802B1 - Lighting device for a headlight of a motor vehicle and method for operation of a lighting device - Google Patents

Lighting device for a headlight of a motor vehicle and method for operation of a lighting device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3056802B1
EP3056802B1 EP16000185.5A EP16000185A EP3056802B1 EP 3056802 B1 EP3056802 B1 EP 3056802B1 EP 16000185 A EP16000185 A EP 16000185A EP 3056802 B1 EP3056802 B1 EP 3056802B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
microlenses
lighting device
converter element
motor vehicle
radiation
Prior art date
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Application number
EP16000185.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3056802A1 (en
Inventor
Jürgen Wilhelmy
Daniel Halbig
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Audi AG
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Audi AG
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Publication of EP3056802A1 publication Critical patent/EP3056802A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/37—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors characterised by their material, surface treatment or coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/16—Laser light sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/176—Light sources where the light is generated by photoluminescent material spaced from a primary light generating element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F21S41/33—Multi-surface reflectors, e.g. reflectors with facets or reflectors with portions of different curvature
    • F21S41/337—Multi-surface reflectors, e.g. reflectors with facets or reflectors with portions of different curvature the reflector having a structured surface, e.g. with facets or corrugations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F21S41/36—Combinations of two or more separate reflectors
    • F21S41/365—Combinations of two or more separate reflectors successively reflecting the light
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S45/00—Arrangements within vehicle lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, for purposes other than emission or distribution of light
    • F21S45/70—Prevention of harmful light leakage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a lighting device for a headlamp of a motor vehicle, having a light source for emitting a primary radiation having a first wavelength distribution, with a converter element for converting the primary radiation into a secondary radiation having a second wavelength distribution, and with a deflector, which Reflector element for reflecting the secondary radiation.
  • the invention also relates to a headlamp with such a lighting device.
  • the present invention relates to a motor vehicle with such a headlight.
  • the present invention relates to a method for operating a lighting device for a headlight of a motor vehicle.
  • Lighting devices are known from the prior art, which have a light source for emitting a primary radiation.
  • This light source may include, for example, a laser or laser diodes, with which as the primary radiation light in the blue wavelength range is emitted.
  • This primary radiation can be converted by means of a converter element into a secondary radiation which has a second wavelength distribution.
  • the secondary radiation for example, white light can be provided.
  • such lighting devices may have a reflector element or a reflector for reflecting the secondary radiation.
  • a corresponding light distribution can be provided in front of the motor vehicle.
  • On Safety concept provides, for example, a so-called radiation trap, which is integrated in the deflection device or the reflector element.
  • a so-called radiation trap which is integrated in the deflection device or the reflector element.
  • the radiation trap can be positioned so that it makes harmless the laser radiation or primary radiation in their point of impact.
  • the primary radiation can be completely absorbed in a defect of the converter element with the radiation trap.
  • the secondary radiation is not reflected in the region of the radiation trap and thus does not contribute to the light distribution of the headlight. This can permanently result in a loss of radiation intensity, which is provided by the headlight.
  • the AT 512 588 A1 a light source module for a vehicle headlamp, wherein the light source module has at least one laser light source and at least one illuminating element which can be excited by illumination with laser light for the purpose of emitting visible light.
  • the laser light source and the luminous element are arranged spaced apart on a carrier element.
  • the support member may be at least partially made of a transparent material.
  • the carrier element may have irregularities or microstructures executed on its surface with which the irradiated laser light or the light originating from the luminous element can be deflected and thereby made visible.
  • the illumination device comprises one or more illumination units, wherein a respective illumination unit generates a punctiform light source during operation by means of laser light.
  • an optical device is provided, which is configured and arranged in relation to the illumination unit such that a predetermined light distribution is generated from the light of the point-like light source after passing through the optical device.
  • the illumination unit may, for example, comprise a laser diode with which light in the blue wavelength range can be emitted.
  • the illumination device comprises an excitation light source for emitting blue or ultraviolet excitation light, a conversion medium for converting the excitation light into longer wavelength light such that light reflected from the conversion medium appears white.
  • the illumination device can have a mirror or a mirrored surface through which a part of the secondary radiation can be directed back to the conversion medium.
  • this mirror is arranged such that a part of the reflected blue radiation can fall back to a luminous spot of the conversion medium in order to be converted there into longer-wavelength, yellow light.
  • the describes EP 2 461 092 A2 a vehicular lamp comprising a laser diode and a phosphor for converting the blue light of the laser diode into white light.
  • the vehicle lamp has a reflector with a reflection surface, which reflects the white light.
  • the reflective surface may have an optical structure that disperses the blue light, reflects the blue light back to the phosphor, or lets the blue light pass through the reflective surface to an area behind it.
  • the DE 10 2013 009 459 A1 discloses a lighting device for a vehicle having a reflector which has an at least partially transparent first surface on a front side and a light-reflecting second surface on a rear side.
  • the first surface and the second surface are arranged and formed such that forms a common focal position for both surfaces.
  • the lighting device can be used in a headlight of a motor vehicle.
  • the light source of the lighting device may, for example, comprise at least one laser or one laser diode.
  • the primary radiation can be emitted in the form of light in the blue wavelength range.
  • the converter element With the converter element, the primary radiation can be converted into a secondary radiation, which preferably has a higher wavelength than the primary radiation.
  • the converter element may be a fluorescent converter element.
  • the converter element may for example be formed at least partially from yttrium-aluminum-garnet doped with cerium.
  • the converter element may also be referred to by the term "phosphor".
  • the secondary radiation strikes a deflection device, which has a reflector element. This reflector element can be formed for example by a corresponding reflective coating. With the reflector element, the secondary radiation can be reflected, so that a light distribution can be provided.
  • the deflection device comprises a microlens array which has a plurality of microlenses.
  • the microlenses can have dimensions in the range of micrometers or millimeters.
  • the microlenses can be manufactured by a microtechnical manufacturing process.
  • the microlenses may be arranged in the microlens array in a line-shaped, column-shaped or matrix-like manner.
  • the microlenses are now used to scatter the primary radiation. In other words, instead of a radiation trap, a microlens array is now used with which the primary radiation can be dispersed in the event of a defect of the converter element.
  • a defect of the converter element is present, for example, when the converter element a Has an impurity, a breakage point or the like.
  • the failure of the converter element describes in particular the state in which the converter element does not convert the primary radiation into the secondary radiation.
  • the normally dangerous for living beings primary radiation which is present in particular as a concentrated laser beam, can be expanded or diverged.
