EP2901466B1 - Gleichstrom-schalter mit einer vorrichtung zur stromrichtungsunabhängigen lichtbogenlöschung - Google Patents

Gleichstrom-schalter mit einer vorrichtung zur stromrichtungsunabhängigen lichtbogenlöschung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2901466B1
EP2901466B1 EP13770454.0A EP13770454A EP2901466B1 EP 2901466 B1 EP2901466 B1 EP 2901466B1 EP 13770454 A EP13770454 A EP 13770454A EP 2901466 B1 EP2901466 B1 EP 2901466B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
arc
current
arcs
magnetic field
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13770454.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2901466A1 (de
Inventor
Axel Britz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eaton Electrical IP GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Eaton Electrical IP GmbH and Co KG
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Application filed by Eaton Electrical IP GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Eaton Electrical IP GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP2901466A1 publication Critical patent/EP2901466A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2901466B1 publication Critical patent/EP2901466B1/de
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H01H1/2041—Rotating bridge
    • H01H1/2058—Rotating bridge being assembled in a cassette, which can be placed as a complete unit into a circuit breaker
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/18—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H01H33/182—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet using permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/44—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H01H9/443—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet using permanent magnets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a DC switch with a device for current direction independent arc extinguishing.
  • a well-known principle for extinguishing arcs in load disconnectors and circuit breakers for alternating currents is to drive an arc by means of its own magnetic field in a specially provided quenching chamber, where it is divided and cooled by the arrangement of quenching plates in several small arcs. This cooling causes a voltage increase, which ultimately leads to the shutdown of the stream. Helpful in this case is the natural zero crossing of the current at an applied AC voltage source.
  • a switch which is suitable for a polarity-independent multipolar DC operation and has at least two switching chambers.
  • Each of the switching chambers has two extinguishing chambers with quenching plates for extinguishing arcs occurring in the respective switching chamber between contact areas.
  • Two magnets generate a magnetic field in the region of the switching contacts of all switching chambers such that arcs are driven independently of the current direction in the arc in the direction of one of the extinguishing chambers of the switching chambers.
  • This switch has a fast, reliable, and independent of the current direction erase behavior and therefore prevents polarization-induced installation errors and is suitable for applications where switches are required for both current directions.
  • An underlying idea of the present invention is to provide differently oriented magnetic fields for deflecting arcs resulting from the disconnection of a DC switch with a plurality of switching units. As a result, regardless of the current direction of the direct current to be switched, a deflection into extinguishing devices for extinguishing arcs is always effected.
  • the arrangement of the means for generating the magnetic fields for deflecting arcs in quenching can be selected according to the invention so that arcs are deflected by generated magnetic fields in some switching units in erasing devices and other switching units opposite, for example, against a switching shaft of a DC switch. For example, deflecting arcs against rotating double breaker switching shafts from e.g.
  • thermoset of rotary double breakers used as switching units can cause an extension and simultaneous cooling of the arc, without the surrounding components are destroyed. Therefore, the inventive principle of aligning magnetic fields for deflecting arcs in switching units of a DC switch may result in the voltage increase desired to separate the DC and arc breaks, and thus also contribute to the separation of small and critical currents at high voltages, for example can occur in the initially described cases.
  • a fault current occurs, for example when using a DC switch in a photovoltaic system, which is opposite in its current direction to the operating current; can nevertheless be deleted by the present invention reliably occurring arcs, as is deleted according to the invention, regardless of the direction of current flow through a DC switch.
  • the arrangement and orientation of magnetic fields for deflecting arcs can be distributed in principle according to the invention in principle.
  • the advantage is a uniform distribution as possible, so that in reversible current flow directions about similar extinguishing conditions are present and the switch can safely shut off the current flow regardless of polarity.
  • the invention is suitable to use switching devices for AC applications by technically less expensive modifications for switching DC currents.
  • the invention now relates to a DC switch with a device for current-independent arc extinguishing comprising at least two interconnected switching units, each switching unit having at least one current path with a breaker gap and each current path at least two switching contact elements for forming the breaker gap, at least one arc quenching device, the one or more Current paths of the switching units is assigned, and one or more magnetic field generating means, each generated magnetic field associated with a breaker distance of different switching units and aligned so that its field lines are substantially transverse to the respective interruption distance, and wherein the deflection forces of at least two magnetic fields generated in a predetermined current flow direction through the current paths opposite to extending along the respective interruption distance arcs w so that at least one arc is deflected in the direction of the arc quenching device and another arc is deflected away from the arc quenching device.
  • the devices for magnetic field generation may comprise, for example, electromagnets, permanent magnets and / or coil.
  • the switching units are rotary double breakers and an arc deflected away from the arc quenching device is directed to the switching shaft or a switching shaft segment of a double breaker.
  • the switching shaft or the switching shaft segment can serve to cool a directed thereon arc so that it breaks off or goes out.
