EP2902631B1 - Pompe centrifuge réglable avec obturateur actionné au moyen d'un système de translation-rotation de surfaces inclinées - Google Patents

Pompe centrifuge réglable avec obturateur actionné au moyen d'un système de translation-rotation de surfaces inclinées Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2902631B1
EP2902631B1 EP15000548.6A EP15000548A EP2902631B1 EP 2902631 B1 EP2902631 B1 EP 2902631B1 EP 15000548 A EP15000548 A EP 15000548A EP 2902631 B1 EP2902631 B1 EP 2902631B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shutter
centrifugal pump
adjustable centrifugal
rotor
inclined surfaces
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EP15000548.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2902631A1 (fr
Inventor
Sergio Metelli
Stefano Vaccari
Riccardo Roveglia
Donato Manenti
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METELLI SpA
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METELLI SpA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
    • F04D15/0027—Varying behaviour or the very pump
    • F04D15/0038—Varying behaviour or the very pump by varying the effective cross-sectional area of flow through the rotor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an adjustable centrifugal pump with shutter actuated by means of a roto-translating system of inclined surfaces.
  • the present invention relates to a radial, centrifugal turbo pump, applicable to reciprocating internal combustion engines, suitable to make a flow of coolant liquid circulate inside a coolant system and to choke said flow of liquid as far as preventing the circulation of liquid in said system.
  • the circulation of coolant liquid inside the cooling system is generally ensured by a radial, centrifugal turbo pump.
  • the coolant pump receives the motion directly from the engine, usually via a belt/pulley transmission and is thereby always in rotation therewith.
  • the coolant liquid During cold starting it is often undesirable for the coolant liquid to circulate in the cooling system since it prevents the engine from rapidly reaching operating temperature, resulting in increased fuel consumption and pollutant emissions, as well as limiting the immediate supply of engine performance.
  • centrifugal turbo pumps adjustable by means of a shutter positioned on the impeller are described in the patent application EP 2 551 484 and in the patents EP 1 963 637 , DE 10 2010 052996 and DE 10 2008 006451 .
  • the patent DE 102010052996 on behalf of BMW AG [DE]/TCG Unitech Systemtechnik GmbH [AT] describes a centrifugal pump adjustable by means of a shutter driven by a thermostatic actuator.
  • the actuator acting in a radial direction and tangentially to the shutter, gives the latter a rotational moment.
  • the shutter is provided with spiral or ramp surfaces, made on the inner side of said shutter and on a fixed part placed centrally. The shutter is thus forced to rotate and simultaneously move in an axial direction so as to place itself in the working position on the impeller.
  • the patent DE 102008006451 on behalf of Audi AG [DE], describes a centrifugal pump adjustable by means of a shutter operable axially to the impeller by means of a screw or with spiral or ramp surfaces positioned on the shutter and on the casing of the pump.
  • the shutter is moved by a generic actuator that places it in rotation, while the screw or ramp surfaces simultaneously make it translate.
  • the patent DE102008059462 relates to a radial pump with a rotatably impeller mounted in a housing, with a ring slide between the impeller and an outlet area designed to be axially movable; the gap annular slide about the axis of the mounted rotatably and axially displaceable in the housing. Between the split ring and the slide housing, a threaded or ramp-like guide is arranged and wherein the gap annular slide is connected to a turning device.
  • the pump has at least one first sealing element located between the gap sealing slide and the housing, and at least one second sealing element located on impeller-side end face of the gap sealing slide.
  • the sealing elements can be formed as O-ring seals.
  • a typical drawback of these adjustable pumps is that the adjustment performed by the actuation of a shutter requires a centrifugal pump with a constructionally more complex casing and with a greater number of components than a conventional centrifugal pump, with stricter dimensional tolerances and hence higher manufacturing costs.