  • the radiation intensity can be reduced.
  • it can be achieved that the primary radiation does not pose a threat to living beings and in particular to their eyes.
  • the microlenses are arranged relative to one another such that in each case a gap is arranged between two adjacent microlenses, wherein an absorber element for absorbing the primary radiation is arranged in the intermediate space.
  • the microlenses in the microlens array are arranged at a distance from one another.
  • an absorber element Between the microlenses is an absorber element, with which the primary radiation can be absorbed.
  • the part of the primary radiation which does not directly strike the microlenses and is scattered by them can be absorbed accordingly.
  • a threat to living beings can be prevented by the primary radiation.
  • the primary radiation impinging on the converter element runs along an imaginary line, the microlens array being arranged in a region of an intersection of the imaginary line and the deflection device.
  • the microlens array is applied, for example, on the surface of the deflection device facing the converter element.
  • the microlens array may be applied so that the primary radiation, which passes through the converter element without conversion, strikes the microlens array.
  • the positioning and / or the spatial extent of the microlens array can be determined such that a deflection of the primary radiation at a predetermined angle by the defective converter element is taken into account.
  • the primary radiation can be reliably dissipated at a defect of the converter element.
  • the respective microlenses are at least partially reflective.
  • the respective microlenses may have a reflective surface at least in some areas.
  • the microlenses may be, for example, a coating of a reflective material, in particular a metal.
  • the microlenses are each concave on a side facing the converter element.
  • the microlenses can be designed as scattering lenses, with which the primary radiation, which is present in particular as a concentrated laser beam, can be widened.
  • the radiation energy of the primary radiation can be reduced.
  • the radiation energy can be reduced in a predetermined area in front of the headlight, for example at a distance of 2 meters in front of the headlight.
  • the microlenses each have a radius in a range between 0.1 millimeter and 1 millimeter.
  • the microlenses each have a radius of 0.5 millimeters.
  • the complete microlens array for example, have a diameter in the range between 10 and 20 millimeters.
  • the microlens array has a plurality of individual microlenses. It can thus be achieved that the concentrated primary radiation which impinges on the respective microlenses can be reliably dispersed.
  • An inventive headlight for a motor vehicle comprises a lighting device according to the invention.
  • the headlight can be designed in particular as a headlight.
  • a motor vehicle according to the invention comprises at least one headlight according to the invention.
  • Each headlight of the motor vehicle preferably comprises a lighting device according to the invention.
  • the headlamps for example, a low beam, a high beam, a daytime running light, a city light, a highway light or the like can be provided.
  • the motor vehicle is designed in particular as a passenger car.
  • An inventive method is used to operate a lighting device for a motor vehicle.
  • a primary radiation having a first wavelength distribution is emitted by means of a light source.
  • the primary radiation is converted by means of a converter element into a secondary radiation converted with a second wavelength distribution.
  • the secondary radiation is reflected by means of a reflector element of a deflection device.
  • the deflection device has a microlens array with a plurality of microlenses, wherein the primary radiation is scattered by means of at least one of the microlenses in case of failure of the converter element, the microlenses are arranged to each other, that between each two adjacent microlenses each a space is arranged, and wherein in the intermediate space an absorber element for absorbing the primary radiation is arranged.
  • Fig. 1 shows a motor vehicle 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention in a plan view.
  • the motor vehicle 1 is formed in the present embodiment as a passenger car.
  • the motor vehicle 1 comprises two headlights 2, which are designed as front headlights.
  • the headlights 2 each comprise a lighting device 3.
  • Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the lighting device 3 in a sectional side view.
  • the illumination device 3 comprises a light source 4 which comprises, for example, at least one laser or one laser diode.
  • a primary radiation 5 can be emitted with a first wavelength distribution.
  • 4 light in the blue wavelength range can be emitted with the light source.
  • the primary radiation 5 is optionally conducted by the light source 4 via an integrator 6 to a deflection mirror 7.
  • the deflecting mirror 7 deflects the primary radiation 5 to a converter element 8.
  • the converter element 8 serves to convert the primary radiation 5 into a secondary radiation 9.
  • the secondary radiation 9 has a second wavelength distribution.
  • the secondary radiation 9 is light in the white wavelength range.
  • the light source 4, the integrator 6, the deflection mirror 7 and the converter element 8 are arranged in a housing 14.
  • the secondary radiation 9 is also scattered by the converter element 8. This is shown here by the individual light beams.
  • the secondary radiation 9 strikes a deflection device 10.
  • the deflection device 10 has, on a side 11 facing the converter element 8, a reflector element 12 which serves to deflect the secondary radiation 9.
  • the reflector element 12 can be provided for example by a metallic coating.
  • the deflection device 10 comprises a microlens array 13, which is shown only schematically here.
  • the microlens array 13 further serves to reflect or deflect the secondary radiation 9, in the present case an ideal deflection or reflection of the secondary radiation 9 through the microlens array 13 is shown.
  • the light rays of the secondary radiation 9 impinging on the microlens array 13 are scattered by the microlens array 13.
  • Fig. 3 shows the lighting device 3 in a perspective view.
  • the converter element 8 has a defect.
  • the primary radiation 5 is not converted by the converter element 8 into the secondary radiation 9.
  • the primary radiation 5 strikes the microlens array 13 as a concentrated laser beam directly.
  • the microlens array 13 is a plurality of microlenses 16.
  • the arrangement of the microlenses 16 in the microlens array is particularly in Fig. 4 which shows a further perspective view of the lighting device 3.
  • the microlenses 16 are arranged in a matrix-like manner in rows and columns in the microlens array 13.
  • the individual microlenses 16 may, for example, have a radius of 0.5 millimeters.
  • the microlenses 16 may be made of a glass or of a plastic. In addition, the microlenses 16 may have a reflective coating. With the respective microlenses 16, the primary radiation 5, which strikes the microlens array 13, can be scattered. This is illustrated by the light beam 15 in the present case. Thus, the dangerous primary radiation 5 or laser radiation can be scattered. Thus, the intensity of the primary radiation can be reduced and thus endangerment of living beings can be prevented.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Beleuchtungsvorrichtung für einen Scheinwerfer eines Kraftfahrzeugs, mit einer Lichtquelle zum Aussenden einer Primärstrahlung, welche eine erste Wellenlängenverteilung aufweist, mit einem Konverterelement zum Wandeln der Primärstrahlung in eine Sekundärstrahlung, welche eine zweite Wellenlängenverteilung aufweist, und mit einer Ablenkeinrichtung, welche ein Reflektorelement zum Reflektieren der Sekundärstrahlung aufweist. Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem einen Scheinwerfer mit einer solchen Beleuchtungsvorrichtung. Ferner betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einem solchen Scheinwerfer. Schließlich betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Beleuchtungsvorrichtung für einen Scheinwerfer eines Kraftfahrzeugs.The present invention relates to a lighting device for a headlamp of a motor vehicle, having a light source for emitting a primary radiation having a first wavelength distribution, with a converter element for converting the primary radiation into a secondary radiation having a second wavelength distribution, and with a deflector, which Reflector element for reflecting the secondary radiation. The invention also relates to a headlamp with such a lighting device. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a motor vehicle with such a headlight. Finally, the present invention relates to a method for operating a lighting device for a headlight of a motor vehicle.