  • a rotary double breaker has two interrupting paths, and the four switching contact element are each closed by a rotation separated, for example, two switching contact elements coupled to the switching shaft and thus movably mounted and two other switching contact element are fixed.
  • Each switching unit can each have at least one device for magnetic field generation.
  • a separate magnetic field can be generated for each switching unit, as a function of the predetermined current flow direction through the at least current path of a switching unit For example, can be determined by appropriate adjustment of the magnetic field, in which direction a resulting arc is deflected.
  • the parts of the switching units may be made of a material that causes cooling of an arc, in particular of a thermosetting plastic. It has been shown that a thermoset for cooling arcs is particularly well-suited without arcing damage to the thermoset occur.
  • the devices for magnetic field generation have permanent magnets, this has the advantage that no separate supply of electrical energy is required for generating a magnetic field.
  • the implementation with permanent magnets compared to electromagnets or coils is less expensive and less prone to failure.
  • the DC switch may be a four-phase AC switch, which is designed to switch direct current by appropriately interconnecting the individual switching units.
  • the in Fig. 1 shown in itself for the switching of 4-phase AC load switch 10 has four basically identical switching units 12, 14, 16 and 18 for each phase N, L1, L2 and L3.
  • the switching units 12, 14, 16 and 18 used are rotary double breakers, each having two current paths and two interrupting paths, which are connected together in series, in order to achieve the required high total arc voltage and thus an externally applied, counteract driving network voltage and extinguish the power as soon as possible.
  • Each double interrupter 12, 14, 16 and 18 also includes a thermoswitch switching shaft segment 38 which is coupled to and rotates with a selector shaft (not shown) to disconnect the contacts 28, 30 and 29, 31 of the interrupter legs 24 and 26 or connect.
  • Fig. 2 shows a double breaker in a side view.
  • the first flow path 20 has a first interrupter gap 24 with a lower fixed contact 28 and a contact piece with an upper loose contact 30.
  • the switching piece with the upper loose contact 30 is coupled via a switching contact arm 40 with the switching shaft segment 38 and can be moved by a rotation of the segment 38, so that the interruption path 24 can be opened or closed.
  • the second current path 22 has a second breaker gap 26 with an upper fixed contact 31 and a switching piece with a lower loose contact 29, which is also coupled via the switching contact arm 40 with the segment 38.
  • the Losête 29 and 30 are therefore moved synchronously over the switching shaft segment 38, so that the two interrupter lines 24 and 26 are opened and closed synchronously.
  • two extinguishing chambers each formed by packets with arc extinguishing plates 32 and 34, are arranged in each of the four double interrupters 12, 14, 16 and 18 in the area of the interrupter lines 24 and 26, respectively.
  • the arc quenching plate packages 32 and 34 are in this case arranged so that they extinguish arcs, which are directed in a predetermined direction away from the thermoset switching shaft segment 38 in the quenching plates 32 and 34, respectively.
  • each double interrupter 12, 14, 16 and 18 each has an array of permanent magnets 36 around at least one of their interrupter legs 24 and 26 (in FIGS Fig. 1 arrangements of permanent magnets 36 are shown only around the second interrupter lines 26, although permanent magnets could also be arranged around the first interrupter line 24).
  • the arrangement of permanent magnets 36 generates a magnetic field in the region of the surrounding interrupting path 26, the field lines of which extend essentially transversely to the interruption path 26 that is surrounded.
  • the magnetic fields of the permanent magnet assemblies are poled to produce at a given current flow direction through the current paths 20 and 22 on arcs deflecting forces that deflect the arcs in a predetermined direction, typically either to the arc splitter stack
  • at least two of the generated magnetic fields are poled so that at operating current direction an arc occurring at a breaker distance to the arc quenching package 34 and an arc occurring at another interruption distance to the thermoset switching shaft segments 38th is distracted.
  • at least one arc is always deflected to the arc splitter stack 34 and another arc to the thermoset switching shaft segments 38.
  • the arrangement of the permanent magnets is now chosen so that in a current flow direction through the current paths of the double circuit breaker 12, 14, 16 and 18 in the operating current arcs through the permanent magnetic field at the first and second double breaker 12 and 14 in the respective arcing chamber and arcs at the other two double interrupters 16 and 18 opposite to the respective switching shaft segments made of thermoset of the double breaker 16 and 18 are deflected, as indicated by the bold arrows in Fig. 1 is indicated.
  • the distraction arcing against the double breaker switch shaft segment made of thermosetting plastic that is rotating as it opens into the double breaker causes an extension and simultaneous cooling of the arc without destroying surrounding components.
  • Fig. 3 For example, in a double breaker shown in a side view, due to the arrangement of permanent magnets 36, a flex bend 44 deflected to the thermoset switching shaft segment 38 and an arc 46 deflected in the opposite direction are shown in the reverse current flow direction.
  • Fig. 4 shows a double breaker in side view with arc quenching packs 32 and 34 and deflected arcs 44 and 46. It can clearly be seen how the arc 46 is directed into the arc splitter stack 34, from which it is cooled and interrupted. Similarly, the deflected to the thermoset switching shaft segment 38 Lichbogen 44 is cooled so that its resistance increases, resulting in the demolition of the arc 44.
  • the arrangement of the permanent magnets 36 can also be distributed in any other way.
  • the permanent magnet arrangements should only possible be evenly distributed, so in reversible current flow direction similar extinguishing conditions are present and the device thus polarity-independent switching off the current flow safely.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
EP13770454.0A 2012-09-27 2013-09-25 Gleichstrom-schalter mit einer vorrichtung zur stromrichtungsunabhängigen lichtbogenlöschung Active EP2901466B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012109195 2012-09-27
PCT/EP2013/070002 WO2014049011A1 (de) 2012-09-27 2013-09-25 Gleichstrom-schalter mit einer vorrichtung zur stromrichtungsunabhängigen lichtbogenlöschung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2901466A1 EP2901466A1 (de) 2015-08-05
EP2901466B1 true EP2901466B1 (de) 2016-12-07