  • a further drawback of these types of pumps, in particular those where the shutter is moved by pistons, is due to the fact that the multiple components which interact with the shutter must each have sealing means, both on the side of the hydraulic pump, and on the vacuum operation side, to avoid leakage and losses of fluid or air which could jeopardise the operation of the pump.
  • a further drawback of the types of adjustable pumps mentioned above is that the translatory forward movement of the shutter is constant and cannot be accelerated or delayed as needed between the operating limit positions of the shutter.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks mentioned above.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an adjustable centrifugal pump with shutter actuated by means of a roto-translating system of inclined surfaces which is simple to construct and composed of a reduced number of components.
  • a further purpose of the present invention is to provide an adjustable centrifugal pump with shutter actuated by means of a roto-translating system of inclined surfaces with a limited number of gaskets and sealing elements of the fluids.
  • a further purpose of the present invention is to provide an adjustable centrifugal pump with shutter actuated by means of a roto-translating system of inclined surfaces with smooth, regular functioning, without jamming or blockages and with a reduced implementation force.
  • a no less important purpose of the invention is to provide a centrifugal pump having a translation movement of said shutter variable according to the position of the shutter during the operating stroke.
  • Yet a further purpose of the present invention is to provide to users an adjustable centrifugal pump suitable to ensure a high level of resistance and reliability over time and such as to be easy and economical to produce.
  • Said body 11 has a tubular central through portion 11' which, together with the inner cylindrical surface of said body 11, defines a toroidal shape chamber 13 with an open end and a bottom 13'.
  • a cylindrical, tubular appendage 14 closed at one end is positioned tangentially and radially relative to the longitudinal direction, formed together with the body 11 and positioned in a tangential direction relative to the outer surface of said body 11.
  • a circular diaphragm seat 15 From the open end of said appendage 14 a circular diaphragm seat 15, a gasket seat 16 also circular in shape with relative shoulders and a blind hole 17 extend in order, in a radial direction relative to the body axis 11 and concentrically to one another.
  • Said blind hole 17 has on its surface, in the radial direction towards the centre of the body 11, a slit 18 of a parallelepiped shape and made in said body 11, which connects said hole 17 to the chamber 13.
  • the appendage 14 also has a connection hole 19 between the diaphragm seat 15 and the outside environment situated near the gasket seat 16 and in a radial direction to the axis of said appendage 14.
  • a counterbore 20 is made concentrically to the chamber 13.
  • the inner surface of the central tubular part 11' defines a housing 21 for a support 30, usually consisting of a sliding or rolling bearing, in which a rotary shaft 31 is rotatably positioned to which a bladed impeller 32 is fitted.
  • the bottom 13' of the body 11 is further provided with known means for the stabilisation of a hub 33 for the connection between the shaft 31 and the kinematic transmission with the engine.
  • a front insulation seal 34 between the hydraulic part of the pump and the housing 21 of the body 11 of the pump is also positioned and stabilised, in the same housing 21.
  • a rotor 40 in contact with the inner surface of the bottom 13' is rotatably inserted.
  • Said rotor 40 is composed of a cylindrical tubular body defining on its inner surface a plurality of equally spaced protrusions 41, generally but not exclusively of a triangular shape, extending for about half the length of the rotor and with a side adjacent to the outer end of the rotor 40 placed towards the bottom 13'.
  • said protrusions 41 have a straight triangular shape in which the sides define the outer walls which extend in a radial direction to the rotor axis 40.
  • the surface defined by the hypotenuse of said triangular protrusion 41 defines an inclined surface 42 or ramp. Said surface decreases until the end of the rotor 40 in the direction of rotation of said rotor.
  • the surface 42 may have a curvilinear extension with a concave or convex profile, involute or defined by a succession of lines or curves forming a cam.
  • a cylindrical manoeuvring pin 43 is positioned with a hinging hole 43' positioned radially to the diameter of said pin 43 on its free end.