Das Interesse richtet sich vorliegend insbesondere auf Beleuchtungsvorrichtungen für Scheinwerfer eines Kraftfahrzeugs. Aus dem Stand der Technik sind Beleuchtungsvorrichtungen bekannt, welche eine Lichtquelle zum Aussenden einer Primärstrahlung aufweisen. Diese Lichtquelle kann beispielsweise einen Laser oder Laserdioden umfassen, mit dem als die Primärstrahlung Licht im blauen Wellenlängenbereich ausgesendet wird. Diese Primärstrahlung kann mit einem Konverterelement in eine Sekundärstrahlung, welche eine zweite Wellenlängenverteilung aufweist, gewandelt werden. Als die Sekundärstrahlung kann beispielsweise weißes Licht bereitgestellt werden. Zudem können derartige Beleuchtungsvorrichtungen ein Reflektorelement beziehungsweise einen Reflektor zum Reflektieren der Sekundärstrahlung aufweisen. Somit kann eine entsprechende Lichtverteilung vor dem Kraftfahrzeug bereitgestellt werden.The interest is directed in the present case in particular to lighting devices for headlights of a motor vehicle. Lighting devices are known from the prior art, which have a light source for emitting a primary radiation. This light source may include, for example, a laser or laser diodes, with which as the primary radiation light in the blue wavelength range is emitted. This primary radiation can be converted by means of a converter element into a secondary radiation which has a second wavelength distribution. As the secondary radiation, for example, white light can be provided. In addition, such lighting devices may have a reflector element or a reflector for reflecting the secondary radiation. Thus, a corresponding light distribution can be provided in front of the motor vehicle.

Da bei einem Defekt beziehungsweise Ausfall des Konverterelements die Primärstrahlung des Lasers üblicherweise eine Gefährdung für Lebewesen darstellen kann, wurden unterschiedliche Sicherheitskonzepte entwickelt. Ein Sicherheitskonzept sieht beispielsweise eine sogenannte Strahlenfalle vor, die in die Ablenkeinrichtung beziehungsweise das Reflektorelement integriert ist. Im Falle eines Defekts des Konverterelements trifft nicht mehr die konvertierte, diffuse Sekundärstrahlung auf das Reflektorelement, sondern die kurzwellige Primärstrahlung des Lasers. Da diese Primärstrahlung üblicherweise stark gebündelt ist, kann die Strahlenfalle so positioniert werden, dass sie die Laserstrahlung beziehungsweise Primärstrahlung in ihrem Auftreffpunkt unschädlich macht. Somit kann die Primärstrahlung bei einem Defekt des Konverterelements mit der Strahlenfalle vollständig absorbiert werden.Since in a defect or failure of the converter element, the primary radiation of the laser can usually pose a threat to living beings, different security concepts have been developed. On Safety concept provides, for example, a so-called radiation trap, which is integrated in the deflection device or the reflector element. In the case of a defect of the converter element, it is no longer the converted, diffuse secondary radiation that strikes the reflector element, but the short-wave primary radiation of the laser. Since this primary radiation is usually strongly bundled, the radiation trap can be positioned so that it makes harmless the laser radiation or primary radiation in their point of impact. Thus, the primary radiation can be completely absorbed in a defect of the converter element with the radiation trap.

Im Normalbetrieb der Beleuchtungsvorrichtung ergibt sich allerdings der Nachteil, dass die Sekundärstrahlung im Bereich der Strahlenfalle nicht reflektiert wird und somit nicht zur Lichtverteilung des Scheinwerfers beiträgt. Damit kann sich dauerhaft ein Verlust der Strahlungsintensität ergeben, die von dem Scheinwerfer bereitgestellt wird.In normal operation of the lighting device, however, there is the disadvantage that the secondary radiation is not reflected in the region of the radiation trap and thus does not contribute to the light distribution of the headlight. This can permanently result in a loss of radiation intensity, which is provided by the headlight.

Hierzu beschreibt die AT 512 588 A1 ein Lichtquellenmodul für einen Fahrzeugscheinwerfer, wobei das Lichtquellenmodul zumindest eine Laserlichtquelle und zumindest ein durch Beleuchtung mit Laserlicht zur Erstrahlung von sichtbarem Licht anregbares Leuchtelement aufweist. Dabei sind die Laserlichtquelle und das Leuchtelement zueinander beabstandet auf einem Trägerelement angeordnet. Das Trägerelement kann zumindest teilweise aus einem transparenten Material sein. Ferner kann das Trägerelement an dessen Oberfläche ausgeführte Unregelmäßigkeiten beziehungsweise Mikrostrukturen aufweisen, mit denen das eingestrahlte Laserlicht oder das vom Leuchtelement stammende Licht abgelenkt und damit sichtbar gemacht werden kann.This describes the AT 512 588 A1 a light source module for a vehicle headlamp, wherein the light source module has at least one laser light source and at least one illuminating element which can be excited by illumination with laser light for the purpose of emitting visible light. In this case, the laser light source and the luminous element are arranged spaced apart on a carrier element. The support member may be at least partially made of a transparent material. Furthermore, the carrier element may have irregularities or microstructures executed on its surface with which the irradiated laser light or the light originating from the luminous element can be deflected and thereby made visible.