Family

ID=49261532

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13770454.0A Active EP2901466B1 (de) 2012-09-27 2013-09-25 Gleichstrom-schalter mit einer vorrichtung zur stromrichtungsunabhängigen lichtbogenlöschung

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US9552945B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP2901466B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN104685594B (zh)
CA (1) CA2886423A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2014049011A1 (zh)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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JP6011664B2 (ja) * 2015-03-13 2016-10-19 オムロン株式会社 接点機構およびこれを用いたスイッチ
FR3050311B1 (fr) * 2016-04-15 2020-12-04 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Disjoncteur electrique a courant continu
CN106298297A (zh) * 2016-08-31 2017-01-04 陈国良 具有双触点动触头的断路器和带有漏电开关的电源插排
DE102016216392A1 (de) * 2016-08-31 2018-03-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schalteinheit für einen elektrischen Schalter und elektrischer Schalter
CN208622653U (zh) * 2018-04-16 2019-03-19 泰科电子(深圳)有限公司 继电器
FR3095890B1 (fr) * 2019-05-06 2021-07-16 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Pôle limiteur d’interrupteur électrique et interrupteur électrique à courant continu comportant un tel pôle limiteur
CN210722924U (zh) * 2019-07-30 2020-06-09 伊顿电气有限公司 一种用于断路器的电极以及断路器

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DE1140998B (de) 1955-07-30 1962-12-13 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kammerzellen fuer Expansionskammern in Expansionsschaltern
DE1075722B (de) * 1956-11-05 1960-02-18 LICENTIA Patent Verwaltungs GmbH Frankfurt/M Magnetische Licht bogenblasemnchtung bei Gleichstromschnellschaltern
DE1140997B (de) * 1959-08-07 1962-12-13 Continental Elektro Ind Ag Lichtbogenloeschvorrichtung fuer Wechsel- und Gleichstromschaltgeraete
FR2618251B1 (fr) 1987-06-25 1989-11-17 Merlin Gerin Interrupteur rotatif a piste courbe de migration d'une racine d'arc.
DE19910032C1 (de) * 1999-03-08 2000-04-06 Moeller Gmbh Mehrpoliger Leistungsschalter
DE29918974U1 (de) * 1999-10-29 2001-03-08 Moeller Gmbh Elektrisches Schutzschaltgerät
DE10049407C2 (de) 2000-10-05 2002-10-10 Aeg Niederspannungstech Gmbh Schaltwelleneinheit für elektrische Schalter, insbesondere für Niederspannungsschalter
JP3997818B2 (ja) * 2001-05-28 2007-10-24 富士電機機器制御株式会社 配線用回路しゃ断器
JP2004349203A (ja) * 2003-05-26 2004-12-09 Omron Corp 直流負荷用接点構成および該接点構成を有した開閉器
DE102006035844B4 (de) * 2006-08-01 2008-06-19 Schaltbau Gmbh Schütz für Gleichstrom- und Wechselstrombetrieb
DE102007054958A1 (de) 2007-11-17 2009-06-04 Moeller Gmbh Schaltgerät für Gleichstrom-Anwendungen
FR2938969A1 (fr) * 2008-11-21 2010-05-28 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Dispositif de coupure pour couper un courant continu bidirectionnel et installation a cellules photovoltaiques equipee d'un tel dispositif
EP2463878A1 (de) 2010-12-07 2012-06-13 Eaton Industries GmbH Schalter mit Löschkammer

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN104685594A (zh) 2015-06-03
US20150243458A1 (en) 2015-08-27
EP2901466A1 (de) 2015-08-05
CN104685594B (zh) 2017-10-24
WO2014049011A1 (de) 2014-04-03
CA2886423A1 (en) 2014-04-03
US9552945B2 (en) 2017-01-24

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