  • a shutter 50 having a cup shape is slidingly positioned with a perforated bottom 50' inserted at the central tubular part 11' of the body 11 housed inside the chamber 13 with the outer surface of the perforated bottom 50' in contact with the bottom 13'.
  • a plurality of equally spaced out cavities 51 are defined, of a homologous triangular shape and coupled to the protrusions 41 of the rotor 40. Said cavities 51 extend for about a third of the length of the shutter 50 and have an open side on the outer wall of the perforated bottom 50'.
  • the cavities 51 have, similarly to the protrusions 41, a straight triangular shape in which two sides define the inner walls of said cavities 51 which extend in a radial direction to the shutter axis 40.
  • the surface defined by the hypotenuse of said cavity 51 defines an inclined surface 52 or ramp. Said inclined surface 52 decrease until the open end of the cavity 51 along the circumference of rotation of said rotor 40.
  • the surface 52 may have a concave or convex curvilinear extension, involute or a succession of lines or curves forming a cam.
  • Said cavities 51 of the shutter 50 are arranged so as to contain the protrusions 41 of the rotor 40, with the inclined surfaces 42 in contact and slidingly cooperating with the inclined surfaces 52 of said shutter.
  • a multiplicity of linear guide grooves 53 are also made extending in the axial direction from the open end of the shutter up to about half of its length.
  • the inclined surfaces 42 and 52 may be made of different materials from those of the rotor 40 and the shutter 50, having a low coefficient of friction, and applied by means of known surface deposition methods or by means of inserts applied by means of attachment elements, braze welding, gluing or co-moulding to said rotor 40 and shutter 50.
  • the rotor 40 rotatably positioned in the body 11, is held in position by a locking ring 60 of a cylindrical shape firmly fixed in the body 11, with known locking means such as threads or by mechanical interference, at the counterbore 20.
  • a plurality of guide pins 61 which extend radially and are suitable to fit into the guide grooves 53 of the shutter 50 are placed on the inner diametrical surface of said locking ring 60.
  • the shutter 50 is held in the rest position with the perforated bottom 50' in contact with the bottom 13' of the chamber 13 by a spring 70, inserted in and surrounding the central tubular portion 11' of the body 11.
  • Said spring 70 pushes said shutter 50 towards the bottom 13' of the body 11 at the inner surface of the perforated bottom 50' and is further held in place by a disc-shaped support ring 71, securely attached to the body 11, at the central tubular portion 11', with known attachment means.
  • Said known attachment means are generally constituted by threads made on the inner diameter of the support ring 71 and the outside diameter of the central tubular part 11' or may be made through forcing or caulking of the same.
  • a stem 75 of a cylindrical shape is slidingly inserted with a head 75' acting in conjunction with a diaphragm 76, having the shape of a circular cup open at the bottom with a hole 76' and with an outer circular portion forming an edge 76" generally having a toroidal, O-ring shape.
  • Said diaphragm 76 is inserted inside the diaphragm seat 15 of the appendage 14 with the stem 75 passing through the hole 76' and the head 75' of the stem positioned at the cup-shaped bottom of said diaphragm 76.
  • the stem 75 is connected with a hinge to the manoeuvring pin 43 of the rotor 40 at the hole 43'.
  • Said manoeuvring pin 43 is slidingly inserted inside the slit 18 and engages the stem 75 in the blind hole 17, moving linearly on a section of outer circumference of the chamber 13.
  • the tightness of the inner part of the pump 10 between the stem 75 and the blind hole 17 is ensured by a ring-shaped gasket 77 positioned in the seal seat 16.
  • the open top of the appendage 14 is closed by a circular cup-shaped cap 78, with a hole 78' for connection to a fluid system, so as to form a chamber 80 defined by the inner surfaces of the diaphragm 76 and the cap 78.
  • the actuation system of the stem may also be made from a mechanical or electrical or electromechanical device.
  • the functioning of the adjustable centrifugal pump 10 of the invention with a shutter actuated by means of a roto-translating system of inclined surfaces and described below may be inferred from the description of its constituent parts.