Ferner beschreibt die DE 10 2011 085 378 A1 eine Beleuchtungseinrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug. Die Beleuchtungseinrichtung umfasst eine oder mehrere Beleuchtungseinheiten, wobei eine jeweilige Beleuchtungseinheit im Betrieb mittels Laserlicht eine punktförmige Lichtquelle erzeugt. Ferner ist eine optische Einrichtung vorgesehen, welche derart ausgestaltet und in Bezug auf die Beleuchtungseinheit angeordnet ist, dass eine vorbestimmte Lichtverteilung aus dem Licht der punktförmigen Lichtquelle nach passieren der optischen Einrichtung generiert wird. Die Beleuchtungseinheit kann beispielsweise eine Laserdiode umfassen, mit welcher Licht im blauen Wellenlängenbereich ausgesendet werden kann.Furthermore, the describes DE 10 2011 085 378 A1 a lighting device for a motor vehicle. The illumination device comprises one or more illumination units, wherein a respective illumination unit generates a punctiform light source during operation by means of laser light. Furthermore, an optical device is provided, which is configured and arranged in relation to the illumination unit such that a predetermined light distribution is generated from the light of the point-like light source after passing through the optical device. The illumination unit may, for example, comprise a laser diode with which light in the blue wavelength range can be emitted.

Zudem beschreibt die DE 10 2012 005 660 A1 eine Beleuchtungseinrichtung zum Erzeugen von Licht. Die Beleuchtungseinrichtung umfasst eine Anregungslichtquelle zur Abgabe von blauem oder ultraviolettem Anregungslicht, ein Konversionsmedium zur Konvertierung des Anregungslichts in langwelligeres Licht derart, dass vom Konversionsmedium remittiertes Licht weiß erscheint. Ferner kann die Beleuchtungseinrichtung einen Spiegel oder eine verspiegelte Fläche aufweisen, durch welche ein Teil der Sekundärstrahlung zurück auf das Konversionsmedium gelenkt werden kann. Bevorzugt ist dieser Spiegel derart angeordnet, dass ein Teil der reflektierten blauen Strahlung wieder zurück auf einen Leuchtfleck des Konversionsmediums fallen kann, um dort in langwelligeres, gelbes Licht konvertiert zu werden.In addition, the describes DE 10 2012 005 660 A1 an illumination device for generating light. The illumination device comprises an excitation light source for emitting blue or ultraviolet excitation light, a conversion medium for converting the excitation light into longer wavelength light such that light reflected from the conversion medium appears white. Furthermore, the illumination device can have a mirror or a mirrored surface through which a part of the secondary radiation can be directed back to the conversion medium. Preferably, this mirror is arranged such that a part of the reflected blue radiation can fall back to a luminous spot of the conversion medium in order to be converted there into longer-wavelength, yellow light.

Ferner beschreibt die EP 2 461 092 A2 eine Fahrzeugleuchte, welche eine Laserdiode und einen Phosphor zum Wandeln des blauen Lichts der Laserdiode in weißen Licht umfasst. Ferner weist die Fahrzeugleuchte einen Reflektor mit einer Reflexionsfläche auf, welche das weiße Licht reflektiert. Die Reflexionsfläche kann eine optische Struktur aufweisen, welche das blaue Licht zerstreut, das blaue Licht zurück zu dem Phosphor reflektiert oder das blaue Licht durch die Reflexionsfläche auf einen Bereich hinter diesen passieren lässt.Furthermore, the describes EP 2 461 092 A2 a vehicular lamp comprising a laser diode and a phosphor for converting the blue light of the laser diode into white light. Further, the vehicle lamp has a reflector with a reflection surface, which reflects the white light. The reflective surface may have an optical structure that disperses the blue light, reflects the blue light back to the phosphor, or lets the blue light pass through the reflective surface to an area behind it.

Die DE 10 2013 009 459 A1 offenbart eine Beleuchtungsvorrichtung für ein Fahrzeug mit einem Reflektor, welcher an einer Vorderseite eine zumindest teilweise transparente erste Fläche und an einer Rückseite eine lichtreflektierende zweite Fläche aufweist. Dabei sind die erste Fläche und die zweite Fläche derart angeordnet und ausgebildet, dass sich für beide Flächen eine gemeinsame Brennpunktlage ausbildet.The DE 10 2013 009 459 A1 discloses a lighting device for a vehicle having a reflector which has an at least partially transparent first surface on a front side and a light-reflecting second surface on a rear side. In this case, the first surface and the second surface are arranged and formed such that forms a common focal position for both surfaces.

Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Beleuchtungsvorrichtung für einen Scheinwerfer der eingangs genannten Art bereitzustellen, welche sicherer und effizienter betrieben werden kann.It is an object of the present invention to provide a lighting device for a headlamp of the type mentioned, which can be operated safely and efficiently.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Beleuchtungsvorrichtung, durch einen Scheinwerfer, durch ein Kraftfahrzeug sowie durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen gemäß den jeweiligen unabhängigen Patentansprüchen gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Patentansprüche.This object is achieved by a lighting device, by a headlight, by a motor vehicle and by a method with the features according to the respective independent claims. Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Eine erfindungsgemäße Beleuchtungsvorrichtung für einen Scheinwerfer eines Kraftfahrzeugs umfasst eine Lichtquelle zum Aussenden einer Primärstrahlung, welche eine erste Wellenlängenverteilung aufweist. Ferner umfasst die Beleuchtungsvorrichtung ein Konverterelement zum Wandeln der Primärstrahlung in eine Sekundärstrahlung, welche eine zweite Wellenlängenverteilung aufweist. Zudem umfasst die Beleuchtungsvorrichtung eine Ablenkeinrichtung, welche ein Reflektorelement zum Reflektieren der Sekundärstrahlung aufweist. Darüber hinaus weist die Ablenkeinrichtung ein Mikrolinsenarray mit einer Mehrzahl von Mikrolinsen auf, wobei zumindest eine der Mikrolinsen dazu ausgelegt ist, bei einem Ausfall des Konverterelements die Primärstrahlung zu streuen.An illumination device according to the invention for a headlight of a motor vehicle comprises a light source for emitting a primary radiation which has a first wavelength distribution. Furthermore, the lighting device comprises a converter element for converting the primary radiation into a secondary radiation which has a second wavelength distribution. In addition, the lighting device comprises a deflection device, which has a reflector element for reflecting the secondary radiation. In addition, the deflection device has a microlens array with a plurality of microlenses, wherein at least one of the microlenses is designed to scatter the primary radiation in the event of failure of the converter element.