  • the impeller 34 of the pump 10 is always in rotation, as connected to the shaft 31 driven directly by the motor from the connection side of the hub 33.
  • the body 11 of the pump is connected from the flange side 12 to a volute (not shown) provided with the relative connection outlets to the cooling system of the engine.
  • a vacuum is created in the chamber 80 through the hole 78', while the air pressure entering from the connection hole 19, pushes the diaphragm 76, and with it the head 75' of the stem 75, making the latter slide in an outgoing direction from the blind hole 17, as shown in Figure 2b .
  • the stem 75 connected to the manoeuvring pin 43 of the rotor 40, imparts to said rotor 40 a rotational torque that makes it rotate inside the chamber 13 of the body 11.
  • the rotor 40 rotating, engages the protrusions 41 with the cavities 51 of the shutter 50 through the inclined surfaces 42 which co-operate sliding on the inclined surfaces 52 of the shutter 50.
  • the inclined surfaces 42 of the rotor 40 opposite the inclined surfaces 52 of the shutter tend to pull the shutter 50 in rotation together with the rotor 40.
  • the guide pins 61 of the locking ring 60 being inserted in the grooves 53 of the shutter 50, prevent said shutter 50 from rotating together with the rotor 40, allowing it only the movement of axial translation.
  • the shutter 50 translating, moves into position to cover the outer periphery of the impeller 32 (dotted line in figure 3 ) restricting the flow of liquid in output from the pump as far as blocking it entirely when the shutter 50 has completely closed the passage in the volute, as shown in the configuration in figure 2b .
  • the shutter 50 compresses the spring 70 pushing it against the support ring 71 at the perforated bottom 50'.
  • the spring 70 reaches the maximum state of compression ensuring the return of the shutter to the rest position when the stem 75 is no longer driven by the vacuum of the chamber 80.
  • the spring 70 pushes the shutter 50 at the perforated bottom 50'.
  • the shutter 50 translates in the opposite direction to the actuation direction guided by the guide pins 61 inserted in the grooves 53, and the inclined surfaces 52, slidingly placed in contrast with the surfaces 42 of the rotor, place said rotor in rotation in the opposite direction to the actuation direction.
  • the pump can resume the configuration of figure 2a , since the roto-translating system of inclined surfaces of the rotor 40 and the shutter 50 is a reversible system.
  • the stem 75 can be moved by any mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, magnetic, electrical or electromechanical device capable of driving said stem in both directions.
  • the spring 70 creates a "fail safe" safety device so that, where the drive does not return the stem 75 to the rest position, the shutter 50 does not in any case remain positioned on the impeller 32 preventing the circulation of the coolant fluid with consequent damage to the engine.
  • the inclined surfaces 42 of the rotor 40 and 52 of the shutter 50 may have a curvilinear shape with concave or convex, involute or cam extensions
  • a law of movement of the shutter 50 may be defined depending on its position, with a movement defined by the shape of the inclined surfaces 42 and 52 cooperating with each other.
  • the shutter 50 may thus move more rapidly in the starting phase and more slowly when it is close to the operating position, allowing a regulation of the flow depending on the desired characteristics.
  • the inclined surfaces 42 and 52 thanks to the materials with a low coefficient of friction applied to the rotor 40 and the shutter 50, guarantee smooth and regular functioning even with surfaces having a complex shape.
  • the adjustable centrifugal pump of the present invention is particularly advantageous in that the rotor 40, being positioned outside the shutter 50, allows the actuation device of the stem 75 to have a lever arm of greater length, permitting the movement of said shutter 50 with little force.
  • a further advantage is that the rotor 40, completely enveloping the outer diametrical surface of the shutter 50 during its rotation, permits a favourable distribution of the rotational torque on the inclined surfaces 52 of the latter, which can slide only in the axial direction with a smooth movement and without jamming or blockages.
  • the concentric arrangement of the shutter 50 and the rotor 40 in the body 11 which permits the realisation of a pump which is compact in size, easy and cheap to produce, with a limited number of components and with a limited number of seals and insulation gaskets between the hydraulic part of the pump and the outside.

Claims (16)

  1. Pompe centrifuge réglable (10) comprenant:
    - un corps (11) connecté au moyen d'une bride (12) à une volute, ledit corps (11) ayant une portion traversante centrale tubulaire (11') qui, avec la surface cylindrique intérieure dudit corps (11), définit une chambre de forme toroïdale (13) avec une extrémité ouverte faisant face à la volute et un fond (13'), une surface intérieure de la portion traversante centrale tubulaire (11') définissant un logement (21) pour un support (30);
    - un appendice (14) ayant une forme cylindrique fermée à une extrémité, positionné de manière tangentielle et radiale par rapport à la direction longitudinale sur la surface diamétrale extérieure dudit corps (11) et approprié pour loger de manière coulissante dans un joint (77) la tige (75) d'un dispositif d'actionnement;
    - un arbre (31) positionné de manière rotative à l'intérieur dudit logement (21) au moyen du support (30);
    - un moyeu (33) placé sur l'extrémité de connexion cinématique et un joint d'étanchéité avant (34) placé sur l'extrémité clé libre dudit arbre (31);
    - une roue (32) ajustée en porte-à-faux sur l'extrémité libre dudit arbre (31);
    - un obturateur cupuliforme (50) ayant un fond perforé (50') positionné de manière coulissante le long de l'axe de rotation entre deux positions limites et approprié pour se placer sur la périphérie extérieure de ladite roue (32);
    caractérisée en ce que, entre la surface diamétrale intérieure de ladite chambre (13) du corps (11) et la surface diamétrale extérieure dudit obturateur (50), un rotor (40) d'une forme tubulaire cylindrique est positionné de manière rotative, sur la surface diamétrale intérieure duquel au moins une surface inclinée (42) est positionnée, coopérant de manière coulissante sur au moins une surface inclinée (52), positionnée sur la surface diamétrale extérieure de l'obturateur (50) de telle sorte qu'une rotation dudit rotor (40) correspond à une translation dudit obturateur (50).
  2. Pompe centrifuge réglable (10) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ladite au moins une surface inclinée (42) est créée sur la paroi périphérique d'une saillie (41) positionnée sur la surface diamétrale intérieure dudit rotor (40).
  3. Pompe centrifuge réglable (10) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ladite au moins une surface inclinée (52) est créée sur la paroi périphérique d'une cavité (51) positionnée sur la surface diamétrale extérieure dudit obturateur (50).
  4. Pompe centrifuge réglable (10) selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que ledit obturateur (50) comporte sur sa surface diamétrale extérieure au moins une rainure longitudinale (53), s'étendant dans la direction axiale dudit obturateur (50).
  5. Pompe centrifuge réglable (10) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ledit rotor (40) est stabilisé de manière rotative dans la direction axiale à l'intérieur de la chambre (13) par un anneau de verrouillage (60) avec au moins une tige de guidage (61) d'une forme cylindrique, s'étendant radialement sur la surface diamétrale intérieure dudit anneau de verrouillage (60), ladite tige de guidage (61) étant insérée dans ladite au moins une rainure (53) de l'obturateur (50).
  6. Pompe centrifuge réglable (10) selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que ladite au moins une tige de guidage (61) est positionnée sur la surface diamétrale extérieure de la chambre (13) ou sur la surface diamétrale d'un contre-alésage (20) créé sur le corps (11).
  7. Pompe centrifuge réglable (10) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ledit rotor (40) comprend, positionnée sur sa surface diamétrale extérieure dans la direction radiale, une tige de manoeuvre (43) appropriée pour s'articuler sur la tige (75) d'un dispositif d'actionnement.