Die Beleuchtungsvorrichtung kann in einem Scheinwerfer eines Kraftfahrzeugs verwendet werden. Die Lichtquelle der Beleuchtungsvorrichtung kann beispielsweise zumindest einen Laser oder eine Laserdiode aufweisen. Mit der Lichtquelle kann die Primärstrahlung in Form von Licht im blauen Wellenlängenbereich ausgesendet werden. Mit dem Konverterelement kann die Primärstrahlung in eine Sekundärstrahlung, die bevorzugt eine höhere Wellenlänge als die Primärstrahlung aufweist, gewandelt werden. Bei dem Konverterelement kann es sich um ein fluoreszierendes Konverterelement handeln. Das Konverterelement kann beispielsweise zumindest teilweise aus Yttrium-Aluminium-Granat, welches mit Cer dotiert ist, gebildet sein. Das Konverterelement kann auch mit dem Begriff "Phosphor" bezeichnet werden. Die Sekundärstrahlung trifft auf eine Ablenkeinrichtung, die ein Reflektorelement aufweist. Dieses Reflektorelement kann beispielsweise durch eine entsprechende spiegelende Beschichtung gebildet sein. Mit dem Reflektorelement kann die Sekundärstrahlung reflektiert werden, so dass eine Lichtverteilung bereitgestellt werden kann.The lighting device can be used in a headlight of a motor vehicle. The light source of the lighting device may, for example, comprise at least one laser or one laser diode. With the light source, the primary radiation can be emitted in the form of light in the blue wavelength range. With the converter element, the primary radiation can be converted into a secondary radiation, which preferably has a higher wavelength than the primary radiation. The converter element may be a fluorescent converter element. The converter element may for example be formed at least partially from yttrium-aluminum-garnet doped with cerium. The converter element may also be referred to by the term "phosphor". The secondary radiation strikes a deflection device, which has a reflector element. This reflector element can be formed for example by a corresponding reflective coating. With the reflector element, the secondary radiation can be reflected, so that a light distribution can be provided.

Ferner umfasst die Ablenkeinrichtung ein Mikrolinsenarray, welches eine Mehrzahl von Mikrolinsen aufweist. Die Mikrolinsen können Abmessungen im Bereich von Mikrometern oder Millimetern aufweisen. Die Mikrolinsen können durch ein mikrotechnisches Herstellungsverfahren gefertigt sein. Die Mikrolinsen können in dem Mikrolinsenarray zeilenförmig, spaltenförmig oder matrixartig angeordnet sein. Die Mikrolinsen dienen nun dazu, die Primärstrahlung zu streuen. Mit anderen Worten wird anstelle einer Strahlenfalle nun ein Mikrolinsenarray verwendet, mit dem die Primärstrahlung bei einem Defekt des Konverterelements zerstreut werden kann. Ein Defekt des Konverterelements liegt beispielsweise vor, wenn das Konverterelement eine Störstelle, eine Bruchstelle oder dergleichen aufweist. Der Ausfall des Konverterelements beschreibt insbesondere den Zustand, in dem mit dem Konverterelement eine Wandlung der Primärstrahlung in die Sekundärstrahlung nicht erfolgt. Somit kann die üblicherweise für Lebewesen gefährliche Primärstrahlung, die insbesondere als konzentrierter Laserstrahl vorliegt, aufgeweitet beziehungsweise divergiert werden. Durch das Zerstreuen der Primärstrahlung kann die Strahlungsintensität reduziert werden. Somit kann in einem Fehlerfall erreicht werden, dass die Primärstrahlung keine Gefährdung für Lebewesen und insbesondere deren Augen darstellt.Furthermore, the deflection device comprises a microlens array which has a plurality of microlenses. The microlenses can have dimensions in the range of micrometers or millimeters. The microlenses can be manufactured by a microtechnical manufacturing process. The microlenses may be arranged in the microlens array in a line-shaped, column-shaped or matrix-like manner. The microlenses are now used to scatter the primary radiation. In other words, instead of a radiation trap, a microlens array is now used with which the primary radiation can be dispersed in the event of a defect of the converter element. A defect of the converter element is present, for example, when the converter element a Has an impurity, a breakage point or the like. The failure of the converter element describes in particular the state in which the converter element does not convert the primary radiation into the secondary radiation. Thus, the normally dangerous for living beings primary radiation, which is present in particular as a concentrated laser beam, can be expanded or diverged. By scattering the primary radiation, the radiation intensity can be reduced. Thus, in the event of an error, it can be achieved that the primary radiation does not pose a threat to living beings and in particular to their eyes.

Zudem sind erfindungsgemäß die Mikrolinsen derart zueinander angeordnet, dass zwischen zwei benachbarten Mikrolinsen jeweils ein Zwischenraum angeordnet ist, wobei in dem Zwischenraum ein Absorberelement zum Absorbieren der Primärstrahlung angeordnet ist. Mit anderen Worten sind die Mikrolinsen in dem Mikrolinsenarray beabstandet zueinander angeordnet. Zwischen den Mikrolinsen ist ein Absorberelement, mit dem die Primärstrahlung absorbiert werden kann. Somit kann der Teil der Primärstrahlung, welcher nicht unmittelbar auf die Mikrolinsen trifft und von diesen zerstreut wird, entsprechend absorbiert werden. Somit kann eine Gefährdung von Lebewesen durch die Primärstrahlung verhindert werden.In addition, according to the invention, the microlenses are arranged relative to one another such that in each case a gap is arranged between two adjacent microlenses, wherein an absorber element for absorbing the primary radiation is arranged in the intermediate space. In other words, the microlenses in the microlens array are arranged at a distance from one another. Between the microlenses is an absorber element, with which the primary radiation can be absorbed. Thus, the part of the primary radiation which does not directly strike the microlenses and is scattered by them, can be absorbed accordingly. Thus, a threat to living beings can be prevented by the primary radiation.

Bevorzugt verläuft die auf das Konverterelement auftreffende Primärstrahlung entlang einer gedachten Linie, wobei das Mikrolinsenarray in einem Bereich eines Schnittpunktes der gedachten Linie und der Ablenkeinrichtung angeordnet ist. Das Mikrolinsenarray ist beispielsweise auf der dem Konverterelement zugewandten Oberfläche der Ablenkeinrichtung aufgebracht. Das Mikrolinsenarray kann so aufgebracht sein, dass die Primärstrahlung, welche ohne Wandlung durch das Konverterelement hindurchtritt, auf das Mikrolinsenarray trifft. Dabei kann die Positionierung und/oder die räumliche Ausdehnung des Mikrolinsenarrays derart bestimmt werden, dass auch eine Ablenkung der Primärstrahlung unter einem vorbestimmten Winkel durch das defekte Konverterelement berücksichtigt wird. Somit kann die Primärstrahlung beim einem Defekt des Konverterelements zuverlässig zerstreut werden.Preferably, the primary radiation impinging on the converter element runs along an imaginary line, the microlens array being arranged in a region of an intersection of the imaginary line and the deflection device. The microlens array is applied, for example, on the surface of the deflection device facing the converter element. The microlens array may be applied so that the primary radiation, which passes through the converter element without conversion, strikes the microlens array. In this case, the positioning and / or the spatial extent of the microlens array can be determined such that a deflection of the primary radiation at a predetermined angle by the defective converter element is taken into account. Thus, the primary radiation can be reliably dissipated at a defect of the converter element.

In einer Ausführungsform sind die jeweiligen Mikrolinsen zumindest bereichsweise spiegelnd ausgebildet. Die jeweiligen Mikrolinsen können zumindest bereichsweise eine spiegelende Oberfläche aufweisen. Die Mikrolinsen können beispielsweise eine Beschichtung aus einem spiegelnden Material, insbesondere einem Metall, aufweisen. Somit kann zuverlässig erreicht werden, dass die Primärstrahlung bei einem Defekt des Konverterelements zerstreut wird.In one embodiment, the respective microlenses are at least partially reflective. The respective microlenses may have a reflective surface at least in some areas. The microlenses may be, for example, a coating of a reflective material, in particular a metal. Thus, it can be reliably achieved that the primary radiation is dissipated in the event of a defect of the converter element.

Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Mikrolinsen jeweils an einer dem Konverterelement zugewandten Seite konkav ausgebildet sind. Die Mikrolinsen können als Streulinsen ausgebildet sein, mit denen die Primärstrahlung, die insbesondere als konzentrierter Laserstrahl vorliegt, aufgeweitet werden kann. Somit kann die Strahlungsenergie der Primärstrahlung reduziert werden. Insbesondere kann die Strahlungsenergie in einem vorbestimmten Bereich vor dem Scheinwerfer, beispielsweise in einem Abstand von 2 Metern vor dem Scheinwerfer, reduziert werden. Somit können bestehende Sicherheitsnormen zuverlässig eingehalten werden.Furthermore, it is advantageous if the microlenses are each concave on a side facing the converter element. The microlenses can be designed as scattering lenses, with which the primary radiation, which is present in particular as a concentrated laser beam, can be widened. Thus, the radiation energy of the primary radiation can be reduced. In particular, the radiation energy can be reduced in a predetermined area in front of the headlight, for example at a distance of 2 meters in front of the headlight. Thus, existing safety standards can be reliably met.

In einer Ausführungsform weisen die Mikrolinsen jeweils einen Radius in einem Bereich zwischen 0,1 Millimeter und 1 Millimeter auf. Insbesondere weisen die Mikrolinsen jeweils einen Radius von 0,5 Millimetern auf. Das komplette Mikrolinsenarray kann beispielsweise einen Durchmesser im Bereich zwischen 10 und 20 Millimetern aufweisen. Somit weist das Mikrolinsenarray eine Vielzahl von einzelnen Mikrolinsen auf. Damit kann erreicht werden, dass die konzentrierte Primärstrahlung, die auf die jeweiligen Mikrolinsen trifft, zuverlässig zerstreut werden kann.In one embodiment, the microlenses each have a radius in a range between 0.1 millimeter and 1 millimeter. In particular, the microlenses each have a radius of 0.5 millimeters. The complete microlens array, for example, have a diameter in the range between 10 and 20 millimeters. Thus, the microlens array has a plurality of individual microlenses. It can thus be achieved that the concentrated primary radiation which impinges on the respective microlenses can be reliably dispersed.

Ein erfindungsgemäßer Scheinwerfer für ein Kraftfahrzeug umfasst eine erfindungsgemäße Beleuchtungsvorrichtung. Der Scheinwerfer kann insbesondere als Frontscheinwerfer ausgebildet sein.An inventive headlight for a motor vehicle comprises a lighting device according to the invention. The headlight can be designed in particular as a headlight.

Ein erfindungsgemäßes Kraftfahrzeug umfasst zumindest einen erfindungsgemäßen Scheinwerfer. Bevorzugt umfasst jeder Scheinwerfer des Kraftfahrzeugs eine erfindungsgemäße Beleuchtungsvorrichtung. Mit den Scheinwerfern kann beispielsweise ein Abblendlicht, ein Fernlicht, ein Tagfahrlicht, ein Stadtlicht, ein Landstraßenlicht oder dergleichen bereitgestellt werden. Das Kraftfahrzeug ist insbesondere als Personenkraftwagen ausgebildet.A motor vehicle according to the invention comprises at least one headlight according to the invention. Each headlight of the motor vehicle preferably comprises a lighting device according to the invention. With the headlamps, for example, a low beam, a high beam, a daytime running light, a city light, a highway light or the like can be provided. The motor vehicle is designed in particular as a passenger car.

Ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren dient zum Betreiben einer Beleuchtungsvorrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug. Hierbei wird mittels einer Lichtquelle eine Primärstrahlung mit einer ersten Wellenlängenverteilung ausgesendet. Die Primärstrahlung wird mittels eines Konverterelements in eine Sekundärstrahlung mit einer zweiten Wellenlängenverteilung gewandelt. Ferner wird mittels eines Reflektorelements einer Ablenkeinrichtung die Sekundärstrahlung reflektiert. Zudem weist die Ablenkeinrichtung ein Mikrolinsenarray mit einer Mehrzahl von Mikrolinsen auf, wobei mittels zumindest einer der Mikrolinsen bei einem Ausfall des Konverterelements die Primärstrahlung gestreut wird, wobei die Mikrolinsen derart zueinander angeordnet sind, dass zwischen zwei benachbarten Mikrolinsen jeweils ein Zwischenraum angeordnet ist, und wobei in dem Zwischenraum ein Absorberelement zum Absorbieren der Primärstrahlung angeordnet ist.An inventive method is used to operate a lighting device for a motor vehicle. In this case, a primary radiation having a first wavelength distribution is emitted by means of a light source. The primary radiation is converted by means of a converter element into a secondary radiation converted with a second wavelength distribution. Furthermore, the secondary radiation is reflected by means of a reflector element of a deflection device. In addition, the deflection device has a microlens array with a plurality of microlenses, wherein the primary radiation is scattered by means of at least one of the microlenses in case of failure of the converter element, the microlenses are arranged to each other, that between each two adjacent microlenses each a space is arranged, and wherein in the intermediate space an absorber element for absorbing the primary radiation is arranged.