  8. Pompe centrifuge réglable (10) selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que ladite tige de manoeuvre (43) peut être manoeuvrée de manière coulissante le long d'une portion de circonférence externe à la chambre (13) au moyen d'une fente de connexion (18) entre ladite chambre (13) et l'extérieur du corps (11), ladite tige s'articulant de manière rotative sur la tige (75), ladite tige étant positionnée de manière coulissante dans la direction radiale et tangentielle audit rotor (40).
  9. Pompe centrifuge réglable(10) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ledit rotor (40) et ledit obturateur (50) sont composés de métal ou de polymère plastique.
  10. Pompe centrifuge réglable (10) selon les revendications 2 et 3, caractérisée en ce que lesdites surfaces inclinées (42) et (52), créées sur les parois des saillies (41) et des cavités (51), sont composées d'un matériau ayant un coefficient de frottement différent de celui du rotor (40) et de l'obturateur (50).
  11. Pompe centrifuge réglable (10) selon la revendication 10, caractérisée en ce que lesdites surfaces inclinées (42) et (52) sont composées d'un matériau déposé sur lesdites saillies (41) et lesdites cavités (51).
  12. Pompe centrifuge réglable (10) selon la revendication 10, caractérisée en ce que lesdites surfaces inclinées (42) et (52) sont composées au moyen d'inserts appliqués auxdites saillies (41) et auxdites cavités (51).
  13. Pompe centrifuge réglable (10) selon les revendications 2 et 3, caractérisée en ce que lesdites surfaces inclinées (42) et (52), créées sur les parois des saillies (41) et des cavités (51), ont une extension planaire.
  14. Pompe centrifuge réglable (10) selon les revendications 2 et 3, caractérisée en ce que lesdites surfaces inclinées (42) et (52), créées sur les parois des saillies (41) et des cavités (51), ont une extension curviligne involutée ou convexe ou concave.
  15. Pompe centrifuge réglable (10) selon les revendications 2 et 3, caractérisée en ce que lesdites surfaces inclinées (42) et (52), créées sur les parois des saillies (41) et des cavités (51), ont une extension de came.
  16. Pompe centrifuge réglable (10) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la tige (75) est actionnée par un actionneur du type fluidique, mécanique, électromagnétique ou électromécanique.
EP15000548.6A 2014-02-04 2015-01-21 Pompe centrifuge réglable avec obturateur actionné au moyen d'un système de translation-rotation de surfaces inclinées Active EP2902631B1 (fr)

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EP2902631B1 true EP2902631B1 (fr) 2018-10-24

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4031774A4 (fr) * 2019-09-18 2023-10-11 Massachusetts Institute of Technology Volutes adaptatives pour pompes centrifuges

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3071278B1 (fr) 2017-09-18 2020-02-21 Sogefi Air & Cooling Dispositif de pompe a debit variable et circuit comprenant une telle pompe

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005062200B3 (de) 2005-12-23 2007-02-22 Geräte- und Pumpenbau GmbH Dr. Eugen Schmidt Regelbare Kühlmittelpumpe
AT506107B1 (de) * 2007-12-03 2009-11-15 Tcg Unitech Systemtechnik Gmbh Radialpumpe
DE102008006451B4 (de) 2008-01-29 2012-05-16 Audi Ag Kühlmittelpumpe mit integriertem Stellventil für einen Kühlkreislauf einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE102010052996B4 (de) 2009-12-15 2015-01-22 Bmw Ag Pumpe, insbesondere zum Fördern eines Kühlmittels einer Brennkraftmaschine
ITMI20111379A1 (it) 2011-07-25 2013-01-26 Metelli S P A Pompa di raffreddamento ad azionamento pneumatico

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4031774A4 (fr) * 2019-09-18 2023-10-11 Massachusetts Institute of Technology Volutes adaptatives pour pompes centrifuges

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