Die mit Bezug auf die erfindungsgemäße Beleuchtungsvorrichtung vorgestellten bevorzugten Ausführungsformen und deren Vorteile gelten entsprechend für den erfindungsgemäßen Scheinwerfer, das erfindungsgemäße Kraftfahrzeug sowie das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren.The preferred embodiments presented with reference to the lighting device according to the invention and their advantages apply correspondingly to the headlight according to the invention, the motor vehicle according to the invention and the method according to the invention.

Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Ansprüchen, den Figuren und der Figurenbeschreibung. Die vorstehend in der Beschreibung genannten Merkmale und Merkmalskombinationen, sowie die nachfolgend in der Figurenbeschreibung genannten und/oder in den Figuren alleine gezeigten Merkmale und Merkmalskombinationen sind nicht nur in der jeweils angegebenen Kombination, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung verwendbar, ohne den Rahmen der Erfindung zu verlassen.Further features of the invention will become apparent from the claims, the figures and the description of the figures. The features and feature combinations mentioned above in the description, as well as the features and combinations of features mentioned below in the description of the figures and / or shown alone in the figures, can be used not only in the respectively specified combination but also in other combinations or in isolation, without the frame to leave the invention.

Die Erfindung wird nun anhand von bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispielen sowie unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert.The invention will now be described with reference to preferred embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Dabei zeigen:

Fig. 1
in schematischer Darstellung ein Kraftfahrzeug gemäß einer Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung, welches zwei Scheinwerfer aufweist;
Fig. 2
eine Beleuchtungsvorrichtung für die Scheinwerfer in einer geschnittenen Seitenansicht;
Fig. 3
die Beleuchtungsvorrichtung gemäß Fig. 2 in einer Perspektivansicht, wobei ein Konverterelement der Beleuchtungsvorrichtung einen Defekt aufweist; und
Fig.4
die Beleuchtungsvorrichtung gemäß Fig. 3 in einer weiteren Perspektivansicht.
Showing:
Fig. 1
a schematic representation of a motor vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, which has two headlights;
Fig. 2
a lighting device for the headlights in a sectional side view;
Fig. 3
the lighting device according to Fig. 2 in a perspective view, wherein a converter element of the lighting device has a defect; and
Figure 4
the lighting device according to Fig. 3 in another perspective view.

In den Figuren werden gleiche oder funktionsgleiche Elemente mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.In the figures, identical or functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals.

Fig. 1 zeigt ein Kraftfahrzeug 1 gemäß einer Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung in einer Draufsicht. Das Kraftfahrzeug 1 ist in dem vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel als Personenkraftwagen ausgebildet. Das Kraftfahrzeug 1 umfasst zwei Scheinwerfer 2, die als Frontscheinwerfer ausgebildet sind. Die Scheinwerfer 2 umfassen jeweils eine Beleuchtungsvorrichtung 3. Fig. 1 shows a motor vehicle 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention in a plan view. The motor vehicle 1 is formed in the present embodiment as a passenger car. The motor vehicle 1 comprises two headlights 2, which are designed as front headlights. The headlights 2 each comprise a lighting device 3.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine Ausführungsform der Beleuchtungsvorrichtung 3 in einer geschnittenen Seitenansicht. Die Beleuchtungsvorrichtung 3 umfasst eine Lichtquelle 4, die beispielsweise zumindest einen Laser oder eine Laserdiode umfasst. Mit der Lichtquelle 4 kann eine Primärstrahlung 5 mit einer ersten Wellenlängenverteilung ausgesendet werden. Insbesondere kann mit der Lichtquelle 4 Licht im blauen Wellenlängenbereich ausgesendet werden. Die Primärstrahlung 5 wird von der Lichtquelle 4 optional über einen Integrator 6 zu einem Umlenkspiegel 7 geleitet. Der Umlenkspiegel 7 lenkt die Primärstrahlung 5 zu einem Konverterelement 8 um. Das Konverterelement 8 dient dazu, die Primärstrahlung 5 in eine Sekundärstrahlung 9 zu wandeln. Die Sekundärstrahlung 9 weist eine zweite Wellenlängenverteilung auf. Insbesondere ist die Sekundärstrahlung 9 Licht im weißen Wellenlängenbereich. In dem vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel sind die Lichtquelle 4, der Integrator 6, der Umlenkspiegel 7 und das Konverterelement 8 in einem Gehäuse 14 angeordnet. Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the lighting device 3 in a sectional side view. The illumination device 3 comprises a light source 4 which comprises, for example, at least one laser or one laser diode. With the light source 4, a primary radiation 5 can be emitted with a first wavelength distribution. In particular, 4 light in the blue wavelength range can be emitted with the light source. The primary radiation 5 is optionally conducted by the light source 4 via an integrator 6 to a deflection mirror 7. The deflecting mirror 7 deflects the primary radiation 5 to a converter element 8. The converter element 8 serves to convert the primary radiation 5 into a secondary radiation 9. The secondary radiation 9 has a second wavelength distribution. In particular, the secondary radiation 9 is light in the white wavelength range. In the present exemplary embodiment, the light source 4, the integrator 6, the deflection mirror 7 and the converter element 8 are arranged in a housing 14.

Die Sekundärstrahlung 9 wird von dem Konverterelement 8 zudem zerstreut. Dies ist vorliegend durch die einzelnen Lichtstrahlen dargestellt. Die Sekundärstrahlung 9 trifft auf eine Ablenkeinrichtung 10. Die Ablenkeinrichtung 10 weist an einer dem Konverterelement 8 zugewandten Seite 11 ein Reflektorelement 12 auf, welches zum Ablenken der Sekundärstrahlung 9 dient. Das Reflektorelement 12 kann beispielsweise durch eine metallische Beschichtung bereitgestellt werden. Darüber hinaus umfasst die Ablenkeinrichtung 10 ein hier nur schematisch dargestelltes Mikrolinsenarray 13. Das Mikrolinsenarray 13 dient ferner dazu, die Sekundärstrahlung 9 zu reflektieren beziehungsweise abzulenken, wobei vorliegend eine ideale Ablenkung beziehungsweise Reflexion der Sekundärstrahlung 9 durch das Mikrolinsenarray 13 gezeigt ist. Zudem werden die Lichtstrahlen der Sekundärstrahlung 9, die auf das Mikrolinsenarray 13 auftreffen, durch das Mikrolinsenarray 13 zerstreut.The secondary radiation 9 is also scattered by the converter element 8. This is shown here by the individual light beams. The secondary radiation 9 strikes a deflection device 10. The deflection device 10 has, on a side 11 facing the converter element 8, a reflector element 12 which serves to deflect the secondary radiation 9. The reflector element 12 can be provided for example by a metallic coating. In addition, the deflection device 10 comprises a microlens array 13, which is shown only schematically here. The microlens array 13 further serves to reflect or deflect the secondary radiation 9, in the present case an ideal deflection or reflection of the secondary radiation 9 through the microlens array 13 is shown. In addition, the light rays of the secondary radiation 9 impinging on the microlens array 13 are scattered by the microlens array 13.

Fig. 3 zeigt die Beleuchtungsvorrichtung 3 in einer Perspektivansicht. Vorliegend weist das Konverterelement 8 einen Defekt auf. Dies führt dazu, dass die Primärstrahlung 5 durch das Konverterelement 8 nicht in die Sekundärstrahlung 9 umgewandelt wird. Somit trifft die Primärstrahlung 5 als konzentrierter Laserstrahl direkt auf das Mikrolinsenarray 13. Das Mikrolinsenarray 13 ist eine Mehrzahl von Mikrolinsen 16 auf. Die Anordnung der Mikrolinsen 16 in dem Mikrolinsenarray ist insbesondere in Fig. 4 zu erkennen, die eine weitere Perspektivansicht der Beleuchtungsvorrichtung 3 zeigt. Die Mikrolinsen 16 sind matrixartig in Zeilen und Spalten in dem Mikrolinsenarray 13 angeordnet. Die einzelnen Mikrolinsen 16 können beispielsweise einen Radius von 0,5 Millimetern aufweisen. Die Mikrolinsen 16 können aus einem Glas oder aus einem Kunststoff gefertigt sein. Zudem können die Mikrolinsen 16 eine spiegelnde Beschichtung aufweisen. Mit den jeweiligen Mikrolinsen 16 kann die Primärstrahlung 5, die auf das Mikrolinsenarray 13 trifft, zerstreut werden. Dies ist vorliegend durch das Lichtbündel 15 verdeutlicht. Somit kann die gefährliche Primärstrahlung 5 beziehungsweise Laserstrahlung zerstreut werden. Somit kann die Intensität der Primärstrahlung reduziert werden und somit Gefährdungen von Lebewesen verhindert werden. Fig. 3 shows the lighting device 3 in a perspective view. In the present case, the converter element 8 has a defect. As a result, the primary radiation 5 is not converted by the converter element 8 into the secondary radiation 9. Thus, the primary radiation 5 strikes the microlens array 13 as a concentrated laser beam directly. The microlens array 13 is a plurality of microlenses 16. The arrangement of the microlenses 16 in the microlens array is particularly in Fig. 4 which shows a further perspective view of the lighting device 3. The microlenses 16 are arranged in a matrix-like manner in rows and columns in the microlens array 13. The individual microlenses 16 may, for example, have a radius of 0.5 millimeters. The microlenses 16 may be made of a glass or of a plastic. In addition, the microlenses 16 may have a reflective coating. With the respective microlenses 16, the primary radiation 5, which strikes the microlens array 13, can be scattered. This is illustrated by the light beam 15 in the present case. Thus, the dangerous primary radiation 5 or laser radiation can be scattered. Thus, the intensity of the primary radiation can be reduced and thus endangerment of living beings can be prevented.

Claims (8)

  1. Lighting device (3) for a headlamp (2) of a motor vehicle (1), with a light source (4) for emitting a primary beam (5) which has a first wavelength distribution, with a converter element (8) for converting the primary beam (5) into a secondary beam (9) which has a second wavelength distribution, and with a deflecting device (10) which has a reflector element (12) for reflecting the secondary beam (9),
    characterised in that
    the deflecting device (10) has a microlens array (13) with a plurality of microlenses (16), wherein at least one of the microlenses (16) is designed to scatter the primary beam (5) in the event of a malfunction of the converter element (8), wherein the microlenses (16) are arranged relative to one another in such a way that an intermediate space is arranged between two adjacent microlenses (16) in each case, wherein an absorber element for absorbing the primary beam (5) is arranged in the intermediate space.
  2. Lighting device (3) according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the primary beam (5) which is incident on the converter element (8) extends along an imaginary line, wherein the microlens array (13) is arranged in a region of a point of intersection of the imaginary line and the deflecting device (10).
  3. Lighting device (3) according to claim 1 or 2,
    characterised in that
    the respective microlenses (16) are designed to be reflective at least in some areas.
  4. Lighting device (3) according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the microlenses (16) are in each case concave on a side facing the converter element (8).
  5. Lighting device (3) according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the microlenses (16) in each case have a radius in a range between 0.1 mm and 1 mm.
  6. Headlamp (2) for a motor vehicle (1) with a lighting device (3) according to any one of the preceding claims.
  7. Motor vehicle (1) with at least one headlamp (2) according to claim 6.
  8. Method of operating a lighting device (3) for a motor vehicle (1), in which a primary beam (5) which has a first wavelength distribution is emitted by means of a light source (4), the primary beam (5) is converted by means of a converter element (8) into a secondary beam (9) which has a second wavelength distribution, and the secondary beam (9) is reflected by means of a reflector element (12) of a deflecting device (10),
    characterised in that
    the deflecting device (10) has a microlens array (13) with a plurality of microlenses (16), wherein the primary beam (5) is scattered by means of at least one of the microlenses (16) in the event of a malfunction of the converter element (8), wherein the microlenses (16) are arranged relative to one another in such a way that an intermediate space is arranged between two adjacent microlenses (16) in each case, and wherein an absorber element for absorbing the primary beam (5) is arranged in the intermediate space.
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